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Xi X, Zhang G, Liu F, Fu G, He C, Chen H, Lv C, Sun W, Zhang K, Wang P, Deng X, Ma Z, Fu C, Guo B. Direct calibration of neutron detectors for laser-driven nuclear reaction experiments with a gated neutron source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:013301. [PMID: 36725553 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the sustained technological progress in high-intensity lasers is opening up the possibility of super-intense laser pulses to trigger or substantially influence nuclear reactions. However, it is a big challenge to quantitatively measure the reaction products because of the interference of electromagnetic pulses induced by high-intensity lasers. Fast scintillation detectors are widely chosen for fast neutron detection. The calibration of neutron detectors is crucial to measuring the yield of neutron products. Since one large signal superimposed by a number of neutron signals appears during a short period, it is difficult to directly and precisely calibrate the detectors' response for a single neutron. In the present work, we developed a direct calibration method with a gated fission neutron source 252Cf to solve this problem. This work demonstrates that the gated fission neutron source approach, with a unique "Pulse Shape Discrimination & Time of Flight window" function, has the highest background-γ-rejection and improves the confidence level of the final results for both liquid and plastic scintillator. Compared with the result of Compton edge method and neutron beam method, the gated fission neutron source method achieves much cleaner neutron signals and avoids interference caused by the modeling accuracy of the neutron detectors. This approach can be widely used in laser-driven nuclear physics experiments with higher accuracy for neutron detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xi
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fulong Liu
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Guangyong Fu
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Chuangye He
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Chong Lv
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Putong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiangai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application (MoE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiguo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application (MoE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changbo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application (MoE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
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Zhang X, Wei W, Fu C, Yuan X, An H, Deng Y, Fang Y, Gao J, Ge X, Guo B, He C, Hu P, Hua N, Jiang W, Li L, Li M, Li Y, Li Y, Liao G, Liu F, Liu L, Wang H, Yang P, Yang S, Yang T, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zhu B, Xi X, Zhu J, Sheng Z, Zhang J. Demonstration of laser-produced neutron diagnostic by radiative capture gamma-rays. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:023505. [PMID: 29495800 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a new scenario of the time-of-flight technique in which fast neutrons and delayed gamma-ray signals were both recorded in a millisecond time window in harsh environments induced by high-intensity lasers. The delayed gamma signals, arriving far later than the original fast neutron and often being ignored previously, were identified to be the results of radiative captures of thermalized neutrons. The linear correlation between the gamma photon number and the fast neutron yield shows that these delayed gamma events can be employed for neutron diagnosis. This method can reduce the detecting efficiency dropping problem caused by prompt high-flux gamma radiation and provides a new way for neutron diagnosing in high-intensity laser-target interaction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhang
- INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenqing Wei
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changbo Fu
- INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Honghai An
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yanqing Deng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xulei Ge
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Chuangye He
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Peng Hu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Neng Hua
- Shanghai Institute of Optical and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Weiman Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liang Li
- INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengting Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guoqian Liao
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Pengqian Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Optical and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Su Yang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Baoqiang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Optical and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xi
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Optical and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhengming Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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