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Walker J, Babyok OL, Saloman JL, Phillips AE. Recent advances in the understanding and management of chronic pancreatitis pain. JOURNAL OF PANCREATOLOGY 2024; 7:35-44. [PMID: 38524856 PMCID: PMC10959534 DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and is often debilitating for patients and very difficult to treat. To date, there exists no cure for the disease. Treatment strategies focus on symptom management and on mitigation of disease progression by reducing toxin exposure and avoiding recurrent inflammatory events. Traditional treatment protocols start with medical management followed by consideration of procedural or surgical intervention on selected patients with severe and persistent pain. The incorporation of adjuvant therapies to treat comorbidities including psychiatric disorders, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, mineral bone disease, frailty, and malnutrition, are in its early stages. Recent clinical studies and animal models have been designed to improve investigation into the pathophysiology of CP pain, as well as to improve pain management. Despite the array of tools available, many therapeutic options for the management of CP pain provide incomplete relief. There still remains much to discover about the neural regulation of pancreas-related pain. In this review, we will discuss research from the last 5 years that has provided new insights into novel methods of pain phenotyping and the pathophysiology of CP pain. These discoveries have led to improvements in patient selection for optimization of outcomes for both medical and procedural management, and identification of potential future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Olivia L. Babyok
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jami L. Saloman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Pain Research, Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Anna Evans Phillips
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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2
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Miao J, Kang L, Lan T, Wang J, Wu S, Jia Y, Xue X, Guo H, Wang P, Li Y. Identification of optimal reference genes in golden Syrian hamster with ethanol- and palmitoleic acid-induced acute pancreatitis using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:609-618. [PMID: 37202901 PMCID: PMC10757205 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe disorder that leads to high morbidity and mortality. Appropriate reference genes are important for gene analysis in AP. This study sought to study the expression stability of several reference genes in the golden Syrian hamster, a model of AP. METHODS AP was induced in golden Syrian hamster by intraperitoneal injection of ethanol (1.35 g/kg) and palmitoleic acid (2 mg/kg). The expression of candidate genes, including Actb, Gapdh, Eef2, Ywhaz, Rps18, Hprt1, Tubb, Rpl13a, Nono, and B2m, in hamster pancreas at different time points (1, 3, 6, 9, and 24 h) posttreatment was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression stability of these genes was calculated using BestKeeper, Comprehensive Delta CT, NormFinder, and geNorm algorithms and RefFinder software. RESULTS Our results show that the expression of these reference genes fluctuated during AP, of which Ywhaz and Gapdh were the most stable genes, whereas Tubb, Eef2, and Actb were the least stable genes. Furthermore, these genes were used to normalize the expression of TNF-α messenger ribonucleic acid in inflamed pancreas. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Ywhaz and Gapdh were suitable reference genes for gene expression analysis in AP induced in Syrian hamster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Le Kang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Tianfeng Lan
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Center for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianyao Wang
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Center for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Siqing Wu
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Yifan Jia
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Xia Xue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research CenterThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Haoran Guo
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Center for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Pengju Wang
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Center for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yan Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
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3
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Yang X, Yao L, Yuan M, Zhang X, Jakubowska MA, Ferdek PE, Dai L, Yang J, Jin T, Deng L, Fu X, Du D, Liu T, Criddle DN, Sutton R, Huang W, Xia Q. Transcriptomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal the Protective Effect of Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction on Obesity-Related Alcohol-Induced Acute Pancreatitis via Oxidative Stress and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896523. [PMID: 35754467 PMCID: PMC9213732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by increasing prevalence worldwide and worse clinical outcomes compared to AP of other etiologies. Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD), a Chinese herbal formula, has long been used for the clinical management of AP but its therapeutic actions and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study has investigated the pharmacological mechanisms of CQCQD in a novel mouse model of obesity-related alcohol-induced AP (OA-AP). The mouse OA-AP model was induced by a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and subsequently two intraperitoneal injections of ethanol, CQCQD was administered 2 h after the first injection of ethanol. The severity of OA-AP was assessed and correlated with changes in transcriptomic profiles and network pharmacology in the pancreatic and adipose tissues, and further docking analysis modeled the interactions between compounds of CQCQD and their key targets. The results showed that CQCQD significantly reduced pancreatic necrosis, alleviated systemic inflammation, and decreased the parameters associated with multi-organ dysfunction. Transcriptomics and network pharmacology analysis, as well as further experimental validation, have shown that CQCQD induced Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant protein response and decreased Akt phosphorylation in the pancreatic and adipose tissues. In vitro, CQCQD protected freshly isolated pancreatic acinar cells from H2O2-elicited oxidative stress and necrotic cell death. The docking results of AKT1 and the active compounds related to AKT1 in CQCQD showed high binding affinity. In conclusion, CQCQD ameliorates the severity of OA-AP by activating of the antioxidant protein response and down-regulating of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the pancreas and visceral adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Pawel E Ferdek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Du
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - David N Criddle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institutes for Systems Genetics & Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Wang L, Xu T, Wang R, Wang X, Wu D. Hypertriglyceridemia Acute Pancreatitis: Animal Experiment Research. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:761-772. [PMID: 33939144 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of acute pancreatitis cases caused by hypertriglyceridemia has increased gradually, which has caught the attention of the medical community. However, because the exact mechanism of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is not clear, treatment and prevention in clinical practice face enormous challenges. Animal models are useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases and developing and testing novel interventions. Therefore, animal experiments have become the key research means for us to understand and treat this disease. We searched almost all HTG-AP animal models by collecting many studies and finally collated common animals such as rats, mice and included some rare animals that are not commonly used, summarizing the methods to model spontaneous pancreatitis and induce pancreatitis. We sorted them on the basis of three aspects, including the selection of different animals, analyzed the characteristics of different animals, different approaches to establish hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis and their relative advantages and disadvantages, and introduced the applications of these models in studies of pathogenesis and drug therapy. We hope this review can provide relevant comparisons and analyses for researchers who intend to carry out animal experiments and will help researchers to select and establish more suitable animal experimental models according to their own experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Kuramoto T, Jin D, Komeda K, Taniguchi K, Hirokawa F, Takai S, Uchiyama K. Chymase as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Acute Pancreatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212313. [PMID: 34830195 PMCID: PMC8621078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is still a life-threatening disease without an evidenced therapeutic agent. In this study, the effect of chymase in acute pancreatitis and the possible effect of a chymase inhibitor in acute pancreatitis were investigated. Hamsters were subcutaneously administered 3.0 g/kg of L-arginine to induce acute pancreatitis. Biological markers were measured 1, 2, and 8 h after L-arginine administration. To investigate the effect of a chymase inhibitor, a placebo (saline) or a chymase inhibitor TY-51469 (30 mg/kg) was given 1 h after L-arginine administration. The survival rates were evaluated for 24 h after L-arginine administration. Significant increases in serum lipase levels and pancreatic neutrophil numbers were observed at 1 and 2 h after L-arginine administration, respectively. Significant increases in pancreatic neutrophil numbers were observed in the placebo-treated group, but they were significantly reduced in the TY-51469-treated group. A significant increase in the pancreatic tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA level was observed in the placebo-treated group, but it disappeared in the TY-51469-treated group. Chymase activity significantly increased in the placebo-treated group, but it was significantly reduced by treatment with TY-51469. The survival rate significantly improved in the TY-51469-treated group. A chymase inhibitor may become a novel therapeutic agent for acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kuramoto
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan; (T.K.); (K.K.); (F.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan;
| | - Koji Komeda
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan; (T.K.); (K.K.); (F.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan;
| | - Fumitoshi Hirokawa
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan; (T.K.); (K.K.); (F.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-684-6021
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Japan; (T.K.); (K.K.); (F.H.); (K.U.)
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6
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Chen S, Zhu J, Sun LQ, Liu S, Zhang T, Jin Y, Huang C, Li D, Yao H, Huang J, Qin Y, Zhou M, Chen G, Zhang Q, Ma F. LincRNA-EPS alleviates severe acute pancreatitis by suppressing HMGB1-triggered inflammation in pancreatic macrophages. Immunology 2021; 163:201-219. [PMID: 33512718 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas with a high hospitalization rate, frequently leads to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). However, therapeutic targets for effective treatment and early intervention of AP are still urgently required to be identified. Here, we have observed that the expression of pancreatic lincRNA-EPS, a long intergenic non-coding RNA, is dynamically changed during both caerulein-induced AP (Cer-AP) and sodium taurocholate-induced severe AP (NaTc-SAP). The expression pattern of lincRNA-EPS is negatively correlated with the typical inflammatory genes such as IL-6, IL-1β, CXCL1, and CXCL2. Further studies indicate that knockout of lincRNA-EPS aggravates the pathological symptoms of AP including more induction of serum amylase and lipase, severe edema, inflammatory cells infiltration and acinar necrosis in both experimental AP mouse models. Besides these intrapancreatic effects, lincRNA-EPS also protects against tissue damages in the extra-pancreatic organs such as lung, liver, and gut in the NaTc-SAP mouse model. In addition, we have observed more serum pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the lincRNA-EPS-/- NaTc-SAP mice and more extracellular HMGB1 around injured acinar cells in the pancreas from lincRNA-EPS-/- NaTc-SAP mice, compared with their respective controls. Pharmacological inhibition of NF- κ B activity by BAY11-7082 significantly abolishes the suppressive effect of lincRNA-EPS on TLR4 ligand-induced inflammatory genes in macrophages. Our study has described a protective role of lincRNA-EPS in alleviating AP and SAP, outlined a novel pathway that lincRNA-EPS suppresses HMGB1-NF- κ B-dependent inflammatory response in pancreatic macrophages and provided a potential therapeutic target for SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingfei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuepeng Jin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaohao Huang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Dapei Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanghua Qin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
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7
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Yang X, Yao L, Fu X, Mukherjee R, Xia Q, Jakubowska MA, Ferdek PE, Huang W. Experimental Acute Pancreatitis Models: History, Current Status, and Role in Translational Research. Front Physiol 2020; 11:614591. [PMID: 33424638 PMCID: PMC7786374 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.614591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a potentially severe inflammatory disease that may be associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently there is no specific treatment for the disease, which indicates an ongoing demand for research into its pathogenesis and development of new therapeutic strategies. Due to the unpredictable course of acute pancreatitis and relatively concealed anatomical site in the retro-peritoneum, research on the human pancreas remains challenging. As a result, for over the last 100 years studies on the pathogenesis of this disease have heavily relied on animal models. This review aims to summarize different animal models of acute pancreatitis from the past to present and discuss their main characteristics and applications. It identifies key studies that have enhanced our current understanding of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and highlights the instrumental role of animal models in translational research for developing novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Pawel E. Ferdek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Ye Z, Ma H. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1, and Changes in Alveolar Septa in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925278. [PMID: 33070147 PMCID: PMC7580176 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the relationship between the pathological alteration of alveolar septa and (1) pulmonary function and (2) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material/Methods Sixty patients with pulmonary disease were divided into control (n=20) and COPD (n=40) groups. Postoperative lung tissue specimens were examined. Hematoxylin and eosin and elastin van Gieson staining detected pathological alterations of pulmonary alveolar septa. Septa thickness was measured. MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Correlations were determined by Pearson analysis. Results Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity, FEV1 percent predicted (FEV1%pre), and diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide percent predicted (DLCO%pre) in COPD patients were significantly lower than in those of the control group (P<0.05). MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 expression levels were significantly higher in the COPD group than in control, especially the severe group (P<0.05). Septa thickness was negatively correlated with FEV1%pre (r=−0.335; P<0.05) and positively correlated with MMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression (P<0.05). Proportion of collagenous fiber was negatively correlated with FEV1%pre and DLCO%pre (P<0.01), and positively correlated with MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 expression (P<0.01). Proportion of elastic fibers was negatively correlated with collagenous fiber. Conclusions The pathological alteration of alveolar septa was correlated with pulmonary function and expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1, which can play vital roles in COPD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yuechuan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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9
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Wang Q, Bai L, Luo S, Wang T, Yang F, Xia J, Wang H, Ma K, Liu M, Wu S, Wang H, Guo S, Sun X, Xiao Q. TMEM16A Ca 2+-activated Cl - channel inhibition ameliorates acute pancreatitis via the IP 3R/Ca 2+/NFκB/IL-6 signaling pathway. J Adv Res 2020; 23:25-35. [PMID: 32071789 PMCID: PMC7016042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl- channels are expressed in pancreatic acinar cells and participate in inflammation-associated diseases. Whether TMEM16A contributes to the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP) remains unknown. Here, we found that increased TMEM16A expression in the pancreatic tissue was correlated with the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in the pancreatic tissue and in the serum of a cerulein-induced AP mouse model. IL-6 treatment promoted TMEM16A expression in AR42J pancreatic acinar cells via the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In addition, TMEM16A was co-immunoprecipitated with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and was activated by IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release. TMEM16A inhibition reduced the IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release induced by cerulein. Furthermore, TMEM16A overexpression activated nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and increased IL-6 release by increasing intracellular Ca2+. TMEM16A knockdown by shRNAs reduced the cerulein-induced NFκB activation by Ca2+. TMEM16A inhibitors inhibited NFκB activation by decreasing channel activity and reducing TMEM16A protein levels in AR42J cells, and it ameliorated pancreatic damage in cerulein-induced AP mice. This study identifies a novel mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AP by which IL-6 promotes TMEM16A expression via IL-6R/STAT3 signaling activation, and TMEM16A overexpression increases IL-6 secretion via IP3R/Ca2+/NFκB signaling activation in pancreatic acinar cells. TMEM16A inhibition may be a new potential strategy for treating AP.
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Key Words
- AP, acute pancreatitis
- Acute pancreatitis
- BAPTA-AM, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid-acetyloxymethyl ester
- CCK, cholesystokinin
- CFBE, cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial
- CaCCinh-A01, Ca2+-activated Cl− channel inhibitor-A01
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EGFP, green fluorescent protein
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HEPES, N-2-hydroxyethil-piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IL-6R, interleukin 6 receptor
- IP3R, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor
- Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor
- Interleukin-6
- NFκB
- NFκB, nuclear factor-κB
- NMDG, N-methyl-D-glucamine
- NP-40, Nonidet P-40
- PACs, pancreatic acinar cells
- RIPA, radio immunoprecipitation assay
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- STAT3, signal transducers and activators of transcription 3
- T16Ainh-A01, TMEM16A inhibitor-A01
- TMEM16A
- Tris, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
- WT, wild type
- shRNAs, short hairpin RNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.,Department of Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Lichuan Bai
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuya Luo
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jialin Xia
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuwei Wu
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Huijie Wang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shibin Guo
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Qinghuan Xiao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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10
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Suresh V, Sundaram R, Dash P, Sabat SC, Mohapatra D, Mohanty S, Vasudevan D, Senapati S. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor of Syrian golden hamster shares structural and functional similarity with human counterpart and promotes pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15507. [PMID: 31664114 PMCID: PMC6820718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that increasingly is being studied in cancers and inflammatory diseases. Though murine models have been instrumental in understanding the functional role of MIF in different pathological conditions, the information obtained from these models is biased towards a specific species. In experimental science, results obtained from multiple clinically relevant animal models always provide convincing data that might recapitulate in humans. Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), is a clinically relevant animal model for multiple human diseases. Hence, the major objectives of this study were to characterize the structure and function of Mesocricetus auratus MIF (MaMIF) and finally evaluate its effect on pancreatic tumor growth in vivo. Initially, the recombinant MaMIF was cloned, expressed and purified in a bacterial expression system. The MaMIF primary sequence, biochemical properties, and crystal structure analysis showed greater similarity with human MIF. The crystal structure of MaMIF illustrates that it forms a homotrimer as known in human and mouse. However, MaMIF exhibits some minor structural variations when compared to human and mouse MIF. The in vitro functional studies show that MaMIF has tautomerase activity and enhances activation and migration of hamster peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Interestingly, injection of MaMIF into HapT1 pancreatic tumor-bearing hamsters significantly enhanced the tumor growth and tumor-associated angiogenesis. Together, the current study shows a structural and functional similarity between the hamster and human MIF. Moreover, it has demonstrated that a high level of circulating MIF originating from non-tumor cells might also promote pancreatic tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voddu Suresh
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rajivgandhi Sundaram
- Macromolecular Crystallography Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Pujarini Dash
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Surendra Chandra Sabat
- Molecular Biology of Abiotic Stress Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debasish Mohapatra
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sneha Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Dileep Vasudevan
- Macromolecular Crystallography Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Shantibhusan Senapati
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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11
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Saloman JL, Albers KM, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Davis BM, Edderkaoui M, Eibl G, Epouhe AY, Gedeon JY, Gorelick FS, Grippo PJ, Groblewski GE, Husain SZ, Lai KK, Pandol SJ, Uc A, Wen L, Whitcomb DC. Animal Models: Challenges and Opportunities to Determine Optimal Experimental Models of Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2019; 48:759-779. [PMID: 31206467 PMCID: PMC6581211 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
At the 2018 PancreasFest meeting, experts participating in basic research met to discuss the plethora of available animal models for studying exocrine pancreatic disease. In particular, the discussion focused on the challenges currently facing the field and potential solutions. That meeting culminated in this review, which describes the advantages and limitations of both common and infrequently used models of exocrine pancreatic disease, namely, pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic cancer. The objective is to provide a comprehensive description of the available models but also to provide investigators with guidance in the application of these models to investigate both environmental and genetic contributions to exocrine pancreatic disease. The content covers both nongenic and genetically engineered models across multiple species (large and small). Recommendations for choosing the appropriate model as well as how to conduct and present results are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami L. Saloman
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kathryn M. Albers
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian M. Davis
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Basic and Translational Pancreas Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Guido Eibl
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ariel Y. Epouhe
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jeremy Y. Gedeon
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Fred S. Gorelick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases & Department of Cell Biology Yale University School of Medicine; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare, West Haven, CT
| | - Paul J. Grippo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UI Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Guy E. Groblewski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | | | - Keane K.Y. Lai
- Department of Pathology (National Medical Center), Department of Molecular Medicine (Beckman Research Institute), and Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Aliye Uc
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
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12
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Huang C, Chen S, Zhang T, Li D, Huang Z, Huang J, Qin Y, Chen B, Cheng G, Ma F, Zhou M. TLR3 Ligand PolyI:C Prevents Acute Pancreatitis Through the Interferon-β/Interferon-α/β Receptor Signaling Pathway in a Caerulein-Induced Pancreatitis Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:980. [PMID: 31130960 PMCID: PMC6509240 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and devastating inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. However, there are still no effective treatments available for the disease. Therefore, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets and strategies for better treatment and prognosis of AP patients. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand polyI:C is a double-stranded RNA mimic that can be used as an immune stimulant. Our current study indicates that polyI:C exerted excellent anti-inflammatory effects in a caerulein-induced AP mouse model and taurocholate-induced pancreatic acinar cell line injury model. We found that polyI:C triggers type I interferon (IFN) production and downstream IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR)-dependent signaling, which play key roles in protecting the pancreas from inflammatory injury. Knockout of IFN-β and IFNAR in mice abolished the preventive effects of polyI:C on caerulein-induced AP symptoms, which include pancreatic edema, neutrophil infiltration, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory gene expression. Treating pancreatic acinar 266-6 cells with an IFNAR inhibitor, which blocks the interaction between type I IFN and IFNAR, diminishes the downregulation of oxidative stress by polyI:C. Additionally, a subsequent transcriptome analysis on the role of polyI:C in treating pancreatitis suggested that chemotaxis of neutrophils and the production of ROS were inhibited by polyI:C in the pancreases damaged by caerulein injection. Thus, polyI:C may act as a type I IFN inducer to alleviate AP, and it has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent used at the early stages of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengchuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dapei Li
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonglin Huang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanghua Qin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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13
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Been LE, Gibbons AB, Meisel RL. Towards a neurobiology of female aggression. Neuropharmacology 2018; 156:107451. [PMID: 30502376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although many people think of aggression as a negative or undesirable emotion, it is a normal part of many species' repertoire of social behaviors. Purposeful and controlled aggression can be adaptive in that it warns other individuals of perceived breaches in social contracts with the goal of dispersing conflict before it escalates into violence. Aggression becomes maladaptive, however, when it escalates inappropriately or impulsively into violence. Despite ample data demonstrating that impulsive aggression and violence occurs in both men and women, aggression has historically been considered a uniquely masculine trait. As a result, the vast majority of studies attempting to model social aggression in animals, particularly those aimed at understanding the neural underpinnings of aggression, have been conducted in male rodents. In this review, we summarize the state of the literature on the neurobiology of social aggression in female rodents, including social context, hormonal regulation and neural sites of aggression regulation. Our goal is to put historical research in the context of new research, emphasizing studies using ecologically valid methods and modern sophisticated techniques. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Been
- Department of Psychology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA.
| | - Alison B Gibbons
- Department of Psychology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA
| | - Robert L Meisel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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14
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Short article: Presence, extent and location of pancreatic necrosis are independent of aetiology in acute pancreatitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 30:342-345. [PMID: 29280919 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most common aetiologies of acute pancreatitis (AP) are gallstones, alcohol and idiopathic. The impact of the aetiology of AP on the extent and morphology of pancreatic and extrapancreatic necrosis (EXPN) has not been clearly established. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of aetiology on the presence and location of pancreatic necrosis in patients with AP. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a post-hoc analysis of a previously established multicentre cohort of patients with AP in whom a computed tomography was available for review. Clinical data were obtained from the medical records. All computed tomographies were revised by the same expert radiologist. The impact of aetiology on pancreatic and EXPN was calculated. RESULTS In total, 159 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis were identified from a cohort of 285 patients. The most frequent aetiologies were biliary (105 patients, 37%), followed by alcohol (102 patients, 36%) and other aetiologies including idiopathic (78 patients, 27%). No relationship was found between the aetiology and the presence of pancreatic necrosis, EXPN, location of pancreatic necrosis or presence of collections. CONCLUSION We found no association between the aetiology of AP and the presence, extent and anatomical location of pancreatic necrosis.
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15
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High-Fructose Consumption Impairs the Redox System and Protein Quality Control in the Brain of Syrian Hamsters: Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7973-7986. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Accelerating the Drug Delivery Pipeline for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis-Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities: Overview Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop. Pancreas 2018; 47:1180-1184. [PMID: 30325855 PMCID: PMC6201320 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A workshop was sponsored by the Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, on July 25, 2018, in Pittsburgh, Penn. The workshop was designed to bring together a multidisciplinary group of experts to accelerate the development of therapeutics for clinical application in inflammatory diseases of the exocrine pancreas. Three separate working groups (acute pancreatitis, recurrent acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis) were formed to address the needs, gaps, and opportunities. The working groups included patients with pancreatic diseases, pharmaceutical company leaders, basic scientists, clinical researchers, and representatives from the US Food and Drug Administration to assist with regulatory considerations and to identify the unmet needs, research targets, and opportunities to provide direction for successful development of therapeutic agents in these diseases. This article represents the summary of the overview presentations at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases workshop including an ongoing drug trial in acute pancreatitis; a successful drug development network developed by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; and considerations for subject selection in drug trials, incorporating Food and Drug Administration guidelines on clinical trial design and clinical outcome measures. The summaries of each working group follow separately in accompanying articles.
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17
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Accelerating the Drug Delivery Pipeline for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Summary of the Working Group on Drug Development and Trials in Acute Pancreatitis at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop. Pancreas 2018; 47:1185-1192. [PMID: 30325856 PMCID: PMC6692135 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to focus on research gaps and opportunities on drug development for pancreatitis. This conference was held on July 25, 2018, and structured into 3 working groups (WG): acute pancreatitis (AP) WG, recurrent AP WG, and chronic pancreatitis WG. This article reports the outcome of the work accomplished by the AP WG to provide the natural history, epidemiology, and current management of AP; inform about the role of preclinical models in therapy selection; and discuss clinical trial designs with clinical and patient-reported outcomes to test new therapies.
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18
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Nakamura T, Karakida N, Dantsuka A, Ichii O, Elewa YHA, Kon Y, Nagasaki KI, Hattori H, Yoshiyasu T. Effects of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on anesthesia and blood biochemistry and the antagonizing action of atipamezole in hamsters. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1230-1235. [PMID: 28603217 PMCID: PMC5559369 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are useful laboratory rodents for studying human infectious diseases, metabolic diseases and cancer. In other rodents, such as mice and rats, a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol functions as a useful anesthetic, although it alters some blood biochemical parameters. In this study, we examined the effects of this mixture on anesthesia and blood biochemical parameters, and the action of atipamezole, a medetomidine antagonist, in hamsters. Intramuscular injection of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol at doses of 0.15, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively, had a short induction time (within 5 min) and produced an anesthetic duration of approximately 100 min in hamsters. We also demonstrated that 0.15 mg/kg of atipamezole, corresponding to the same dose as medetomidine, made hamsters recover quickly from anesthesia. The anesthetic agent markedly altered metabolic parameters, such as plasma glucose and insulin; however, 0.15 mg/kg of atipamezole returned these levels to normal range within approximately 10 min after the injection. The anesthetic also slightly altered mineral levels, such as plasma inorganic phosphorus, calcium and sodium; the latter two were also improved by atipamezole. Our results indicated that the mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol at doses of 0.15, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively, functioned as an effective anesthetic, and atipamezole was useful for antagonizing both anesthesia and biochemical alteration in hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Nakamura
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan.,Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoya Karakida
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan
| | - Ai Dantsuka
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nagasaki
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Tama Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Hideki Hattori
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan
| | - Tomoji Yoshiyasu
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan
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