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Pal I, Dey SG. The Role of Heme and Copper in Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. JACS AU 2023; 3:657-681. [PMID: 37006768 PMCID: PMC10052274 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Beyond the well-explored proposition of protein aggregation or amyloidosis as the central event in amyloidogenic diseases like Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2Dm); there are alternative hypotheses, now becoming increasingly evident, which suggest that the small biomolecules like redox noninnocent metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.) and cofactors (Heme) have a definite influence in the onset and extent of such degenerative maladies. Dyshomeostasis of these components remains as one of the common features in both AD and T2Dm etiology. Recent advances in this course reveal that the metal/cofactor-peptide interactions and covalent binding can alarmingly enhance and modify the toxic reactivities, oxidize vital biomolecules, significantly contribute to the oxidative stress leading to cell apoptosis, and may precede the amyloid fibrils formation by altering their native folds. This perspective highlights this aspect of amyloidogenic pathology which revolves around the impact of the metals and cofactors in the pathogenic courses of AD and T2Dm including the active site environments, altered reactivities, and the probable mechanisms involving some highly reactive intermediates as well. It also discusses some in vitro metal chelation or heme sequestration strategies which might serve as a possible remedy. These findings might open up a new paradigm in our conventional understanding of amyloidogenic diseases. Moreover, the interaction of the active sites with small molecules elucidates potential biochemical reactivities that can inspire designing of drug candidates for such pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick
Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick
Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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2
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Akbarian M, Chen SH, Kianpour M, Farjadian F, Tayebi L, Uversky VN. A review on biofilms and the currently available antibiofilm approaches: Matrix-destabilizing hydrolases and anti-bacterial peptides as promising candidates for the food industries. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1163-1179. [PMID: 36058386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that can be harmful and/or beneficial, depending on location and cell content. Since in most cases (such as the formation of biofilms in laboratory/medicinal equipment, water pipes, high humidity-placed structures, and the food packaging machinery) these bacterial and fungal communities are troublesome, researchers in various fields are trying to find a promising strategy to destroy or slow down their formation. In general, anti-biofilm strategies are divided into the plant-based and non-plant categories, with the latter including nanoparticles, bacteriophages, enzymes, surfactants, active peptides and free fatty acids. In most cases, using a single strategy will not be sufficient to eliminate biofilm, and consequently, two or more strategies will inevitably be used to deal with this unwanted phenomenon. According to the analysis of potential biofilm inhibition strategies, the best option for the food industry would be the use of hydrolase enzymes and peptides extracted from natural sources. This article represents a systematic review of the previous efforts made in these directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Akbarian
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Maryam Kianpour
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia.
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3
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An S, Jeon EJ, Han SY, Jeon J, Lee MJ, Kim S, Shin M, Cho SW. pH-Universal Catechol-Amine Chemistry for Versatile Hyaluronic Acid Bioadhesives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202729. [PMID: 35989097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Catechol, a major mussel-inspired underwater adhesive moiety, has been used to develop functional adhesive hydrogels for biomedical applications. However, oxidative catechol chemistry for interpolymer crosslinking and adhesion is exclusively effective under alkaline conditions, with limited applications in non-alkaline conditions. To overcome this limitation, pH-universal catechol-amine chemistry to recapitulate naturally occurring biochemical events induced by pH variation in the mussel foot is suggested. Aldehyde moieties are introduced to hyaluronic acid (HA) by partial oxidation, which enables dual-mode catechol tethering to the HA via both stable amide and reactive secondary amine bonds. Because of the presence of additional reactive amine groups, the resultant aldehyde-modified HA conjugated with catechol (AH-CA) is effectively crosslinked in acidic and neutral pH conditions. The AH-CA hydrogel exhibits not only fast gelation via active crosslinking regardless of pH conditions, but also strong adhesion and excellent biocompatibility. The hydrogel enables rapid and robust wound sealing and hemostasis in neutral and alkaline conditions. The hydrogel also mediates effective therapeutic stem cell and drug delivery even in dynamic and harsh environments, such as a motile heart and acidic stomach. Therefore, the AH-CA hydrogel can serve as a versatile biomaterial in a wide range of pH conditions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohwan An
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Je Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- CellArtgen Inc., Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeop Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- CellArtgen Inc., Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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4
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Yamaguchi K, Itakura M, Tsukamoto M, Lim SY, Uchida K. Natural polyphenols convert proteins into histone-binding ligands. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102529. [PMID: 36162500 PMCID: PMC9589214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are sensitive to oxidation and are immediately converted into their oxidized forms that can react with proteins. We have recently found that proteins incubated with oxidized vitamin C (dehydroascorbate) gain a new function as a histone-binding ligand. This finding led us to predict that antioxidants, through conversion to their oxidized forms, may generally have similar functions. In the present study, we identified several natural polyphenols as a source of histone ligands and characterized the mechanism for the interaction of protein-bound polyphenols with histone. Through screening of 25 plant-derived polyphenols by assessing their ability to convert bovine serum albumin into histone ligands, we identified seven polyphenols, including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG). Additionally, we found that the histone tail domain, which is a highly charged and conformationally flexible region, is involved in the interaction with the polyphenol-modified proteins. Further mechanistic studies showed the involvement of a complex heterogeneous group of the polyphenol-derived compounds bound to proteins as histone-binding elements. We also determined that the interaction of polyphenol-modified proteins with histones formed aggregates and exerted a protective effect against histone-mediated cytotoxicity toward endothelial cells. These findings demonstrated that histones are one of the major targets of polyphenol-modified proteins and provide important insights into the chemoprotective functions of dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masanori Itakura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Mona Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Sei-Young Lim
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, CREST, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Ghosh A, Pawar AB, Chirmade T, Jathar SM, Bhambure R, Sengupta D, Giri AP, Kulkarni MJ. Investigation of the Captopril-Insulin Interaction by Mass Spectrometry and Computational Approaches Reveals that Captopril Induces Structural Changes in Insulin. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23115-23126. [PMID: 35847342 PMCID: PMC9280767 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications remarkably regulate proteins' biological function. Small molecules such as reactive thiols, metabolites, and drugs may covalently modify the proteins and cause structural changes. This study reports the covalent modification and noncovalent interaction of insulin and captopril, an FDA-approved antihypertensive drug, through mass spectrometric and computation-based approaches. Mass spectrometric analysis shows that captopril modifies intact insulin, reduces it into its "A" and "B" chains, and covalently modifies them by forming adducts. Since captopril has a reactive thiol group, it might reduce the insulin dimer or modify it by reacting with cysteine residues. This was proven with dithiothreitol treatment, which reduced the abundance of captopril adducts of insulin A and B chains and intact Insulin. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric analysis identified the modification of a total of four cysteine residues, two in each of the A and B chains of insulin. These modifications were identified to be Cys6 and Cys7 of the A chain and Cys7 and Cys19 of the B chain. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that captopril may simultaneously modify the cysteine residues of intact insulin or its subunits A and B chains. Biophysical studies involving light scattering and thioflavin T assay suggested that the binding of captopril to the protein leads to the formation of aggregates. Docking and molecular dynamics studies provided insights into the noncovalent interactions and associated structural changes in insulin. This work is a maiden attempt to understand the detailed molecular interactions between captopril and insulin. These findings suggest that further investigations are required to understand the long-term effect of drugs like captopril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ghosh
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aiswarya B. Pawar
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Tejas Chirmade
- Chemical
Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Swaraj M. Jathar
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rahul Bhambure
- Chemical
Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durba Sengupta
- Physical
and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahesh J. Kulkarni
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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6
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Jen HH, Kafeenah H, Chang TY, Lin YM, Shan YS, Wu CH, Chen SH. Quantification of the Endogenous Adduction Level on Hemoglobin and Correlation with Albumin Adduction via Proteomics: Multiple Exposure Markers of Catechol Estrogen. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4248-4257. [PMID: 34406011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Catechol estrogens (CEs) are genotoxic metabolites whose detection is challenging due to their low concentrations and high variability in the blood. By intact protein and free CE measurement of the spiked hemolysate, endogenous CEs were revealed to mainly (>99%) exist as hemoglobin (Hb) adducts in red blood cells. In order to detect endogenous CE-Hb adducts, we developed a two-step method that involved protein precipitation and solid phase extraction to purify Hb from red blood cells, and the method was coupled with proteomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Using bottom-up proteomics and standard additions, we identified C93 and C112 of Hb-β as the main adduction sites of Hb, and this accounted for CE-induced oxidization of adducted peptides by sample preparation. The non-adducted, adducted, and oxidized tryptic peptides that covered the same Hb-β sequences were targeted by parallel reaction monitoring to determine the adduction level in red blood cells. A quantification limit (S/N < 8) below the endogenous CE-Hb adduction level with relative standard errors that ranged from 5 to 22% was achieved and applied to clinical samples. The human serum albumin (HSA) adduction levels from the same patient were also determined using a previously developed method (Anal. Chem. 2019, 91, 15922-15931). A positive correlation (R2 = 0.673) between the CE-HSA and CE-Hb adduction level was obtained from all clinical samples, and both levels were significantly (p < 0.005) higher for patients with breast cancer compared to healthy controls. However, double indexes derived from the red blood cell and the serum, respectively, provide higher precision and confidence in predicting cancer risk than the single index. This study reported an efficient sample preparation for proteomics-based Hb adducts and revealed the potential of using multiple blood proteins for developing more reliable and specific markers based on protein adductomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsiang Jen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Husam Kafeenah
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yao Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Department of Surgical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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7
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Knezevic S, Ghafoor A, Mehri S, Barazi A, Dziura M, Trant JF, Dieni CA. Catechin and other catechol-containing secondary metabolites: Bacterial biotransformation and regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Do QT, Huang TE, Liu YC, Tai JH, Chen SH. Identification of Cytosolic Protein Targets of Catechol Estrogens in Breast Cancer Cells Using a Click Chemistry-Based Workflow. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:624-633. [PMID: 32951420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Catechol estrogens (CEs) are known to be toxic metabolites and the initiators of the oncogenesis of breast cancers via forming covalent adducts with DNAs. CEs shall also react with proteins, but their cellular protein targets remain unexplored. Here, we reported the identification of protein targets of CEs in the soluble cytosol of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells by multiple comparative proteomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with an improved click chemistry-based workflow. Multiple comparative proteomics composed of an experimental pair (probe versus solvent) and two control pairs (solvent versus solvent and probe versus solvent without enrichment) were studied using stable isotope dimethyl labeling. The use of 4-hydroxyethynylestradiol (4OHEE2) probe with an amide-free linker coupled with on-bead digestion and redigestion of the proteins cleaved from the beads was shown to greatly improve the recovery and identification of CE-adducted peptides. A total of 310 protein targets and 40 adduction sites were repeatedly (n ≥ 2) identified with D/H (probe/solvent) ratio >4 versus only one identified with D/H >4 from the two control pairs, suggesting that our workflow imposes only a very low background. Meanwhile, multiple comparative D/H ratios revealed that CEs may downregulate many target proteins involved in the metabolism or detoxification, suggesting a negative correlation between CE-induced adduction and expression of proteins acting on the alleviation of stress-induced cellular damages. The reported method and data will provide opportunities to study the progression of estrogen metabolism-derived diseases and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh-Trang Do
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-En Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsiang Tai
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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9
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Khan WA, Malik A, Khan MWA. Depression linked to higher antibodies production against estrogenized insulin in type 1 diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Estrogenization of insulin by catecholestrogen produced high affinity autoantibodies and altered the normal function of insulin in type 1 diabetes. Life Sci 2020; 256:117910. [PMID: 32504753 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin (Ins) covalently modified by catecholestrogens (CEs) was commonly found in diabetic patients who have developed insulin resistance. Estrogenization of insulin altered its molecular function and effect carbohydrates metabolisms in these patients. Insulin resistance is a common phenomenon in diabetes but the exact mechanism remains unknown. In this study, binding specificity and affinity of autoantibodies against estrogenized insulin (4-hydroxyestradiol-insulin; 4-OHE2-Ins) were assayed in the serum of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients in order to explain the phenomena behind insulin resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specificity and affinity of autoantibodies from the sera of 66 T1D patients and 41 controls were analyzed by direct binding, competition ELISA and quantitative precipitin titration. Insulin was also estimated in the serum of T1D patients by ELISA. KEY FINDING Estrogenized insulin (4-OHE2-Ins) exhibited high affinity and specificity to T1D autoantibodies in comparison to Ins (p < .05) or 4-OHE2 (p < .001). Estrogenization of insulin alters its interaction with the insulin receptor (IR). The affinity constant of 4-OHE2-Ins with the T1D autoantibodies was found to be 1.41 × 10-7 M. SIGNIFICANCE Estrogenization of insulin by catecholestrogen makes these molecules highly antigenic and produced high-affinity autoantibodies in T1D patients. As a result, patients develop insulin resistance and presented this molecule as a potential biomarker for T1D.
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11
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Huang YS, Lin YM, Chen H, Wu CH, Syu CH, Huang TE, Do QT, Chen SH. Targeting Endogenous Adduction Level of Serum Albumin by Parallel Reaction Monitoring via Standard Additions and Intact Protein Measurement: Biological Dosimetry of Catechol Estrogens. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15922-15931. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Hua Syu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-En Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Quynh-Trang Do
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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12
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Chen SH, Li CW. Detection and Characterization of Catechol Quinone-Derived Protein Adducts Using Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry. Front Chem 2019; 7:571. [PMID: 31497592 PMCID: PMC6712063 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The catechol quinone (CQ) motif is present in many biologically relevant molecules throughout endogenous metabolic products, foods, drugs, and environmental pollutants. The CQ derivatives may undergo Michael addition, and has been shown to yield covalent bonds with nucleophilic sites of cysteine, lysine, or histidine residue of proteins. The CQ-adducted proteins may exhibit cytotoxicity or biological functions different from their un-adducted forms. Identification, characterization, and quantification of relevant protein targets are essential but challenging goals. Mass spectrometry (MS) is well-suited for the analysis of proteins and protein modifications. Technical development of bottom-up proteomics has greatly advanced the field of biomolecular MS, including protein adductomics. This mini-review focuses on the use of biomolecular MS in (1) structural and functional characterization of CQ adduction on standards of proteins, (2) identification of endogenous adduction targets, and (3) quantification of adducted blood proteins as exposure index. The reactivity and outcome of CQ adduction are discussed with emphases on endogenous species, such as dopamine and catechol estrogens. Limitations and advancements in sample preparation, MS instrumentation, and software to facilitate protein adductomics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Liu CC, Ho PC, Lee IT, Chen YA, Chu CH, Teng CC, Wu SN, Sze CI, Chiang MF, Chang NS. WWOX Phosphorylation, Signaling, and Role in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:563. [PMID: 30158849 PMCID: PMC6104168 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Homozygous null mutation of tumor suppressor WWOX/Wwox gene leads to severe neural diseases, metabolic disorders and early death in the newborns of humans, mice and rats. WWOX is frequently downregulated in the hippocampi of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In vitro analysis revealed that knockdown of WWOX protein in neuroblastoma cells results in aggregation of TRAPPC6AΔ, TIAF1, amyloid β, and Tau in a sequential manner. Indeed, TRAPPC6AΔ and TIAF1, but not tau and amyloid β, aggregates are present in the brains of healthy mid-aged individuals. It is reasonable to assume that very slow activation of a protein aggregation cascade starts sequentially with TRAPPC6AΔ and TIAF1 aggregation at mid-ages, then caspase activation and APP de-phosphorylation and degradation, and final accumulation of amyloid β and Tau aggregates in the brains at greater than 70 years old. WWOX binds Tau-hyperphosphorylating enzymes (e.g., GSK-3β) and blocks their functions, thereby supporting neuronal survival and differentiation. As a neuronal protective hormone, 17β-estradiol (E2) binds WWOX at an NSYK motif in the C-terminal SDR (short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase) domain. In this review, we discuss how WWOX and E2 block protein aggregation during neurodegeneration, and how a 31-amino-acid zinc finger-like Zfra peptide restores memory loss in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Chuan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chuan Ho
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuan Teng
- Department of Nursing, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Wu
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Sze
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fu Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Shan Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, NY, United States.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liang HC, Liu YC, Chen H, Ku MC, Do QT, Wang CY, Tzeng SF, Chen SH. In Situ Click Reaction Coupled with Quantitative Proteomics for Identifying Protein Targets of Catechol Estrogens. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2590-2599. [PMID: 29897771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Catechol estrogens (CEs) are metabolic electrophiles that actively undergo covalent interaction with cellular proteins, influencing molecular function. There is no feasible method to identify their binders in a living system. Herein, we developed a click chemistry-based approach using ethinylestradiol (EE2) as the precursor probe coupled with quantitative proteomics to identify protein targets of CEs and classify their binding strengths. Using in situ metabolic conversion and click reaction in liver microsomes, CEs-protein complex was captured by the probe, digested by trypsin, stable isotope labeled via reductive amination, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). A total of 334 liver proteins were repeatedly identified ( n ≥ 2); 274 identified proteins were classified as strong binders based on precursor mass mapping. The binding strength was further scaled by D/H ratio (activity probe/solvent): 259 strong binders had D/H > 5.25; 46 weak binders had 5.25 > D/H > 1; 5 nonspecific binders (keratins) had D/H < 1. These results were confirmed using spiked covalent control (strong binder) and noncovalent control (weak binder), as well as in vitro testing of cytochrome c (D/H = 5.9), which showed covalent conjugation with CEs. Many identified strong binders, such as glutathione transferase, catechol-O-methyl transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and cytochrome c, are involved in cellular redox processes or detoxification activities. CE conjugation was shown to suppress the superoxide oxidase activity of cytochrome c, suggesting that CEs modification may alter the redox action of cellular proteins. Due to structural similarity and inert alkyne group, EE2 probe is very likely to capture protein targets of CEs in general. Thus, this strategy can be adopted to explore the biological impact of CEs modification in living systems.
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Kato Y, Suga N. Covalent adduction of endogenous and food-derived quinones to a protein: its biological significance. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 62:213-220. [PMID: 29892159 PMCID: PMC5990407 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many chemically reactive compounds, including quinone, in living systems and also food. Even after the ingestion of food polyphenols, quinones derived from catechol moieties could form endogenously in the body. Dopaquinone, dopamine quinone, estrogen-derived quinones, tryptamine-4,5-dione, and ubiquinone are examples of an endogenous quinone. These indicate that quinone is ubiquitously formed or present in living systems and food. Quinones can induce a variety of hazardous effects and also could have beneficial physiological effects. This review focuses on the chemical reactivity of quinone toward a biomolecule and its biological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Kato
- Laboratory of Free Radical and Food Function, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan.,Research Institute of Food and Nutrition, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan
| | - Naoko Suga
- Laboratory of Free Radical and Food Function, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan
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Watanabe K, Ohshima T. Bioconjugation with Thiols by Benzylic Substitution. Chemistry 2018; 24:3959-3964. [PMID: 29457301 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A benzylic substitution of 3-indolyl(hydroxyl)acetate derivatives with thiols proceeded specifically in the presence of amino, carboxy, and phosphate groups in weakly acidic aqueous solutions under nearly physiological condition, while no reaction occurred at pH over 7. Kinetic studies revealed that the reaction followed second-order kinetics (first-order in the reactant and first-order in thiol) in contrast with the SN 1 mechanism of common benzylic substitution of alcohols. The utility of the present method for functionalization of biomacromolecules was demonstrated using several model proteins, such as lysozyme, insulin, trypsin, and serum albumin. The catalytic bioactivity of lysozyme in lysis of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells was completely retained after the modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Huang Y, Yang Z, Xu H, Zhang P, Gao Z, Li H. Insulin enhances the peroxidase activity of heme by forming heme-insulin complex: Relevance to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:1009-1015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ohata J, Ball ZT. Ascorbate as a pro-oxidant: mild N-terminal modification with vinylboronic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1622-1625. [PMID: 28094358 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09955f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe divergent reactivity of vinylboronic acids for protein modification. In addition to previously reported copper-catalyzed backbone N-H modification, ascorbate in air mediates N-terminal functionalization with the same vinylboronate reagents. This mild and selective aqueous reactivity enables selective single-modification of the B chain of human insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ohata
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas, USA.
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