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Cai W, Huang H, Li Z, Li X, Fan J, Zhang S, Feng G, Chen J. Compact Fluorescence Spectrometer with Built-In In-Line Calibration: Application to Detect Dissolved Organic Matter in Water. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14228-14234. [PMID: 37699407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectrometer (FS) is widely used for component analysis because each fluorescing material has its own characteristic spectrum. However, the spectral calibration is complicated and bulky. Herein, an in-line spectral calibration sheet (ISCS) was proposed in which a narrow band-pass filter and a linear variable filter (LVF) were integrated on a metal plate. By moving the ISCS, the transmitted excitation light power (TEP) as well as fluorescence spectrum can be seamlessly scanned, and the TEP can be used for in-line spectral calibration. A compact FS apparatus based on UV-LED excitation, metal capillary (MC) and ISCS was fabricated (i.e., ISCS-FS), and the ISCS-FS apparatus was applied to detect sodium humate in water. By employing TEP calibration, both the primary inner filter effect (PIFE) and the drift in the optical power of UV-LED can be simultaneously compensated. The linear correlation coefficient of signal concentration was improved from 0.89 to 0.998, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of replicated detection was improved from 3 to 0.7%. A detection limit of concentration (DLC) of 1.3 μg/L was realized, which is 15-fold lower than that of a commercial FS apparatus (20 μg/L). The DLC is even comparable with that (0.5-4 μg/L) of commercial total organic carbon (TOC) analyzers, which are bulky and expensive. The linear correlation between the measurement results of ISCS-FS and commercial TOC analyzers can reach a good value of 0.94.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Cai
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhaolin Li
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jianchao Fan
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of China, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of China, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guojin Feng
- National Institute of Metrology of China, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Electrical & Electronic Experimental Center, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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2
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Kobylinskiy A, Werner L, Kraus M, Hillmer H, Brunner R. Folded beam path architecture for highly efficient filter-based spectral sensors. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9996-10001. [PMID: 36606832 DOI: 10.1364/ao.475260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates a method to significantly enhance the detection efficiency of filter-based spectral sensors without the use of additional dichroic optics for spectral preselection. The fundamental principle is that light reflected from one interference filter or filter segment can be used consecutively, reducing the overall system losses. The proof-of-concept is presented using two compact optical modules. The first module uses 10 individual filters between 520 and 800 nm, and the second is capable of continuous spectrum acquisition between 450 and 825 nm using a linear variable filter (LVF) as a key element. An efficiency increase factor of up to approximately 100 compared to a common system, where the entire LVF is directly illuminated, was demonstrated.
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3
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Gao JJ, Chiu CW, Wen KH, Huang CS. A Compact Detection Platform Based on Gradient Guided-Mode Resonance for Colorimetric and Fluorescence Liquid Assay Detection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21082797. [PMID: 33921116 PMCID: PMC8071489 DOI: 10.3390/s21082797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a compact spectral detection system for common fluorescent and colorimetric assays. This system includes a gradient grating period guided-mode resonance (GGP-GMR) filter and charge-coupled device. In its current form, the GGP-GMR filter, which has a size of less than 2.5 mm, can achieve a spectral detection range of 500-700 nm. Through the direct measurement of the fluorescence emission, the proposed system was demonstrated to detect both the peak wavelength and its corresponding intensity. One fluorescent assay (albumin) and two colorimetric assays (albumin and creatinine) were performed to demonstrate the practical application of the proposed system for quantifying common liquid assays. The results of our system exhibited suitable agreement with those of a commercial spectrometer in terms of the assay sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). With the proposed system, the fluorescent albumin, colorimetric albumin, and colorimetric creatinine assays achieved LODs of 40.99 and 398 and 25.49 mg/L, respectively. For a wide selection of biomolecules in point-of-care applications, the spectral detection range achieved by the GGP-GMR filter can be further extended and the simple and compact optical path configuration can be integrated with a lab-on-a-chip system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jhong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (J.-J.G.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Ching-Wei Chiu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (J.-J.G.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Kuo-Hsing Wen
- Degree Program of Automation and Precision Engineering, College of Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Sheng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (J.-J.G.); (C.-W.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-5712121-55108
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4
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Tu HT, Jiang AQ, Chen JK, Lu WJ, Zang KY, Tang HQ, Yoshie O, Xiang XD, Lee YP, Zhao HB, Zheng YX, Wang SY, Guo J, Zhang RJ, Li J, Yang YM, Lynch WD, Chen LY. A coma-free super-high resolution optical spectrometer using 44 high dispersion sub-gratings. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1093. [PMID: 33441851 PMCID: PMC7806747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike the single grating Czerny-Turner configuration spectrometers, a super-high spectral resolution optical spectrometer with zero coma aberration is first experimentally demonstrated by using a compound integrated diffraction grating module consisting of 44 high dispersion sub-gratings and a two-dimensional backside-illuminated charge-coupled device array photodetector. The demonstrated super-high resolution spectrometer gives 0.005 nm (5 pm) spectral resolution in ultra-violet range and 0.01 nm spectral resolution in the visible range, as well as a uniform efficiency of diffraction in a broad 200 nm to 1000 nm wavelength region. Our new zero-off-axis spectrometer configuration has the unique merit that enables it to be used for a wide range of spectral sensing and measurement applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tian Tu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Qing Jiang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jian-Ke Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Jie Lu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Yan Zang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Qi Tang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, SUSTC, Shenzhen, China
| | - Osamu Yoshie
- Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiao-Dong Xiang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, SUSTC, Shenzhen, China
| | - Young-Pak Lee
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hai-Bin Zhao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Zheng
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-You Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Guo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Rong-Jun Zhang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Mei Yang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W D Lynch
- Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Liang-Yao Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Zhang S, Bin W, Xu B, Zheng X, Chen B, Lv X, San H, Hofmann W. Mixed-gas CH 4/CO 2/CO detection based on linear variable optical filter and thermopile detector array. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:348. [PMID: 31768694 PMCID: PMC6877684 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a middle-infrared (MIR) linear variable optical filter (LVOF) and thermopile detectors that will be used in a miniaturized mixed gas detector for CH4/CO2/CO measurement. The LVOF was designed as a tapered-cavity Fabry-Pérot optical filter, which can transform the MIR continuous spectrum into multiple narrow band-pass spectra with peak wavelength in linear variation. Multi-layer dielectric structures were used to fabricate the Bragg reflectors on the both sides of tapered cavity as well as the antireflective film combined with the function of out-of-band rejection. The uncooled thermopile detectors were designed and fabricated as a multiple-thermocouple suspension structure using micro-electro-mechanical system technology. Experimentally, the LVOF exhibits a mean full-width-at-half-maximum of 400 nm and mean peak transmittance of 70% at the wavelength range of 2.3~5 μm. The thermopile detectors exhibit a responsivity of 146 μV/°C at the condition of room temperature. It is demonstrated that the detectors can achieve the quantification and identification of CH4/CO2/CO mixed gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoda Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Wu Bin
- Shenzhen MEMS-Frontier Electronics Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Binbin Xu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xingyu Zheng
- Shenzhen MEMS-Frontier Electronics Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Haisheng San
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Werner Hofmann
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Technical University of Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Jiang AQ, Zang KY, Tu HT, Chen JK, Lu WJ, Yoshie O, Wang XP, Xiang XD, Lee YP, Chen B, Zheng YX, Wang SY, Zhao HB, Yang YM, Chen LY. Ultrahigh-resolution spectrometer based on 19 integrated gratings. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10211. [PMID: 31308474 PMCID: PMC6629848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical spectrometers play a key role in acquiring rich photonic information in both scientific research and a wide variety of applications. In this work, we present a new spectrometer with an ultrahigh resolution of better than 0.012 nm/pixel in the 170–600 nm spectral region using a grating-integrated module that consists of 19 subgratings without any moving parts. By using two-dimensional (2D) backsideilluminated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BSI-CMOS) array detector technology with 2048 × 2048 pixels, a high data acquisition speed of approximately 25 spectra per second is achieved. The physical photon-sensing size of the detector along the one-dimensional wavelength direction is enhanced by a factor of 19 to approximately 428 mm, or 38912 pixels, to satisfy the requirement of seamless connection between two neighboring subspectral regions without any missing wavelengths throughout the entire spectral region. As tested with a mercury lamp, the system has advanced performance capabilities characterized by the highest k parameter reported to date, being approximately 3.58 × 104, where k = (working wavelength region)/(pixel resolution). Data calibration and analysis as well as a method of reducing background noise more efficiently are also discussed. The results presented in this work will stimulate further research on precision spectrometers based on advanced BSI-CMOS array detectors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Qing Jiang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kai-Yan Zang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Tian Tu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ke Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Jie Lu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Osamu Yoshie
- Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, SUSTC, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Xiang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, SUSTC, Shenzhen, China
| | - Young-Pak Lee
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yu-Xiang Zheng
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-You Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Bin Zhao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Mei Yang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang-Yao Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Abstract
Until very recently, handheld spectrometers were the domain of major analytical and security instrument companies, with turnkey analyzers using spectroscopic techniques from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for elemental analysis (metals), to Raman, mid-infrared, and near-infrared (NIR) for molecular analysis (mostly organics). However, the past few years have seen rapid changes in this landscape with the introduction of handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), smartphone spectroscopy focusing on medical diagnostics for low-resource areas, commercial engines that a variety of companies can build up into products, hyphenated or dual technology instruments, low-cost visible-shortwave NIR instruments selling directly to the public, and, most recently, portable hyperspectral imaging instruments. Successful handheld instruments are designed to give answers to non-scientist operators; therefore, their developers have put extensive resources into reliable identification algorithms, spectroscopic libraries or databases, and qualitative and quantitative calibrations. As spectroscopic instruments become smaller and lower cost, "engines" have emerged, leading to the possibility of being incorporated in consumer devices and smart appliances, part of the Internet of Things (IOT). This review outlines the technologies used in portable spectroscopy, discusses their applications, both qualitative and quantitative, and how instrument developers and vendors have approached giving actionable answers to non-scientists. It outlines concerns on crowdsourced data, especially for heterogeneous samples, and finally looks towards the future in areas like IOT, emerging technologies for instruments, and portable hyphenated and hyperspectral instruments.
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8
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Zang KY, Yao Y, Hu ET, Jiang AQ, Zheng YX, Wang SY, Zhao HB, Yang YM, Yoshie O, Lee YP, Lynch DW, Chen LY. A High-Performance Spectrometer with Two Spectral Channels Sharing the Same BSI-CMOS Detector. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12660. [PMID: 30139954 PMCID: PMC6107652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical spectrometers play an important role in modern scientific research. In this work, we present a two-channel spectrometer with a pixel resolution of better than 0.1 nm/pixel in the wavelength range of 200 to 950 nm and an acquisition speed of approximately 25 spectra per second. The spectrometer reaches a high k factor which characterizes the spectral performance of the spectrometer as k = (working wavelength region)/(pixel resolution) = 7500. Instead of using mechanical moving parts in traditional designs, the spectrometer consists of 8 integrated sub-gratings for diffracting and imaging two sets of 4-folded spectra on the upper and lower parts, respectively, of the focal plane of a two-dimensional backside-illuminated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BSI-CMOS) array detector, which shows a high peak quantum efficiency of approximately 90% at 400 nm. In addition to the advantage of being cost-effective, the compact design of the spectrometer makes it advantageous for applications in which it is desirable to use the same two-dimensional array detector to simultaneously measure multiple spectra under precisely the same working conditions to reduce environmental effects. The performance of the finished spectrometer is tested and confirmed with an Hg-Ar lamp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yan Zang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Er-Tao Hu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Qing Jiang
- Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yu-Xiang Zheng
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-You Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Bin Zhao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Mei Yang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Osamu Yoshie
- Graduate School of IPS, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Young-Pak Lee
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - David W Lynch
- Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Liang-Yao Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Aguirre MÁ, Long KD, Canals A, Cunningham BT. Point-of-use detection of ascorbic acid using a spectrometric smartphone-based system. Food Chem 2018; 272:141-147. [PMID: 30309524 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and portable analytical methodology has been developed for ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) quantification from aqueous samples using a spectrometric smartphone-based system for the first time. The method employs point-of-use approaches both for sample preparation and sample measurement, demonstrating the capability for mobile quality control of pharmaceutical and food products. Our approach utilizes an oxidation-reduction reaction between ascorbic acid and methylene blue, followed by a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) to extract the aqueous-phase methylene blue into organic media. Then, a back-extraction procedure is employed to transfer the methylene blue to aqueous media, followed by analysis of the sample's absorption spectrum using the spectrometric smartphone-based system. The DLLME and back-extraction procedures are optimized by use of a two-step multivariate optimization strategy. Finally, vitamin C supplements and orange juice are used as real-world samples to assess the applicability of the smartphone-based method, which is successfully compared with the standard laboratory-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Aguirre
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science and University Institute of Materials, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Kenneth D Long
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Antonio Canals
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science and University Institute of Materials, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Brian T Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States.
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10
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Chen W, Yu H, Sun F, Ornob A, Brisbin R, Ganguli A, Vemuri V, Strzebonski P, Cui G, Allen KJ, Desai SA, Lin W, Nash DM, Hirschberg DL, Brooks I, Bashir R, Cunningham BT. Mobile Platform for Multiplexed Detection and Differentiation of Disease-Specific Nucleic Acid Sequences, Using Microfluidic Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Smartphone Detection. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11219-11226. [PMID: 28819973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
New tools are needed to enable rapid detection, identification, and reporting of infectious viral and microbial pathogens in a wide variety of point-of-care applications that impact human and animal health. We report the design, construction, and characterization of a platform for multiplexed analysis of disease-specific DNA sequences that utilizes a smartphone camera as the sensor in conjunction with a hand-held "cradle" that interfaces the phone with a silicon-based microfluidic chip embedded within a credit-card-sized cartridge. Utilizing specific nucleic acid sequences for four equine respiratory pathogens as representative examples, we demonstrated the ability of the system to utilize a single 15 μL droplet of test sample to perform selective positive/negative determination of target sequences, including integrated experimental controls, in approximately 30 min. Our approach utilizes loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reagents predeposited into distinct lanes of the microfluidic chip, which when exposed to target nucleic acid sequences from the test sample, generates fluorescent products that when excited by appropriately selected light emitting diodes (LEDs), are visualized and automatically analyzed by a software application running on the smartphone microprocessor. The system achieves detection limits comparable to those obtained by laboratory-based methods and instruments. Assay information is combined with the information from the cartridge and the patient to populate a cloud-based database for epidemiological reporting of test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hojeong Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Fu Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Akid Ornob
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ryan Brisbin
- Center for Urban Waters & The School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma , Tacoma, Washington 98402, United States
| | - Anurup Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Vinay Vemuri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Piotr Strzebonski
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Guangzhe Cui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Karen J Allen
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Smit A Desai
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Weiran Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David M Nash
- Private veterinary practice , Lexington, Kentucky 40509, United States
| | - David L Hirschberg
- Center for Urban Waters & The School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma , Tacoma, Washington 98402, United States.,Readiness Acceleration and Innovation Network , Tacoma, Washington 98402, United States
| | - Ian Brooks
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Brian T Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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