1
|
Dai C, Lin B, Xing X, Liu JS. A Scale-free Approach for False Discovery Rate Control in Generalized Linear Models. J Am Stat Assoc 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2023.2165930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Buyu Lin
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech
| | - Jun S. Liu
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sulon SM, Benovic JL. Targeting G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) to G protein-coupled receptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 16:56-65. [PMID: 33718657 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) interact with three protein families following agonist binding: heterotrimeric G proteins, G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and arrestins. GRK-mediated phosphorylation of GPCRs promotes arrestin binding to uncouple the receptor from G protein, a process called desensitization, and for many GPCRs, arrestin binding also promotes receptor endocytosis and intracellular signaling. Thus, GRKs play a central role in modulating GPCR signaling and localization. Here we review recent advances in this field which include additional insight into how GRKs target GPCRs and bias signaling, and the development of specific inhibitors to dissect GRK function in model systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Sulon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Benovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li YL, Yao YX, Zhao YM, Di YQ, Zhao XF. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone counteracts insulin signaling via insulin receptor dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100318. [PMID: 33484713 PMCID: PMC7949120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor (INSR) binds insulin to promote body growth and maintain normal blood glucose levels. While it is known that steroid hormones such as estrogen and 20-hydroxyecdysone counteract insulin function, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this attenuation remain unclear. In the present study, using the agricultural pest lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera as a model, we proposed that the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) induces dephosphorylation of INSR to counteract insulin function. We observed high expression and phosphorylation of INSR during larval feeding stages that decreased during metamorphosis. Insulin upregulated INSR expression and phosphorylation, whereas 20E repressed INSR expression and induced INSR dephosphorylation in vivo. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B, encoded by Ptpn1) dephosphorylated INSR in vivo. PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) was critical for 20E-induced INSR dephosphorylation by maintaining the transcription factor Forkhead box O (FoxO) in the nucleus, where FoxO promoted Ptpn1 expression and repressed Insr expression. Knockdown of Ptpn1 using RNA interference maintained INSR phosphorylation, increased 20E production, and accelerated pupation. RNA interference of Insr in larvae repressed larval growth, decreased 20E production, delayed pupation, and accumulated hemolymph glucose levels. Taken together, these results suggest that a high 20E titer counteracts the insulin pathway by dephosphorylating INSR to stop larval growth and accumulate glucose in the hemolymph.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - You-Xiang Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Qin Di
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao XF. G protein-coupled receptors function as cell membrane receptors for the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:146. [PMID: 32907599 PMCID: PMC7488307 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cell membrane receptors for various ligands. Recent studies have suggested that GPCRs transmit animal steroid hormone signals. Certain GPCRs have been shown to bind steroid hormones, for example, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) binds estrogen in humans, and Drosophila dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor (DopEcR) binds the molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in insects. This review summarizes the research progress on GPCRs as animal steroid hormone cell membrane receptors, including the nuclear and cell membrane receptors of steroid hormones in mammals and insects, the 20E signaling cascade via GPCRs, termination of 20E signaling, and the relationship between genomic action and the nongenomic action of 20E. Studies indicate that 20E induces a signal via GPCRs to regulate rapid cellular responses, including rapid Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and influx from the extracellular medium, as well as rapid protein phosphorylation and subcellular translocation. 20E via the GPCR/Ca2+/PKC/signaling axis and the GPCR/cAMP/PKA-signaling axis regulates gene transcription by adjusting transcription complex formation and DNA binding activity. GPCRs can bind 20E in the cell membrane and after being isolated, suggesting GPCRs as cell membrane receptors of 20E. This review deepens our understanding of GPCRs as steroid hormone cell membrane receptors and the GPCR-mediated signaling pathway of 20E (20E-GPCR pathway), which will promote further study of steroid hormone signaling via GPCRs, and presents GPCRs as targets to explore new pharmaceutical materials to treat steroid hormone-related diseases or control pest insects. Video abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Penela P, Ribas C, Sánchez-Madrid F, Mayor F. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) as a multifunctional signaling hub. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4423-4446. [PMID: 31432234 PMCID: PMC6841920 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a versatile protein that acts as a signaling hub by modulating G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling and also via phosphorylation or scaffolding interactions with an extensive number of non-GPCR cellular partners. GRK2 multifunctionality arises from its multidomain structure and from complex mechanisms of regulation of its expression levels, activity, and localization within the cell, what allows the precise spatio-temporal shaping of GRK2 targets. A better understanding of the GRK2 interactome and its modulation mechanisms is helping to identify the GRK2-interacting proteins and its substrates involved in the participation of this kinase in different cellular processes and pathophysiological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petronila Penela
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Ribas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cell-Cell Communication Laboratory, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Mayor
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li YB, Li XR, Yang T, Wang JX, Zhao XF. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone promotes switching from autophagy to apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 79:73-86. [PMID: 27777042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy regulates cell survival (or cell death in several cases), whereas apoptosis regulates cell death. However, the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis and the regulative mechanism is unclear. We report that steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) promotes switching from autophagy to apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels in the midgut of the lepidopteran insect Helicoverpa armigera. Autophagy and apoptosis sequentially occurred during midgut programmed cell death under 20E regulation, in which lower concentrations of 20E induced microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-phosphatidylethanolamine (LC3-II, also known as autophagy-related gene 8, ATG8) expression and autophagy. High concentrations of 20E induced cleavage of ATG5 to NtATG5 and pro-caspase-3 to active caspase-3, which led to a switch from autophagy to apoptosis. Blocking autophagy by knockdown of ATG5, ATG7, or ATG12, or with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine, inhibited 20E-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Blocking apoptosis by using the apoptosis inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO did not prevent 20E-induced autophagy, suggesting that apoptosis relies on autophagy. ATG5 knockdown resulted in abnormal pupation and delayed pupation time. High concentrations of 20E induced high levels of intracellular Ca2+, NtATG5, and active caspase-3, which mediated the switch from autophagy to apoptosis. Blocking 20E-mediated increase of cellular Ca2+ caused a decrease of NtATG5 and active caspase-3 and repressed the transformation from autophagy to apoptosis, thereby promoting cell survival. 20E induces an increase in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+, thereby switching autophagic cell survival to apoptotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Bo Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xiang-Ru Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jin-Xing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| |
Collapse
|