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Del Campo VL, Morán JFO, Cagigal VM, Martín JM, Pagador JB, Hornero R. The use of the eye-fixation-related potential to investigate visual perception in professional domains with high attentional demand: a literature review. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:1849-1860. [PMID: 38157102 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07275-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visual attention is a cognitive skill related to visual perception and neural activity, and also moderated by expertise, in time-constrained professional domains (e.g., aviation, driving, sport, surgery). However, the contribution of both perceptual and neural processes on performance has been studied separately in the literature. DEVELOPMENT We defend an integration of visual and neural signals to offer a more complete picture of the visual attention displayed by professionals of different skill levels when performing free-viewing tasks. Specifically, we propose to zoom the analysis in data related to the quiet eye and P300 component jointly, as a novel signal processing approach to evaluate professionals' visual attention. CONCLUSION This review highlights the advantages of using portable eye trackers and electroencephalogram systems altogether, as a promising technique for a better understanding of early cognitive components related to attentional processes. Altogether, the eye-fixation-related potentials method may provide a better understanding of the cognitive mechanisms employed by the participants in natural settings, revealing what visual information is of interest for participants and distinguishing the neural bases of visual attention between targets and non-targets whenever they perceive a stimulus during free viewing experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Luis Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Aprendizaje y Control Motor, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de La Universidad, S/N, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
| | | | - Víctor Martínez Cagigal
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad de Valladolid, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación, Paseo Belén 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Biomedicina (CIBER-BBN), E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación, Paseo Belén 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Morenas Martín
- Laboratorio de Aprendizaje y Control Motor, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de La Universidad, S/N, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J Blas Pagador
- Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Ctra. N-521, Km. 41,8, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Roberto Hornero
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad de Valladolid, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación, Paseo Belén 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Biomedicina (CIBER-BBN), E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación, Paseo Belén 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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Ryan-Lortie J, Pelletier G, Pilgrim M, Fellows LK. Gaze differences in configural and elemental evaluation during multi-attribute decision-making. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1167095. [PMID: 37694112 PMCID: PMC10485368 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1167095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While many everyday choices are between multi-attribute options, how attribute values are integrated to allow such choices remains unclear. Recent findings suggest a distinction between elemental (attribute-by-attribute) and configural (holistic) evaluation of multi-attribute options, with different neural substrates. Here, we asked if there are behavioral or gaze pattern differences between these putatively distinct modes of multi-attribute decision-making. Methods Thirty-nine healthy men and women learned the monetary values of novel multi-attribute pseudo-objects (fribbles) and then made choices between pairs of these objects while eye movements were tracked. Value was associated with individual attributes in the elemental condition, and with unique combinations of attributes in the configural condition. Choice, reaction time, gaze fixation time on options and individual attributes, and within- and between-option gaze transitions were recorded. Results There were systematic behavioral differences between elemental and configural conditions. Elemental trials had longer reaction times and more between-option transitions, while configural trials had more within-option transitions. The effect of last fixation on choice was more pronounced in the configural condition. Discussion We observed differences in gaze patterns and the influence of last fixation location on choice in multi-attribute value-based choices depending on how value is associated with those attributes. This adds support for the claim that multi-attribute option values may emerge either elementally or holistically, reminiscent of similar distinctions in multi-attribute object recognition. This may be important to consider in neuroeconomics research that involve visually-presented complex objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Ryan-Lortie
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Pelletier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew Pilgrim
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lesley K. Fellows
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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