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Amaki E, Mahdavifar Z, Frapper G. Prediction of novel semi-conducting two-dimensional MX 2 phosphides and chalcogenides (M = Zn, Cd; X = P, S, Se) with 5-membered rings. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29506-29515. [PMID: 37889104 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04196d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials is a significant obstacle for contemporary materials science. Research in the field of 2D materials has mainly focused on materials possessing 6-membered rings, high symmetry, and isotropic features. The examination of 2D materials presenting 5-membered rings, low symmetry and anisotropic characteristics properties has received scarce attention. In this study, we employed evolutionary algorithms and heuristic approaches combined with first-principles calculations to predict penta-MX2 structures (M = Zn, Cd; X = P, S, Se). All selected 2D penta-MX2 phases are dynamically, thermodynamically, mechanically, and thermally stable. Further discussion focuses on their structural, bonding, electronic and optoelectronic features. Our HSE06 calculations reveal that the penta-MP2, ZnPS, and MSSe structures are semiconductors with a band gap of 0.80-3.08 eV. Conversely, the 2D penta-MPSe (M = Zn, Cd) and CdPS phases are metallic. We additionally note that penta β-ZnP2 and CdP2 display direct band gaps (1.39 eV and 1.18 eV, respectively), while the penta α-ZnP2, ZnPS, ZnSSe, α-CdSSe and β-CdSSe possess indirect band gaps. Remarkably, 2D pentagonal MP2 (M = Zn, Cd), MSSe (M = Zn, Cd) and ZnPS 2D monolayers exhibit substantial optical absorption (>105 cm-1) throughout a broad range of the visible light spectra. Our results for crystal structure prediction expand the 2D penta-family of phosphides and chalcogenides, and demonstrate the potential of 2D penta-MX2 materials for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Amaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Zabiollah Mahdavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Gilles Frapper
- Applied Quantum Chemistry group, IC2MP UMR 7285, Université de Poitiers, CNRS, 4, Rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106-86073, Cedex 9, Poitiers, France.
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2
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Li J, Liu Y, Yu L, Meng H, Gu J, Li F. Lithium stabilizes square-two-dimensional metal sheets: a computational exploration. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11770-11778. [PMID: 35920722 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02079c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the M4-square-containing M4Li2 (M = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Cu, Ag, Au, and Hg) clusters, we computationally designed two-dimensional (2D) M2Li sheets consisting of M4-square motifs. The four M2Li-I (M = Sb, Bi, Ag, and Au) monolayers with Li square sublayer sandwiched between two M square sublayers (P4/mmm space group) were confirmed to be stable (high cohesive energies, positive vibrational frequencies, moderate Young's moduli, and structural integrity during first-principles molecular dynamics simulations at 500 K), and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method identified these constructed monolayers as the global minima in the 2D space. The three M2Li-I (M = Sb, Bi, and Ag) monolayers demonstrated a half-auxetic behavior. Ag2Li-I could well activate CO2 and convert it into HCOOH by following the path * → *CO2 → *OCHO → *HCOOH → *+HCOOH. Particularly, Ag2Li-I shows great promise as an electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction as its limiting potential is as low as 0.40 (0.27) V without (with) considering the solvent effect. Our theoretical explorations reveal that lithium can stabilize the square metal monolayers, and the stable square binary metal sheets exhibit diverse mechanical and electrochemical properties, which can be used in the fields of mechanics and electrochemical catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Linke Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Haihong Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Jinxing Gu
- Department of Chemistry, The Institute for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Fengyu Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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Cheng Z, Zhang X, Zhang H, Liu H, Yu X, Dai X, Liu G, Chen G. Binary pentagonal auxetic materials for photocatalysis and energy storage with outstanding performances. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2041-2051. [PMID: 35076048 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08368f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of penta-graphene, two-dimensional (2-D) pentagonal-structured materials have been highly expected to have desirable performance because of their unique structures and accompanied physical properties. Hence, based on the first-principles calculations, we performed a systematical study on the structure, stability, mechanical and electronic properties, and potential applications on carbon-based pentagonal materials with binary compositions, namely, Penta-CnX6-n (n = 1, 2, 4, 5; X = B, N, Al, Si, P, Ga, Ge, As). We found that eleven out of thirty-two Penta-CnX6-n have good stability and can be further studied. Among them, two materials, namely, Penta-C4P2 and Penta-C5P are metallic, and others are indirect band gap semiconductors, whose band gaps calculated by the HSE06 functional are in the range of 1.37-6.43 eV, covering the infrared-visible-ultraviolet regions. Furthermore, we found that metallic Penta-CnX6-n can become promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) with high storage capacity, while some semiconducting Penta-CnX6-n can become excellent water splitting photocatalysts. In addition, Penta-C4P2 and Penta-C2Al4 were found to have obvious in-plane negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) of -0.083 and -0.077, respectively. More interestingly, we found that Penta-C2Al4 exhibits a peculiar in-plane half negative Poisson's ratio (H-NPR) with the fundamental mechanism clarified. These outstanding performances endow binary pentagonal materials with excellent application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Heyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xuefang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Guifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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Bykov M, Bykova E, Ponomareva AV, Tasnádi F, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB, Glazyrin K, Smith JS, Mahmood MF, Abrikosov IA, Goncharov AF. Realization of an Ideal Cairo Tessellation in Nickel Diazenide NiN 2: High-Pressure Route to Pentagonal 2D Materials. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13539-13546. [PMID: 34355559 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most of the studied two-dimensional (2D) materials are based on highly symmetric hexagonal structural motifs. In contrast, lower-symmetry structures may have exciting anisotropic properties leading to various applications in nanoelectronics. In this work we report the synthesis of nickel diazenide NiN2 which possesses atomic-thick layers comprised of Ni2N3 pentagons forming Cairo-type tessellation. The layers of NiN2 are weakly bonded with the calculated exfoliation energy of 0.72 J/m2, which is just slightly larger than that of graphene. The compound crystallizes in the space group of the ideal Cairo tiling (P4/mbm) and possesses significant anisotropy of elastic properties. The single-layer NiN2 is a direct-band-gap semiconductor, while the bulk material is metallic. This indicates the promise of NiN2 to be a precursor of a pentagonal 2D material with a tunable direct band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Bykov
- College of Arts and Science, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
- The Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. 20015, United States
| | - Elena Bykova
- College of Arts and Science, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Alena V Ponomareva
- Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ferenc Tasnádi
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Photon Sciences, Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jesse S Smith
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mohammad F Mahmood
- College of Arts and Science, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Igor A Abrikosov
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexander F Goncharov
- The Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. 20015, United States
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5
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Bravo S, Pacheco M, Nuñez V, Correa JD, Chico L. Two-dimensional Weyl points and nodal lines in pentagonal materials and their optical response. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6117-6128. [PMID: 33885603 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional pentagonal structures based on the Cairo tiling are the basis of a family of layered materials with appealing physical properties. In this work we present a theoretical study of the symmetry-based electronic and optical properties of these pentagonal materials. We provide a complete classification of the space groups that support pentagonal structures for binary and ternary systems. By means of first-principles calculations, the electronic band structures and the local spin textures in momentum space are analyzed for four examples of these materials, namely, PdSeTe, PdSeS, InP5 and GeBi2, all of which are dynamically stable. Our results show that pentagonal structures can be realized in chiral and achiral lattices with Weyl nodes pinned at high-symmetry points and nodal lines along the Brillouin zone boundary; these degeneracies are protected by the combined action of crystalline and time-reversal symmetries. Additionally, we computed the linear and nonlinear optical features of the proposed pentagonal materials and discuss some particular features such as the shift current, which shows an enhancement due to the presence of nodal lines and points, and their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bravo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
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Wang CT, Du S. A unique pentagonal network structure of the NiS2 monolayer with high stability and a tunable bandgap. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7483-7488. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00434k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NiS2 monolayer with an intriguing pentagonal ring network is stable up to 500 K based on density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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7
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Kuklin AV, Ågren H, Avramov PV. Structural stability of single-layer PdSe 2 with pentagonal puckered morphology and its nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8289-8295. [PMID: 32285892 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00979b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained a lot of attention being a new class of materials with unique properties that could influence future technologies. Concomitant computational design and discovery of new two-dimensional materials have therefore become a significant part of modern materials research. The stability of these predicted materials has emerged as the main issue due to drawbacks of the periodic boundary condition approximation that allow one to pass common criteria of stability. Here, based on first-principle calculations, we demonstrate structural stability and instability of several recently proposed 2D materials with pentagonal morphology including the experimentally exfoliated single-layer PdSe2. It is found that an appropriate orientation of the central Pd sublattice with respect to Se2 dimers effectively compensates all mechanical stress and preserves the planar structure of the PdSe2 nanoclusters, while the flakes of all other materials having pentagonal morphology exhibit non-zero curvature induced by excessive interatomic forces. The relative energies of the PdSe2 monolayer and nanotubes per formula unit also confirm that the planar monolayer is a global energy minimum. Like the monolayer, (n,0) PdSe2 tubes are indirect band gap semiconductors with similar band gaps, while (n,n) tubes reveal indirect-direct band gap transitions following the increase of the tube diameter. Small strain energies of large diameter tubes propose their possible experimental realization for various optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem V Kuklin
- Department of Science and Innovations, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia. and Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden and Federal Siberian Research Clinical Centre under FMBA of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, 660037, Russia and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pavel V Avramov
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
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8
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Wu D, Wang S, Zhang S, Liu Y, Ding Y, Yang B, Chen H. Stabilization of two-dimensional penta-silicene for flexible lithium-ion battery anodes via surface chemistry reconfiguration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1029-1037. [PMID: 30311925 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05008b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface chemistry reconfiguration is employed to acquire stable penta-silicene with tunable properties for use in flexible lithium-ion battery anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Wu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Shuaiwei Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Shouren Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Yibiao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Yingchun Ding
- College of Optoelectronics Technology
- Chengdu University of Information Technology
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Houyang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- State University of New York at Buffalo
- Buffalo
- New York 14260-4200
- USA
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Zhao K, Li X, Wang S, Wang Q. 2D planar penta-MN2 (M = Pd, Pt) sheets identified through structure search. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:246-251. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04851g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Planar penta-MN2 sheets are energetically more stable than pyrite MN2, and penta-PtN2 has higher carrier mobility than phosphorene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexian Zhao
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology
- College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Xiaoyin Li
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology
- College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Qian Wang
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology
- College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
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Liu S, Liu B, Shi X, Lv J, Niu S, Yao M, Li Q, Liu R, Cui T, Liu B. Two-dimensional Penta-BP 5 Sheets: High-stability, Strain-tunable Electronic Structure and Excellent Mechanical Properties. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2404. [PMID: 28546586 PMCID: PMC5445080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) crystals exhibit unique and exceptional properties and show promise for various applications. In this work, we systematically studied the structures of a 2D boronphosphide (BP) monolayer with different stoichiometric ratios (BPx, x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) and observed that each compound had a stable 2D structure with metallic or semiconducting electronic properties. Surprisingly, for the BP5 compounds, we discovered a rare penta-graphene-like 2D structure with a tetragonal lattice. This monolayer was a semiconductor with a quasi-direct band gap of 2.68 eV. More importantly, investigation of the strain effect revealed that small uniaxial strain can trigger the band gap of the penta-BP5 monolayer to transition from a quasi-direct to direct band gap, whereas moderate biaxial strain can cause the penta-BP5 to transform from a semiconductor into a metal, indicating the great potential of this material for nanoelectronic device applications based on strain-engineering techniques. The wide and tuneable band gap of monolayer penta-BP5 makes it more advantageous for high-frequency-response optoelectronic materials than the currently popular 2D systems, such as transition metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus. These unique structural and electronic properties of 2D BP sheets make them promising for many potential applications in future nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xuhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiayin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shifeng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Mingguang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Quanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China.
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Xiao B, Li YC, Yu XF, Cheng JB. Penta-graphene: A Promising Anode Material as the Li/Na-Ion Battery with Both Extremely High Theoretical Capacity and Fast Charge/Discharge Rate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:35342-35352. [PMID: 27977126 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a new two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotrope named penta-graphene was theoretically proposed ( Zhang , S. ; et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2015 , 112 , 2372 ) and has been predicted to be the promising candidate for broad applications due to its intriguing properties. In this work, by using first-principles simulation, we have further extended the potential application of penta-graphene as the anode material for a Li/Na-ion battery. Our results show that the theoretical capacity of Li/Na ions on penta-graphene reaches up to 1489 mAh·g-1, which is much higher than that of most of the previously reported 2D anode materials. Meanwhile, the calculated low open-circuit voltages (from 0.24 to 0.60 V), in combination with the low diffusion barriers (≤0.33 eV) and the high electronic conductivity during the whole Li/Na ions intercalation processes, further show the advantages of penta-graphene as the anode material. Particularly, molecular dynamics simulation (300 K) reveals that Li ion could freely diffuse on the surface of penta-graphene, and thus the ultrafast Li ion diffusivity is expected. Superior performance of penta-graphene is further confirmed by comparing with the other 2D anode materials. The light weight and unique atomic arrangement (with isotropic furrow paths on the surface) of penta-graphene are found to be mainly responsible for the high Li/Na ions storage capacity and fast diffusivity. In this regard, except penta-graphene, many other recently proposed 2D metal-free materials with pentagonal Cairo-tiled structures may be the potential candidates as the Li/Na-ion battery anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University , Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yan-Chun Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xue-Fang Yu
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University , Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jian-Bo Cheng
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University , Yantai 264005, China
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