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Zhang H, Bearup D, Barabás G, Fagan WF, Nijs I, Chen D, Liao J. Complex nonmonotonic responses of biodiversity to habitat destruction. Ecology 2023; 104:e4177. [PMID: 37782819 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
It has typically been assumed that habitat destruction, characterized by habitat loss and fragmentation, has consistently negative effects on biodiversity. While numerous empirical studies have shown the detrimental effects of habitat loss, debate continues as to whether habitat fragmentation has universally negative effects. To explore the effects of habitat fragmentation, we developed a simple model for site-occupancy dynamics in fragmented landscapes. With the model, we demonstrate that a competition-colonization trade-off can result in nonlinear oscillatory responses in biodiversity to both habitat loss and fragmentation. However, the overall pattern of habitat loss reducing species richness is still established, in line with empirical observations. Interestingly, the existence of localized oscillations in biodiversity can explain the mixed responses of species richness to habitat fragmentation per se observed in nature, thereby reconciling the debate on the fragmentation-diversity relationship. Therefore, this study offers a parsimonious mechanistic explanation for empirically observed biodiversity patterns in response to habitat destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - György Barabás
- Division of Theoretical Biology, Department IFM, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Institute of Evolution, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - William F Fagan
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ivan Nijs
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dongdong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinbao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Burt KG, Kim MKM, Viola DC, Abraham AC, Chahine NO. Nuclear Factor Kappa B Over-Activation in the Intervertebral Disc Leads to Macrophage Recruitment and Severe Disc Degeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.07.552274. [PMID: 37609194 PMCID: PMC10441339 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.07.552274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of global disability and is thought to be driven primarily by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (DD). Persistent upregulation of catabolic enzymes and inflammatory mediators have been associated with severe cases of DD. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a master transcription regulator of immune responses and is over expressed during inflammatory-driven musculoskeletal diseases, including DD. However, its role in triggering DD is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of NF-κB pathway over-activation on IVD integrity and DD pathology. Methods Using skeletally mature mouse model, we genetically targeted IVD cells for canonical NF-κB pathway activation via expression of a constitutively active form of inhibitor of κB kinase B (IKKβ), and assessed changes in IVD cellularity, structural integrity including histology, disc height, and extracellular matrix (ECM) biochemistry, biomechanics, expression of inflammatory, catabolic, and neurotropic mediators, and changes in macrophage subsets, longitudinally up to 6-months post activation. Results Prolonged NF-κB activation led to severe structural degeneration, with a loss of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and complete loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cellularity. Structural and compositional changes decreased IVD height and compressive mechanical properties with prolonged NF-κB activation. These alterations were accompanied by increases in gene expression of inflammatory molecules ( Il1b, Il6, Nos2 ), chemokines ( Mcp1 , Mif ), catabolic enzymes ( Mmp3, Mmp9, Adamts4 ), and neurotrophic factors ( Bdnf , Ngf ) within IVD tissue. Increased recruitment of activated F4/80 + macrophages exhibited a greater abundance of pro-inflammatory (CD38 + ) over inflammatory-resolving (CD206 + ) macrophage subsets in the IVD, with temporal changes in the relative abundance of macrophage subsets over time, providing evidence for temporal regulation of macrophage polarization in DD in vivo, where macrophages participate in resolving the inflammatory cascade but promote fibrotic transformation of the IVD matrix. We further show that NF-κB driven secretory factors from IVD cells increase macrophage migration and inflammatory activation, and that the secretome of inflammatory-resolving macrophages mitigates effects of NF-κB overactivation. Conclusion Overall the observed results suggest prolonged NF-κB activation can induce severe DD, acting through increases in inflammatory cytokines, chemotactic proteins, catabolic enzymes, and the recruitment and inflammatory activation of a macrophage cell populations, that can be mitigated with inflammatory-resolving macrophage secretome.
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Kheradmandi M, Farnoud AM, Burdick MM. Development of Cell-Derived Plasma Membrane Vesicles as a Nanoparticle Encapsulation and Delivery System. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.06.552132. [PMID: 37609185 PMCID: PMC10441347 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.06.552132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Developing non-invasive delivery platforms with a high level of structural and/or functional similarity to biological membranes is highly desirable to reduce toxicity and improve targeting capacity of nanoparticles. Numerous studies have investigated the impacts of physicochemical properties of engineered biomimetic nanoparticles on their interaction with cells, yet technical difficulties have led to the search for better biomimetics, including vesicles isolated directly from live cells. Cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs), in particular, offer a close approximation of the intact cell plasma membrane by maintaining the latter's compositional complexity, protein positioning in a fluid-mosaic pattern, and physical and mechanical properties. Thus, to overcome technical barriers of prior nanoparticle delivery approaches, we aimed to develop a novel method using GPMVs to encapsulate a variety of engineered nanoparticles, then use these core-shell, nanoparticle-GPMV vesicle structures to deliver cargo to other cells. Results The GPMV system in this study was generated by chemically inducing vesiculation in A549 cells, a model human alveolar epithelial line. These cell-derived GPMVs retained encapsulated silica nanoparticles (50 nm diameter) for at least 48 hours at 37 °C. GPMVs showed nearly identical lipid and protein membrane profiles as the parental cell plasma membrane, with or without encapsulation of nanoparticles. Notably, GPMVs were readily endocytosed in the parental A549 cell line as well as the human monocytic THP-1 cell line. Higher cellular uptake levels were observed for GPMV-encapsulated nanoparticles compared to control groups, including free nanoparticles. Further, GPMVs delivered a variety of nanoparticles to parental cells with reduced cytotoxicity compared to free nanoparticles at concentrations that were otherwise significantly toxic. Conclusions We have introduced a novel technique to load nanoparticles within the cell plasma membrane during the GPMV vesiculation process. These GPMVs are capable of (a) encapsulating different types of nanoparticles (including larger and not highly-positively charged bodies that have been technically challenging cargoes) using a parental cell uptake technique, and (b) improving delivery of nanoparticles to cells without significant cytotoxicity. Ultimately, endogenous surface membrane proteins and lipids can optimize the physicochemical properties of cell membrane-derived vesicles, which could lead to highly effective cell membrane-based nanoparticle/drug delivery systems.
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4
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Catella SA, Abbott KC. Effects of abiotic heterogeneity on species densities and interaction strengths lead to different spatial biodiversity patterns. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During community assembly, abiotic factors can influence species at multiple stages during their life history, for example by affecting early settlement or establishment probabilities and thus initial densities (route 1: abiotic effects on density), or later by affecting the strength of biotic interactions during subsequent life stages (route 2: abiotic effects on interaction strengths). Since real abiotic landscapes are multivariate and complex, how these two distinct routes of abiotic influence affect community patterns has not been quantified. Using an individual-based spatially explicit simulation model, we compared scenarios where abiotic conditions shaped initial densities, interaction strengths, or both, of plant species with unique abiotic niches. We then partitioned the effect of the abiotic landscape on community patterns into components arising from variable density, variable interaction strengths, and their interaction. Even when plants responded to identical landscapes, variable density and variable interaction strengths led to different community patterns, and their combined effects were non-additive. Variable density promoted more spatial structure, while variable interaction strengths promoted higher local species richness. We highlight important implications these findings have in applied plant community ecology.
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5
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Jiabu D, Li W. Impact of different invasion methods of invasive species on omnivorous food webs. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Calleja-Solanas V, Khalil N, Gómez-Gardeñes J, Hernández-García E, Meloni S. Structured interactions as a stabilizing mechanism for competitive ecological communities. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:064307. [PMID: 36671121 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.064307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
How large ecosystems can create and maintain the remarkable biodiversity we see in nature is probably one of the biggest open questions in science, attracting attention from different fields, from theoretical ecology to mathematics and physics. In this context, modeling the stable coexistence of species competing for limited resources is a particularly challenging task. From a mathematical point of view, coexistence in competitive dynamics can be achieved when dominance among species forms intransitive loops. However, these relationships usually lead to species' relative abundances neutrally cycling without converging to a stable equilibrium. Although in recent years several mechanisms have been proposed, models able to explain species coexistence in competitive communities are still limited. Here we identify locality in the interactions as one of the simplest mechanisms leading to stable species coexistence. We consider a simplified ecosystem where individuals of each species lay on a spatial network and interactions are possible only between nodes within a certain distance. Varying such distance allows to interpolate between local and global competition. Our results demonstrate, within the scope of our model, that species coexist reaching a stable equilibrium when two conditions are met: individuals are embedded in space and can only interact with other individuals within a short distance. On the contrary, when one of these ingredients is missing, large oscillations and neutral cycles emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Calleja-Solanas
- Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC), CSIC-UIB, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Nagi Khalil
- Complex Systems Group & GISC, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes
- GOTHAM Lab., Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Center for Computational Social Science (CCSS), University of Kobe, 657-8501 Kobe, Japan
| | - Emilio Hernández-García
- Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC), CSIC-UIB, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sandro Meloni
- Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC), CSIC-UIB, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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7
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Saravia LA, Marina TI, Kristensen NP, De Troch M, Momo FR. Ecological network assembly: how the regional metaweb influences local food webs. J Anim Ecol 2021; 91:630-642. [PMID: 34951015 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1. Local food webs result from a sequence of colonisations and extinctions by species from the regional pool or metaweb, i.e., the assembly process. Assembly is theorised to be a selective process: whether or not certain species or network structures can persist is partly determined by local processes including habitat filtering and dynamical constraints. Consequently, local food web structure should reflect these processes. 2. The goal of this study was to test evidence for these selective processes by comparing the structural properties of real food webs to the expected distribution given the metaweb. We were particularly interested in ecological dynamics; if the network properties commonly associated with dynamical stability are indeed the result of stability constraints, then they should deviate from expectation in the direction predicted by theory. 3. To create a null expectation, we used the novel approach of randomly assembling model webs by drawing species and interactions from the empirical metaweb. The assembly model permitted colonisation and extinction, and required a consumer species to have at least one prey, but had no habitat type nor population dynamical constraints. Three data sets were used: (1) the marine Antarctic metaweb, with 2 local food-webs; (2) the 50 lakes of the Adirondacks; and (3) the arthropod community from Florida Keys' classic defaunation experiment. 4. Contrary to our expectations, we found that there were almost no differences between empirical webs and those resulting from the null assembly model. Few empirical food webs showed significant differences with network properties, motif representations and topological roles. Network properties associated with stability did not deviate from expectation in the direction predicted by theory. 5. Our results suggest that - for the commonly used metrics we considered - local food web structure is not strongly influenced by dynamical nor habitat restrictions. Instead, the structure is inherited from the metaweb. This suggests that the network properties typically attributed as causes or consequences of ecological stability are instead a by-product of the assembly process (i.e., spandrels), and may potentially be too coarse to detect the true signal of dynamical constraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo A Saravia
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento, J.M. Gutierrez 1159 (1613), Los Polvorines, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientíicas (CADIC-CONICET), Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - Tomás I Marina
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientíicas (CADIC-CONICET), Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - Nadiah P Kristensen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Marine Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fernando R Momo
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento, J.M. Gutierrez 1159 (1613), Los Polvorines, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Luján, CC 221, 6700, Luján, Argentina
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8
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Häussler J, Barabás G, Eklöf A. A Bayesian network approach to trophic metacommunities shows that habitat loss accelerates top species extinctions. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:1849-1861. [PMID: 32981202 PMCID: PMC7702078 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We develop a novel approach to analyse trophic metacommunities, which allows us to explore how progressive habitat loss affects food webs. Our method combines classic metapopulation models on fragmented landscapes with a Bayesian network representation of trophic interactions for calculating local extinction rates. This means that we can repurpose known results from classic metapopulation theory for trophic metacommunities, such as ranking the habitat patches of the landscape with respect to their importance to the persistence of the metacommunity as a whole. We use this to study the effects of habitat loss, both on model communities and the plant‐mammal Serengeti food web dataset as a case study. Combining straightforward parameterisability with computational efficiency, our method permits the analysis of species‐rich food webs over large landscapes, with hundreds or even thousands of species and habitat patches, while still retaining much of the flexibility of explicit dynamical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Häussler
- EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - György Barabás
- Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden.,MTA-ELTE Theoretical Biology and Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Anna Eklöf
- Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
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9
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Liao J, Xi X, Bearup D, Sun S. Metacommunity robustness of plant-fly-wasp tripartite networks with specialization to habitat loss. Ecology 2020; 101:e03071. [PMID: 32302011 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recent observations have found plant-species-specific fly-host selection (i.e., specialization) of wasp parasitoids (wasps) in plant-fly-wasp (P-F-W) tripartite networks, yet no study has explored the dynamical implications of such high-order specialization for the persistence of this network. Here we develop a patch-dynamic framework for a unique P-F-W tripartite network with specialization observed in eastern Tibetan Plateau and explore its metacommunity robustness to habitat loss. We show that specialization in parasitoidism promotes fly species diversity, while the richness of both plant and wasp decreases. Compared to other two null models, real network structure favors plant species coexistence but increases the extinction risk for both flies and wasps. However, these effects of specialization and network structure would be weakened and ultimately disappear with increasing habitat loss. Interestingly, intermediate levels of habitat loss can maximize the diversity of flies and wasps, while increasing or decreasing habitat loss results in more species losses, supporting intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Finally, we observe that high levels of habitat loss initiate a bottom-up cascade of species extinction from plants to both flies and wasps, resulting in a rapid collapse of the whole tripartite networks. Overall, this theoretical framework is the first attempt to characterize the dynamics of whole tripartite metacommunities interacting in realistic high-order ways, offering new insights into complex multipartite networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Liao
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, 330022, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinqiang Xi
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of Kent, Parkwood Road, Canterbury, CT2 7FS, United Kingdom
| | - Shucun Sun
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
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10
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Liao J, Bearup D, Fagan WF. The role of omnivory in mediating metacommunity robustness to habitat destruction. Ecology 2020; 101:e03026. [PMID: 32083738 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Omnivores have long been known to play an important role in determining the stability of ecological communities. Recent theoretical studies have suggested that they may also increase the resilience of their communities to habitat destruction, one of the major drivers of species extinctions globally. However, these outcomes were obtained for minimal food webs consisting of only a single omnivore and its prey species, while much more complex communities can be anticipated in nature. In this study, we undertake a systematic comparative analysis of the robustness of metacommunities containing various omnivory structures to habitat loss and fragmentation using a mathematical model. We observe that, in general, omnivores are better able to survive facing habitat destruction than specialist predators of similar trophic level. However, the community as a whole does not always benefit from the presence of omnivores, as they may drive their intraguild prey to extinction. We also analyze the frequency with which these modules occur in a set of empirical food webs, and demonstrate that variation in their rate of occurrence is consistent with our model predictions. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering the complete food web in which an omnivore is embedded, suggesting that future study should focus on more holistic community analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Liao
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of Kent, Parkwood Road, Canterbury, CT2 7FS, United Kingdom
| | - William F Fagan
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
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11
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Zhang H, Chen D, Ying Z, Zhang F, Liao J. Robustness of the pollination-herbivory system with high-order interactions to habitat loss. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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13
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Singer A, Bradter U, Fabritius H, Snäll T. Dating past colonization events to project future species distributions. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Singer
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ute Bradter
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Henna Fabritius
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tord Snäll
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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14
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Haoqi L, Guanghui L. RETRACTED: Biomass energy flow between species and species survival in fragmented landscapes. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Ying Z, Ge G, Liu Y. The effects of clonal integration on the responses of plant species to habitat loss and habitat fragmentation. Ecol Modell 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Liao J, Bearup D, Blasius B. Food web persistence in fragmented landscapes. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2017.0350. [PMID: 28724729 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat destruction, characterized by patch loss and fragmentation, is a key driver of biodiversity loss. There has been some progress in the theory of spatial food webs; however, to date, practically nothing is known about how patch configurational fragmentation influences multi-trophic food web dynamics. We develop a spatially extended patch-dynamic model for different food webs by linking patch connectivity with trophic-dependent dispersal (i.e. higher trophic levels displaying longer-range dispersal). Using this model, we find that species display different sensitivities to patch loss and fragmentation, depending on their trophic position and the overall food web structure. Relative to other food webs, omnivory structure significantly increases system robustness to habitat destruction, as feeding on different trophic levels increases the omnivore's persistence. Additionally, in food webs with a dispersal-competition trade-off between species, intermediate levels of habitat destruction can enhance biodiversity by creating refuges for the weaker competitor. This demonstrates that maximizing patch connectivity is not always effective for biodiversity maintenance, as in food webs containing indirect competition, doing so may lead to further species loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Liao
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, 330022 Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.,Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Blasius
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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17
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Xu Z, Shen Y, Liao J. Patch dynamics of various plant-animal interactions in fragmented landscapes. Ecol Modell 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Liao J, Bearup D, Blasius B. Diverse responses of species to landscape fragmentation in a simple food chain. J Anim Ecol 2017; 86:1169-1178. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Liao
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang China
- School of Geography and Environment; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- Animal and Plant Sciences (APS); University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg Germany
| | - Bernd Blasius
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg Germany
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19
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Pereira J, Saura S, Jordán F. Single‐node vs. multi‐node centrality in landscape graph analysis: key habitat patches and their protection for 20 bird species in
NE
Spain. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Pereira
- MTA Center for Ecological Research Danube Research Institute Karolina 29 1113 Budapest Hungary
| | - Santiago Saura
- European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) Directorate D: Sustainable Resources Via E. Fermi 2749 I‐21027 Ispra (VA) Italy
| | - Ferenc Jordán
- MTA Center for Ecological Research Danube Research Institute Karolina 29 1113 Budapest Hungary
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20
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Liao J, Bearup D, Wang Y, Nijs I, Bonte D, Li Y, Brose U, Wang S, Blasius B. Robustness of metacommunities with omnivory to habitat destruction: disentangling patch fragmentation from patch loss. Ecology 2017; 98:1631-1639. [PMID: 28369715 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Habitat destruction, characterized by patch loss and fragmentation, is a major driving force of species extinction, and understanding its mechanisms has become a central issue in biodiversity conservation. Numerous studies have explored the effect of patch loss on food web dynamics, but ignored the critical role of patch fragmentation. Here we develop an extended patch-dynamic model for a tri-trophic omnivory system with trophic-dependent dispersal in fragmented landscapes. We found that species display different vulnerabilities to both patch loss and fragmentation, depending on their dispersal range and trophic position. The resulting trophic structure varies depending on the degree of habitat loss and fragmentation, due to a tradeoff between bottom-up control on omnivores (dominated by patch loss) and dispersal limitation on intermediate consumers (dominated by patch fragmentation). Overall, we find that omnivory increases system robustness to habitat destruction relative to a simple food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Liao
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Daniel Bearup
- Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.,Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg, D-26111, Germany
| | - Yeqiao Wang
- Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Ivan Nijs
- Centre of Excellence Plant and Vegetation Ecology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Yuanheng Li
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 159, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Bernd Blasius
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg, D-26111, Germany
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