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Guazzi M, Novello G, Bursi F, Caretti A, Furlotti N, Arena R, Argiento P, Núñez J, Bayes-Genis A, Metra M. Biomarkers of lung congestion and injury in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 39118416 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) classification and management are primarily based on lung congestion and/or hypoperfusion. The quantification of the vascular and tissue lung damage is not standard practice though biomarkers of lung injury may play a relevant role in this context. Haemodynamic stress promotes alveolar and vascular derangement with loss of functional units, impaired lung capillary permeability and fluid swelling. This culminates in a remodelling process with activation of inflammatory and cytokines pathways. Four families of lung surfactant proteins (i.e., SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D), essential for the membrane biology and integrity are released by alveolar type II pneumocites. With deregulation of fluid handling and gas exchange pathways, SPs become sensitive markers of lung injury. We report the pathobiology of lung damage; the pathophysiological and clinical implications of alveolar SPs along with the newest evidence for some classical HF biomarkers that have also shown to reflect a vascular and/or a tissue lung-related activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Guazzi
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Novello
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bursi
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Caretti
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
- Division of Biochemistry, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Furlotti
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paola Argiento
- Department of Cardiology, University 'L Vanvitelli'-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Julio Núñez
- Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidda de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Marco Metra
- Spedali Civili, University of Brescia School of Medicine, Brescia, Italy
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2
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Fantini V, Ferrari RR, Bordoni M, Spampinato E, Pandini C, Davin A, Medici V, Gagliardi S, Guaita A, Pansarasa O, Cereda C, Poloni TE. Functional analysis and transcriptome profile of meninges and skin fibroblasts from human-aged donors. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13627. [PMID: 38421110 PMCID: PMC11294439 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is surrounded by three membranes called meninges. Specialised fibroblasts, originating from the mesoderm and neural crest, primarily populate the meninges and serve as a binding agent. Our goal was to compare fibroblasts from meninges and skin obtained from the same human-aged donors, exploring their molecular and cellular characteristics related to CNS functions. We isolated meningeal fibroblasts (MFs) from brain donors and skin fibroblasts (SFs) from the same subjects. A functional analysis was performed measuring cell appearance, metabolic activity, and cellular orientation. We examined fibronectin, serpin H1, β-III-tubulin, and nestin through qPCR and immunofluorescence. A whole transcriptome analysis was also performed to characterise the gene expression of MFs and SFs. MFs appeared more rapidly in the post-tissue processing, while SFs showed an elevated cellular metabolism and a well-defined cellular orientation. The four markers were mostly similar between the MFs and SFs, except for nestin, more expressed in MFs. Transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences, particularly in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) metabolism and response to forskolin, both of which are upregulated in MFs. This study highlights MFs' unique characteristics, including the timing of appearance, metabolic activity, and gene expression patterns, particularly in cAMP metabolism and response to forskolin. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of non-neuronal cells' involvement in CNS activities and potentially open avenues for therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fantini
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and NeurogeneticGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
| | | | - Matteo Bordoni
- Cellular Model and Neuroepigenetics UnitIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Eleonora Spampinato
- Cellular Model and Neuroepigenetics UnitIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
- Department of Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Cecilia Pandini
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics UnitIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Annalisa Davin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and NeurogeneticGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Neurology and NeuropathologyGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
| | - Stella Gagliardi
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics UnitIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Antonio Guaita
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and NeurogeneticGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
- Department of Neurology and NeuropathologyGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Cellular Model and Neuroepigenetics UnitIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of PediatricsBuzzi Children's HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Department of Neurology and NeuropathologyGolgi‐Cenci FoundationAbbiategrassoItaly
- Department of RehabilitationASP Golgi‐Redaelli Geriatric HospitalAbbiategrassoItaly
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3
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Palit S, Shrestha AK, Thapa S, L. Grimm S, Coarfa C, Theis F, Simon LM, Shivanna B. Leveraging Integrated RNA Sequencing to Decipher Adrenomedullin's Protective Mechanisms in Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:806. [PMID: 38927741 PMCID: PMC11202456 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease commonly affecting premature infants, with limited therapeutic options and increased long-term consequences. Adrenomedullin (Adm), a proangiogenic peptide hormone, has been found to protect rodents against experimental BPD. This study aims to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which Adm influences BPD pathogenesis using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of experimental BPD in mice. Bulk RNA sequencing of Adm-sufficient (wild-type or Adm+/+) and Adm-haplodeficient (Adm+/-) mice lungs, integrated with single-cell RNA sequencing data, revealed distinct gene expression patterns and cell type alterations associated with Adm deficiency and LPS exposure. Notably, computational integration with cell atlas data revealed that Adm-haplodeficient mouse lungs exhibited gene expression signatures characteristic of increased inflammation, natural killer (NK) cell frequency, and decreased endothelial cell and type II pneumocyte frequency. Furthermore, in silico human BPD patient data analysis supported our cell type frequency finding, highlighting elevated NK cells in BPD infants. These results underscore the protective role of Adm in experimental BPD and emphasize that it is a potential therapeutic target for BPD infants with an inflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Palit
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Amrit Kumar Shrestha
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA (B.S.)
| | - Shyam Thapa
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA (B.S.)
| | - Sandra L. Grimm
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fabian Theis
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lukas M. Simon
- Therapeutic Innovation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Binoy Shivanna
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA (B.S.)
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Villanueva B, Cerdà P, Torres-Iglesias R, Rocamora JL, Figueras A, Viñals F, Riera-Mestre A. Potential angiogenic biomarkers in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and other vascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 115:10-17. [PMID: 37225595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are new tools framed in precision and personalized medicine. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare genetic vascular disease with disturbances in the angiogenic pathways. Descriptive evidence supports that some angiogenesis-related molecules are differently detected in HHT patients compared to healthy subjects. These molecules are also related to diagnosis, prognosis, complications and therapy monitoring in other common vascular diseases. Despite the need for improving knowledge before applying them in daily clinical practice, there are good candidates to be considered as potential biomarkers in HHT and other vascular diseases. In the present review, the authors aim to summarize and discuss current evidence regarding the main putative angiogenic biomarkers by describing the biological role of each biomarker, the evidence related to HHT and their potential use in this and other common vascular diseases from a clinical point-of-view.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Villanueva
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Cerdà
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Torres-Iglesias
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Rocamora
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Viñals
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Riera-Mestre
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Shafieesabet A, Jauert N, Hartmann O, Arlt B, Joebges M, Doehner W. Plasma bioactive adrenomedullin predicts outcome after acute stroke in early rehabilitation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4873. [PMID: 36964268 PMCID: PMC10039005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An early and reliable prediction of outcomes after stroke is important for early effective stroke management and the adequate optimal planning of post-stroke rehabilitation and long-term care. Bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) is a 52-amino acid peptide that is an important peptide hormone in nervous system diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of bio-ADM on outcomes after rehabilitation in patients with stroke. A total of 557 consecutive patients with a primary diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (age 69.6-12.9 years, male 51.3%, ischemic stroke 72.5%), who were admitted to an in-patient early rehabilitation center directly after discharge from acute stroke hospital care, were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Plasma concentrations of bio-ADM were determined by using a chemiluminescence immunoassay (functional assay sensitivity 8 pg/ml). The early rehabilitation barthel index (ERBI) was used for the neurological assessment of the patients. The plasma bio-ADM level was analyzed in association with 6-month all-cause mortality as well as a composite outcome of all-cause mortality, unscheduled re-hospitalization, or transfer to a long-term care facility in a vegetative or minimally conscious state. Bio-ADM levels significantly increased in patients with ischemic stroke who died compared to surviving patients (40.4 pg/ml vs. 23.8 pg/ml, p < 0.001) or in those with composite outcomes compared to those with no events (36.9 pg/ml vs. 23.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Six-month all-cause mortality was higher in all patients with bio-ADM levels > 70 pg/ml (HR 4.83 [CI 2.28-10.2]). Patients with bio-ADM levels > 70 pg/ml also had higher rates of 6-month composite outcomes (HR 3.82 [CI 2.08-7.01]). Bio-ADM was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and 6-month composite outcomes after adjusting for age, gender, and ERBI (adjusted OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.1; p = 0.047 and adjusted OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.1-2.0; p = 0.01, respectively). Bio-ADM may be a suitable novel biomarker to assess the outcomes of patients in rehabilitation after acute stroke. Elevated bio-ADM concentrations may have prognostic value for fatal and nonfatal events in patients with ischemic stroke during early rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Shafieesabet
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology (Virchow Klinikum), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nadja Jauert
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology (Virchow Klinikum), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Joebges
- Department of Neurology, Brandenburg Klinik, Bernau and Kliniken Schmieder, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfram Doehner
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology (Virchow Klinikum), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Romero R, Zarzycka A, Preussner M, Fischer F, Hain T, Herrmann JP, Roth K, Keber CU, Suryamohan K, Raifer H, Luu M, Leister H, Bertrams W, Klein M, Shams-Eldin H, Jacob R, Mollenkopf HJ, Rajalingam K, Visekruna A, Steinhoff U. Selected commensals educate the intestinal vascular and immune system for immunocompetence. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:158. [PMID: 36171625 PMCID: PMC9520927 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal microbiota fundamentally guides the development of a normal intestinal physiology, the education, and functioning of the mucosal immune system. The Citrobacter rodentium-carrier model in germ-free (GF) mice is suitable to study the influence of selected microbes on an otherwise blunted immune response in the absence of intestinal commensals. RESULTS Here, we describe that colonization of adult carrier mice with 14 selected commensal microbes (OMM12 + MC2) was sufficient to reestablish the host immune response to enteric pathogens; this conversion was facilitated by maturation and activation of the intestinal blood vessel system and the step- and timewise stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity. While the immature colon of C. rodentium-infected GF mice did not allow sufficient extravasation of neutrophils into the gut lumen, colonization with OMM12 + MC2 commensals initiated the expansion and activation of the visceral vascular system enabling granulocyte transmigration into the gut lumen for effective pathogen elimination. CONCLUSIONS Consortium modeling revealed that the addition of two facultative anaerobes to the OMM12 community was essential to further progress the intestinal development. Moreover, this study demonstrates the therapeutic value of a defined consortium to promote intestinal maturation and immunity even in adult organisms. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Romero
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Zarzycka
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Pfizer GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathieu Preussner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florence Fischer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Hain
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan-Paul Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Roth
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Corinna U Keber
- Pathology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Hartmann Raifer
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maik Luu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Leister
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bertrams
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hosam Shams-Eldin
- Tierexperimentelle Einrichtung, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinhoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Marburg, Hans Meerwein Straße 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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7
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Hellenthal KEM, Brabenec L, Wagner NM. Regulation and Dysregulation of Endothelial Permeability during Systemic Inflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121935. [PMID: 35741064 PMCID: PMC9221661 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation can be triggered by infection, surgery, trauma or burns. During systemic inflammation, an overshooting immune response induces tissue damage resulting in organ dysfunction and mortality. Endothelial cells make up the inner lining of all blood vessels and are critically involved in maintaining organ integrity by regulating tissue perfusion. Permeability of the endothelial monolayer is strictly controlled and highly organ-specific, forming continuous, fenestrated and discontinuous capillaries that orchestrate the extravasation of fluids, proteins and solutes to maintain organ homeostasis. In the physiological state, the endothelial barrier is maintained by the glycocalyx, extracellular matrix and intercellular junctions including adherens and tight junctions. As endothelial cells are constantly sensing and responding to the extracellular environment, their activation by inflammatory stimuli promotes a loss of endothelial barrier function, which has been identified as a hallmark of systemic inflammation, leading to tissue edema formation and hypotension and thus, is a key contributor to lethal outcomes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the major players, such as the angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling axis, adrenomedullin and vascular endothelial (VE-) cadherin, that substantially contribute to the regulation and dysregulation of endothelial permeability during systemic inflammation and elucidate treatment strategies targeting the preservation of vascular integrity.
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8
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García-Sanmartín J, Narro-Íñiguez J, Rodríguez-Barbero A, Martínez A. Endoglin and Activin Receptor-like Kinase 1 (Alk1) Modify Adrenomedullin Expression in an Organ-Specific Manner in Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030358. [PMID: 35336733 PMCID: PMC8945164 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is called a rare disease because it affects relatively few people. It is characterized by malformations in some blood vessels and usually results in profuse nose bleedings. In a recent article, we found that these patients have higher levels of adrenomedullin (AM), a molecule with cardiovascular activities, than healthy people. Thus we wanted to know whether the mutations that cause the HHT disease are directly responsible for these higher levels of AM. To investigate this issue, we used mutant mice, which express lower levels of the genes involved in the disease (called Eng and Acvrl1), and measured how much AM was found in different tissues. Although we expected a higher amount of AM in all organs, that was not the case. Some organs showed no variation, some had lower levels of AM than normal mice (fat, skin, and adrenals), and others had a higher expression (cerebellum and colon). Interestingly, our results suggest that these genes and the related molecule BMP-9 may have novel functions, which have not been yet investigated, which may shed more light on the physiopathology of HHT. Abstract Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare disease characterized by vascular malformations and profuse bleeding. The disease is caused by mutations in the components of the BMP-9 receptor: endoglin (ENG) and activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ACVRL1) genes. Recently, we reported that HHT patients expressed higher serum levels of adrenomedullin (AM) than healthy volunteers; thus, we studied the expression of AM (by enzyme immunoassay, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting) in mice deficient in either one of the receptor components to investigate whether these defects may be the cause of that elevated AM in patients. We found that AM expression is not affected by these mutations in a consistent pattern. On the contrary, in some organs (blood, lungs, stomach, pancreas, heart, kidneys, ovaries, brain cortex, hippocampus, foot skin, and microvessels), there were no significant changes, whereas in others we found either a reduced expression (fat, skin, and adrenals) or an enhanced production of AM (cerebellum and colon). These results contradict our initial hypothesis that the increased AM expression found in HHT patients may be due directly to the mutations, but open intriguing questions about the potential phenotypic manifestations of Eng and Acvrl1 mutants that have not yet been studied and that may offer, in the future, a new focus for research on HHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logrono, Spain; (J.G.-S.); (J.N.-Í.)
| | - Judit Narro-Íñiguez
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logrono, Spain; (J.G.-S.); (J.N.-Í.)
| | - Alicia Rodríguez-Barbero
- Vascular Endothelium Pathophysiology (ENDOVAS) Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Unit, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logrono, Spain; (J.G.-S.); (J.N.-Í.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-941278775
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9
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Meijers WC, Bayes-Genis A, Mebazaa A, Bauersachs J, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, Januzzi JL, Maisel AS, McDonald K, Mueller T, Richards AM, Seferovic P, Mueller C, de Boer RA. Circulating heart failure biomarkers beyond natriuretic peptides: review from the Biomarker Study Group of the Heart Failure Association (HFA), European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 23:1610-1632. [PMID: 34498368 PMCID: PMC9292239 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New biomarkers are being evaluated for their ability to advance the management of patients with heart failure. Despite a large pool of interesting candidate biomarkers, besides natriuretic peptides virtually none have succeeded in being applied into the clinical setting. In this review, we examine the most promising emerging candidates for clinical assessment and management of patients with heart failure. We discuss high-sensitivity cardiac troponins (Tn), procalcitonin, novel kidney markers, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), galectin-3, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), cluster of differentiation 146 (CD146), neprilysin, adrenomedullin (ADM), and also discuss proteomics and genetic-based risk scores. We focused on guidance and assistance with daily clinical care decision-making. For each biomarker, analytical considerations are discussed, as well as performance regarding diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, we discuss potential implementation in clinical algorithms and in ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter C Meijers
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Inserm U942-MASCOT; Université de Paris; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hôpitaux Saint Louis & Lariboisière; FHU PROMICE, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hôpitaux Saint Louis & Lariboisière, Paris, France.,FHU PROMICE, Paris, France
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow; National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - A Mark Richards
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Petar Seferovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgarde, Serbia
| | | | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Adrenomedullin Is a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:324-334. [PMID: 34208106 PMCID: PMC8928941 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic stroke remains an important health challenge. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a vasoactive peptide with an important role in cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. Serum AM and nitrate-nitrite and S-nitroso compounds (NOx) levels were measured and compared between healthy volunteers (n = 50) and acute hemorrhagic stroke patients (n = 64). Blood samples were taken at admission (d0), 24 h later (d1), and after 7 days or at the time of hospital discharge (d7). Neurological severity (NIHSS) and functional prognosis (mRankin) were measured as clinical outcomes. AM levels were higher in stroke patients at all times when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.0001). A receiving operating characteristic curve analysis identified that AM levels at admission > 69.0 pg/mL had a great value as a diagnostic biomarker (area under the curve = 0.89, sensitivity = 80.0%, specificity = 100%). Furthermore, patients with a favorable outcome (NIHSS ≤ 3; mRankin ≤ 2) experienced an increase in AM levels from d0 to d1, and a decrease from d1 to d7, whereas patients with unfavorable outcome had no significant changes over time. NOx levels were lower in patients at d0 (p = 0.04) and d1 (p < 0.001) than in healthy controls. In conclusion, AM levels may constitute a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for this disease, and identify AM as a positive mediator for hemorrhagic stroke resolution.
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11
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van Lier D, Kox M, Pickkers P. Promotion of vascular integrity in sepsis through modulation of bioactive adrenomedullin and dipeptidyl peptidase 3. J Intern Med 2021; 289:792-806. [PMID: 33381880 PMCID: PMC8246835 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis represents one of the major medical challenges of the 21st century. Despite substantial improvements in the knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms, this has so far not translated into novel adjuvant treatment strategies for sepsis. In sepsis, both vascular tone and vascular integrity are compromised, and contribute to the development of shock, which is strongly related to the development of organ dysfunction and mortality. In this review, we focus on dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) and adrenomedullin (ADM), two molecules that act on the vasculature and are involved in the pathophysiology of sepsis and septic shock. DPP3 is an ubiquitous cytosolic enzyme involved in the degradation of several important signalling molecules essential for regulation of vascular tone, including angiotensin II. ADM is a key hormone involved in the regulation of vascular tone and endothelial barrier function. Previous studies have shown that circulating concentrations of both DPP3 and ADM are independently associated with the development of organ failure and adverse outcome in sepsis. We now discuss new evidence illustrating that these molecules indeed represent two distinct pathways involved in the development of septic shock. Recently, both ADM-enhancing therapies aimed at improving endothelial barrier function and vascular tone and DPP3-blocking therapies aimed at restoring systemic angiotensin responses have been shown to improve outcome in various preclinical sepsis models. Given the current lack of effective adjuvant therapies in sepsis, additional research on the therapeutic application of these peptides in humans is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D van Lier
- From the, Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M Kox
- From the, Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P Pickkers
- From the, Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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12
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Iriarte A, Ochoa-Callejero L, García-Sanmartín J, Cerdà P, Garrido P, Narro-Íñiguez J, Mora-Luján JM, Jucglà A, Sánchez-Corral MA, Cruellas F, Gamundi E, Ribas J, Castellote J, Viñals F, Martínez A, Riera-Mestre A. Adrenomedullin as a potential biomarker involved in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Eur J Intern Med 2021; 88:89-95. [PMID: 33888392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenomedullin (AM) is a vasoactive peptide mostly secreted by endothelial cells with an important role in preserving endothelial integrity. The relationship between AM and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is unknown. We aimed to compare the serum levels and tissue expression of AM between HHT patients and controls. METHODS Serum AM levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and compared between control and HHT groups. AM levels were also compared among HHT subgroups according to clinical characteristics. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4910118 was assessed by restriction analysis and sequencing. AM immunohistochemistry was performed on biopsies of cutaneous telangiectasia from eight HHT patients and on the healthy skin from five patients in the control group. RESULTS Forty-five HHT patients and 50 healthy controls were included, mean age (SD) was 50.7 (14.9) years and 46.4 (9.9) years (p = 0.102), respectively. HHT patients were mostly female (60% vs 38%, p = 0.032). Median [Q1-Q3] serum AM levels were 68.3 [58.1-80.6] pg/mL in the HHT group and 47.7 [43.2-53.8] pg/mL in controls (p<0.001), with an optimal AM cut-off according to Youden's J statistic of 55.32 pg/mL (J:0.729). Serum AM levels were similar in the HHT subgroups. No patient with HHT had the SNP rs4910118. AM immunoreactivity was found with high intensity in the abnormal blood vessels of HHT biopsies. CONCLUSIONS We detected higher AM serum levels and tissue expression in patients with HHT than in healthy controls. The role of AM in HHT, and whether AM may constitute a novel biomarker and therapeutic target, needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iriarte
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Internal Medicine Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain
| | - L Ochoa-Callejero
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño Spain
| | - J García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño Spain
| | - P Cerdà
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Internal Medicine Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain
| | - P Garrido
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño Spain
| | - J Narro-Íñiguez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño Spain
| | - J M Mora-Luján
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Internal Medicine Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain
| | - A Jucglà
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Dermatology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain
| | - M A Sánchez-Corral
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Cardiology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain
| | - F Cruellas
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Otorhinolaryngology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain
| | - E Gamundi
- Hematology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain
| | - J Ribas
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Pneumology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain
| | - J Castellote
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Liver Transplant Unit, Gastroenterology Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Physiological Sciences Department. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Viñals
- Physiological Sciences Department. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Martínez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño Spain
| | - A Riera-Mestre
- HHT Unit. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Internal Medicine Department. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Sigmund EC, Baur L, Schineis P, Arasa J, Collado-Diaz V, Vranova M, Stahl RAK, Thelen M, Halin C. Lymphatic endothelial-cell expressed ACKR3 is dispensable for postnatal lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic drainage function in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249068. [PMID: 33857173 PMCID: PMC8049313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3 (formerly CXCR7) is a scavenging receptor that has recently been implicated in murine lymphatic development. Specifically, ACKR3-deficiency was shown to result in lymphatic hyperplasia and lymphedema, in addition to cardiac hyperplasia and cardiac valve defects leading to embryonic lethality. The lymphatic phenotype was attributed to a lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-intrinsic scavenging function of ACKR3 for the vascular peptide hormone adrenomedullin (AM), which is also important during postnatal lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the expression of ACKR3 in the lymphatic vasculature of adult mice and its function in postnatal lymphatic development and function. We show that ACKR3 is widely expressed in mature lymphatics and that it exerts chemokine-scavenging activity in cultured murine skin-derived LECs. To investigate the role of LEC-expressed ACKR3 in postnatal lymphangiogenesis and function during adulthood, we generated and validated a lymphatic-specific, inducible ACKR3 knockout mouse. Surprisingly, in contrast to the reported involvement of ACKR3 in lymphatic development, our analyses revealed no contribution of LEC-expressed ACKR3 to postnatal lymphangiogenesis, lymphatic morphology and drainage function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena C. Sigmund
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lilian Baur
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schineis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Arasa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Martina Vranova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcus Thelen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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14
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Ghanizada H, Al-Karagholi MAM, Arngrim N, Mørch-Rasmussen M, Walker CS, Hay DL, Ashina M. Effect of Adrenomedullin on Migraine-Like Attacks in Patients With Migraine: A Randomized Crossover Study. Neurology 2021; 96:e2488-e2499. [PMID: 33827963 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the IV infusion of adrenomedullin, a potent vasodilator belonging to calcitonin family of peptides, provokes attacks of migraine in patients. METHODS Twenty patients with migraine without aura participated in a placebo-controlled and double-blind clinical study. In a randomized crossover design, the patients received an IV infusion of human adrenomedullin (19.9 pmol/kg/min) or placebo (saline) administrated via an automated IV pump (20 minutes). The patients participated in 2 study days with a washout period of minimum of 7 days. The primary outcome of the study was predefined as a difference in migraine incidence (0-12 hours), and the secondary outcomes were the area under curve (AUC0-12 hours) for the headache intensity score and AUC0-90 minutes for mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), flushing, and heart rate (HR). RESULTS Eleven patients with migraine without aura (55%) fulfilled migraine attacks criteria after adrenomedullin infusion compared to only 3 patients who reported attack (15%) after placebo (p = 0.039). We found that patients reported in a period of 0 to 12 hours stronger headache intensity after adrenomedullin compared to placebo infusion (p = 0.035). AUC0-90 minutes value for HR and flushing (p < 0.05) was significant and for MAP (p = 0.502) remained unchanged. Common reported adverse events were facial flushing, heat sensation, and palpitation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our data implicate adrenomedullin in migraine pathogenesis. This suggests that adrenomedullin or its receptors are novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of migraine. However, we cannot discount the possibility that adrenomedullin may be acting through the canonical calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04111484.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashmat Ghanizada
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nanna Arngrim
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mette Mørch-Rasmussen
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Christopher S Walker
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Debbie L Hay
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Messoud Ashina
- From the Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology (H.G., M.A.-M.A.-K., N.A., M.M.-R., M.A.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Brain Research (C.S.W., D.L.H.), University of Auckland; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.L.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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15
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Yoshimoto T, Saito S, Omae K, Hattori Y, Fukuma K, Kitamura K, Kakuta R, Kita T, Maruyama H, Yamamoto H, Ihara M. Study Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase-II Trial: AdrenoMedullin for Ischemic Stroke Study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105761. [PMID: 33813084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adrenomedullin (AM), a vasoactive peptide, has strong anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties, which have been reported to ameliorate the consequences of ischemic stroke in several animal models. After a phase I study in healthy volunteers, two phase II trials of AM for inflammatory bowel diseases have been recently completed. The current AdrenoMedullin For Ischemic Stroke (AMFIS) study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of AM in patients with acute ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS The AMFIS study is an investigator-initiated, randomized, double-blind, phase-II trial. AM or placebo will be administered to patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke within 24 h after stroke onset. In the first cohort of the AMFIS study, patients will be randomly allocated to the investigation treatment A (30 μg/kg of AM in total for 7 days, n = 20) or placebo group (n = 10). In the second cohort, patients will be assigned to the investigation treatment B (56 μg/kg of AM in total for 7 days, n = 20) or placebo group (n = 10). RESULTS Serious adverse events related to the protocol treatment will be evaluated as the primary outcome. All adverse events will be analyzed as the secondary outcome. Regarding efficacy endpoints, the change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale scores will be compared between investigation treatment and placebo groups. CONCLUSIONS AM is expected to be a safe and effective treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yoshimoto
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Omae
- Department of Data Science, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
| | - Yorito Hattori
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Fukuma
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Division of Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Ryosuke Kakuta
- Department of Data Science, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Kita
- Division of Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Haruko Yamamoto
- Department of Data Science, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
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16
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Ihara M, Washida K, Yoshimoto T, Saito S. Adrenomedullin: A vasoactive agent for sporadic and hereditary vascular cognitive impairment. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 2:100007. [PMID: 36324729 PMCID: PMC9616331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2021.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is an endogenous peptide mainly secreted from endothelial cells, which has multiple physiological actions such as anti-inflammation, vasodilation, vascular permeability regulation and angiogenesis. Blood AM levels are upregulated in a variety of pathological states including sepsis, severe COVID-19, acute ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment with white matter changes, likely serving as a compensatory biological defense response against infection and ischemia. AM is currently being tested in clinical trials for ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, severe COVID-19 for its anti-inflammatory properties and in ischemic stroke for its additional angiogenic action. AM has been proposed as a therapeutic option for vascular cognitive impairment as its arteriogenic and angiogenic properties are thought to contribute to a slowing of cognitive decline in mice after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. As AM promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into mature oligodendrocytes under hypoxic conditions, AM could also be used in the treatment of CADASIL, where reduced oxygen delivery is thought to lead to the death of hypoxia-prone oligodendrocytes. AM therefore holds potential as an innovative therapeutic drug, which may regenerate blood vessels, while controlling inflammation in cerebrovascular diseases.
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17
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Arfsten H, Goliasch G, Bartko PE, Prausmüller S, Spinka G, Cho A, Novak J, Haslacher H, Strunk G, Struck J, Hülsmann M, Pavo N. Increased concentrations of bioactive adrenomedullin subsequently to angiotensin-receptor/neprilysin-inhibitor treatment in chronic systolic heart failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:916-924. [PMID: 32598074 PMCID: PMC9328655 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The clinically investigated rationale for neprilysin (NEP)-inhibition by angiotensinreceptor-NEPinhibitor (ARNi) therapy is to induce elevations in endogenous natriuretic peptides. NEP, however, cleaves a broad spectrum of substrates, which partially hold significant implications in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The effect of NEP inhibition on these peptides has not been investigated thoroughly. This study explored the response of adrenomedullin (ADM) regulation to the initiation of ARNi. METHODS Seventy-four patients with stable HFrEF and initiation of ARNi were prospectively enrolled, 67 patients on continuous angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor(ACEi)/angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) therapy served as control. Plasma bioactive-ADM (bio-ADM), mid-regional-pro-ADM (MR-proADM), B-typenatriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal-pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) were determined at baseline, short-term, 1-year and 2-year follow up. RESULTS Following ARNi initiation both bio-ADM and MR-proADM concentrations were significantly increased at early and long-term follow up (bio-ADM [pg/mL]: 26.0 [interquartile range {IQR}: 17.7-37.5] vs. 50.8 [IQR: 36.5-78.1] vs. 54.6 [IQR: 42.0-97.1] vs. 57.4 [IQR: 48.5-161.6]; MR-proADM [nmol/L]: 0.87 [IQR: 0.64-1.12] vs. 1.25 [IQR: 0.93-1.79] vs. 1.42 [IQR: 0.95-1.90] vs. 1.60 [IQR: 1.12-2.46], P < .0001 for all). The ratios bio-ADM/MR-proADM and BNP/NT-proBNP increased during ARNi-therapy proving improved availability of bioactive peptides. The proportional increase of bio-ADM markedly exceeded BNP increase. Patients converted to ARNi showed similar biomarker patterns irrespective of baseline renin-angiotensin system blocker therapy, i.e. ACEi or ARB (P > .05 for all), indicating that activation of the ADM-axis arises particularly from NEPinhibition. CONCLUSION The significant increase of MR-proADM and bio-ADM together with an elevated bioADM/MR-proADM ratio suggest both enhanced formation and reduced breakdown of bioactive ADM following the initiation of ARNi. Activation of the ADM-axis represents a so far unrecognized effect of ARNi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp E Bartko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suriya Prausmüller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Spinka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Novak
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmuth Haslacher
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Martin Hülsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noemi Pavo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Gao Q, Wang Y. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 regulates apoptosis in ischemic stroke by sponging miR-205-3p and modulating PTEN expression. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2738-2748. [PMID: 32655805 PMCID: PMC7344059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke has been considered to be one of the major causes of disability worldwide which related to multiple pathological processes including apoptosis. Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), is one of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) know as a regulator for cell apoptosis. However, further and deeper cellular and molecular mechanism in stroke model remains unclear. The results showed MALAT1 was down-regulated in OGD-induced apoptosis and related with miR-205-3p expression. Knockdown of MALAT1 promote OGD-induced apoptosis, decreased the cell viability, inhibit the caspase-3 activation. Moreover, MALAT1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-205-3p and further regulate PTEN expression protect OGD-induced apoptosis. Altogether, these results suggest that MALAT1 may suppress the apoptosis in ischemic stroke and function as a ceRNA for miR-205-3p to modulate PTEN expression. These findings may provide a novel therapeutic target for treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China
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19
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Garelja M, Au M, Brimble MA, Gingell JJ, Hendrikse ER, Lovell A, Prodan N, Sexton PM, Siow A, Walker CS, Watkins HA, Williams GM, Wootten D, Yang SH, Harris PWR, Hay DL. Molecular Mechanisms of Class B GPCR Activation: Insights from Adrenomedullin Receptors. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:246-262. [PMID: 32296766 PMCID: PMC7155197 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is a 52 amino acid peptide that plays a regulatory role in the vasculature. Receptors for AM comprise the class B G protein-coupled receptor, the calcitonin-like receptor (CLR), in complex with one of three receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). The C-terminus of AM is involved in binding to the extracellular domain of the receptor, while the N-terminus is proposed to interact with the juxtamembranous portion of the receptor to activate signaling. There is currently limited information on the molecular determinants involved in AM signaling, thus we set out to define the importance of the AM N-terminus through five signaling pathways (cAMP production, ERK phosphorylation, CREB phosphorylation, Akt phosphorylation, and IP1 production). We characterized the three CLR:RAMP complexes through the five pathways, finding that each had a distinct repertoire of intracellular signaling pathways that it is able to regulate. We then performed an alanine scan of AM from residues 15-31 and found that most residues could be substituted with only small effects on signaling, and that most substitutions affected signaling through all receptors and pathways in a similar manner. We identify F18, T20, L26, and I30 as being critical for AM function, while also identifying an analogue (AM15-52 G19A) which has unique signaling properties relative to the unmodified AM. We interpret our findings in the context of new structural information, highlighting the complementary nature of structural biology and functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
L. Garelja
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Maggie Au
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Joseph J. Gingell
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Erica R. Hendrikse
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Annie Lovell
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Prodan
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Patrick M. Sexton
- Drug
Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew Siow
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Christopher S. Walker
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Harriet A. Watkins
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey M. Williams
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Denise Wootten
- Drug
Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sung H. Yang
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Debbie L. Hay
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice
Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
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20
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Viallard C, Audiger C, Popovic N, Akla N, Lanthier K, Legault-Navarrete I, Melichar H, Costantino S, Lesage S, Larrivée B. BMP9 signaling promotes the normalization of tumor blood vessels. Oncogene 2020; 39:2996-3014. [PMID: 32042114 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of an immature tumor vascular network contributes to cancer dissemination and the development of resistance to therapies. Strategies to normalize the tumor vasculature are therefore of significant therapeutic interest for cancer treatments. VEGF inhibitors are used clinically to normalize tumor blood vessels. However, the time frame and dosage of these inhibitors required to achieve normalization is rather narrow, and there is a need to identify additional signaling targets to attain vascular normalization. In addition to VEGF, the endothelial-specific receptor Alk1 plays a critical role in vascular development and promotes vascular remodeling and maturation. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effects of the Alk1 ligand BMP9 on tumor vascular formation. BMP9 overexpression in Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumors significantly delayed tumor growth. Blood vessels in BMP9-overexpressing LLC tumors displayed markers of vascular maturation and were characterized by increased perivascular cell coverage. Tumor vasculature normalization was associated with decreased permeability and increased perfusion. These changes in vascular function in BMP9-overexpressing LLC tumors resulted in significant alterations of the tumor microenvironment, characterized by a decrease in hypoxia and an increase in immune infiltration. In conclusion, we show that BMP9 promotes vascular normalization in LLC tumors that leads to changes in the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Viallard
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cindy Audiger
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalija Popovic
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Naoufal Akla
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin Lanthier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Heather Melichar
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Santiago Costantino
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Larrivée
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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21
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Abstract
Adrenomedullin, a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease, has aroused the interest of researchers. This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disorders, including pathological pain, brain injury and nerve regeneration, and their treatment. As a newly characterized pronociceptive mediator, adrenomedullin has been shown to act as an upstream factor in the transmission of noxious information for various types of pathological pain including acute and chronic inflammatory pain, cancer pain, neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and diabetic neuropathy. Initiation of glia-neuron signaling networks in the peripheral and central nervous system by adrenomedullin is involved in the formation and maintenance of morphine tolerance. Adrenomedullin has been shown to exert a facilitated or neuroprotective effect against brain injury including hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. Additionally, adrenomedullin can serve as a regulator to promote nerve regeneration in pathological conditions. Therefore, adrenomedullin is an important participant in nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Si-Ru Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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22
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Nagata S, Yamasaki M, Kitamura K. Polyethylene glycol-conjugated human adrenomedullin as a possible treatment for vascular dementia. Peptides 2019; 121:170133. [PMID: 31449828 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is a multifunctional bioactive peptide. Recent studies have shown that AM has protective effects against ischemic brain damage. We recently prepared a long-acting human AM derivative that was conjugated with a 60 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG-AM), which had an effect similar to that of native AM. In this study, we examined the effect of PEG-AM on four-vessel occlusion model rats, which exhibit vascular dementia. From day 10 to day 14 after surgery, the learning and memory abilities of the rats were examined using a Morris water maze. The rats were treated with a single subcutaneous injection of 1.0 or 10.0 nmol/kg of PEG-AM. PEG-AM treatment reduced the escape latency in the hidden platform test. Furthermore, the treatment increased the time spent in the platform quadrant in the probe test. The data showed that PEG-AM injection prevented memory loss and learning disorders in dose-dependent manner. On day 14, the immunoreactive AM concentration in plasma was 9.749 ± 2.167 pM in the high-dose group (10.0 nmol/kg) and 0.334 ± 0.073 pM in the low-dose group (1.0 nmol/kg). However, even in the low-dose group, a significant effect was observed in both tests. The present data indicate that PEG-AM is a possible therapeutic agent for the treatment of ischemic brain injury or vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Nagata
- Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Motoo Yamasaki
- Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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23
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Abstract
Sepsis remains a major scientific and medical challenge, for which, apart from significant refinements in supportive therapy, treatment has barely changed over the last few decades. During sepsis, both vascular tone and vascular integrity are compromised, and contribute to the development of shock. The free circulating peptide adrenomedullin (ADM) is involved in the regulation of the endothelial barrier function and tone of blood vessels. Several animal studies have shown that ADM administration improves outcome of sepsis. However, in higher dosages, ADM administration may cause hypotension, limiting its clinical applicability. Moreover, ADM has a very short half-life and easily adheres to surfaces, further hampering its clinical use. The non-neutralizing anti-ADM antibody Adrecizumab (HAM8101) which causes a long-lasting increase of plasma ADM has shown promising results in animal models of systemic inflammation and sepsis; it reduced inflammation, attenuated vascular leakage, and improved hemodynamics, kidney function, and survival. Combined with an excellent safety profile derived from animal and phase I human studies, Adrecizumab represents a promising candidate drug for the adjunctive treatment of sepsis. In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the currently available data on the role of adrenomedullin in sepsis and describe its effects on endothelial barrier function and vasodilation. Furthermore, we provide a novel hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of action through which Adrecizumab may exert its beneficial effects in sepsis.
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24
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Wettschureck N, Strilic B, Offermanns S. Passing the Vascular Barrier: Endothelial Signaling Processes Controlling Extravasation. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:1467-1525. [PMID: 31140373 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00037.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A central function of the vascular endothelium is to serve as a barrier between the blood and the surrounding tissue of the body. At the same time, solutes and cells have to pass the endothelium to leave or to enter the bloodstream to maintain homeostasis. Under pathological conditions, for example, inflammation, permeability for fluid and cells is largely increased in the affected area, thereby facilitating host defense. To appropriately function as a regulated permeability filter, the endothelium uses various mechanisms to allow solutes and cells to pass the endothelial layer. These include transcellular and paracellular pathways of which the latter requires remodeling of intercellular junctions for its regulation. This review provides an overview on endothelial barrier regulation and focuses on the endothelial signaling mechanisms controlling the opening and closing of paracellular pathways for solutes and cells such as leukocytes and metastasizing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany ; and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Boris Strilic
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany ; and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany ; and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
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25
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Bernardini M, Brossa A, Chinigo G, Grolez GP, Trimaglio G, Allart L, Hulot A, Marot G, Genova T, Joshi A, Mattot V, Fromont G, Munaron L, Bussolati B, Prevarskaya N, Fiorio Pla A, Gkika D. Transient Receptor Potential Channel Expression Signatures in Tumor-Derived Endothelial Cells: Functional Roles in Prostate Cancer Angiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070956. [PMID: 31288452 PMCID: PMC6678088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels control multiple processes involved in cancer progression by modulating cell proliferation, survival, invasion and intravasation, as well as, endothelial cell (EC) biology and tumor angiogenesis. Nonetheless, a complete TRP expression signature in tumor vessels, including in prostate cancer (PCa), is still lacking. Methods: In the present study, we profiled by qPCR the expression of all TRP channels in human prostate tumor-derived ECs (TECs) in comparison with TECs from breast and renal tumors. We further functionally characterized the role of the ‘prostate-associated’ channels in proliferation, sprout formation and elongation, directed motility guiding, as well as in vitro and in vivo morphogenesis and angiogenesis. Results: We identified three ‘prostate-associated’ genes whose expression is upregulated in prostate TECs: TRPV2 as a positive modulator of TEC proliferation, TRPC3 as an endothelial PCa cell attraction factor and TRPA1 as a critical TEC angiogenic factor in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: We provide here the full TRP signature of PCa vascularization among which three play a profound effect on EC biology. These results contribute to explain the aggressive phenotype previously observed in PTEC and provide new putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bernardini
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Brossa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chinigo
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Guillaume P Grolez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Giulia Trimaglio
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Laurent Allart
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Audrey Hulot
- Univ. Lille, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, bilille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Guillemette Marot
- Univ. Lille, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, bilille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Inria, CHU Lille, EA 2694-MODAL-Models for Data Analysis and Learning, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Aditi Joshi
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Virginie Mattot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Inserm UMR 1069, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Dimitra Gkika
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Université de Lille, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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26
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Iring A, Jin YJ, Albarrán-Juárez J, Siragusa M, Wang S, Dancs PT, Nakayama A, Tonack S, Chen M, Künne C, Sokol AM, Günther S, Martínez A, Fleming I, Wettschureck N, Graumann J, Weinstein LS, Offermanns S. Shear stress-induced endothelial adrenomedullin signaling regulates vascular tone and blood pressure. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2775-2791. [PMID: 31205027 DOI: 10.1172/jci123825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction and stroke. Major determinants of blood pressure are vasodilatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO) released from the endothelium under the influence of fluid shear stress exerted by the flowing blood. Several endothelial signaling processes mediating fluid shear stress-induced formation and release of vasodilatory factors have been described. It is, however, still poorly understood how fluid shear stress induces these endothelial responses. Here we show that the endothelial mechanosensitive cation channel PIEZO1 mediated fluid shear stress-induced release of adrenomedullin, which in turn activated its Gs-coupled receptor. The subsequent increase in cAMP levels promoted the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) at serine 633 through protein kinase A (PKA), leading to the activation of the enzyme. This Gs/PKA-mediated pathway synergized with the AKT-mediated pathways leading to eNOS phosphorylation at serine 1177. Mice with endothelium-specific deficiency of adrenomedullin, the adrenomedullin receptor, or Gαs showed reduced flow-induced eNOS activation and vasodilation and developed hypertension. Our data identify fluid shear stress-induced PIEZO1 activation as a central regulator of endothelial adrenomedullin release and establish the adrenomedullin receptor and subsequent Gs-mediated formation of cAMP as a critical endothelial mechanosignaling pathway regulating basal endothelial NO formation, vascular tone, and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Iring
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Young-June Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Julián Albarrán-Juárez
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - ShengPeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Yanta District, Xi'an, China
| | - Péter T Dancs
- Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akiko Nakayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Tonack
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Min Chen
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Anna M Sokol
- Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Alfredo Martínez
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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27
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Voors AA, Kremer D, Geven C, ter Maaten JM, Struck J, Bergmann A, Pickkers P, Metra M, Mebazaa A, Düngen H, Butler J. Adrenomedullin in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapeutic application. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:163-171. [PMID: 30592365 PMCID: PMC6607488 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone first discovered in 1993 in pheochromocytoma. It is synthesized by endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and diffuses freely between blood and interstitium. Excretion of ADM is stimulated by volume overload to maintain endothelial barrier function. Disruption of the ADM system therefore results in vascular leakage and systemic and pulmonary oedema. In addition, ADM inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. ADM is strongly elevated in patients with sepsis and in patients with acute heart failure. Since hallmarks of both conditions are vascular leakage and tissue oedema, we hypothesize that ADM plays a compensatory role and may exert protective properties against fluid overload and tissue congestion. Recently, a new immunoassay that specifically measures the biologically active ADM (bio-ADM) has been developed, and might become a biomarker for tissue congestion. As a consequence, measurement of bio-ADM might potentially be used to guide diuretic therapy in patients with heart failure. In addition, ADM might be used to guide treatment of (pulmonary) oedema or even become a target for therapy. Adrecizumab is a humanized, monoclonal, non-neutralizing ADM-binding antibody with a half-life of 15 days. Adrecizumab binds at the N-terminal epitope of ADM, leaving the C-terminal side intact to bind to its receptor. Due to its high molecular weight, the antibody adrecizumab cannot cross the endothelial barrier and consequently remains in the circulation. The observation that adrecizumab increases plasma concentrations of ADM indicates that ADM-binding by adrecizumab is able to drain ADM from the interstitium into the circulation. We therefore hypothesize that administration of adrecizumab improves vascular integrity, leading to improvement of tissue congestion and thereby may improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. A phase II study with adrecizumab in patients with sepsis is ongoing and a phase II study on the effects of adrecizumab in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with elevated ADM is currently in preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan A. Voors
- Department of CardiologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Daan Kremer
- Department of CardiologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Christopher Geven
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Joachim Struck
- Sphingotec GmbHHennigsdorfGermany
- Adrenomed AGHennigsdorfGermany
| | | | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious DiseasesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Marco Metra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public HealthInstitute of Cardiology, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint‐Louis Lariboisière; INI‐CRCTUniversity Paris DiderotParisFrance
| | - Hans‐Dirk Düngen
- Department of CardiologyCharité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow‐KlinikumBerlinGermany
| | - Javed Butler
- Division of CardiologyStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA
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CD90 Identifies Adventitial Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells in Adult Human Medium- and Large-Sized Arteries. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:242-257. [PMID: 30008326 PMCID: PMC6067150 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reportedly exist in a vascular niche occupying the outer adventitial layer. However, these cells have not been well characterized in vivo in medium- and large-sized arteries in humans, and their potential pathological role is unknown. To address this, healthy and diseased arterial tissues were obtained as surplus surgical specimens and freshly processed. We identified that CD90 marks a rare adventitial population that co-expresses MSC markers including PDGFRα, CD44, CD73, and CD105. However, unlike CD90, these additional markers were widely expressed by other cells. Human adventitial CD90+ cells fulfilled standard MSC criteria, including plastic adherence, spindle morphology, passage ability, colony formation, and differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. Phenotypic and transcriptomic profiling, as well as adoptive transfer experiments, revealed a potential role in vascular disease pathogenesis, with the transcriptomic disease signature of these cells being represented in an aortic regulatory gene network that is operative in atherosclerosis. We identify, in situ and in vivo, adventitial CD90+ MSCs in human arteries Human adventitial CD90+ cells fulfill all criteria for an MSC population Other markers, such as CD44 and PDGFRα, were non-specific for adventitial MSCs The CD90+ MSC transcriptomic signature suggests a major role in vascular disease
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Brolih S, Parks SK, Vial V, Durivault J, Mostosi L, Pouysségur J, Pagès G, Picco V. AKT1 restricts the invasive capacity of head and neck carcinoma cells harboring a constitutively active PI3 kinase activity. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:249. [PMID: 29506489 PMCID: PMC5836445 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In mammals, the AKT/PKB protein kinase family comprises three members (AKT1–3). PI3-Kinase (PI3K), a key oncogene involved in a wide variety of cancers, drives AKT activity. Constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway has been associated with tumorigenic properties including uncontrolled cell proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, promotion of cellular motility, invasiveness and metastasis. However, AKT1 activity has also been recently shown to repress the invasive properties of breast cancer cells in specific contexts. Methods This study used both pharmacological and shRNA approaches to inhibit AKT function, microscopy to characterize the cellular morphology, 3D spheroid models to assess migratory and invasive cellular capacities and a phenotypic screening approach based on electrical properties of the cells. Results Here we demonstrate that the alternative action of AKT1 on invasive properties of breast cancers can be extended to head and neck carcinomas, which exhibit constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Indeed, inhibition of AKT1 function by shRNA or a specific pharmacological inhibitor resulted in cellular spreading and an invasive phenotype. A phenotypic screening approach based on cellular electrical properties corroborated microscopic observations and provides a foundation for future high-throughput screening studies. This technique further showed that the inhibition of AKT1 signaling is phenocopied by blocking the mTORC1 pathway with rapamycin. Conclusion Our study suggests that the repressive action of PI3K/AKT1 on cellular invasive properties may be a mechanism common to several cancers. Current and future studies involving AKT inhibitors must therefore consider this property to prevent metastases and consequently to improve survival. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4169-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Brolih
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Scott K Parks
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Valérie Vial
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Jérôme Durivault
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Livio Mostosi
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco.,UCA, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, Nice, France
| | - Vincent Picco
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
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Geven C, Kox M, Pickkers P. Adrenomedullin and Adrenomedullin-Targeted Therapy As Treatment Strategies Relevant for Sepsis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:292. [PMID: 29520277 PMCID: PMC5827550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains a major medical challenge, for which, apart from improvements in supportive care, treatment has not relevantly changed over the last few decades. Vasodilation and vascular leakage play a pivotal role in the development of septic shock, with vascular leakage being caused by disrupted endothelial integrity. Adrenomedullin (ADM), a free circulating peptide involved in regulation of endothelial barrier function and vascular tone, is implicated in the pathophysiology of sepsis. ADM levels are increased during sepsis, and correlate with extent of vasodilation, as well as with disease severity and mortality. In vitro and preclinical in vivo data show that administration of ADM exerts anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and protective effects on endothelial barrier function during sepsis, but other work suggests that it may also decrease blood pressure, which could be detrimental for patients with septic shock. Work has been carried out to negate ADMs putative negative effects, while preserving or even potentiating its beneficial actions. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the use of antibodies that bind to the N-terminus of ADM results in an overall increase of circulating ADM levels and improves sepsis outcome. Similar beneficial effects were obtained using coadministration of ADM and ADM-binding protein-1. It is hypothesized that the mechanism behind the beneficial effects of ADM binding involves prolongation of its half-life and a shift of ADM from the interstitium to the circulation. This in turn results in increased ADM activity in the blood compartment, where it exerts beneficial endothelial barrier-stabilizing effects, whereas its detrimental vasodilatory effects in the interstitium are reduced. Up till now, in vivo data on ADM-targeted treatments in humans are lacking; however, the first study in septic patients with an N-terminus antibody (Adrecizumab) is currently being conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Geven
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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31
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Larrayoz IM, Ferrero H, Martisova E, Gil-Bea FJ, Ramírez MJ, Martínez A. Adrenomedullin Contributes to Age-Related Memory Loss in Mice and Is Elevated in Aging Human Brains. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:384. [PMID: 29187812 PMCID: PMC5694777 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory decline is common in elderly individuals and is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Memory failure follows the loss of synaptic contacts in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, caused in part by cytoskeleton disruption. Adrenomedullin (AM) and its gene-related peptide, proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP), are microtubule-associated proteins (MAP) whose expression has been identified as a potential biomarker for predicting progression from predementia to clinical AD. Here we analyze the connection between AM levels and memory preservation. Mice lacking neuronal AM and PAMP (knockout, KO) and their wild type (WT) littermates were subjected, at different ages, to the novel object recognition test and the contextual fear conditioned test. Aged KO mice have significantly better retention memory than their WT counterparts. This feature was more prominent in females than in males. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus samples from these animals were subjected to Western blotting for phospho-Tau and acetylated tubulin. Aged female KO mice had significantly less accumulation of phospho-Tau than their WT littermates. In addition, protein extracts from the frontal cortex of non-demented mature (65.10 ± 3.86 years) and aged (77.14 ± 2.77 years) human donors were analyzed by Western blotting. Aged human brains had significantly higher levels of AM and lower levels of acetylated tubulin than younger donors. These observations suggest that drugs or interventions that reduce AM/PAMP expression may constitute a new avenue to prevent memory decline during normal aging and in patients suffering moderate AD in high risk of rapid cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Hilda Ferrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Martisova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Gil-Bea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J Ramírez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
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