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Li J, Su J, Zhang Q, Fang C, Liu X. Comparison of carrier doping in ZnSnO 3 and ZnTiO 3 from first principles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2242-2248. [PMID: 38165283 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroelectric materials have attracted increasing attention due to their rich properties. Unlike perovskite ferroelectric oxides, in the LiNbO3-type ferroelectric oxides of ABO3, ferroelectrically active cations are not necessary. While the effects of carrier doping on perovskite ferroelectric oxides have been extensively studied, the studies on LiNbO3-type ferroelectric oxides are rare. We consider two LiNbO3-type ferroelectric oxides ZnSnO3 and ZnTiO3, where the former has no ferroelectrically active cation and the latter has ferroelectrically active cation Ti4+, and study the effect of carrier doping by performing first-principles calculations. Comparison results indicate that the B-site cation has significant effects on the polar distortion in LN-type ferroelectrics. Our studies show that LN-type materials can maintain the coexistence of ferroelectricity and conductance over a very wide range of concentrations. The polar displacement is even enhanced under hole doping. More importantly, ZnSnO3 can be doped by electrons up to a high level to realize the conducting ferroelectrics of high mobility due to its isolated s conduction band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
| | - Jing Su
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
| | - Changfeng Fang
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE) and MOE Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared Systems, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
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2
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Rahimi S, Jalali-Asadabadi S, Blaha P, Jalali-Asadabadi F. Nonzero spontaneous electric polarization in metals: novel predictive methods and applications. Sci Rep 2024; 14:672. [PMID: 38182613 PMCID: PMC10770415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectricity in metals has advanced since the initial discovery of nonmagnetic ferroelectric-like metal LiOsO[Formula: see text], anchored in the Anderson and Blount prediction. However, evaluating the spontaneous electric polarization (SEP) of this metal has been hindered by experimental and theoretical obstacles. The experimental challenge arises from difficulties in switching polarization using an external electric field, while the theoretical limitation lies in existing methods applicable only to nonmetals. Zabalo and Stengel (Phys Rev Lett 126:127601, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.127601 ) addressed the experimental obstacle by proposing flexoelectricity as an alternative for practical polarization switching in LiOsO[Formula: see text], which requires a critical bending radius similar to BaTiO[Formula: see text]. In this study, we focus on resolving the theoretical obstacle by modifying the Berry phase and Wannier functions approaches within density functional theory plus modern theory of polarization. By employing these modifications, we calculate the SEP of LiOsO[Formula: see text], comparable to the polarization of BaTiO[Formula: see text]. We validate our predictions using various ways. This study confirms the coexistence of ferroelectricity and metallicity in this new class of ferroelectric-like metals. Moreover, by addressing the theoretical limitation and providing new insights into polarization properties, our study complements the experimental flexoelectricity proposal and opens avenues for further exploration and manipulation of polarization characteristics. The developed approaches, incorporating modified Berry phase and Wannier function techniques, offer promising opportunities for studying and designing novel materials, including bio- and nano-ferroelectric-like metals. This study contributes to the advancement of ferroelectricity in metals and provides a foundation for future research in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrbano Rahimi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - S Jalali-Asadabadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Peter Blaha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Farhad Jalali-Asadabadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
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3
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Lu XZ, Zhang HM, Zhou Y, Zhu T, Xiang H, Dong S, Kageyama H, Rondinelli JM. Out-of-plane ferroelectricity and robust magnetoelectricity in quasi-two-dimensional materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0138. [PMID: 37992171 PMCID: PMC10665001 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film ferroelectrics have been pursued for capacitive and nonvolatile memory devices. They rely on polarizations that are oriented in an out-of-plane direction to facilitate integration and addressability with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor architectures. The internal depolarization field, however, formed by surface charges can suppress the out-of-plane polarization in ultrathin ferroelectric films that could otherwise exhibit lower coercive fields and operate with lower power. Here, we unveil stabilization of a polar longitudinal optical (LO) mode in the n = 2 Ruddlesden-Popper family that produces out-of-plane ferroelectricity, persists under open-circuit boundary conditions, and is distinct from hyperferroelectricity. Our first-principles calculations show the stabilization of the LO mode is ubiquitous in chalcogenides and halides and relies on anharmonic trilinear mode coupling. We further show that the out-of-plane ferroelectricity can be predicted with a crystallographic tolerance factor, and we use these insights to design a room-temperature multiferroic with strong magnetoelectric coupling suitable for magneto-electric spin-orbit transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hongjun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), Institute of Computational Physical Sciences, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - James M Rondinelli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Toledo F, Schott E, Saavedra-Torres M, Delgado E, Pecchi G, Zarate X. Influence of LiTaO 3 (0001) and KTaO 3 (001) Perovskites Structures on the Molecular Adsorption of Styrene and Styrene oxide: A Theoretical Insight by Periodic DFT Calculations. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200317. [PMID: 36031584 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the adsorption of styrene and styrene oxide, both biomass derivatives, on KTaO3 (001) and LiTaO3 (0001) perovskite-like structures was studied from a theoretical point of view. The study was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption phenomenon was deeply studied by calculating the adsorption energies (Eads ), adsorbate-surface distances (Å) and evaluating the differences of charge density and charge transfer (ΔCT). For complexes adsorbed on KTaO3 (TaO2 , KO and K(OH)2 exposed layers), the highest Eads was found for styrene oxide, attributed to the oxygen reactivity of the epoxy group describing a strong interaction with the surface. However, when evaluating a K(O)2 model, a more favorable interaction of styrene with the surface is observed, resulting in a high Eads of -9.9 eV and a ΔCT of 3.1e. For LiTaO3 , more favorable interactions are found for both adsorbates compared to KTaO3 , evidenced by the higher adsorption energies and charge density differences, particularly for the styrene complex adsorbed on TaO2 exposed layer (Eads : -10.2 eV). For the LiO termination, the surface exposed oxygens are fundamental for the adsorption of styrene and styrene oxide, leading to a considerable structural distortion. The obtained results thus provide understanding of the structural features, surface reactivity and adsorption sites of LiTaO3 and KTaO3 perovskite in the context of a heterogeneous catalytic process, such as the oxidation of styrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Toledo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, 4070371, Concepción, Chile.,Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Schott
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química Y de Farmacia, Centro de Energía UC, Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago, Chile.,Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Saavedra-Torres
- Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, 4070371, Concepción, Chile.,Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Gina Pecchi
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, 4070371, Concepción, Chile.,Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Zarate
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Center, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, 7500912, Santiago, Chile.,Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
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5
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Lu J, Chen G, Luo W, Íñiguez J, Bellaiche L, Xiang H. Ferroelectricity with Asymmetric Hysteresis in Metallic LiOsO_{3} Ultrathin Films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:227601. [PMID: 31283287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.227601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bulk LiOsO_{3} was experimentally identified as a "ferroelectric" metal where polar distortions coexist with metallicity [Shi et al., Nat. Mater. 12, 1024 (2013)NMAACR1476-112210.1038/nmat3754]. It is generally believed that polar displacements in a ferroelectric metal cannot be switched by an external electric field. Here, via comprehensive density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that a two-unit cell-thick LiOsO_{3} thin film exhibits a ferroelectric ground state having an out-of-plane electric dipole moment that can be switched by an external electric field. Moreover, its dipole moment-versus-electric field hysteresis loop is asymmetric because only surface Li ions' displacements are reversed by the external electric field whereas the field-induced force on inner Li atoms is nearly fully screened by itinerant electrons. As a relevant by-product of our study, we also extend the concept of "Born effective charge" to finite metallic systems, and show its usefulness to rationalize the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Physics, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jorge Íñiguez
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 41 Rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Laurent Bellaiche
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Hongjun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
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Garrity KF. High-throughput first principles search for new ferroelectrics. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B 2018; 97:10.1103/PhysRevB.97.024115. [PMID: 30984897 PMCID: PMC6459619 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.97.024115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We use a combination of symmetry analysis and high-throughput density functional theory calculations to search for new ferroelectric materials. We use two search strategies to identify candidate materials. In the first strategy, we start with non-polar materials and look for unrecognized energy-lowering polar distortions. In the second strategy, we consider polar materials and look for related higher symmetry structures. In both cases, if we find new structures with the correct symmetries that are also close in energy to experimentally known structures, then the material is likely to be switchable in an external electric field, making it a candidate ferroelectric. We find sixteen candidate materials, with variety of properties that are rare in typical ferroelectrics, including large polarization, hyperferroelectricity, antiferroelectricity, and multiferroism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin F. Garrity
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, 20899
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7
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Liu S, Cohen RE. Origin of Negative Longitudinal Piezoelectric Effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:207601. [PMID: 29219344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.207601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectrics with negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients will contract in the direction of an applied electric field. Such piezoelectrics are thought to be rare, but there is no fundamental physics preventing the realization of negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect in a single-phase material. Using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that several hexagonal ABC ferroelectrics possess significant negative longitudinal piezoelectric effects. The data mining of a first-principles-based database of piezoelectrics reveals that this effect is a general phenomenon. The origin of this unusual piezoelectric response relies on the strong ionic bonds associated with small effective charges and rigid potential energy surfaces. Moreover, ferroelectrics with negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients show anomalous pressure-enhanced ferroelectricity. Our results offer design principles to aid the search for new piezoelectrics for novel electromechanical device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Liu
- Extreme Materials Initiative, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
| | - R E Cohen
- Extreme Materials Initiative, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
- Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich 80333, Germany
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Liu S, Cohen RE. Stable charged antiparallel domain walls in hyperferroelectrics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:244003. [PMID: 28443824 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa6f95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Charge-neutral 180° domain walls that separate domains of antiparallel polarization directions are common structural topological defects in ferroelectrics. In normal ferroelectrics, charged 180° domain walls running perpendicular to the polarization directions are highly energetically unfavorable because of the depolarization field and are difficult to stabilize. We explore both neutral and charged 180° domain walls in hyperferroelectrics, a class of proper ferroelectrics with persistent polarization in the presence of a depolarization field, using density functional theory. We obtain zero temperature equilibrium structures of head-to-head and tail-to-tail walls in recently discovered ABC-type hexagonal hyperferroelectrics. Charged domain walls can also be stabilized in canonical ferroelectrics represented by LiNbO3 without any dopants, defects or mechanical clamping. First-principles electronic structure calculations show that charged domain walls can reduce and even close the band gap of host materials and support quasi-two-dimensional electron(hole) gas with enhanced electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Liu
- Extreme Materials Initiative, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015-1305, United States of America
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