1
|
Liu J, Zhang D, Wen Q, Zhong Z, Wen T. Tunable linear-to-circular terahertz polarization convertor enabled by a plasmonic nanocomposite metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:39557-39567. [PMID: 38041274 DOI: 10.1364/oe.507293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We proposed and demonstrated a metasurface based terahertz polarizer consisting of an optically responsive nanocomposite and a flexible base body, which fulfilled the function of linear-to-circular polarization conversion in transmission mode. Meanwhile, as the dynamic and stretchable materials enable the active manipulation of conversion points, evident frequency shifts for circular polarization transformation were discovered by applying laser irradiation and tension. Hence the modulation of conversion points covered a broadband with combination of those two external excitations. This THz polarization convertor may find its applications in polarization controls and beam steering, which also provides a low-cost and large-scale manufacturable method to achieve versatile active THz devices.
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou T, Chen S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Hu H, Wang Y. Electromagnetically induced transparency based on a carbon nanotube film terahertz metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:15436-15445. [PMID: 35473263 DOI: 10.1364/oe.457768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a study of bright-bright mode electromagnetically induced transparency based on carbon nanotube films terahertz metasurface consisting of an array of two asymmetric split rings. Under the excitation of terahertz wave, the electromagnetically induced transparency window can be obviously observed. The simulation results agree with the theoretical results. The formation mechanism of the transparent window in bright-bright mode electromagnetically induced transparency is further analyzed. Moreover, the sensing performance of the proposed terahertz metasurface is investigated and the sensitivity can reach to 320 GHz/RIU. To verify the slow light characteristics of the device, the group delay of the terahertz metasurface is calculated and the value is 2.12 ps. The proposed metasurface device and the design strategies provide opportunities for electromagnetically induced transparency applications, such as sensors, optical memories, and flexible terahertz functional devices.
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang T, Zhao X, Zeng S, Crunteanu A, Shum PP, Yu N. Planar nonlinear metasurface optics and their applications. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2020; 83:126101. [PMID: 33290268 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abb56e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces are artificial two-dimensional (2D) planar surfaces that consist of subwavelength 'meta-atoms' (i.e. metallic or dielectric nanostructures). They are known for their capability to achieve better and more efficient light control in comparison to their traditional optical counterparts. Abrupt and sharp changes in the electromagnetic properties can be induced by the metasurfaces rather than the conventional gradual accumulation that requires greater propagation distances. Based on this feature, planar optical components like mirrors, lenses, waveplates, isolators and even holograms with ultrasmall thicknesses have been developed. Most of the current metasurface studies have focused on tailoring the linear optical effects for applications such as cloaking, lens imaging and 3D holography. Recently, the use of metasurfaces to enhance nonlinear optical effects has attracted significant attention from the research community. Benefiting from the resulting efficient nonlinear optical processes, the fabrication of integrated all-optical nano-devices with peculiar functionalities including broadband frequency conversions and ultrafast optical switching will become achievable. Plasmonic excitation is one of the most effective approaches to increase nonlinear optical responses due to its induced strong local electromagnetic field enhancement. For instance, continuous phase control on the effective nonlinear polarizability of plasmonic metasurfaces has been demonstrated through spin-rotation light coupling. The phase of the nonlinear polarization can be continuously tuned by spatially changing the meta-atoms' orientations during second and third harmonic generation processes, while the nonlinear metasurfaces also exhibit homogeneous linear properties. In addition, an ultrahigh second-order nonlinear susceptibility of up to 104 pm V-1 has recently been reported by coupling the plasmonic modes of patterned metallic arrays with intersubband transition of multi-quantum-well layered substrate. In order to develop ultra-planar nonlinear plasmonic metasurfaces, 2D materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have been extensively studied based on their unique nonlinear optical properties. The third-order nonlinear coefficient of graphene is five times that of gold substrate, while TMDC materials also exhibit a strong second-order magnetic susceptibility. In this review, we first focus on the main principles of planar nonlinear plasmonics based on metasurfaces and 2D nonlinear materials. The advantages and challenges of incorporating 2D nonlinear materials into metasurfaces are discussed, followed by their potential applications including orbital angular momentum manipulating and quantum optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's republic of China
- XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252 CNRS/University of Limoges, France
- Wuhan National Library for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, 430074, People's republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's republic of China
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252 CNRS/University of Limoges, France
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Perry Ping Shum
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's republic of China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao Z, Wei T, Wang Y, Lu M, Zhang C, Zhang L. Tunable multifunctional reflection polarizer based on a graphene metasurface. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:3570-3574. [PMID: 31044856 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.003570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a tunable multifunctional reflection polarizer, based on a graphene metasurface, which is composed of an array of cross double-ellipse graphene patches. A dual band of linear-to-linear (LTL) polarization conversions is achieved due to the superimposition of the two reflection components with a near 0° or 180° phase difference, in the mid-infrared region. By carefully choosing the parameters, linear-to-circular polarization conversion and broadband of LTL polarization conversion (about 0.7 THz) are also realized. Also, the tunable responses of the proposed reflection polarizer are discussed under a different Fermi energy and electron scattering time. It is believed that our proposed polarizer can be widely used for multifunctional and tunable polarization conversion.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ling Y, Huang L, Hong W, Liu T, Luan J, Liu W, Lai J, Li H. Polarization-controlled dynamically switchable plasmon-induced transparency in plasmonic metamaterial. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:19517-19523. [PMID: 30320322 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03564d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical manipulation of plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) in metamaterials promises numerous potential applications; however, previously reported approaches require complex metamaterial structures or an external stimulus, and dynamic control is limited to a single PIT transparency window. We propose here a metamaterial with a simple structure to realize a dynamically controllable PIT effect. Simply by changing the polarization direction of incident light, the number of PIT transparency windows can be increased from 1 to 2, accompanied by a tunable amplitude and a switchable resonance-wavelength. Moreover, a coupled three-level plasmonic system is employed to explain the underlying mechanism and near-field coupling between the horizontal and vertical gold bars, and the analytical results show good consistency with the numerical calculations. This work provides a simple approach for designing compact and tunable PIT devices and has potential applications in selective filtering, plasmonic switching and optical sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Ling
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dual-band transmission polarization converter based on planar-dipole pair frequency selective surface. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3791. [PMID: 29491430 PMCID: PMC5830614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel linear polarization converter operating in C- and X-bands with high polarization conversion ratio is described and demonstrated based on frequency selective surface. The building element is a planar-dipole pair, which is orthogonally printed on a double-layer substrate and vertically connected by a pair of through-via holes functioning as a quasi-two-wire transmission line coupler. A perforated metal shielding layer is sandwiched between the double-layer structure to only support a transverse electric and magnetic (TEM) mode coupling between the top and bottom dipolar components. The front dipole responds to the incident transverse electric (TE) wave, and sends the induced current into the two-wire transmission line to feed the bottom dipole. The bottom dipole is orthogonal or oriented at an arbitrary angle with respect to the top one, and a resultant outgoing transverse magnetic (TM) wave or arbitrary orientation polarized wave can be achieved. In addition, a bidirectional orthogonal polarization converter is realized by using double orthogonally arranged planar-dipole pairs, which are also printed on the same double-layer substrate.
Collapse
|
7
|
You JW, Panoiu NC. Polarization control using passive and active crossed graphene gratings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:1882-1894. [PMID: 29401910 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.001882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene gratings provide a promising route towards the miniaturization of THz metasurfaces and other photonic devices, chiefly due to remarkable optical properties of graphene. In this paper, we propose novel graphene nanostructures for passive and active control of the polarization state of THz waves. The proposed devices are composed of two crossed graphene gratings separated by an insulator spacer. Because of specific linear and nonlinear properties of graphene, these optical metasurfaces can be utilized as ultrathin polarization converters operating in the THz frequency domain. In particular, our study shows that properly designed graphene polarizers can effectively select specific polarization states, their thickness being about a tenth of the operating wavelength and size more than 80× smaller than that of similar metallic devices. Equally important, we demonstrate that the nonlinear optical properties of graphene can be utilized to actively control the polarization state of generated higher harmonics.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao X, Yang W, Cao W, Chen M, Jiang Y, Yu X, Li H. Bandwidth broadening of a graphene-based circular polarization converter by phase compensation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:23945-23954. [PMID: 29041344 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.023945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a broadband tunable circular polarization converter composed of a single graphene sheet patterned with butterfly-shaped holes, a dielectric spacer, and a 7-layer graphene ground plane. It can convert a linearly polarized wave into a circularly polarized wave in reflection mode. The polarization converter can be dynamically tuned by varying the Fermi energy of the single graphene sheet. Furthermore, the 7-layer graphene acting as a ground plane can modulate the phase of its reflected wave by controlling the Femi energy, which provides constructive interference condition at the surface of the single graphene sheet in a broad bandwidth and therefore significantly broadens the tunable bandwidth of the proposed polarization converter.
Collapse
|
9
|
He X, Huang Y, Yang X, Zhu L, Wu F, Jiang J. Tunable electromagnetically induced transparency based on terahertz graphene metamaterial. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06770d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The terahertz EIT graphene metamaterial, consisting of two coupled split ring resonators placed in orthogonally twisted fashion, was proposed by patterning graphene. An actively controlled EIT peak can be obtained by changing relaxation time or Fermi energy of graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunjun He
- School of Applied Sciences
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- Harbin
- China
- Department of Physics
| | - Yiming Huang
- School of Applied Sciences
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- School of Applied Sciences
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Communication and Electronics Engineering Institute
- Qiqihar University
- Qiqihar
- China
| | - Fengmin Wu
- School of Applied Sciences
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Jiuxing Jiang
- School of Applied Sciences
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- Harbin
- China
| |
Collapse
|