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Spieckermann F, Şopu D, Soprunyuk V, Kerber MB, Bednarčík J, Schökel A, Rezvan A, Ketov S, Sarac B, Schafler E, Eckert J. Structure-dynamics relationships in cryogenically deformed bulk metallic glass. Nat Commun 2022; 13:127. [PMID: 35013192 PMCID: PMC8748940 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The atomistic mechanisms occurring during the processes of aging and rejuvenation in glassy materials involve very small structural rearrangements that are extremely difficult to capture experimentally. Here we use in-situ X-ray diffraction to investigate the structural rearrangements during annealing from 77 K up to the crystallization temperature in Cu44Zr44Al8Hf2Co2 bulk metallic glass rejuvenated by high pressure torsion performed at cryogenic temperatures and at room temperature. Using a measure of the configurational entropy calculated from the X-ray pair correlation function, the structural footprint of the deformation-induced rejuvenation in bulk metallic glass is revealed. With synchrotron radiation, temperature and time resolutions comparable to calorimetric experiments are possible. This opens hitherto unavailable experimental possibilities allowing to unambiguously correlate changes in atomic configuration and structure to calorimetrically observed signals and can attribute those to changes of the dynamic and vibrational relaxations (α-, β- and γ-transition) in glassy materials. The results suggest that the structural footprint of the β-transition is related to entropic relaxation with characteristics of a first-order transition. Dynamic mechanical analysis data shows that in the range of the β-transition, non-reversible structural rearrangements are preferentially activated. The low-temperature γ-transition is mostly triggering reversible deformations and shows a change of slope in the entropic footprint suggesting second-order characteristics. Understanding of the atomic-scale mechanisms of rejuvenation of bulk metallic glass still remains unclear. Here, using configurational entropy derived from X-ray experiments, authors show a clear picture of the relaxation process during annealing of a metallic glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Spieckermann
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria.
| | - Daniel Şopu
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria.,Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Fachgebiet Materialmodellierung, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, Darmstadt, D-64287, Germany
| | - Viktor Soprunyuk
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria.,Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael B Kerber
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jozef Bednarčík
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,P. J. Šafarik University in Košice, Faculty of Science, Institute of Physics, Park Angelinum 9, 041 54, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Alexander Schökel
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amir Rezvan
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Sergey Ketov
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Baran Sarac
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Erhard Schafler
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Eckert
- Department of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria.,Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria
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Li J, Doubek G, McMillon-Brown L, Taylor AD. Recent Advances in Metallic Glass Nanostructures: Synthesis Strategies and Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1802120. [PMID: 30589105 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in metallic glass nanostructures (MGNs) are reported, covering a wide array of synthesis strategies, computational discovery, and design solutions that provide insight into distinct electrocatalytic applications. A brief introduction to the development and unique features of MGNs with an overview of top-down and bottom-up synthesis strategies is presented. Specifically, the morphology and structural analysis of several examples applying MGNs as electrodes are highlighted. Subsequently, a comprehensive discussion of commonly employed kinetic parameters and their connection with the unique material structures of MGNs on individual electrocatalytic reactions is made, including the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and alcohol (methanol or ethanol) oxidation reaction. Finally, a summary of the challenges and perspective on the future research and development relevant to MGNs as electrocatalysts is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Gustavo Doubek
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Chemical Engineering, Center for Innovation on New Energies (CINE), Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Lyndsey McMillon-Brown
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - André D Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Da W, Wang PW, Wang YF, Li MF, Yang L. Inhomogeneity of Free Volumes in Metallic Glasses under Tension. MATERIALS 2018; 12:ma12010098. [PMID: 30597950 PMCID: PMC6337742 DOI: 10.3390/ma12010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the deformation of Zr₂Cu metallic glass (MG) under uniaxial tensile stress was investigated at the atomic level using a series of synchrotron radiation techniques combined with molecular dynamics simulation. A new approach to the quantitative detection of free volumes in MGs was designed and it was found that free volumes increase in the elastic stage, slowly expand in the yield stage, and finally reach saturation in the plastic stage. In addition, in different regions of the MG model, free volumes exhibited inhomogeneity under stress, in terms of size, density, and distribution. In particular, the expansion of free volumes in the center region was much more rapid than those in the other regions. It is interesting that the density of free volumes in the center region abnormally decreased with strain. It was revealed that the atomic-level stress between different regions may contribute to the inhomogeneity of free volumes under stress. In addition, the inhomogeneous change of free volumes during the deformation was confirmed by the evolution of local atomic shear strains in different regions. The present work provides in-depth insight into the deformation mechanisms of MGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Da
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Peng-Wei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Yi-Fu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Ming-Fei Li
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
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