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Hu S, Lin S, Xu H, He X, Chen L, Feng Q, Sun N. Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Transport and Homeostasis Regulated by Antarctic Krill-Derived Heptapeptide-Iron Complex. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7517-7532. [PMID: 38527166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the molecular mechanisms of iron transport and homeostasis regulated by the Antarctic krill-derived heptapeptide-iron (LVDDHFL-iron) complex were explored. LVDDHFL-iron significantly increased the hemoglobin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity levels, and iron contents in the liver and spleen to normal levels, regulated the gene expressions of iron homeostasis, and enhanced in vivo antioxidant capacity in iron-deficiency anemia mice (P < 0.05). The results revealed that iron ions within LVDDHFL-iron can be transported via the heme transporter and divalent metal transporter-1, and the absorption of LVDDHFL-iron involved receptor-mediated endocytosis. We also found that the transport of LVDDHFL-iron across cells via phagocytosis was facilitated by the up-regulation of the high mobility group protein, heat shock protein β, and V-type proton ATPase subunit, accompanied by the regulatory mechanism of autophagy. These findings provided deeper understandings of the mechanism of LVDDHFL-iron facilitating iron absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Hu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Songyi Lin
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Haowei Xu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing He
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Qi Feng
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Na Sun
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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Xu PC, Song CC, Tan XY, Zhao T, Zhong CC, Xu JJ, Song YF, Luo Z. Characterization of fifteen key genes involved in iron metabolism and their responses to dietary iron sources in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127301. [PMID: 37716208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is an essential metal element for organisms, whose metabolism is regulated by many genes and also dietary iron sources. However, the characterization, distribution and the responses of iron metabolism-related genes to different iron sources were not clear in fish. METHODS The full-length cDNA sequences of fifteen iron metabolism-relevant genes (tf, tfr1, hp, fpn1, ho1, ho2, tfr2, hjv, hepcidin, fth, ftl, ftm, irp1, irp2 and hif2α.) were obtained via 3' and 5' RACE PCR from yellow catfish, a widely distributed freshwater teleost in China and other Asian countries. Their molecular characterizations were analyzed via the bioinformatic methods. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to explore their mRNA distribution in nine tissues. Their mRNA expression responses in four tissues (heart, brain, kidney and gill) were explored in yellow catfish fed diets with five iron sources, including ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), ferrous bisglycinate (Fe-Gly), ferrous chloride (FeCl2), ferric citrate (Fe-CA) and ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3NPs). RESULTS Compared with mammals and other teleost, these members shared similar domains. Their mRNAs were expressed in nine tested tissues, but mRNA levels varied. Yellow catfish fed the diets containing Fe-Gly and Fe2O3NPs had higher iron contents in heart, brain, kidney and gill. Meantime, different dietary iron sources addition affected their mRNA expression differentially in brain, heart, kidney and gill. It should be pointed out that only three biological replicate tanks were used in the present feeding treatment, and more biological replicate tanks (more than five) should be emphasized in further researches. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study identified fifteen iron metabolism-relevant genes, explored their mRNA expression in nine tissues, and their mRNA expression in the responses to different dietary iron sources in four tissues, indicating their important regulatory function in iron metabolism and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang-Chun Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chong-Chao Zhong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie-Jie Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Hu S, Lin S, Feng Q, He X, Xu H, Chen L, Sun N. Iron Complexes with Antarctic Krill-Derived Peptides Show Superior Effectiveness to Their Original Protein-Iron Complexes in Mice with Iron Deficiency Anemia. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112510. [PMID: 37299473 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic krill protein-iron complex and peptide-iron complex were acquired to investigate their iron bioavailability, expression of iron-regulated genes, and in vivo antioxidant capacity. Results indicated that the Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex significantly increased the hemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), and iron contents in the liver and spleen in iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) mice (p < 0.05) compared with those of the Antarctic krill protein-iron complex. Despite the gene expressions of the divalent metal transporter 1(DMT1), the transferrin (Tf), and the transferrin receptor (TfR) being better regulated by both Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex and protein-iron complex, the relative iron bioavailability of the Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex group (152.53 ± 21.05%) was significantly higher than that of the protein-iron complex group (112.75 ± 9.60%) (p < 0.05). Moreover, Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex could enhance the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in IDA mice compared with the protein-iron complex, and reduce the cell damage caused by IDA. Therefore, these results indicated that Antarctic krill peptide-iron complex could be used as a highly efficient and multifunctional iron supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Songyi Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qi Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xueqing He
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Haowei Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Na Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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de Souza Aquino J, Batista KS, Araujo-Silva G, dos Santos DC, de Brito NJN, López JA, da Silva JA, das Graças Almeida M, Pincheira CG, Magnani M, de Pontes Pessoa DCN, Stamford TLM. Antioxidant and Lipid-Lowering Effects of Buriti Oil (Mauritia flexuosa L.) Administered to Iron-Overloaded Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062585. [PMID: 36985557 PMCID: PMC10056315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of oral ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) doses induces significant oxidative damage to health. However, carotene-rich foods such as buriti oil can help the endogenous antioxidant defense and still maintain other body functions. This study aimed to assess the effects of buriti oil intake in iron-overloaded rats by FeSO4 administration. Buriti oil has β-carotene (787.05 mg/kg), α-tocopherol (689.02 mg/kg), and a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids (91.30 g/100 g). Wistar rats (n = 32) were subdivided into two control groups that were fed a diet containing either soybean or buriti oil; and two groups which received a high daily oral dose of FeSO4 (60 mg/kg body weight) and fed a diet containing either soybean (SFe) or buriti oil (Bfe). The somatic and hematological parameters, serum lipids, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined after 17 days of iron overload. Somatic parameters were similar among groups. BFe showed a decrease in low-density lipoprotein (38.43%) and hemoglobin (7.51%); an increase in monocytes (50.98%), SOD activity in serum (87.16%), and liver (645.50%) hepatic GPx (1017.82%); and maintained serum GPx compared to SFe. Buriti oil showed systemic and hepatic antioxidant protection in iron-overloaded rats, which may be related to its high carotenoid, tocopherol, and fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Kamila Sabino Batista
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Araujo-Silva
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
- Experimental Nutrition Research Group, Vive Sano University Institute (IUVS), São Paulo 04304-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Darlan Coutinho dos Santos
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge A. López
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - João Andrade da Silva
- Department of Food Technology, Center for Technology and Regional Development, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Carla Guzmán Pincheira
- Experimental Nutrition Research Group, Vive Sano University Institute (IUVS), São Paulo 04304-000, SP, Brazil
- College of Health Care Sciences, Concepción Campus, San Sebastian University, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Food, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
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Melatonin Alleviates Oxidative Stress Induced by H2O2 in Porcine Trophectodern Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061047. [PMID: 35739944 PMCID: PMC9219737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental oxidative stress has been implicated as a main risk factor for placental dysfunction. Alleviation of oxidative stress and enhancement of antioxidant capacity of porcine trophectoderm (PTr2) cells are effective means to maintaining normal placental function. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin (MT) on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in PTr2 cells. Our data revealed that pretreatment with MT could significantly improve the decrease in cell viability induced by H2O2, and reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the ratio of apoptotic cells. Here, we compared the transcriptomes of untreated versus melatonin-treated PTr2 cells by RNA-seq analysis and found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly enriched in the Wnt signaling, TGF-beta signaling and mTOR signaling pathways. Moreover, pretreatment with MT upregulated the antioxidant-related genes such as early growth response3 (EGR3), WAP four-disulfide core domain1 (WFDC1), heme oxygenase1 (HMOX1) and vimentin (VIM). These findings reveal that melatonin protects PTr2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage.
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Song Y, Wang X, Bu X, Huang Q, Qiao F, Chen X, Shi Q, Qin J, Chen L. A Comparation Between Different Iron Sources on Growth Performance, Iron Utilization, Antioxidant Capacity and Non-specific Immunity in Eriocheir sinensis. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Wu W, Yang Y, Sun N, Bao Z, Lin S. Food protein-derived iron-chelating peptides: The binding mode and promotive effects of iron bioavailability. Food Res Int 2020; 131:108976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.108976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Intestinal iron homeostasis is like the Zhong-Yong in traditional Chinese culture, which is a dynamic balance between Yin and Yang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Ding
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaonan Yu
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
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Wan D, Wu Q, Ni H, Liu G, Ruan Z, Yin Y. Treatments for Iron Deficiency (ID): Prospective Organic Iron Fortification. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:325-332. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190319111437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, one of the most common nutritional deficient disorders, frequently affects infants,
adolescents and pregnant women and impairs growth, development and immune responses. Iron deficiency may
also be secondary to gastrointestinal conditions such as gastrectomy and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as
cancer and chronic uremia. Iron supplementation is the most commonly selected treatment option for iron deficiency.
This review summarizes the iron compounds currently recommended for the iron fortification of foods
and for clinical use. Additionally, this review discusses and compares the important aspects of high-quality iron
compounds/products and classes of compounds that enhance iron bioavailability. The development of efficient
iron fortification methods remains the most cost-effective and long-term approach to the treatment of iron deficiency
or related anemia. To date, no orally administered options for iron fortification can sufficiently replace the
parenteral administration of iron supplements, which includes the intramuscular injection of iron-dextran to neonatal
piglets and intravenous injection of iron supplements to patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Iron
bioavailability may be enhanced by encouraging customers to ingest iron-enriched foods together with dietary
sources of vitamin C, folic acid and/or oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hengjia Ni
- Academician Workstation of Hunan Baodong Farming Co. Ltd., Hunan 422001, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Chicken Splenic Lymphocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8465030. [PMID: 31178974 PMCID: PMC6501224 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8465030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigation showed that ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Mey has antioxidative effect on oxidative stress in chickens. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Rg1 on chicken lymphocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and the potential mechanisms. Cell viability, apoptotic cells, malondialdehyde, activity of superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial membrane potential, and [Ca2+]i concentration were measured, and transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to investigate the effect of Rg1 on gene expression of the cells. The results showed that treatment of lymphocytes with H2O2 induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, pretreatment of the cells with Rg1 dramatically enhanced cell viability, reduced apoptotic cells, and decreased oxidative stress induced by H2O2. In addition, Rg1 reduced these H2O2-dependent decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential and reversed [Ca2+]i overload. Transcriptome analysis showed that 323 genes were downregulated and 105 genes were upregulated in Rg1-treated cells. The differentially expressed genes were involved in Toll-like receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The present study indicated that Rg1 may act as an antioxidative agent to protect cell damage caused by oxidative stress via regulating expression of genes such as RELT, EDA2R, and TLR4.
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Yu X, Chen L, Ding H, Zhao Y, Feng J. Iron Transport from Ferrous Bisglycinate and Ferrous Sulfate in DMT1-Knockout Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030485. [PMID: 30813537 PMCID: PMC6470600 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the transport characteristics of iron from ferrous bisglycinate (Fe-Gly) in intestinal cells. The divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1)-knockout Caco-2 cell line was developed by Crispr-Cas9, and then the cells were treated with ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or Fe-Gly to observe the labile iron pool and determine their iron transport. The results showed that the intracellular labile iron increased significantly with Fe-Gly or FeSO4 treatment, and this phenomenon was evident over a wide range of time and iron concentrations in the wild-type cells, whereas in the knockout cells it increased only after processing with high concentrations of iron for a long time (p < 0.05). DMT1-knockout suppressed the synthesis of ferritin and inhibited the response of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP-1) and IRP-2 to these two iron sources. The expression of peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) was not altered by knockout or iron treatment. Interestingly, the expression of zinc-regulated transporter (ZRT) and iron-regulated transporter (IRT)-like protein 14 (Zip14) was elevated significantly by knockout and iron treatment in wild-type cells (p < 0.05). These results indicated that iron from Fe-Gly was probably mainly transported into enterocytes via DMT1 like FeSO4; Zip14 may play a certain role in the intestinal iron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Lingjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Haoxuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhuo Z, Yu X, Li S, Fang S, Feng J. Heme and Non-heme Iron on Growth Performances, Blood Parameters, Tissue Mineral Concentration, and Intestinal Morphology of Weanling Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:411-417. [PMID: 29770950 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of heme and non-heme iron sources on growth performances, blood parameters, tissue mineral concentration, and intestinal morphology in weanling pigs. At 25 days of age, 32 newly weaned piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire; 8.66 ± 0.59 kg) were allocated to one of the following dietary treatments: control group (basal diet with no extra iron addition), FeSO4 group (basal diet + 100 mg Fe/kg as FeSO4), Fe-Gly group (basal diet + 100 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Gly), and Heme group (basal diet + 100 mg Fe/kg as Heme). Each treatment had eight replicates and one pig per replicate. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that compared with basal diet, supplement with 100 mg/kg iron can increase ADG of the piglets, especially in the late experiment period (15~28 days). Heme significantly increased the a* value of longissimus dorsi muscle of piglets when compared with other iron sources (P < 0.05). The iron supplementations had no significant effect on hematological parameters, while Fe-Gly and heme increased pigs' serum iron content on day 28 when compared with FeSO4 and basal diet (P < 0.05). The liver iron deposition in pigs fed Fe-Gly and heme was also higher than those fed FeSO4 or basal diet (P < 0.05). Besides, diet supplement with iron significantly increased villus height (P < 0.05) in duodenum and it had tendency to increase villus height and crypt depth ratio in duodenum (P = 0.095). In conclusion, iron supplementation in diets can improve piglet's body iron state and intestinal development, but Fe-Gly and heme exhibited better bioavailability than traditional additive of FeSO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaonan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shenglin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Digital Gene Expression Profiling Analysis of Aged Mice under Moxibustion Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4767328. [PMID: 29853953 PMCID: PMC5954890 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4767328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is closely connected with death, progressive physiological decline, and increased risk of diseases, such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, heart disease, hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases. It is reported that moxibustion can treat more than 300 kinds of diseases including aging related problems and can improve immune function and physiological functions. The digital gene expression profiling of aged mice with or without moxibustion treatment was investigated and the mechanisms of moxibustion in aged mice were speculated by gene ontology and pathway analysis in the study. Almost 145 million raw reads were obtained by digital gene expression analysis and about 140 million (96.55%) were clean reads. Five differentially expressed genes with an adjusted P value < 0.05 and |log2(fold change)| > 1 were identified between the control and moxibustion groups. They were Gm6563, Gm8116, Rps26-ps1, Nat8f4, and Igkv3-12. Gene ontology analysis was carried out by the GOseq R package and functional annotations of the differentially expressed genes related to translation, mRNA export from nucleus, mRNA transport, nuclear body, acetyltransferase activity, and so on. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database was used for pathway analysis and ribosome was the most significantly enriched pathway term.
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