Association between Cockroach-specific Immunoglobulin E and periodontitis in Korean male adults Based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Plasma elaidic acid level is associated with periodontal health in American adults: A cross-sectional study

Background

Whether there is an association between TFAs and periodontitis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between moderate/severe periodontitis and plasma level of elaidic acid, a major trans-fatty acid component, in American adults.

Methods

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) years 2009-2010 were used to screen a total of 1,610 people. The independent variable of interest is plasma elaidic acid level, the dependent variable is periodontitis, and the covariates include socio-demographic variables, lifestyle variables, systemic diseases, etc. The distribution of variables in the covariate differences between the different independent groups according to tertile was investigated using a multiple linear regression model. To examine the association between plasma elaidic acid levels and moderate/severe periodontitis, three models were used.

Results

Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between plasma elaidic acid level and moderate/severe periodontitis after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 1.021, 95%CI: 1.004-1.039, P = 0.01394). Subjects with the highest tertile of plasma elaidic acid levels were 51.9% more likely to have periodontitis compared with subjects with the lowest tertile of plasma elaidic acid levels (OR = 1.519, 95% CI: 1.136-2.030, P = 0.00477). No possible sources of heterogeneity were identified in the subgroup analyses.

Conclusion

Plasma elaidic acid levels are associated with periodontal disease in American adults.

Clinical implication of fasting glucose and systolic/diastolic blood pressure on the prevalence of periodontitis in non-diabetic and non-hypertensive adults using nationally representative data

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension is increasing worldwide and an association between fasting glucose/blood pressure and periodontitis has been suggested. The present study was performed to assess the association between fasting glucose and systolic/diastolic blood pressure on the prevalence of periodontitis in non-diabetic and non-hypertensive adults using nationally representative data. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the combined effects of obesity/abdominal obesity and impaired fasting glucose. This study involved a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Republic of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2015. A total of 8,341 respondents without diabetes and hypertension over 19 years old without missing values were included in the present study. A significant increase was observed in the prevalence of periodontitis with increasing systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The percentage of periodontitis increased with increased glucose levels, with similar trends in glycated hemoglobin. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for systolic blood pressure of 90≤x<100, 100≤x<110, 110≤x<120, 120≤x<130 and 130≤x<140 were 1.116 (0.591-2.107), 1.165 (0.624-2.175), 1.238 (0.673-2.278), 1.008 (0.538-1.888) and 1.042 (0.545-1.993), respectively, when systolic blood pressure <90 was considered as a reference. The ORs and 95% CIs for glucose of 90≤x<100, 100≤x<110 and 110≤x<126 were 1.074 (0.92-1.253), 1.214 (0.986-1.494) and 1.358 (1.005-1.834), respectively when glucose <90 was considered as a reference. The association between fasting glucose/blood pressure and periodontitis was confirmed by multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding factors among non-diabetic and non-hypertensive Republic of Korean adults. Subgroup analysis revealed that higher ORs of periodontitis were observed in participants with impaired glucose level and obesity when compared with individuals without impaired glucose level or obesity. The results of the present study suggest that detection of fasting glucose and blood pressure may serve as a risk indicator for periodontal disease.

House dust mite and Cockroach specific Immunoglobulin E sensitization is associated with diabetes mellitus in the adult Korean population

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is known to activate mast cells. Prior studies have shown that mast cells contribute to diet-induced obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to determine whether adults with IgE sensitization were at risk of DM. We performed assays regarding serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE levels against the house dust mite, the cockroach, and the dog on 1,528 adults randomly sampled from every age and gender group in various districts. The total and three allergen-specific IgE levels were positively correlated with fasting glucose level and insulin resistance. Subjects with increased levels of total IgE (>100 kU/L), compared to those without, had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.72 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.17–2.54) for DM after adjusting for various covariates. Further controlling for previous allergic disease did not attenuate the association between total IgE level and DM. Subjects sensitized to the house dust mite (OR 1.63, 95% CI, 1.03–2.59) and the cockroach (OR 2.27, 95% CI, 1.40–3.66) were also at increased risk of DM. We found a strong positive association between IgE sensitization and DM in a general Korean population, suggesting that IgE may be an important independent risk factor for metabolic diseases in Koreans.