1
|
Foscarini A, Tricarico R, Gentile F, Satam S, Mohr H, Kiss-Toth E, Ranzani GN, Pellegata NS. Tribbles Genes in Gastric Cancer: A Tumor-Suppressive Role for TRIB2. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:26. [PMID: 38254916 PMCID: PMC10815672 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tribbles pseudokinases (TRIB1-3) are important signaling modulators involved in several cancers. However, their function in gastric cancer (GC) remains undefined. GC is still a deadly disease since the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy response prediction negatively affects patients' outcome. The identification of novel molecular players may lead to more effective diagnostic and therapeutic avenues. Therefore, we investigated the role of TRIB genes in gastric tumorigenesis. Data mining of the TCGA dataset revealed that chromosomal instability (CIN) tumors have lower TRIB2 and higher TRIB3 expression versus microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumors, while TRIB1 levels are similar in both tumor types. Moreover, in CIN tumors, low TRIB2 expression is significantly associated with aggressive stage IV disease. As no studies on TRIB2 in GC are available, we focused on this gene for further in vitro analyses. We checked the effect of TRIB2 overexpression (OE) on MKN45 and NCI-N87 CIN GC cell lines. In MKN45 cells, TRIB2 OE reduced proliferation and colony formation ability and induced G2/M arrest, while it decreased the proliferation and cell motility of NCI-N87 cells. These effects were not mediated by the MAPK pathway. Our results suggest a tumor-suppressive function of TRIB2 in GC with a CIN phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Foscarini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Rossella Tricarico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Federica Gentile
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Swapna Satam
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Guglielmina Nadia Ranzani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Natalia Simona Pellegata
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nemtsova MV, Kuznetsova EB, Bure IV. Chromosomal Instability in Gastric Cancer: Role in Tumor Development, Progression, and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16961. [PMID: 38069284 PMCID: PMC10707305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gastric cancers are classified into four molecular subtypes: Epstein-Barr virus-positive (EBV+), tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI), tumors with chromosomal instability (CIN), and genomically stable (GS) tumors. However, the gastric cancer (GC) with chromosomal instability remains insufficiently described and does not have effective markers for molecular and histological verification and diagnosis. The CIN subtype of GC is characterized by chromosomal instability, which is manifested by an increased frequency of aneuploidies and/or structural chromosomal rearrangements in tumor cells. Structural rearrangements in the CIN subtype of GC are not accidental and are commonly detected in chromosomal loci, being abnormal because of specific structural organization. The causes of CIN are still being discussed; however, according to recent data, aberrations in the TP53 gene may cause CIN development or worsen its phenotype. Clinically, patients with the CIN subtype of GC demonstrate poor survival, but receive the maximum benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. In the review, we consider the molecular mechanisms and possible causes of chromosomal instability in GC, the common rearrangements of chromosomal loci and their impact on the development and clinical course of the disease, as well as the driver genes, their functions, and perspectives on their targeting in the CIN subtype of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. Nemtsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (E.B.K.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina B. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (E.B.K.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Bure
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (E.B.K.)
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krauze AV, Zhao Y, Li MC, Shih J, Jiang W, Tasci E, Cooley Zgela T, Sproull M, Mackey M, Shankavaram U, Tofilon P, Camphausen K. Revisiting Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide, and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid for Patients with Glioblastoma-Proteomic Alteration and Comparison Analysis with the Standard-of-Care Chemoirradiation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1499. [PMID: 37892181 PMCID: PMC10604983 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common brain tumor with an overall survival (OS) of less than 30% at two years. Valproic acid (VPA) demonstrated survival benefits documented in retrospective and prospective trials, when used in combination with chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). PURPOSE The primary goal of this study was to examine if the differential alteration in proteomic expression pre vs. post-completion of concurrent chemoirradiation (CRT) is present with the addition of VPA as compared to standard-of-care CRT. The second goal was to explore the associations between the proteomic alterations in response to VPA/RT/TMZ correlated to patient outcomes. The third goal was to use the proteomic profile to determine the mechanism of action of VPA in this setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum obtained pre- and post-CRT was analyzed using an aptamer-based SOMAScan® proteomic assay. Twenty-nine patients received CRT plus VPA, and 53 patients received CRT alone. Clinical data were obtained via a database and chart review. Tests for differences in protein expression changes between radiation therapy (RT) with or without VPA were conducted for individual proteins using two-sided t-tests, considering p-values of <0.05 as significant. Adjustment for age, sex, and other clinical covariates and hierarchical clustering of significant differentially expressed proteins was carried out, and Gene Set Enrichment analyses were performed using the Hallmark gene sets. Univariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the individual protein expression changes for an association with survival. The lasso Cox regression method and 10-fold cross-validation were employed to test the combinations of expression changes of proteins that could predict survival. Predictiveness curves were plotted for significant proteins for VPA response (p-value < 0.005) to show the survival probability vs. the protein expression percentiles. RESULTS A total of 124 proteins were identified pre- vs. post-CRT that were differentially expressed between the cohorts who received CRT plus VPA and those who received CRT alone. Clinical factors did not confound the results, and distinct proteomic clustering in the VPA-treated population was identified. Time-dependent ROC curves for OS and PFS for landmark times of 20 months and 6 months, respectively, revealed AUC of 0.531, 0.756, 0.774 for OS and 0.535, 0.723, 0.806 for PFS for protein expression, clinical factors, and the combination of protein expression and clinical factors, respectively, indicating that the proteome can provide additional survival risk discrimination to that already provided by the standard clinical factors with a greater impact on PFS. Several proteins of interest were identified. Alterations in GALNT14 (increased) and CCL17 (decreased) (p = 0.003 and 0.003, respectively, FDR 0.198 for both) were associated with an improvement in both OS and PFS. The pre-CRT protein expression revealed 480 proteins predictive for OS and 212 for PFS (p < 0.05), of which 112 overlapped between OS and PFS. However, FDR-adjusted p values were high, with OS (the smallest p value of 0.586) and PFS (the smallest p value of 0.998). The protein PLCD3 had the lowest p-value (p = 0.002 and 0.0004 for OS and PFS, respectively), and its elevation prior to CRT predicted superior OS and PFS with VPA administration. Cancer hallmark genesets associated with proteomic alteration observed with the administration of VPA aligned with known signal transduction pathways of this agent in malignancy and non-malignancy settings, and GBM signaling, and included epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hedgehog signaling, Il6/JAK/STAT3, coagulation, NOTCH, apical junction, xenobiotic metabolism, and complement signaling. CONCLUSIONS Differential alteration in proteomic expression pre- vs. post-completion of concurrent chemoirradiation (CRT) is present with the addition of VPA. Using pre- vs. post-data, prognostic proteins emerged in the analysis. Using pre-CRT data, potentially predictive proteins were identified. The protein signals and hallmark gene sets associated with the alteration in the proteome identified between patients who received VPA and those who did not, align with known biological mechanisms of action of VPA and may allow for the identification of novel biomarkers associated with outcomes that can help advance the study of VPA in future prospective trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andra V. Krauze
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Computational and Systems Biology Branch, Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.-C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Ming-Chung Li
- Computational and Systems Biology Branch, Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.-C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Joanna Shih
- Computational and Systems Biology Branch, Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.-C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Will Jiang
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Erdal Tasci
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Theresa Cooley Zgela
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Mary Sproull
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Megan Mackey
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Philip Tofilon
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Kevin Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, CRC, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (T.C.Z.); (U.S.); (P.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang G, Yang L, Wang Y, Hu R, Zhang K, Guo T, Chen B, Jiang X, Cui R. Characterization of Immune-Related Molecular Subtypes and a Prognostic Signature Correlating With the Response to Immunotherapy in Patients With Gastric Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:939836. [PMID: 35898512 PMCID: PMC9309259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.939836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a disease characterized by high molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity and represents a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) affects the response to immunotherapy and the prognosis of patients with GC. Explorations of the TIME in GC and characterization of molecular subtypes might enhance personalized treatment and facilitate clinical decision-making. In this study, two molecular subtypes were defined through unsupervised consensus clustering based on immune-related dysregulated genes. Then, patients with different molecular subtypes of GC were shown to have distinct differences in sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). The immune-related prognostic signature was established utilizing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression analysis. Three independent external cohorts and the IMvigor210 cohort were introduced to validate the robustness of IPRS. scRNA-seq data of GC samples were used to decipher the underlying mechanisms of how IPRS contributes to the TIME. GC biospecimens were collected for RT-qPCR to further validate our findings. In summary, we characterized the abnormal TIME of GC and constructed a reliable immune-related prognostic signature correlating with the response to immunotherapy. This study may provide new strategies for developing individualized treatments for patients with GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoming Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ludi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhao Hu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kehui Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taohua Guo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohua Jiang, ; Ran Cui,
| | - Ran Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohua Jiang, ; Ran Cui,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Urothelial Bladder Cancer: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174411. [PMID: 34503220 PMCID: PMC8431680 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Urothelial bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most fatal cancers, with a dismal five-year survival rate of 5% in patients with metastatic disease. Clinically relevant benefits of immunotherapy in advanced or metastatic bladder cancer have led to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as second- or first-line therapy in patients unresponsive to or ineligible for standard treatment. The advantage of ICIs is being investigated in various stages of BC, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs. In this review we discuss the role of ICIs in BC, highlighting their current clinical application and outlining future therapeutic perspectives. Abstract Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Until recently, the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial BC was based on the use of chemotherapy alone. Since 2016, five immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in different settings, i.e., first-line, maintenance and second-line treatment, while several trials are still ongoing in the perioperative context. Lately, pembrolizumab, a programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, has been approved for Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), using immunotherapy at an early stage of the disease. This review investigates the current state and future perspectives of immunotherapy in BC, focusing on the rationale and results of combining immunotherapy with other therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
6
|
Roviello G, Catalano M, Nobili S, Santi R, Mini E, Nesi G. Focus on Biochemical and Clinical Predictors of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7935. [PMID: 33114616 PMCID: PMC7662285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial bladder cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide with barely 5% five-year survival in patients with metastatic disease. Intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and platinum-based chemotherapy are currently the standard of care for non-muscle invasive and advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC), respectively. Recently, a subset of patients with locally advanced or mUC has shown to be responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), e.g., the anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and programmed cell death -1/programmed death-ligand1 (PD-1/PD-L1) antibodies. Due to the relevant clinical benefit of immunotherapy for mUC, in 2016, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved five immunotherapeutic agents as second-line or first-line treatments for patients with advanced bladder cancer who did not profit from or were ineligible for standard therapy. In this review, we discuss the role of immunotherapy in bladder cancer and recent clinical applications of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in mUC. Furthermore, we evaluate a variable response rate to ICIs treatment and outline potential biomarkers predictive of immunotherapy response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Martina Catalano
- School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Stefania Nobili
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Raffaella Santi
- Department of Pathology, Careggi University Hospital, University of Firenze, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zucali PA, Cordua N, D'Antonio F, Borea F, Perrino M, De Vincenzo F, Santoro A. Current Perspectives on Immunotherapy in the Peri-Operative Setting of Muscle-Infiltrating Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:568279. [PMID: 33194654 PMCID: PMC7609911 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.568279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with muscle-infiltrating bladder cancer (MIBC) present a high risk of postoperative recurrence and death from metastatic urothelial cancer despite surgical resection. Before the use of peri-operative chemotherapy, about half (52%) of patients undergoing radical cystectomy had had a relapse of tumor disease within 5 years of surgery. However, when peri-operative cisplatin-based chemotherapy is added to radical cystectomy for patients with MIBC it provides limited benefit in terms of survival, disease recurrence and development of metastases, at the expense of toxic effects. In fact, a significant proportion of patients still recurs and die to metastatic disease. Given the success of immune-oncological drugs in metastatic urothelial cancer, several trials started to test them in patients with non-metastatic MIBC either in neo-adjuvant and adjuvant setting. The preliminary results of these studies in neo-adjuvant setting are showing great promise, confirming the potential benefits of immunotherapy also in patients with non-metastatic MIBC. The aim of this review is to present an overview of developments happening on the introduction of immunotherapy in peri-operative setting in non-metastatic urothelial cancer. Moreover, an analysis of the critical issues regarding how best customize the delivery of immunotherapy to optimize efficacy and minimize the adverse effects, with particular focus on potential prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers, is done.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Andrea Zucali
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Cordua
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Federica D'Antonio
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Federica Borea
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Perrino
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Fabio De Vincenzo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li M, Chen H, He J, Xie J, Xia J, Liu H, Shi Y, Guo Z, Yan H. A qualitative classification signature for post-surgery 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in gastric cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020; 155:65-72. [PMID: 33065189 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Currently, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACRT) is a preferred regimen for post-surgery gastric cancer (GC). However, the survival outcome of 5-FU-based ACRT varies greatly among different GC patients. Thus, it is necessary to classify which patients may benefit from 5-FU-based ACRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected 577 GC and 84 adjacent normal samples for training and 675 GC samples for validation. Based on the within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) of gene expression levels, reversal gene pairs were selected, and the pairs correlating with overall survival (OS) of GC patients receiving 5-FU-based ACRT were identified as candidates. Finally, an optimized set of candidate gene pairs was selected as a classification signature in training data and validated in validation data. RESULTS A signature consisting of 34 gene pairs was identified in training data and validated in three independent datasets. The classified low-risk group had better OS than the classified high-risk group. We also analyzed the recurrent free survival or disease free survival (RFS/DFS) of the validation datasets, and the similar results were shown. Furthermore, although the signature was identified based on the OS of GC patients receiving ACRT, it was not a prognostic signature for patients treated with surgery alone, but may be a potential signature for 5-FU-based chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS The signature can accurately classify GC patients who may benefit from 5-FU-based ACRT, which could aid clinicians in tailoring more effective GC treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, China.
| | - Jun He
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Jiajing Xie
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yidan Shi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Haidan Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kong X, Fu M, Niu X, Jiang H. Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression, Relationship to Immune Infiltration and Prognosis of TIM-1 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1086. [PMID: 33014768 PMCID: PMC7498659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TIM-1 is a critical gene that regulates T-helper cell development. However, little research has revealed the distribution, prognosis, and immune infiltration of TIM-1 in cancers. TCGA, GEO, Oncomine, TIMER, Kaplan-Meier, PrognoScan, GEPIA, TISIDB, and HPA databases were used to analyze TIM-1 in cancers. High TIM-1 expression was observed in bladder, cholangio, head and neck, colorectal, gastric, kidney, liver, lung adenocarcinoma, skin, uterine corpus endometrial, and pancreatic cancers compared to the normal tissues, and immunofluorescence shows that TIM-1 is mainly localized in vesicles. Simultaneously, high TIM-1 expression was closely related with poorer overall survival in gastric, lung adenocarcinoma, and poorer disease-specific survival in gastric cancer in the TCGA cohort, and was validated in the GEO cohort. Moreover, high expression of TIM-1, correlated with clinical relevance of gastric cancer and lung adenocarcinoma, was associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in lung adenocarcinoma and gastric cancer. Finally, immunohistochemistry showed TIM-1 expression was higher in lung adenocarcinoma and gastric cancer compared to the normal tissues. In summary, we applied integrated bioinformatics approaches to suggest that TIM-1 can be used as a prognostic biomarker in gastric and lung adenocarcinoma, which might provide a novel direction to explore the pathogenesis of gastric and lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Meili Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Xing Niu
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongxing Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou J, Song Y, Gan W, Liu L, Chen G, Chen Z, Luo G, Zhang L, Zhang G, Wang P, Cao Y. Upregulation of COL8A1 indicates poor prognosis across human cancer types and promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:34. [PMID: 32774507 PMCID: PMC7405348 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) was one of the most common types of the digestive system. COL8A1 was reported to be associated with cancer progression. The present study showed COL8A1 was overexpressed and correlated to shorter overall survival (OS) time across human cancer types. Specially, our results showed COL8A1 was up-regulated in advanced stage GC compared to low stage GC samples. Higher expression of COL8A1 was significantly correlated to shorter OS time in patients with GC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed COL8A1 was involved in regulating cell proliferation and metastasis. Experimental validations of COL8A1 showed that silencing of COL8A1 could significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in GC. These results provided a potential target for the clinical prognosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Yaning Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Liye Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Guibing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Guode Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Guohu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Yongkuan Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xie L, Cai L, Wang F, Zhang L, Wang Q, Guo X. Systematic Review of Prognostic Gene Signature in Gastric Cancer Patients. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:805. [PMID: 32850704 PMCID: PMC7412969 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality and remains the fourth common cancer worldwide. The effective and feasible methods for predicting the possible outcomes for GC patients are still lacking. While genetic profiling might be suitable in some way, the application of gene expression signatures has been show to be a robust tool. Here, by performing a comprehensive search in PubMed, we provided an up-to-date summary of 39 prognostic gene signatures for GC patients, and described the processing procedure of the selection, calculation and construction of gene signature. We also reviewed current web tools including PROGgene and SurvExpress that can be used to analyze the prognostic value of multiple genes for GC. This review will aid in comprehensive understanding of the current prognostic gene signatures to accurately predict the outcome of GC patients, and may guide the future clinical management when the reliability of these signatures is validated in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Linghao Cai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anauate AC, Leal MF, Calcagno DQ, Gigek CO, Karia BTR, Wisnieski F, dos Santos LC, Chen ES, Burbano RR, Smith MAC. The Complex Network between MYC Oncogene and microRNAs in Gastric Cancer: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051782. [PMID: 32150871 PMCID: PMC7084225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements in cancer treatments, gastric cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In this context, it is of great interest to discover new and more effective ways of treating this disease. Accumulated evidences have demonstrated the amplification of 8q24.21 region in gastric tumors. Furthermore, this is the region where the widely known MYC oncogene and different microRNAs are located. MYC deregulation is key in tumorigenesis in various types of tissues, once it is associated with cell proliferation, survival, and drug resistance. microRNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate the protein translation, and which deregulation is related with gastric cancer development. However, little is understood about the interactions between microRNAs and MYC. Here, we overview the MYC role and its relationship with the microRNAs network in gastric cancer aiming to identify potential targets useful to be used in clinic, not only as biomarkers, but also as molecules for development of promising therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Anauate
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
- Disciplina de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém PA 66075-110, Brazil; (D.Q.C.); (R.R.B.)
| | - Carolina Oliveira Gigek
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Bruno Takao Real Karia
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
| | - Fernanda Wisnieski
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
- Disciplina de Gastroenterologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Caires dos Santos
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
| | - Elizabeth Suchi Chen
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
| | - Rommel Rodríguez Burbano
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém PA 66075-110, Brazil; (D.Q.C.); (R.R.B.)
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém PA 66063-240, Brazil
| | - Marília Arruda Cardoso Smith
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (M.F.L.); (C.O.G.); (B.T.R.K.); (F.W.); (L.C.d.S.); (E.S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-5576-4848
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao Q, Chen ZM. Feedback regulation between phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1 and transforming growth factor β1 and prognostic value in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:21-34. [PMID: 31933512 PMCID: PMC6952301 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1 (PREX1) was reported to be overexpressed in some cancers and involved in cancer development, but its expression and significance in gastric cancer remain unclear.
AIM To evaluate the expression of PREX1 in gastric cancer and its significance in the development of gastric cancer, especially to evaluate the potential mechanism of PREX1 in gastric cancer.
METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was performed in order to examine the expression of PREX1 in gastric cancer. The relationship between the survival rate of gastric cancer patients and PREX1 expression was assessed by Kaplan Meier portal. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and the correlation between PREX1 and transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 pathway-related mediators were evaluated by cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. Western blotting and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay were used to test the role of TGFβ1 on the expression of PREX1. Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter system was used to evaluate the effect of PREX1 on the activation of TGFβ1 pathway. Wound healing and Transwell assay were used to assess the effect of PREX1 on the metastasis activity of gastric cancer cells.
RESULTS PREX1 was overexpressed in the gastric tumors, and the expression levels were positively associated with the development of gastric cancer. Also, the high expression of PREX1 revealed poor prognosis, especially for those advanced and specific intestinal gastric cancer patients. PREX1 was closely involved in the positive regulation of cell adhesion and positively correlated with TGFβ1-related mediators. Furthermore, TGFβ1 could induce the expression of PREX1 at both the protein and mRNA level. Also, PREX1 could activate the TGFβ1 pathway. The induced PREX1 could increase the migration and invasion activity of gastric cancer cells.
CONCLUSION PREX1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer, and the high level of PREX1 predicts poor prognosis. PREX1 is closely associated with TGFβ signaling and promotes the metastasis of gastric cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shao
- Department of Chemotherapy/Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy/Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai H, Hou X, Ding Y, Fu Z, Wang L, Du Y. Prediction of gastric cancer prognosis in the next-generation sequencing era. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900019300029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide, and is caused by complex interactions of multiple risk factors such as environmental (Helicobacter pylori and Epstein–Barr Virus), hereditary (genetic alterations and epigenetic modifications), as well as dietary and lifestyle factors. GC is usually detected at an advanced stage, with a dismal prognosis. Even for patients with similar clinical or pathologic stage receiving similar treatment, the outcomes are still uneven and unpredictable. To better incorporate genetic and epigenetic profiles into GC prognostic predication, gene expression signatures have been developed to predict GC outcomes. More recently, the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology, also known as next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, and analysis has provided the basis for accurate molecular classification of GC tumors. Here, we summarized and updated the literature related to NGS studies of GC, including whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and targeted sequencing, and discussed current progresses. NGS has facilitated the identification of genetic/epigenetic targets for screening as well as development of targeted agent therapy, thus enabling individualized patient management and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Hou
- PLA Marine Corps Hospital, Chaozhou, Guangdong 521000, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxing Fu
- Ningguo Bio-Leader Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Anhui, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive, Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Du
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Knol AC, Nguyen JM, Pandolfino MC, Denis MG, Khammari A, Dréno B. PD-L1 expression by tumor cell lines: A predictive marker in melanoma. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:647-655. [PMID: 29505109 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prognostic biomarkers for patients with melanoma after lymph node resection are of clinical relevance and could thus enable the identification of patients who therefore would most benefit from adjuvant treatment. The aim of this work was to determine, using an in vitro model, whether immune-related biomarkers, such as MHC-class I and II, melanoma-associated antigens, IDO1 and PD-L1, could also be relevant to predict the risk of relapse of patients with stage III melanoma after lymph node resection. We established tumor cell lines from metastatic lymph nodes of 50 patients with melanoma. The expression of investigated biomarkers was determined on untreated and IFN-γ treated melanoma cell lines using flow cytometry. Among the selected biomarkers, the IFN-γ-induced expression of PD-L1 and IDO1 was associated with an increased risk of relapse (P = .0001 and P = .013, respectively) and was also associated with death for IDO1 (P = .0005). In the future, this immunologic signature could permit the identification of patients at higher risk of relapse and justifying an adjuvant treatment using immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Knol
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Nguyen
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Saint Jacques University Hospital, Service d'évaluation médicale et économique [SEME] Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire 11 [PHU11], CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Pandolfino
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique [UTCG], CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marc G Denis
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Plateforme de Génétique des Cancers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Amir Khammari
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Service de dermato-cancérologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Brigitte Dréno
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers [CRCINA], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM] INSERM1232, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique [UTCG], CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Service de dermato-cancérologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang M, Yu L, Wei X, Wei Y. Role of tumor gene mutations in treatment response to immune checkpoint blockades. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2019; 2:100-109. [PMID: 35692451 PMCID: PMC8985804 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbz006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Early studies shed light on the immune suppression of immune checkpoint molecules in the cancer microenvironment, with later studies applying immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in treatment of various malignancies. Despite the encouraging efficacy of ICBs in a substantial subset of cancer patients, the treatment response varies. Gene mutations of both tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment have recently been identified as potential predictors of the ICB response. Recent developments in gene expression profiling of tumors have allowed identification of a panel of mutated genes that may affect tumor cell response to ICB treatment. In this review, we discuss the association of the ICB response with gene expression and mutation profiles in tumor cells, which it is hoped will help to optimize the clinical application of ICBs in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Liu Yu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
UNR/ CSDE1 Expression Is Critical to Maintain Invasive Phenotype of Colorectal Cancer through Regulation of c-MYC and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8040560. [PMID: 31027221 PMCID: PMC6517883 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8040560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CSDE1 (cold shock domain containing E1) gene is located upstream of the N-RAS locus, and codes for an RNA-binding protein named Upstream of N-Ras (UNR). In cancer, CSDE1 has been shown to regulate c-Fos, c-Myc, Pten, Rac1, or Vimentin. UNR/CSDE1 has been studied in breast, melanoma, pancreatic and prostate cancer. Then, the aim of this study is to evaluate the role of CSDE1/UNR in colorectal cancer progression and maintenance of aggressive phenotype. We firstly evaluated UNR/CSDE1 expression in human colon cancer derived cell lines and patient samples. Subsequently, we performed functional experiments by UNR/CSDE1 downregulation. We also evaluated UNR/CSDE1 prognostic relevance in two independent sets of patients. Not only was UNR/CSDE1 expression higher in tumor samples compared to untransformed samples, but also in colonospheres and metastatic origin cell lines than their parental and primary cell lines, respectively. Downregulation of UNR/CSDE1 reduced cell viability and migration throughout a restrain of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and increases sensitivity to apoptosis. Interestingly, high UNR/CSDE1 expression was associated with poor prognosis and correlated positively with c-MYC expression in colorectal cancer samples and cell lines. Here, we show for the first time compelling data reporting the oncogenic role of UNR/CSDE1 in human colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
18
|
Song Y, Li Z, Xue W, Zhang M. Predictive biomarkers for PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Immunotherapy 2019; 11:515-529. [PMID: 30860441 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is very important for monitoring and eradicating cancer cells. However, there may be multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms to prevent effective antitumor immunity in the tumor environment, such as the negative immunologic regulators known as checkpoints. Antibodies that block the checkpoints programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway have made great success. Nevertheless, the response rates are likely to vary widely. Therefore, several researches are currently underway to determine which biomarkers are able to identify the group of patients who can obtain benefits from PD-1 and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This review focuses on potential predictive biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in order to provide advice and guidance for clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weili Xue
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Lymphoma Diagnosis & Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bauer L, Hapfelmeier A, Blank S, Reiche M, Slotta-Huspenina J, Jesinghaus M, Novotny A, Schmidt T, Grosser B, Kohlruss M, Weichert W, Ott K, Keller G. A novel pretherapeutic gene expression-based risk score for treatment guidance in gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:127-132. [PMID: 29069277 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perioperative chemotherapy is an established treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients. Treatment selection is based on clinical staging (cT). We aimed to establish and validate a prognostic score including clinical and molecular factors, to optimize treatment decisions for these patients. Patients and methods We analyzed 626 carcinomas of the stomach and of the gastro-esophageal junction from two academic centers including primarily resected and pre-/perioperatively treated patients. Patients were divided into a training (N = 269) and validation (N = 357) set. Expression of 11 target genes was measured by quantitative PCR in resected tumors. A risk score to predict overall survival (OS) was generated and validated. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity was assessed by analyzing 50 tumor areas from 10 patients. Results A risk score including the expression of CCL5, CTNNB1, EXOSC3 and LZTR1 and the clinical parameters cT, tumor localization and histopathologic type suggested two groups with a significant difference in OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.52]. The risk score was successfully validated in an independent cohort (HR 0.32; 95% CI 0.21-0.51; P < 0.001) as well as in subgroups of primarily resected (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.17-0.54; P < 0.001) and pre-/perioperatively treated patients (HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17-0.81; P = 0.009). A significant difference in OS of high- and low-risk patients was also found in primarily resected patients with intestinal (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.23-0.90; P = 0.020) and nonintestinal-type carcinomas (HR 0.1; 95% CI 0.02-0.42; P < 0.001). Intra-tumor heterogeneity analysis indicated a classification reliability of 95% for a supposed analysis of three biopsies. Conclusion The identified risk score could substantially contribute to an improved management of gastric cancer patients in the context of perioperative chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bauer
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Hapfelmeier
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Blank
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Slotta-Huspenina
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Jesinghaus
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Novotny
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Grosser
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Kohlruss
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Weichert
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K Ott
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - G Keller
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prognostic values of E2F mRNA expression in human gastric cancer. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181264. [PMID: 30487158 PMCID: PMC6435564 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world, with Eastern Asia having the highest incidence rates. E2F is a family of transcription factor proteins that has a variety of functions, which include control of cell cycle, cell differentiation, DNA damage response and cell death. E2F transcription factors are divided into two subfamilies: transcription activators (E2F transcription factors 1 (E2F1), 2 (E2F2) and 3a (E2F3a)) and repressors (E2F3b, E2F transcription factors 4 (E2F4), 5 (E2F5), 6 (E2F6), 7 (E2F7) and 8 (E2F8)). Studies have demonstrated that E2F had prognostic significance in a number of cancers. However, the entirety of the prognostic roles of E2F mRNA expression in GC has not yet been apparently determined. In the present study, the prognostic value of individual family members of E2F mRNA expression for overall survival (OS) was evaluated by using online Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KM Plotter) database. Our result demonstrated that high expressions of three family members of E2F (E2F1, E2F3, E2F4) mRNA were significantly associated with unfavourable OS in all GC patients. However, increased expressions of E2F2, E2F5, E2F6 and E2F7 were significantly associated with favourable OS, especially for higher clinical stages in GC patients. These results provided a better insight into the prognostic functions of E2F mRNA genes in GC. Although the results should be further verified in clinical trials, our findings may be a favourable prognostic predictor for the development of newer therapeutic drugs in the treatment of GC.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chapman MA, Sive J, Ambrose J, Roddie C, Counsell N, Lach A, Abbasian M, Popat R, Cavenagh JD, Oakervee H, Streetly MJ, Schey S, Koh M, Willis F, Virchis AE, Crowe J, Quinn MF, Cook G, Crawley CR, Pratt G, Cook M, Braganza N, Adedayo T, Smith P, Clifton-Hadley L, Owen RG, Sonneveld P, Keats JJ, Herrero J, Yong K. RNA-seq of newly diagnosed patients in the PADIMAC study leads to a bortezomib/lenalidomide decision signature. Blood 2018; 132:2154-2165. [PMID: 30181174 PMCID: PMC6310235 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-05-849893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving outcomes in multiple myeloma will involve not only development of new therapies but also better use of existing treatments. We performed RNA sequencing on samples from newly diagnosed patients enrolled in the phase 2 PADIMAC (Bortezomib, Adriamycin, and Dexamethasone Therapy for Previously Untreated Patients with Multiple Myeloma: Impact of Minimal Residual Disease in Patients with Deferred ASCT) study. Using synthetic annealing and the large margin nearest neighbor algorithm, we developed and trained a 7-gene signature to predict treatment outcome. We tested the signature in independent cohorts treated with bortezomib- and lenalidomide-based therapies. The signature was capable of distinguishing which patients would respond better to which regimen. In the CoMMpass data set, patients who were treated correctly according to the signature had a better progression-free survival (median, 20.1 months vs not reached; hazard ratio [HR], 0.40; confidence interval [CI], 0.23-0.72; P = .0012) and overall survival (median, 30.7 months vs not reached; HR, 0.41; CI, 0.21-0.80; P = .0049) than those who were not. Indeed, the outcome for these correctly treated patients was noninferior to that for those treated with combined bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone, arguably the standard of care in the United States but not widely available elsewhere. The small size of the signature will facilitate clinical translation, thus enabling more targeted drug regimens to be delivered in myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Chapman
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Sive
- Department of Haemato-oncology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Ambrose
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Roddie
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Counsell
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Lach
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mahnaz Abbasian
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Popat
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie D Cavenagh
- Department of Haemato-oncology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Oakervee
- Department of Haemato-oncology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Streetly
- Department of Haematology, Guys and St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Schey
- Department of Haematology, Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mickey Koh
- Department of Haematology, St. George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fenella Willis
- Department of Haematology, St. George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andres E Virchis
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free London, Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Crowe
- Department of Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Michael F Quinn
- Department of Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Cook
- Department of Haematology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Crawley
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Pratt
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Cook
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nivette Braganza
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toyin Adedayo
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Smith
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roger G Owen
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonathan J Keats
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Javier Herrero
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kwee Yong
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang J, Liang WJ, Min GT, Wang HP, Chen W, Yao N. LTBP2 promotes the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells and predicts poor outcome of patients with gastric cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1886-1898. [PMID: 29620158 PMCID: PMC5919710 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent transforming growth factor-β-binding protein (LTBP)2 is a member of the fibrillin/LTBP superfamily of extracellular matrix proteins, and has been demonstrated to exhibit tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive functions in different types of cancer. However, the function of LTBP2 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and molecular function of LTBP2 in GC, and to evaluate its prognostic value for patients with GC. The results revealed that the expression of LTBP2 was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Increased LTBP2 expression was associated with poor overall survival in patients with early-stage [tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) I/II] and late-stage (TNM III/IV) GC. Furthermore, silencing of LTBP2 effectively suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in GC cells. These results suggested that LTBP2 may be considered as a potential therapeutic target and a promising prognostic biomarker for human GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jia Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Tao Min
- Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Peng Wang
- Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yao
- Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Szász AM, Lánczky A, Nagy Á, Förster S, Hark K, Green JE, Boussioutas A, Busuttil R, Szabó A, Győrffy B. Cross-validation of survival associated biomarkers in gastric cancer using transcriptomic data of 1,065 patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49322-49333. [PMID: 27384994 PMCID: PMC5226511 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 733] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple gene expression based prognostic biomarkers have been repeatedly identified in gastric carcinoma. However, without confirmation in an independent validation study, their clinical utility is limited. Our goal was to establish a robust database enabling the swift validation of previous and future gastric cancer survival biomarker candidates. Results The entire database incorporates 1,065 gastric carcinoma samples, gene expression data. Out of 29 established markers, higher expression of BECN1 (HR = 0.68, p = 1.5E-05), CASP3 (HR = 0.5, p = 6E-14), COX2 (HR = 0.72, p = 0.0013), CTGF (HR = 0.72, p = 0.00051), CTNNB1 (HR = 0.47, p = 4.3E-15), MET (HR = 0.63, p = 1.3E-05), and SIRT1 (HR = 0.64, p = 2.2E-07) correlated to longer OS. Higher expression of BIRC5 (HR = 1.45, p = 1E-04), CNTN1 (HR = 1.44, p = 3.5E- 05), EGFR (HR = 1.86, p = 8.5E-11), ERCC1 (HR = 1.36, p = 0.0012), HER2 (HR = 1.41, p = 0.00011), MMP2 (HR = 1.78, p = 2.6E-09), PFKB4 (HR = 1.56, p = 3.2E-07), SPHK1 (HR = 1.61, p = 3.1E-06), SP1 (HR = 1.45, p = 1.6E-05), TIMP1 (HR = 1.92, p = 2.2E- 10) and VEGF (HR = 1.53, p = 5.7E-06) were predictive for poor OS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We integrated samples of three major cancer research centers (Berlin, Bethesda and Melbourne datasets) and publicly available datasets with available follow-up data to form a single integrated database. Subsequently, we performed a literature search for prognostic markers in gastric carcinomas (PubMed, 2012–2015) and re-validated their findings predicting first progression (FP) and overall survival (OS) using uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Conclusions The major advantage of our analysis is that we evaluated all genes in the same set of patients thereby making direct comparison of the markers feasible. The best performing genes include BIRC5, CASP3, CTNNB1, TIMP-1, MMP-2, SIRT, and VEGF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Marcell Szász
- MTA-TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Lánczky
- MTA-TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nagy
- MTA-TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susann Förster
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kim Hark
- Transgenic Oncogenesis and Genomics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Green
- Transgenic Oncogenesis and Genomics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alex Boussioutas
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rita Busuttil
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - András Szabó
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA-TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shao L, Chen Z, Peng D, Soutto M, Zhu S, Bates A, Zhang S, El-Rifai W. Methylation of the HOXA10 Promoter Directs miR-196b-5p-Dependent Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:696-706. [PMID: 29453320 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cross-talk between epigenetics and miRNA expression plays an important role in human tumorigenesis. Herein, the regulation and role of miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer was investigated. qRT-PCR demonstrated that miR-196b-5p is significantly overexpressed in human gastric cancer tissues (P < 0.01). In addition, it was determined that HOXA10, a homeobox family member and host gene for miR-196b-5p, is overexpressed and positively correlated with miR-196b-5p expression levels (P < 0.001). Quantitative pyrosequencing methylation analysis demonstrated significantly lower levels of DNA methylation at the HOXA10 promoter in gastric cancer, as compared with nonneoplastic gastric mucosa specimens. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment confirmed that demethylation of HOXA10 promoter induces the expression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer cell model systems. Using the Tff1 knockout mouse model of gastric neoplasia, hypomethylation and overexpression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p in gastric tumors was observed, as compared with normal gastric mucosa from Tff1 wild-type mice. Mechanistically, reconstitution of TFF1 in human gastric cancer cells led to an increased HOXA10 promoter methylation with reduced expression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p. Functionally, miR-196b-5p reconstitution promoted human gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro In summary, the current data demonstrate overexpression of miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer and suggest that TFF1 plays an important role in suppressing the expression of miR-196b-5p by mediating DNA methylation of the HOXA10 promoter. Loss of TFF1 expression may promote proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through induction of promoter hypomethylation and expression of the HOXA10/miR-196b-5p axis.Implications: This study indicates that loss of TFF1 promotes the aberrant overexpression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p by demethylation of the HOXA10 promoter, which provides a new perspective of TFF1/HOXA10/miR-196b-5p functions in human gastric cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 696-706. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Andreia Bates
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. .,Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, Florida.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu J, Armstrong AJ, Friedlander TW, Kim W, Pal SK, George DJ, Zhang T. Biomarkers of immunotherapy in urothelial and renal cell carcinoma: PD-L1, tumor mutational burden, and beyond. J Immunother Cancer 2018; 6:4. [PMID: 29368638 PMCID: PMC5784676 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1 pathway have greatly changed clinical management of metastatic urothelial carcinoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, response rates are low, and biomarkers are needed to predict for treatment response. Immunohistochemical quantification of PD-L1 was developed as a promising biomarker in early clinical trials, but many shortcomings of the four different assays (different antibodies, disparate cellular populations, and different thresholds of positivity) have limited its clinical utility. Further limitations include the use of archival specimens to measure this dynamic biomarker. Indeed, until PD-L1 testing is standardized and can consistently predict treatment outcome, the currently available PD-L1 assays are not clinically useful in urothelial and renal cell carcinoma. Other more promising biomarkers include tumor mutational burden, profiles of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, molecular subtypes, and PD-L2. Potentially, a composite biomarker may be best but will need prospective testing to validate such a biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Zhu
- Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Won Kim
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Tian Zhang
- Duke Cancer Institute, DUMC 103861, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kuboki Y, Schatz CA, Koechert K, Schubert S, Feng J, Wittemer-Rump S, Ziegelbauer K, Krahn T, Nagatsuma AK, Ochiai A. In situ analysis of FGFR2 mRNA and comparison with FGFR2 gene copy number by dual-color in situ hybridization in a large cohort of gastric cancer patients. Gastric Cancer 2018; 21:401-412. [PMID: 28852882 PMCID: PMC5906494 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-017-0758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2) has been proposed as a target in gastric cancer. However, appropriate methods to select patients for anti-FGFR2 therapies have not yet been established. METHODS We used in situ techniques to investigate FGFR2 mRNA expression and gene amplification in a large cohort of 1036 Japanese gastric cancer patients. FGFR2 mRNA expression was determined by RNAscope. FGFR2 gene amplification was determined by dual-color in situ hybridization (DISH). RESULTS We successfully analyzed 578 and 718 samples by DISH and RNAscope, respectively; 2% (12/578) showed strong FGFR2 gene amplification (FGFR2:CEN10 >10); moderate FGFR2 gene amplification (FGFR2:CEN10 <10; ≥2) was detected in 8% (47/578); and high FGFR2 mRNA expression of score 4 (>10 dots/cell and >10% of positive cells with dot clusters under a 20× objective) was seen in 4% (29/718). For 468 samples, both mRNA and DISH data were available. FGFR2 mRNA expression levels were associated with gene amplification; FGFR2 mRNA levels were highest in the highly amplified samples (n = 12). All highly amplified samples showed very strong FGFR2 mRNA expression (dense clusters of the signal visible under a 1× objective). Patients with very strong FGFR2 mRNA expression showed more homogeneous FGFR2 mRNA expression compared to patients with lower FGFGR2 mRNA expression. Gastric cancer patients with tumors that had an FGFR2 mRNA expression score of 4 had shorter RFS compared with score 0-3 patients. CONCLUSION RNAscope and DISH are suitable methods to evaluate FGFR2 status in gastric cancer. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue slides allowed evaluation of the intratumor heterogeneity of these FGFR2 biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutoshi Kuboki
- 0000 0001 2168 5385grid.272242.3National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Christoph A. Schatz
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Koechert
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Schubert
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Feng
- 0000 0004 0534 4718grid.418158.1Ventana Medical Systems Inc., Oro Valley, AZ USA
| | - Sabine Wittemer-Rump
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Ziegelbauer
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Krahn
- 0000 0004 0374 4101grid.420044.6Bayer AG, Muellerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Akiko Kawano Nagatsuma
- National Cancer Center, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- 0000 0001 2168 5385grid.272242.3National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa, Kashiwa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
CONCORD biomarker prediction for novel drug introduction to different cancer types. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1091-1106. [PMID: 29416679 PMCID: PMC5787421 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancer therapeutic agents have shown to be effective for treating multiple cancer types. Yet major challenges exist toward introducing a novel drug used in one cancer type to different cancer types, especially when a relatively small number of patients with the other cancer type often benefit from anti-cancer therapy with the drug. Recently, many novel agents were introduced to different cancer types together with companion biomarkers which were obtained or biologically assumed from the original cancer type. However, there is no guarantee that biomarkers from one cancer can directly predict a therapeutic response in another. To tackle this challenging question, we have developed a concordant expression biomarker-based technique ("CONCORD") that overcomes these limitations. CONCORD predicts drug responses from one cancer type to another by identifying concordantly co-expressed biomarkers across different cancer systems. Application of CONCORD to three standard chemotherapeutic agents and two targeted agents demonstrated its ability to accurately predict the effectiveness of a drug against new cancer types and predict therapeutic response in patients.
Collapse
|
28
|
Gigek CO, Calcagno DQ, Rasmussen LT, Santos LC, Leal MF, Wisnieski F, Burbano RR, Lourenço LG, Lopes-Filho GJ, Smith MAC. Genetic variants in gastric cancer: Risks and clinical implications. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 103:101-111. [PMID: 28736214 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disease that involves many molecular alterations. Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. GC is a highly heterogeneous disease with different molecular and genetics features. Therefore, this review focuses on an overview of the genetic aspects of gastric cancer by highlighting the important impact and role of deletions and/or duplications of chromosomal segments, genomic variants, H. pylori infection and interleukin variants, as found in gene expression and newly proposed molecular classification studies. The challenge is to better understand the mechanisms and different pathways that lead to the development and progression of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Oliveira Gigek
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04023-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Cirúrgica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP: 04024-002 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), CEP: 66073-000 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Caires Santos
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04023-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04023-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04038-032 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Wisnieski
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04023-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laercio Gomes Lourenço
- Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Cirúrgica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP: 04024-002 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gaspar Jesus Lopes-Filho
- Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Cirúrgica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP: 04024-002 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia Arruda Cardoso Smith
- Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), CEP 04023-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dalleau K, Marzougui Y, Da Silva S, Ringot P, Ndiaye NC, Coulet A. Learning from biomedical linked data to suggest valid pharmacogenes. J Biomed Semantics 2017; 8:16. [PMID: 28427468 PMCID: PMC5399403 DOI: 10.1186/s13326-017-0125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A standard task in pharmacogenomics research is identifying genes that may be involved in drug response variability, i.e., pharmacogenes. Because genomic experiments tended to generate many false positives, computational approaches based on the use of background knowledge have been proposed. Until now, only molecular networks or the biomedical literature were used, whereas many other resources are available. Method We propose here to consume a diverse and larger set of resources using linked data related either to genes, drugs or diseases. One of the advantages of linked data is that they are built on a standard framework that facilitates the joint use of various sources, and thus facilitates considering features of various origins. We propose a selection and linkage of data sources relevant to pharmacogenomics, including for example DisGeNET and Clinvar. We use machine learning to identify and prioritize pharmacogenes that are the most probably valid, considering the selected linked data. This identification relies on the classification of gene–drug pairs as either pharmacogenomically associated or not and was experimented with two machine learning methods –random forest and graph kernel–, which results are compared in this article. Results We assembled a set of linked data relative to pharmacogenomics, of 2,610,793 triples, coming from six distinct resources. Learning from these data, random forest enables identifying valid pharmacogenes with a F-measure of 0.73, on a 10 folds cross-validation, whereas graph kernel achieves a F-measure of 0.81. A list of top candidates proposed by both approaches is provided and their obtention is discussed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13326-017-0125-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dalleau
- LORIA (CNRS, Inria Nancy-Grand Est, University of Lorraine), Campus Scientifique, Nancy, France
| | - Yassine Marzougui
- LORIA (CNRS, Inria Nancy-Grand Est, University of Lorraine), Campus Scientifique, Nancy, France.,Ecole nationale supérieure des mines de Nancy, Campus Artem, Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Da Silva
- LORIA (CNRS, Inria Nancy-Grand Est, University of Lorraine), Campus Scientifique, Nancy, France
| | - Patrice Ringot
- LORIA (CNRS, Inria Nancy-Grand Est, University of Lorraine), Campus Scientifique, Nancy, France
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- UMR U1122 IGE-PCV (INSERM, University of Lorraine), 30 Rue Lionnois, Nancy, France
| | - Adrien Coulet
- LORIA (CNRS, Inria Nancy-Grand Est, University of Lorraine), Campus Scientifique, Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
High STMN1 level is associated with chemo-resistance and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1177-1185. [PMID: 28334732 PMCID: PMC5418450 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein that regulates cellular microtubule dynamics and is known to have oncogenic activity. Despite several reports, its roles in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear owing to a lack of analyses of highly metastatic cases. This study aimed to investigate STMN1 as a prognostic and predictive indicator of response to paclitaxel therapy in patients with GC, including inoperable cases. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of STMN1 was performed on both operable (n=95) and inoperable GC (n=61) samples. The roles of STMN1 in cancer cell proliferation and sensitivity to a microtubule-targeting drug, paclitaxel, were confirmed by knockdown experiments using GC cell lines. Results: Multivariate and Kaplan–Meier analyses demonstrated that high STMN1 was predictive of poor prognosis in both the groups. In the operable cohort, STMN1 expression correlated with cancer curability, recurrence, and resistance to adjuvant therapy. A correlation with paclitaxel resistance was observed in inoperable cases. Knockdown of STMN1 in GC cell lines inhibited proliferation and sensitised the cells to paclitaxel by enhancing apoptosis. Conclusions: STMN1 is a possible biomarker for paclitaxel sensitivity and poor prognosis in GC and could be a novel therapeutic target in metastatic GC.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jamieson NB, Maker AV. Gene-expression profiling to predict responsiveness to immunotherapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2016; 24:134-140. [PMID: 27834354 PMCID: PMC5386795 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2016.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical successes with immunotherapy have resulted in expanding indications for cancer therapy. To enhance anti-tumor immune responses, and to better choose specific strategies matched to patient and tumor characteristics, genomic-driven precision immunotherapy will be necessary. Herein, we explore the role that tumor gene expression profiling (GEP) and transcriptome expression may play in the prediction of an immunotherapeutic response. Genetic markers associated with response to immunotherapy are addressed as they pertain to the tumor genomic landscape, the extent of DNA damage, tumor mutational load, and tumor-specific neoantigens. Furthermore, genetic markers associated with resistance to checkpoint blockade and relapse are reviewed. Finally, the utility of GEP to identify new tumor types for immunotherapy and implications for combinatorial strategies are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N B Jamieson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences and the Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.,West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - A V Maker
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tong M, Zheng W, Li H, Li X, Ao L, Shen Y, Liang Q, Li J, Hong G, Yan H, Cai H, Li M, Guan Q, Guo Z. Multi-omics landscapes of colorectal cancer subtypes discriminated by an individualized prognostic signature for 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e242. [PMID: 27429074 PMCID: PMC5399173 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, few prognostic signatures for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy could be used in clinical practice. Here, using transcriptional profiles for a panel of cancer cell lines and three cohorts of CRC patients, we developed a prognostic signature based on within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) of six gene pairs for stage II-III CRC patients receiving 5-FU-based chemotherapy. This REO-based signature had the unique advantage of being insensitive to experimental batch effects and free of the impractical data normalization requirement. After stratifying 184 CRC samples with multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas into two prognostic groups using the REO-based signature, we further revealed that patients with high recurrence risk were characterized by frequent gene copy number aberrations reducing 5-FU efficacy and DNA methylation aberrations inducing distinct transcriptional alternations to confer 5-FU resistance. In contrast, patients with low recurrence risk exhibited deficient mismatch repair and carried frequent gene mutations suppressing cell adhesion. These results reveal the multi-omics landscapes determining prognoses of stage II-III CRC patients receiving 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - W Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - L Ao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Q Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - G Hong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - H Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - H Cai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Q Guan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park JW, Park JM, Park DM, Kim DY, Kim HK. Stem Cells Antigen-1 Enriches for a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Subpopulation in Mouse Gastric Cancer. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1177-87. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Won Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hark Kyun Kim
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim ST, Ahn S, Lee J, Lee SJ, Park SH, Park YS, Lim HY, Kang WK, Kim KM, Park JO. Value of FGFR2 expression for advanced gastric cancer patients receiving pazopanib plus CapeOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1231-7. [PMID: 26983912 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to use immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine the effect of FGFR2 and VEGFR2 expression on treatment outcomes for patients with metastatic or recurrent advanced gastric cancer (AGC) receiving a combination of pazopanib with CapeOx (capecitabine and oxaliplatin). METHODS We conducted a single-arm, open-label phase II study to determine the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of pazopanib with CapeOx in 66 patients with metastatic or recurrent AGC (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01130805). IHC analysis of FGFR2 and VEGFR2 was possible in 54 patients (81.8 %). RESULTS Among 54 patients, the median age was 51.5 years (range 23-72 years). Male patients were 59.3 %. Seven patients (13.5 %) had tumor tissues that expressed FGFR2 by IHC. No patients had tumors that expressed VEGFR2. Among seven patients with tumors with FGFR2 expression, six achieved partial response (PR) with a 85.7 % response rate and one patient with stable disease. Among 47 patients with tumors without FGFR2 expression, one had complete response and 27 had PR (59.5 %). A significant difference in PFS was seen between patients who were positive and negative for FGFR2 using IHC (8.5 vs. 5.6 months, P = 0.050). By prognostic analysis for PFS, only FGFR2 status by IHC (positive vs. negative) had significant prognostic value for predicting PFS. CONCLUSIONS FGFR2 expression by IHC might be a useful biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes of patients with metastatic or recurrent AGC treated with a combination of pazopanib and CapeOx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Tae Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Soomin Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Young Suk Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Ho Yeong Lim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Oh Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li X, Cai H, Zheng W, Tong M, Li H, Ao L, Li J, Hong G, Li M, Guan Q, Yang S, Yang D, Lin X, Guo Z. An individualized prognostic signature for gastric cancer patients treated with 5-Fluorouracil-based chemotherapy and distinct multi-omics characteristics of prognostic groups. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8743-55. [PMID: 26840027 PMCID: PMC4891001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is currently the first-line treatment for gastric cancer. In this study, using gene expression profiles for a panel of cell lines with drug sensitivity data and two cohorts of patients, we extracted a signature consisting of two gene pairs (KCNE2 and API5, KCNE2 and PRPF3) whose within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) could robustly predict prognoses of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy. This REOs-based signature was insensitive to experimental batch effects and could be directly applied to samples measured by different laboratories. Taking this unique advantage of the REOs-based signature, we classified gastric cancer samples of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into two prognostic groups with distinct transcriptional characteristics, circumventing the usage of confounded TCGA survival data. We further showed that the two prognostic groups displayed distinct copy number, gene mutation and DNA methylation landscapes using the TCGA multi-omics data. The results provided hints for understanding molecular mechanisms determining prognoses of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weicheng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengsha Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongdong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Ao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guini Hong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingzhou Guan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yan JF, Kim H, Jeong SK, Lee HJ, Sethi MK, Lee LY, Beavis RC, Im H, Snyder MP, Hofree M, Ideker T, Wu SL, Paik YK, Fanayan S, Hancock WS. Integrated Proteomic and Genomic Analysis of Gastric Cancer Patient Tissues. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4995-5006. [PMID: 26435392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
V-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homologue 2, known as ERBB2, is an important oncogene in the development of certain cancers. It can form a heterodimer with other epidermal growth factor receptor family members and activate kinase-mediated downstream signaling pathways. ERBB2 gene is located on chromosome 17 and is amplified in a subset of cancers, such as breast, gastric, and colon cancer. Of particular interest to the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) initiative is the amplification mechanism that typically results in overexpression of a set of genes adjacent to ERBB2, which provides evidence of a linkage between gene location and expression. In this report we studied patient samples from ERBB2-positive together with adjacent control nontumor tissues. In addition, non-ERBB2-expressing patient samples were selected as comparison to study the effect of expression of this oncogene. We detected 196 proteins in ERBB2-positive patient tumor samples that had minimal overlap (29 proteins) with the non-ERBB2 tumor samples. Interaction and pathway analysis identified extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) cascade and actin polymerization and actinmyosin assembly contraction as pathways of importance in ERBB2+ and ERBB2- gastric cancer samples, respectively. The raw data files are deposited at ProteomeXchange (identifier: PXD002674) as well as GPMDB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fangfei Yan
- Barnett Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hoguen Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Jeong
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center, Yonsei University , 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Joo Lee
- Yonsei Proteome Research Center, Yonsei University , 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Manveen K Sethi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Ling Y Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Ronald C Beavis
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Hogune Im
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matan Hofree
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Trey Ideker
- Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shiaw-Lin Wu
- Barnett Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Young-Ki Paik
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University , 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea.,Yonsei Proteome Research Center, Yonsei University , 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Susan Fanayan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - William S Hancock
- Barnett Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gastric cancer and gene copy number variation: emerging cancer drivers for targeted therapy. Oncogene 2015; 35:1475-82. [PMID: 26073079 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common malignancy in the world with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. It has been established that gastric carcinogenesis is caused by a complex interaction between host and environmental factors. Copy number variation (CNV) refers to a form of genomic structural variation that results in abnormal gene copy numbers, including gene amplification, gain, loss and deletion. DNA CNV is an important influential factor for the expression of both protein-coding and non-coding genes, affecting the activity of various signaling pathways. CNV arises as a result of preferential selection that favors cancer development, and thus, targeting the amplified 'driver genes' in GC may provide novel opportunities for personalized therapy. The detection of CNVs in chromosomal or mitochondrial DNA from tissue or blood samples may assist the diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy of GC. In this review, we discuss the recent CNV discoveries that shed light on the molecular pathogenesis of GC, with a specific emphasis on CNVs that display diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic significances in GC.
Collapse
|
38
|
Park YS, Na YS, Ryu MH, Lee CW, Park HJ, Lee JK, Park SR, Ryoo BY, Kang YK. FGFR2 Assessment in Gastric Cancer Using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, and Immunohistochemistry. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 143:865-72. [PMID: 25972329 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpnflsmwwpp8dr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) amplification has been reported to be a target for treatment in gastric cancer. However, an optimal tissue source and method for evaluating FGFR2 have yet to be established. METHODS Copy numbers were compared by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using frozen vs formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and biopsy vs surgical specimens. We correlated the results of qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using stage IV gastric cancer biopsy specimens and validated the results in surgical specimens. RESULTS FFPE tissues were suitable for qPCR, and biopsy specimens were equivalent to or better than surgical specimens. qPCR and IHC results exhibited an excellent correlation with FISH at eight or more copies by qPCR in any kind of tissue, 5% or more by IHC in biopsy specimens, and 10% or more by IHC in surgical specimens. FGFR2 amplification was 6.6% in stage IV gastric cancers, and 42% of these showed heterogeneous amplification and overexpression. IHC indicated a good correlation with FISH even in the heterogeneous cases. CONCLUSIONS FFPE biopsy tissues are an adequate source for FGFR2 evaluation in gastric carcinomas, and a qPCR-based copy number assay can be used for screening. IHC is also a valid and practical method for evaluating FGFR2, considering frequent heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Soo Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soon Na
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Won Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Kyung Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Ryun Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Yeol Ryoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Koo Kang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Park D, Lee SC, Park JW, Cho SY, Kim HK. Overexpression of miR-17 in gastric cancer is correlated with proliferation-associated oncogene amplification. Pathol Int 2015; 64:309-14. [PMID: 25047501 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying microRNA (miR)-17 overexpression has not been clearly evaluated in gastric cancer. We aimed to evaluate the functional roles of miR-17 in gastric cancer and test its viability as a therapeutic target. We conducted comparative genomic hybridization and expression array analyses on human gastric cancer tissue samples, as well as evaluating the functional roles of miR-17 in gastric cancer cell lines and transgenic mice. miR-17 overexpression in gastric cancer patients was associated with copy number gain of proliferation-associated oncogenes such as MYC, CCNE1, ERBB2, and FGFR2. Copy number gain of MIR17HG gene (13q31.3) was rare, with an overall frequency of 2% in gastric cancers (1 of 51). miR-17 knockdown suppressed the monolayer and anchorage-independent growth of FGFR2-amplified KATO-III gastric cancer cells. mir-17-92 TG/TG mice overexpressing the mir-17-92 cluster under the villin promoter developed spontaneous benign tumors in the intestinal tract (log-rank P for tumor-free survival = 0.069). Taken together, miR-17 overexpression in gastric cancer was rarely associated with MIR17HG gene amplification, but correlated with proliferation-associated oncogene amplification. Therefore, miR-17-targeting approach may benefit patients with gastric cancers harboring proliferation-associated oncogene amplification.
Collapse
|
40
|
Therapeutic targeting of fibroblast growth factor receptors in gastric cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:796380. [PMID: 26000013 PMCID: PMC4427097 DOI: 10.1155/2015/796380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has become the global standard treatment for patients with metastatic or unresectable gastric cancer (GC), although outcomes remain unfavorable. Many molecular-targeted therapies inhibiting signaling pathways of various tyrosine kinase receptors have been developed, and monoclonal antibodies targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) have become standard therapy for HER2-positive GC. An inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or MET has also produced promising results in patients with GC. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) play key roles in tumor growth via activated signaling pathways in GC. Genomic amplification of FGFR2 leads to the aberrant activation found in GC tumors and is related to survival in patients with GC. This review discusses the clinical relevance of FGFR in GC and examines FGFR as a potential therapeutic target in patients with GC. Preclinical studies in animal models suggest that multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including FGFR inhibitor, suppress tumor cell proliferation and delay tumor progression. Several TKIs are now being evaluated in clinical trials as treatment for metastatic or unresectable GC harboring FGFR2 amplification.
Collapse
|
41
|
Grech G, Zhan X, Yoo BC, Bubnov R, Hagan S, Danesi R, Vittadini G, Desiderio DM. EPMA position paper in cancer: current overview and future perspectives. EPMA J 2015; 6:9. [PMID: 25908947 PMCID: PMC4407842 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-015-0030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
At present, a radical shift in cancer treatment is occurring in terms of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). Individual patients will participate in more aspects of their healthcare. During the development of PPPM, many rapid, specific, and sensitive new methods for earlier detection of cancer will result in more efficient management of the patient and hence a better quality of life. Coordination of the various activities among different healthcare professionals in primary, secondary, and tertiary care requires well-defined competencies, implementation of training and educational programs, sharing of data, and harmonized guidelines. In this position paper, the current knowledge to understand cancer predisposition and risk factors, the cellular biology of cancer, predictive markers and treatment outcome, the improvement in technologies in screening and diagnosis, and provision of better drug development solutions are discussed in the context of a better implementation of personalized medicine. Recognition of the major risk factors for cancer initiation is the key for preventive strategies (EPMA J. 4(1):6, 2013). Of interest, cancer predisposing syndromes in particular the monogenic subtypes that lead to cancer progression are well defined and one should focus on implementation strategies to identify individuals at risk to allow preventive measures and early screening/diagnosis. Implementation of such measures is disturbed by improper use of the data, with breach of data protection as one of the risks to be heavily controlled. Population screening requires in depth cost-benefit analysis to justify healthcare costs, and the parameters screened should provide information that allow an actionable and deliverable solution, for better healthcare provision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Grech
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Division of Translational and Clinical Research I, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, 410-769 Republic of Korea
| | - Rostyslav Bubnov
- Clinical Hospital 'Pheophania' of State Management of Affairs Department, Kyiv, Ukraine ; Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Suzanne Hagan
- Dept of Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Romano Danesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Dominic M Desiderio
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Center for Health Science, Memphis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Park JW, Park DM, Choi BK, Kwon BS, Seong JK, Green JE, Kim DY, Kim HK. Establishment and characterization of metastatic gastric cancer cell lines from murine gastric adenocarcinoma lacking Smad4, p53, and E-cadherin. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1521-7. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Won Park
- National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Park
- National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Beom K. Choi
- National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung S. Kwon
- National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey E. Green
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics; National Cancer Institute; Bethesda Maryland
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hark Kyun Kim
- National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mutually exclusive FGFR2, HER2, and KRAS gene amplifications in gastric cancer revealed by multicolour FISH. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:167-75. [PMID: 25086186 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of global cancer mortality. Previous genomic studies have reported that several RTK-RAS pathway components are amplified in GC, with individual tumours often amplifying one component and not others ("mutual exclusivity"). Here, we sought to validate these findings for three RTK/RAS components (FGFR2, HER2, KRAS) using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on a series of gastric tumours, cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. Applying dual-colour FISH on 137 gastric tumours (89 FFPE surgical resections and 48 diagnostic biopsies), we observed FGFR2 amplification in 7.3% and HER2 amplification in 2.2% of GCs. GCs exhibiting FGFR2 amplification were associated with high tumour grade (p = 0.034). In FISH positive tumours, striking differences in copy number levels between cancer cells in the same tumour were observed, suggesting intra-tumour heterogeneity. Using a multicolour FISH assay allowing simultaneous detection of FGFR2, HER2, and KRAS amplifications, we confirmed that these components exhibited a mutually exclusive pattern of gene amplification across patients. The FISH data were also strongly correlated with Q-PCR levels and at the protein level by immunohistochemistry. Our data confirm that RTK/RAS components are mutually exclusively amplified in GC, and demonstrate the feasibility of identifying multiple aneuploidies using a single FISH assay. Application of this assay to GC samples, particularly diagnostic biopsies, may facilitate enrollment of GC patients into clinical trials evaluating RTK/RAS directed therapies. However, the presence of intra-tumour heterogeneity may require multiple biopsy samples to be obtained per patient before a definitive diagnosis can be attained.
Collapse
|
44
|
Jang SH, Park JW, Kim HR, Seong JK, Kim HK. ADRM1 gene amplification is a candidate driver for metastatic gastric cancers. Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:727-33. [PMID: 24968865 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-014-9663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We searched for candidate target genes in metastatic gastric cancer, using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and mRNA expression array analysis of endoscopic biopsy samples collected from 32 patients. Recurrent amplicons included 17q21.2 (36,569,293-37,307,055), 8q24.13-q24.21 (126,357,475-130,159,285), and 20q13.33 (60,211,249-61,382,787). In this paper, we focused on the 1.1-Mb genomic region containing 24 genes in chromosome 20q13.33 (from 60,211,249 to 61,382,787), the third most frequent amplicon that was amplified in three of 32 patients (9.4 %), with log2 tumor/reference ratios ranging from 0.6 to 1.5. Of three genes in the 20q13.33 amplicon, ADRM1 was chosen for functional analyses. ADRM1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation of two human gastric cancer cells, SNU-601 and SNU-216. Overexpression of Adrm1 promoted cell proliferation of conditionally-immortalized, mouse ImSt gastric epithelial cells, with increased S1 phase fraction and decreased expression of p21(Cip1). These results collectively indicate that ADRM1 promoted gastric epithelial cell proliferation by cell cycle progression. Therefore, ADRM1 is a candidate target gene in the chromosome 20q13.33 amplicon that may possibly be linked to development of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hoon Jang
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsanro, Ilsandong, Goyang, 410-769, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim HK, Green JE. Predictive biomarker candidates for the response of gastric cancer to targeted and cytotoxic agents. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 15:375-84. [PMID: 24533716 PMCID: PMC7670597 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Recent development of targeted agents provides clinicians with additional systemic treatment options to conventional cytotoxic agents. Predictive markers are undoubtedly important for guiding the appropriate use of targeted and cytotoxic agents. Currently, however, HER2 is the only predictive biomarker validated for gastric cancer. In this review, candidate predictive markers for response to other targeted agents and cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hark Kyun Kim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 410-769, Republic of Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hong L, Han Y, Liu J, Brain L. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2: a therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 7:759-65. [PMID: 24134151 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2013.837804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) is preferentially amplified and overexpressed in the diffuse type of gastric cancer. This review evaluates the expression and function of FGFR2 in gastric cancer, and analyzes the use of its inhibitors for gastric cancer therapy. This review also discusses the limitations of FGFR2-based therapy, and envisages future developments toward the clinical applications of FGFR2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Gastric cancer imposes a considerable health burden around the globe despite its declining incidence. The disease is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is associated with a poor prognosis for patients. An in-depth understanding of the molecular underpinnings of gastric cancer has lagged behind many other cancers of similar incidence and morbidity, owing to our limited knowledge of germline susceptibility traits for risk and somatic drivers of progression (to identify novel therapeutic targets). A few germline (PLCE1) and somatic (ERBB2, ERBB3, PTEN, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, FGF, TP53, CDH1 and MET) alterations are emerging and some are being pursued clinically. Novel somatic gene targets (ARID1A, FAT4, MLL and KMT2C) have also been identified and are of interest. Variations in the therapeutic approaches dependent on geographical region are evident for localized gastric cancer-differences that are driven by preferences for the adjuvant strategies and the extent of surgery coupled with philosophical divides. However, greater uniformity in approach has been noted in the metastatic cancer setting, an incurable condition. Having realized only modest successes, momentum is building for carrying out more phase III comparative trials, with some using biomarker-based patient selection strategies. Overall, rapid progress in biotechnology is improving our molecular understanding and can help with new drug discovery. The future prospects are excellent for defining biomarker-based subsets of patients and application of specific therapeutics. However, many challenges remain to be tackled. Here, we review representative molecular and clinical dimensions of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roopma Wadhwa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M. D.
Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Yixin Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Gastric cancer imposes a considerable health burden around the globe despite its declining incidence. The disease is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is associated with a poor prognosis for patients. An in-depth understanding of the molecular underpinnings of gastric cancer has lagged behind many other cancers of similar incidence and morbidity, owing to our limited knowledge of germline susceptibility traits for risk and somatic drivers of progression (to identify novel therapeutic targets). A few germline (PLCE1) and somatic (ERBB2, ERBB3, PTEN, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, FGF, TP53, CDH1 and MET) alterations are emerging and some are being pursued clinically. Novel somatic gene targets (ARID1A, FAT4, MLL and KMT2C) have also been identified and are of interest. Variations in the therapeutic approaches dependent on geographical region are evident for localized gastric cancer-differences that are driven by preferences for the adjuvant strategies and the extent of surgery coupled with philosophical divides. However, greater uniformity in approach has been noted in the metastatic cancer setting, an incurable condition. Having realized only modest successes, momentum is building for carrying out more phase III comparative trials, with some using biomarker-based patient selection strategies. Overall, rapid progress in biotechnology is improving our molecular understanding and can help with new drug discovery. The future prospects are excellent for defining biomarker-based subsets of patients and application of specific therapeutics. However, many challenges remain to be tackled. Here, we review representative molecular and clinical dimensions of gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ulloa-Montoya F, Louahed J, Dizier B, Gruselle O, Spiessens B, Lehmann FF, Suciu S, Kruit WH, Eggermont AM, Vansteenkiste J, Brichard VG. Predictive Gene Signature in MAGE-A3 Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:2388-95. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.44.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To detect a pretreatment gene expression signature (GS) predictive of response to MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic in patients with metastatic melanoma and to investigate its applicability in a different cancer setting (adjuvant therapy of resected early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]). Patients and Methods Patients were participants in two phase II studies of the recombinant MAGE-A3 antigen combined with an immunostimulant (AS15 or AS02B). mRNA from melanoma biopsies was analyzed by microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. These results were used to identify and cross-validate the GS, which was then applied to the NSCLC data. Results In the patients with melanoma, 84 genes were identified whose expression was potentially associated with clinical benefit. This effect was strongest when the immunostimulant AS15 was included in the immunotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] for overall survival, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.13 to 1.05; P = .06) and was less strong with the other immunostimulant AS02B (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.97; P = .70). The same GS was then used to predict the outcome for patients with resected NSCLC treated with MAGE-A3 plus AS02B; actively treated GS-positive patients showed a favorable disease-free interval compared with placebo-treated GS-positive patients (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.03; P = .06), whereas among GS-negative patients, no such difference was found (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.59 to 2.31; P = .65). The genes identified were mainly immune related, involving interferon gamma pathways and specific chemokines, suggesting that their pretreatment expression influences the tumor's immune microenvironment and the patient's clinical response. Conclusion An 84-gene GS associated with clinical response for MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic was identified in metastatic melanoma and confirmed in resected NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jamila Louahed
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Dizier
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Gruselle
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bart Spiessens
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric F. Lehmann
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Stefan Suciu
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Wim H.J. Kruit
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander M.M. Eggermont
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Johan Vansteenkiste
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent G. Brichard
- Fernando Ulloa-Montoya, Jamila Louahed, Benjamin Dizier, Olivier Gruselle, Bart Spiessens, Frédéric F. Lehmann, and Vincent G. Brichard, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart; Stefan Suciu, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels; Johan Vansteenkiste, University Hospital Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Wim H.J. Kruit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Alexander M.M. Eggermont, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Labisso WL, Wirth M, Stojanovic N, Stauber RH, Schnieke A, Schmid RM, Krämer OH, Saur D, Schneider G. MYC directs transcription of MCL1 and eIF4E genes to control sensitivity of gastric cancer cells toward HDAC inhibitors. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:1593-602. [PMID: 22456335 DOI: 10.4161/cc.20008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) control fundamental physiological processes such as proliferation and differentiation. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, they represent promising cancer therapeutics that appear particularly useful in combination therapies. Although HDACi are tested in current clinical trials, the molecular mechanisms modulating the cellular responses toward HDACi are incompletely understood. To gain insight into pathways that limit HDACi efficacy in gastric cancer, we treated a panel of gastric cancer cells with the clinically relevant HDACi suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). We report that higher expression levels of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 family members MCL1 and BCL(XL) were detectable in cells with high inhibitory concentration 50 (IC(50)) values for SAHA. Using RNAi, we show that MCL1 and BCL(XL) lower the efficacy of SAHA. To find strategies to interfere with MCL1 and BCL(XL) expression, we investigated molecular regulation of both proteins. We show that specific siRNAs against c-MYC as well as pharmacological inhibition of this cancer-relevant transcription factor reduced MCL1 and BCL(XL) expression. Subsequently, we observed an increase in SAHA efficacy. Our data furthermore demonstrate that two different molecular mechanisms are responsible for the modulation of these factors. Whereas c-MYC controls transcription of MCL1 directly, regulation of BCL(XL) was due to c-MYC's capability to regulate the eIF4E gene, which encodes a rate-limiting factor of eukaryotic translation. Our data reveal a new molecular mechanism for how c-MYC controls cell autonomous apoptosis and provide a rationale for a concerted inhibition of HDACs and c-MYC in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajana L Labisso
- II Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|