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Violi JP, Bishop DP, Padula MP, Westerhausen MT, Rodgers KJ. Acetonitrile adduct analysis of underivatised amino acids offers improved sensitivity for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1655:462530. [PMID: 34517165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
LC-MS/MS method development for native amino acid detection can be problematic due to low ionisation efficiencies, in source fragmentation, potential for cluster ion formation and incorrect application of chromatography techniques. This has led to the majority of the scientific community derivatising amino acids for more sensitive analysis. Derivatisation has several benefits including reduced signal-to-noise ratios, more efficient ionisation, and a change in polarity, allowing the use of reverse phase chromatography. However, derivatisation of amino acids can be expensive, requires additional sample preparation steps, is more time consuming and increases sample instability, due to the most derivatised amino acids only be stable for finite amount of time. While showing initial promise, development of reliable hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation methods has presented difficulties for the analyst including irreproducible separation and poor sensitivity. This study aimed to find a means to improve the detection sensitivity of the 20 protein amino acids by HILIC-MS/MS. We describe the use of previously undescribed amino acid-acetonitrile (ACN) adducts to improve detection of 16 out of the 20 amino acids. While all amino acids examined did form an ACN adduct, 4 had low intensity adduct formation compared to their protonated state, 3 of which are classified as basic amino acids. For 15 of the 20 amino acids tested, we used the ACN adduct for both quantification and qualification ions and demonstrated a significant enhancement in signal-to-noise ratio, ranging from 23 to 1762% improvement. Lower LODs, LOQs and lower ranges of linearity were also achieved for these amino acids. The optimised method was applied to a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) with the potential to be applied to other complex sample types. The improved sensitivity this method offers simplifies sample preparation and reduces the costs of amino acid analysis compared to those methods that rely on derivatisation for sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake P Violi
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - David P Bishop
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Mika T Westerhausen
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Kenneth J Rodgers
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia.
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Gao XS, Dai HJ, Ding MJ, Pei WB, Ren XM. Stereochemically Active and Inactive Lone Pairs in Two Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Coordination Polymers of Pb2+ with Different Tricarboxylic Acids. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6772-6780. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Sheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials−Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Hai-Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials−Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Mei-Juan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Materials−Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Wen-Bo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials−Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Materials−Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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Bernès S, Gasque L. Diaqua(nitrato-κ 2O, O′)bis( L-valine-κ O)lead(II) nitrate at 296 K. IUCRDATA 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314616005393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of the title complex, [Pb(NO3)(C5H11NO2)2(H2O)2]NO3, had been determined previously at 173 and 193 K, and is now reported at 296 K, in the same space group. The main difference with the low-temperature structures is that a methyl group of one valine ligand is clearly disordered over two positions, for which the occupancies converged to 0.56 (3) and 0.44 (3). Bond-length variations within the coordination sphere of PbIIas a function ofTare difficult to assess because uncertainties on these parameters are high. On the other hand, Pb...O distances above 2.9 Å cannot be assigned unambiguously to formal Pb—O bonds. As a consequence, the polymeric nature of the complex previously described at 173 K is uncertain, as well as the actual coordination number of PbII, and it is thus not possible to determine if the metal environment is holo- or hemidirected.
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Udalova LI, Adonin SA, Abramov PA, Korolkov IV, Yunoshev AS, Plyusnin PE, Sokolov MN. Complexes of non-lacunary Keggin- and Dawson-type polyoxometalates with Pb(ii): formation of 1D coordination polymers with different bonding modes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj02155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Schnitter R, Gallego D, Kersting B. Selective complexation of α-amino acids and simple peptides via their carboxylate groups. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13637-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02007c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Furia E, Aiello D, Di Donna L, Mazzotti F, Tagarelli A, Thangavel H, Napoli A, Sindona G. Mass spectrometry and potentiometry studies of Pb(ii)–, Cd(ii)– and Zn(ii)–cystine complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:1055-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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de Jesús Palacios-Hernández T, Vásquez-Arciga H, Pérez-Benítez A, Bernès S, Höpfl H, González-Vergara E, Méndez-Rojas MA. Hemidirected one-dimensional lead(II) coordination polymers containing NSAIDs as ligands: Spectroscopic and structural characterization of [Pb(C9H7O4)2(H2O)] , [Pb(C13H17O2)2(H2O)] and [Pb(C14H10Cl2NO)2]. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Xiong K, Jiang F, Yang M, Wu M, Feng R, Xu W, Hong M. 2D Sheet-like architectures constructed from main-group metal ions, 4,4′-bpno and 1,2-alternate p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:540-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Burt MB, Decker SGA, Fridgen TD. Water binding energies of [Pb(amino acid-H)H2O]+ complexes determined by blackbody infrared radiative dissociation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15118-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41440f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hu ML, Morsali A, Aboutorabi L. Lead(II) carboxylate supramolecular compounds: Coordination modes, structures and nano-structures aspects. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Burt MB, Decker SGA, Atkins CG, Rowsell M, Peremans A, Fridgen TD. Structures of bare and hydrated [Pb(aminoacid-H)]+ complexes using infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:11506-18. [PMID: 21875029 DOI: 10.1021/jp2068655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy was used to determine the gas-phase structures of deprotonated Pb(2+)/amino acid (Aa) complexes with and without a solvent molecule present. Five amino acid complexes with side chains containing only carbon and hydrogen (Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Pro) and one with a basic side chain (Lys) were compared. These experiments demonstrated that all [Pb(Aa-H)](+) complexes have Pb(2+) covalently bound between the amine nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen. The nonhydrated complexes containing Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, and Pro are amine-deprotonated, whereas the one containing Lys is deprotonated at its carboxylic acid. The difference is attributed to the polar and basic side chain of lysine, which helps stabilize Pb(2+). IRMPD spectroscopy was also performed on the monohydrated analogues of the [Pb(Aa-H)](+) complexes. The [Pb(Aa-H)H(2)O](+) complexes, where Aa = Ala, Val, Leu, and Ile, exhibited two N-H stretches as well as a carboxylic acid O-H and a PbO-H stretch. Hence, their structures are monohydrated versions of the amine-deprotonated [Pb(Aa-H)](+) complexes where a proton transfer has occurred from the lead-bound water to the deprotonated amine. The IRMPD spectrum and calculations suggest that [Pb(Pro-H)H(2)O](+) has a hydrated carboxylate salt structure. The structure of [Pb(Lys-H)H(2)O](+) was also carboxyl-deprotonated, but Pb(2+) is bound to the carbonyl oxygen and the amine nitrogen, with one of the protons belonging to the water transferred to the basic side chain. This results in an intramolecular hydrogen bond that does not absorb in the region of the spectrum probed in these experiments. The IRMPD spectra and structural characterizations were confirmed and aided by infrared spectra calculated at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory and 298 K enthalpies and Gibbs energies using the MP2(full)/6-311++G(2d,2p) method on the B3LYP geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Burt
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, A1B 3X7
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Marandi
- a Department of Science , Payam Noor University of Zanjan , Zanjan, Iran
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Gasque L, Verhoeven MA, Bernès S, Barrios F, Haasnoot JG, Reedijk J. The Added Value of Solid-State Pb NMR Spectroscopy to Understand the 3D Structures of Pb Amino Acid Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Saunders CDL, Burford N, Werner-Zwanziger U, McDonald R. Preparation and comprehensive characterization of [Hg6(alanine)4(NO3)4].H2O. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:3693-9. [PMID: 18380452 DOI: 10.1021/ic702321d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new mercury-alanine complex has been isolated from reaction mixtures of mercurous nitrate dihydrate and alanine (L and D enantiomers). The solid-state structure contains mercury(I) and mercury(II) associated by alanine ligands in a polymeric array. The disproportionation of mercury(I) to mercury(II) and mercury(0) was facilitated by alanine and is evidenced by the appearance of mercury(0) in reactions of mercury(I) with the 20 common amino acids. This complex is the first mercury(I)-amino acid complex characterized in the solid state. The compounds have been comprehensively characterized using X-ray crystallography, solid-state and solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopies, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
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Shen XF, Yan XP. Environmentally benign and cost-effective synthesis of well-aligned nanoporous PbS nanowire architectures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b808559e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Marandi F, Shahbakhsh N. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Pb(phe)2]n: a 2D Coordination Polymer of Lead(II) Containing Phenylalanine. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200700113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Di Marco VB, Bombi GG. Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in the study of metal-ligand solution equilibria. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:347-79. [PMID: 16369936 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the 20 years, since the introduction of electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), the use of this technique in various fields of inorganic, organometallic, and analytical chemistry has been steadily increasing. In this study, the application of ESI-MS to the study of metal-ligand solution equilibria is reviewed (till 2004 included). In a first section, advantages and drawbacks of ESI-MS in this type of application are described. Subsequently, a list of ca. 300 studies is reported, in which ESI-MS was used to give number and stoichiometry of the species at equilibrium, or also to estimate their stability constants. All studies are classified according to the metal ions under examination. Other related applications, such as host-guest interactions and metal ion-protein binding studies, are briefly reviewed as well.
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