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Khodot EN, Shevelev AB, Shibaeva AV, Smirnova MS, Pozdniakova NV, Ryabaya OO, Bogdanova ES, Guseva MA, Volnukhin VA, Kuzmin VA. Study of the Phototoxic Effect of the Novel Substituted Derivatives of Furodihydroquinoline, Putative Medicines for Phototherapy of Psoriasis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Messer A, Raquet N, Lohr C, Schrenk D. Major furocoumarins in grapefruit juice II: Phototoxicity, photogenotoxicity, and inhibitory potency vs. cytochrome P450 3A4 activity. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:756-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kang AY, Young LR, Dingfelder C, Peterson S. Effects of furanocoumarins from apiaceous vegetables on the catalytic activity of recombinant human cytochrome P-450 1A2. Protein J 2012; 30:447-56. [PMID: 21847668 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-011-9350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 1A2 (CYP1A2)-mediated activation of procarcinogens may be an important chemopreventive mechanism. Consumption of apiaceous vegetables (rich in furanocoumarins) inhibits CYP1A2 in humans. Because many furanocoumarins are potent inhibitors of several CYPs, we characterized the effects of three furanocoumarins from apiaceous vegetables on human CYP1A2 (hCYP1A2). We assessed hCYP1A2 methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD) activity using microsomes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing hCYP1A2. Isopimpinellin exhibited mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of hCYP1A2 (K(i) = 1.2 μM, k (inact) = 0.34 min⁻¹, and partition ratio = 8). Imperatorin and trioxsalen were characterized as mixed inhibitors with K(i) values of 0.007 and 0.10 μM, respectively. These results indicate that even if present at low levels in apiaceous vegetables, imperatorin, trioxsalen and isopimpinellin may contribute significantly to CYP1A2 inhibition and potentially decreased procarcinogen activation. Moreover, the in vivo effect of isopimpinellin on CYP1A2 may be longer lasting compared to reversible inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Young Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 225 Food Science and Nutrition, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108-1038, USA
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Lohr C, Raquet N, Schrenk D. Application of the concept of relative photomutagenic potencies to selected furocoumarins in V79 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 24:558-66. [PMID: 19883747 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Furocoumarins are phototoxic and photomutagenic natural plant constituents found in many medicinal plants and food items. Since plants contain mixtures of several furocoumarins, there is a need for a comparative risk assessment of a large number of furocoumarins. Previously, we have introduced the concept of relative Photomutagenicity Equivalency Factors (PMEFs) derived from the slope of the concentration-response curve of photomutagenicity of individual furocoumarins in V79 cells using the HPRT mutation assay in the presence of UVA irradiation at 125mJ/cm(2). Here we have applied this method to the furocoumarins bergamottin, isopimpinellin and psoralen using 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) as a reference compound with a PMEF of 1.0. We found that neither bergamottin nor isopimpinellin, two furocoumarins abundant in plants, food etc., exerted any significant photomutagenicity while psoralen was clearly photomutagenic with a PMEF of 0.36. Similarly, isopimpinellin was not phototoxic in V79 cells, while bergamottin showed some cytotoxicity which, however, was completely independent of UVA irradiation. Only psoralen was photocytotoxic showing a similar concentration-response relationship for photomutagenicity, and for photocytotoxicity (at 72h after irradiation). Data from the micronucleus assay for DNA damage at 20h after irradiation were in complete agreement with the HPRT mutation data. Our findings indicate that individual furocoumarins differ enormously in their photomutagenic potency, and that a specific toxicological risk assessment is required for each furocoumarin instead of an assessment based on the sum of furocoumarins in a given sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Lohr
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Viola G, Salvador A, Vedaldi D, Dall'Acqua F, Bianchi N, Zuccato C, Borgatti M, Lampronti I, Gambari R. Differentiation and apoptosis in UVA-irradiated cells treated with furocoumarin derivatives. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1171:334-44. [PMID: 19723073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this review we summarize the structure and biological effects of linear and angular psoralens. These compounds exhibit interesting biological effects on the cell cycle, apoptosis and differentiation. These molecules should be considered promising drugs in the therapy of several diseases, including psoriasis, mycosis fungoides and cancer. Also, preclinical data demonstrate a possible use of these molecules for the treatment of beta-thalassemia and other hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampietro Viola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Viola G, Vedaldi D, Dall'Acqua F, Fortunato E, Basso G, Bianchi N, Zuccato C, Borgatti M, Lampronti I, Gambari R. Induction of gamma-globin mRNA, erythroid differentiation and apoptosis in UVA-irradiated human erythroid cells in the presence of furocumarin derivatives. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 75:810-25. [PMID: 18022602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psoralens, also known as furocoumarins, are a class of photosensitizers largely used in the therapy of various skin diseases. In this study we have evaluated the combined effects of UVA irradiation and furocoumarins derivatives on (a) erythroid differentiation and apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells and (b) globin gene expression in cultures of human erythroid progenitors derived from the peripheral blood. To prove the activity of a series of linear and angular furocoumarins derivatives, we employed the human leukemia K562 cell line and the two-phase liquid culture procedure for growing erythroid progenitors. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase-chain assay (Q-RT-PCR) was employed for quantification of the accumulation of globin mRNAs. The results obtained demonstrate that both linear and angular furocoumarins are strong inducers of erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. From a preliminary screening, we have selected two derivatives, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) and trimethylangelicin (TMA), for which we have investigated their mechanism of action. The cell cycle analysis showed that these derivatives induce, after irradiation, a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, followed by apoptosis. Mitochondrial depolarisation and caspases activation seem to be involved in the mechanism of cell death. In erythroid precursor cells, psoralens in combination with UVA irradiation, stimulate at very low concentrations a preferential increase of gamma-globin mRNA. Altogether, these data suggest that psoralen derivatives warrant further evaluation as potential therapeutic drugs in beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampietro Viola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Viola G, Fortunato E, Cecconet L, Del Giudice L, Dall'Acqua F, Basso G. Central role of mitochondria and p53 in PUVA-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes cell line NCTC-2544. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2007; 227:84-96. [PMID: 18048073 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite strong evidence concerning the high efficiency of PUVA therapy (psoralen plus UVA light), its mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we have evaluated in a cell line of human keratinocytes (NCTC-2544) the effects of two linear psoralen derivatives, 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), that are widely used in PUVA therapy and two angular derivatives, Angelicin (ANG) and 4,6,4'-trymetyl angelicin (TMA). All derivatives photoinduce cellular death, TMA being the most active compound. The cell cycle analysis showed that the four derivatives induce, 24 h after irradiation, a cell cycle arrest in G1 phase later followed by massive apoptosis. The G1 arrest is correlated to an increase in the expression of p21(Waf1/Cip1), a protein associated with the cell cycle block and apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment of NCTC-2544 resulted in p53 activation by 5-MOP, 8-MOP, and ANG but not TMA and its phosphorylation at serine-15. The levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1) paralleled p53 protein staining pattern suggesting that p53 activation correlated with p21(Waf1/Cip1) induction. Simultaneous to p53 activation, psoralens induced mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release, mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, as well as caspase-3 and -9 activation. Thus these results strongly indicate the necessity of p53 activation and the induction of the apoptotic machinery downstream of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampietro Viola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Dardalhon M, Lin W, Nicolas A, Averbeck D. Specific transcriptional responses induced by 8-methoxypsoralen and UVA in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2007; 7:866-78. [PMID: 17608707 PMCID: PMC2040189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2007.00270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of eukaryotic cells with 8-methoxypsoralen plus UVA irradiation (8-MOP/UVA) induces pyrimidine monoadducts and interstrand crosslinks and initiates a cascade of events leading to cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic responses. Transcriptional activation plays an important part in these responses. Our previous study in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that the repair of these lesions involves the transient formation of DNA double-strand breaks and the enhanced expression of landmark DNA damage response genes such as RAD51, RNR2 and DUN1, as well as the Mec1/Rad53 kinase signaling cascade. We have now used DNA microarrays to examine genome-wide transcriptional changes produced after induction of 8-MOP/UVA photolesions. We found that 128 genes were strongly induced and 29 genes strongly repressed. Modifications in gene expression concern numerous biological processes. Compared to other genotoxic treatments, c. 42% of the response genes were specific to 8-MOP/UVA treatment. In addition to common DNA damage response genes and genes induced by environmental stresses, a large fraction of 8-MOP/UVA response genes correspond to membrane-related functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Dardalhon
- Institut Curie Section de Recherche, UMR2027 CNRS/I.C., INSERM, Centre Universitaire d'Orsay, Orsay Cedex, France.
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Viola G, Fortunato E, Cecconet L, Disarò S, Basso G. Induction of apoptosis in Jurkat cells by photoexcited psoralen derivatives: Implication of mitochondrial dysfunctions and caspases activation. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:211-6. [PMID: 17084583 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The prevailing form of cell death in lymphocytes exposed to psoralen plus UVA light (PUVA), was investigated. We studied the well known drug 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and an angular derivatives: angelicin (ANG). We evaluated the induction of apoptosis in a human tumor T-cell line (Jurkat). Both compounds provoke a significant induction of apoptosis at 24h from irradiation as demonstrated by a remarkable percentage of cells Annexin-V positive. We investigated the effects of the psoralen derivatives upon UVA irradiation on the cell cycle. The flow cytometric analysis of propidium labeled cells indicates that treatment induces, in a dose dependent manner, a massive accumulation of cells, for both compounds, in G2-S phase after 24h from the irradiation. We have focused our attention on the mitochondrial functionality after irradiation in the presence of psoralen derivatives. We evaluated, by flow cytometry, (i) the mitochondrial potential (Deltapsi(mt)), (ii) the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and (iii) the oxidation of cardiolipin, a phospholipid restricted to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore the activation of caspases -3, -8 and -9 was also investigated. The obtained data indicated that, upon UVA irradiation, the two compounds induce a strong decrease in mitochondrial functions and activate caspase-3, -8 and -9.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Viola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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Bartosová J, Kuzelová K, Pluskalová M, Marinov I, Halada P, Gasová Z. UVA-activated 8-methoxypsoralen (PUVA) causes G2/M cell cycle arrest in Karpas 299 T-lymphoma cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2006; 85:39-48. [PMID: 16735125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2006.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Revised: 04/10/2006] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of UVA-activated 8-methoxypsoralen (PUVA) on the cell line Karpas 299 derived from anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) expressing chimeric fusion protein nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM/ALK). NPM/ALK activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway responsible for the cell protection from apoptosis. We found that PUVA treatment first induced G2/M cell cycle arrest resulting in a decrease in the cell proliferation rate. The mitochondrial apoptosis was triggered immediately following PUVA treatment, as we judged from the unmasking of mitochondrial membrane antigen 7A6. However, the mitochondrial membrane depolarization was not observed and caspase-3 was only slightly activated. The late apoptotic events were lacking: neither translocation of phosphatidylserine to the outer side of plasma membrane nor DNA fragmentation occurred. We revealed that PUVA enhanced the expression of peroxiredoxin, stress protein endoplasmin and galectin-3. Galectin-3 has been shown to protect mitochondrial membrane integrity and prevent cytochrome c release thereby blocking the effector stage of apoptosis. We suggest that the elevated level of this protein following PUVA treatment acts in synergy with the constitutively expressed chimeric kinase NPM/ALK to block the apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Bartosová
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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