Engelhard S, Kumke MU, Löhmannsröben HG. Examples of the application of optical process and quality sensing (OPQS) to beer brewing and polyurethane foaming processes.
Anal Bioanal Chem 2005;
384:1107-12. [PMID:
16007439 DOI:
10.1007/s00216-005-3364-4]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 05/11/2005] [Accepted: 05/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Optical methods play an important role in process analytical technologies (PAT). Four examples of optical process and quality sensing (OPQS) are presented, which are based on three important experimental techniques: near-infrared absorption, luminescence quenching, and a novel method, photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy. These are used to evaluate four process and quality parameters related to beer brewing and polyurethane (PU) foaming processes: the ethanol content and the oxygen (O2) content in beer, the biomass in a bioreactor, and the cellular structures of PU foam produced in a pilot production plant.
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