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Porta EOJ, Ballari MS, Carlucci R, Wilkinson S, Ma G, Tekwani BL, Labadie GR. Systematic study of 1,2,3-triazolyl sterols for the development of new drugs against parasitic Neglected Tropical Diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115378. [PMID: 37084599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of thirty 1,2,3-triazolylsterols, inspired by azasterols with proven antiparasitic activity, were prepared by a stereocontrolled synthesis. Ten of these compounds constitute chimeras/hybrids of 22,26-azasterol (AZA) and 1,2,3-triazolyl azasterols. The entire library was assayed against the kinetoplastid parasites Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei, the causatives agents for visceral leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and sleeping sickness, respectively. Most of the compounds were active at submicromolar/nanomolar concentrations with high selectivity index, when compared to their cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Analysis of in silico physicochemical properties were conducted to rationalize the activities against the neglected tropical disease pathogens. The analogs with selective activity against L. donovani (E4, IC50 0.78 μM), T brucei (E1, IC50 0.12 μM) and T. cruzi (B1- IC50 0.33 μM), and the analogs with broad-spectrum antiparasitic activities against the three kinetoplastid parasites (B1 and B3), may be promising leads for further development as selective or broad-spectrum antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Exequiel O J Porta
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María Sol Ballari
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Renzo Carlucci
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Shane Wilkinson
- Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Guoyi Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Scientific Platforms, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Scientific Platforms, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Guillermo R Labadie
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
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Harit VK, Ramesh NG. A Chiron Approach to Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Aminocyclitols, (−)-Conduramine F-4 and Polyhydroxyaminoazepanes from a Common Precursor. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11574-11586. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Kant Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Namakkal G. Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Trapero A, Egido-Gabás M, Bujons J, Llebaria A. Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxymethylaminocyclitols as glycosidase inhibitors. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3512-29. [PMID: 25750987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four series of C7N aminocyclitol analogues of glucose were synthesized by stereocontrolled epoxide opening of hydroxyl protected forms of the cyclohexane epoxides cyclophellitol and 1,6-epi-cyclophellitol. The resulting hydroxymethyl substituted aminocyclitols were tested as glycosidase inhibitors. Cyclitols having an amino group in an α configuration at a position equivalent to the anomeric in the sugar were found to be low micromolar inhibitors of the α-glucosidase from baker's yeast with Ki's near to 2 μM. On the other hand, N-octyl aminocyclitols having the nitrogen substituents in an α or β configuration were found to be good inhibitors of recombinant β-glucocerebrosidase with Ki values between 8.3 and 17 μM, and also inhibited lysosomal β-glucosidase activity in live cells at low-micromolar concentrations. A computational docking study suggests a differential binding among the different series of β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors. In agreement with the experimental results, the binding poses obtained indicate that the presence of an alkyl lipid substituent in the inhibitor mimicking one of the lipid chains in the substrate is critical for potency. In contrast, the matching of hydroxymethyl substituents in the aminocyclitols and the parent glucosylceramide does not seem to be strictly necessary for potent inhibition, indicating the risk of simplifying structural analogies in sugar mimetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Trapero
- †Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Egido-Gabás
- ‡Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- §Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- †Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Gurale BP, Sardessai RS, Shashidhar MS. myo-Inositol 1,3-acetals as early intermediates during the synthesis of cyclitol derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2014; 399:8-14. [PMID: 25216930 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic sequences starting from commercially available myo-inositol necessarily involve protection-deprotection strategies of its six hydroxyl groups. Several strategies have been developed/attempted over the last several decades leading to the synthesis of naturally occurring phosphoinositols, their analogs, and cyclitol derivatives. Of late, myo-inositol 1,3-acetals, which can be obtained by the reductive cleavage of myo-inositol orthoesters have emerged as early intermediates for the synthesis of phosphorylated and other inositol derivatives. This mini-review is an attempt to illustrate the economy and convenience of using myo-inositol 1,3-acetals as early intermediates during syntheses from myo-inositol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat P Gurale
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pashan Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Richa S Sardessai
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pashan Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Mysore S Shashidhar
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pashan Road, Pune 411 008, India.
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Abstract
Gaucher disease is a progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in the activity of β-glucocerebrosidase and is characterized by the accumulation of the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide in the lysosomes of macrophages that leads to dysfunction in multiple organ system. An emerging strategy for the treatment of Gaucher disease is pharmacological chaperone therapy, based on the use of β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors that are capable of enhancing residual hydrolytic activity at subinhibitory concentrations. In this article, the most common lysosomal storage disorder, Gaucher disease, is introduced and the current therapeutic strategies based on the use of enzyme inhibitors to ameliorate this disease are discussed, with a focus on the efforts being made toward finding and optimizing novel molecules as pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher disease that offer the promise to remedy this malady.
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Cheng WC, Weng CY, Yun WY, Chang SY, Lin YC, Tsai FJ, Huang FY, Chen YR. Rapid modifications of N-substitution in iminosugars: Development of new β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors and pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5021-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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East JE, Kennedy AJ, Webb TJ. Raising the roof: the preferential pharmacological stimulation of Th1 and th2 responses mediated by NKT cells. Med Res Rev 2012; 34:45-76. [PMID: 23239102 DOI: 10.1002/med.21276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells serve as a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems, and manipulating their effector functions can have therapeutic significances in the treatment of autoimmunity, transplant biology, infectious disease, and cancer. NKT cells are a subset of T cells that express cell-surface markers characteristic of both natural killer cells and T cells. These unique immunologic cells have been demonstrated to serve as a link between the innate and adaptive immune systems through their potent cytokine production following the recognition of a range of lipid antigens, mediated through presentation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I like CD1d molecule, in addition to the NKT cell's cytotoxic capabilities upon activation. Although a number of glycolipid antigens have been shown to complex with CD1d molecules, most notably the marine sponge derived glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), there has been debate as to the identity of the endogenous activating lipid presented to the T-cell receptor (TCR) via the CD1d molecule on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This review aims to survey the use of pharmacological agents and subsequent structure-activity relationships (SAR) that have given insight into the binding interaction of glycolipids with both the CD1d molecules as well as the TCR and the subsequent immunologic response of NKT cells. These studies not only elucidate basic binding interactions but also pave the way for future pharmacological modulation of NKT cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E East
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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Trapero A, González-Bulnes P, Butters TD, Llebaria A. Potent aminocyclitol glucocerebrosidase inhibitors are subnanomolar pharmacological chaperones for treating gaucher disease. J Med Chem 2012; 55:4479-88. [PMID: 22512696 DOI: 10.1021/jm300342q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Amino-myo-inositol derivatives have been found to be potent inhibitors of glucocerebrosidase (GCase), the β-glucosidase enzyme deficient in Gaucher disease (GD). When tested using lymphoblasts derived from patients with GD homozygous for N370S or L444P mutations, the compounds enhanced GCase activity at very low concentrations. The most potent inhibitor, (1R,2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-(nonylamino)-6-(nonyloxy)cyclohexane-1,2,3,4-tetraol had a K(i) of 1 nM using isolated enzyme and an IC(50) of 4.3 nM when assayed in human fibroblast cell culture. This aminocyclitol produced maximum increases of GCase activities of 90% in N370S lymphoblasts at 1 nM and 40% in L444P at 0.01 nM following a three-day incubation. In addition to inhibitory potency, this compound has the permeability, subcellular distribution, and cell metabolism characteristics that are important for use as a pharmacological chaperone. It is a remarkable finding that picomolar concentrations of aminocyclitols are sufficient to enhance activity in the L444P variant, which produces a severe neuronopathic form of GD without clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Trapero
- Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Trapero A, Alfonso I, Butters TD, Llebaria A. Polyhydroxylated Bicyclic Isoureas and Guanidines Are Potent Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors and Nanomolar Enzyme Activity Enhancers in Gaucher Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5474-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ja111480z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Trapero
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC−CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alfonso
- Departament de Química Biològica y Modelització Molecular, IQAC−CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Terry D. Butters
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC−CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Díaz L, Bujons J, Delgado A, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H, Åqvist J. Computational prediction of structure-activity relationships for the binding of aminocyclitols to β-glucocerebrosidase. J Chem Inf Model 2011; 51:601-11. [PMID: 21384831 DOI: 10.1021/ci100453a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GCase, acid β-Glucosidase) hydrolyzes the sphingolipid glucosylceramide into glucose and ceramide. Mutations in this enzyme lead to a lipid metabolism disorder known as Gaucher disease. The design of competitive inhibitors of GCase is a promising field of research for the design of pharmacological chaperones as new therapeutic agents. Using a series of recently reported molecules with experimental binding affinities for GCase in the nanomolar to micromolar range, we here report an extensive theoretical analysis of their binding mode. On the basis of molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and binding free energy calculations using the linear interaction energy method (LIE), we provide details on the molecular interactions supporting ligand binding in the different families of compounds. The applicability of other computational approaches, such as the COMBINE methodology, is also investigated. The results show the robustness of the standard parametrization of the LIE method, which reproduces the experimental affinities with a mean unsigned error of 0.7 kcal/mol. Several structure-activity relationships are established using the computational models here provided, including the identification of hot spot residues in the binding site. The models derived are envisaged as important tools in ligand-design programs for GCase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Díaz
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departamento de Química Biomédica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, (CSIC), Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya (IQAC), Barcelona, Spain
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Díaz L, Casas J, Bujons J, Llebaria A, Delgado A. New Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors by Exploration of Chemical Diversity of N-Substituted Aminocyclitols Using Click Chemistry and in Situ Screening. J Med Chem 2011; 54:2069-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jm101204u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Díaz
- Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Delgado
- Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Facultat de Farmàcia, Unitat de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Avenida Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Díaz L, Bujons J, Casas J, Llebaria A, Delgado A. Click Chemistry Approach to New N-Substituted Aminocyclitols as Potential Pharmacological Chaperones for Gaucher Disease. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5248-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100198t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Díaz
- Facultat de Farmàcia, Unitat de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Department de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Delgado
- Facultat de Farmàcia, Unitat de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Murali C, Gurale BP, Shashidhar MS. Intramolecular Hydrogen Abstraction in Radicals Derived from Inositol 1,3-Acetals: Efficient Access to Cyclitols. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wennekes T, van den Berg RJBHN, Boot RG, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Aerts JMFG. Glycosphingolipids--nature, function, and pharmacological modulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8848-69. [PMID: 19862781 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the glycosphingolipids is generally attributed to Johan L. W. Thudichum, who in 1884 published on the chemical composition of the brain. In his studies he isolated several compounds from ethanolic brain extracts which he coined cerebrosides. He subjected one of these, phrenosin (now known as galactosylceramide), to acid hydrolysis, and this produced three distinct components. One he identified as a fatty acid and another proved to be an isomer of D-glucose, which is now known as D-galactose. The third component, with an "alkaloidal nature", presented "many enigmas" to Thudichum, and therefore he named it sphingosine, after the mythological riddle of the Sphinx. Today, sphingolipids and their glycosidated derivatives are the subjects of intense study aimed at elucidating their role in the structural integrity of the cell membrane, their participation in recognition and signaling events, and in particular their involvement in pathological processes that are at the basis of human disease (for example, sphingolipidoses and diabetes type 2). This Review details some of the recent findings on the biosynthesis, function, and degradation of glycosphingolipids in man, with a focus on the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide. Special attention is paid to the clinical relevance of compounds directed at interfering with the factors responsible for glycosphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Wennekes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Harrak Y, Barra CM, Bedia C, Delgado A, Castaño AR, Llebaria A. Aminocyclitol-substituted phytoceramides and their effects on iNKT cell stimulation. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:1608-13. [PMID: 19739197 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Harrak
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Biomèdica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona (Spain)
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Wennekes T, van den Berg R, Boot R, van der Marel G, Overkleeft H, Aerts J. Glycosphingolipide - Natur, Funktion und pharmakologische Modulierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sánchez-Ollé G, Duque J, Egido-Gabás M, Casas J, Lluch M, Chabás A, Grinberg D, Vilageliu L. Promising results of the chaperone effect caused by imino sugars and aminocyclitol derivatives on mutant glucocerebrosidases causing Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2009; 42:159-66. [PMID: 19167250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive disorder. It is characterized by the accumulation of glucosylceramide in lysosomes of mononuclear phagocyte system, attributable to acid beta-glucosidase deficiency. The main consequences of this disease are hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal lesions and, sometimes, neurological manifestations. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, several competitive inhibitors act as chemical chaperones by inducing protein stabilization and increasing enzymatic activity. Here we tested two iminosugars (NB-DNJ and NN-DNJ) and four aminocyclitols with distinct degrees of lipophilicity as pharmacological chaperones for glucocerebrosidase (GBA). We report an increase in the activity of GBA using NN-DNJ, NB-DNJ and aminocyclitol 1 in stably transfected cell lines, and an increment with NN-DNJ and aminocyclitol 4 in patient fibroblasts. These results on specific mutations validate the use of chemical chaperones as a therapeutic approach for Gaucher disease. However, the development and analysis of new compounds is required in order to find more effective therapeutic agents that are active on a broader range of mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessamí Sánchez-Ollé
- Departament de Genètica, Universitat de Barcelona, IBUB, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Av. Diagonal 645, Barcelona, Spain
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Delgado A, Casas J, Llebaria A, Abad JL, Fabriás G. Chemical tools to investigate sphingolipid metabolism and functions. ChemMedChem 2008; 2:580-606. [PMID: 17252619 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise an important group of biomolecules, some of which have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of many cell functions. From a structural standpoint, they all share a long 2-amino-1,3-diol chain, which can be either saturated (sphinganine), hydroxylated at C4 (phytosphingosine), or unsaturated at C4 (sphingosine) as in most mammalian cells. N-acylation of sphingosine leads to ceramide, a key intermediate in sphingolipid metabolism that can be enzymatically modified at the C1-OH position to other biologically important sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin or glycosphingolipids. In addition, both ceramide and sphingosine can be phosphorylated at C1-OH to give ceramide-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate, respectively. To better understand the biological and biophysical roles of sphingolipids, many efforts have been made to design synthetic analogues as chemical tools able to unravel their structure-activity relationships, and to alter their cellular levels. This last approach has been thoroughly studied by the development of specific inhibitors of some key enzymes that play an important role in biosynthesis or metabolism of these intriguing lipids. With the above premises in mind, the aim of this review is to collect, in a systematic way, the recent efforts described in the literature leading to the development of new chemical entities specifically designed to achieve the above goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Delgado
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona (C.S.I.C); Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Schoffers E, Gurung SR, Kohler PR, Rossbach S. Chemical synthesis of scyllo-inosamine and catabolism studies in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7838-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 06/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Phenix CP, Nienaber K, Tam PH, Delbaere LTJ, Palmer DRJ. Structural, Functional and Calorimetric Investigation of MosA, a Dihydrodipicolinate Synthase fromSinorhizobium melilotiL5–30, does not Support Involvement in Rhizopine Biosynthesis. Chembiochem 2008; 9:1591-602. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Butters M, Beetstra DJ, Elliott MC, Hill-Cousins J, Kariuki BM. Directed epoxidation of cyclohexa-1,4-dienes–stereoselective formation of up to six contiguous stereogenic centres. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:4426-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b814131m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Gonzalez-Bulnes P, Casas J, Delgado A, Llebaria A. Practical synthesis of (−)-1-amino-1-deoxy-myo-inositol from achiral precursors. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1947-52. [PMID: 17524374 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 04/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new synthesis of enantiomerically pure 1-amino-1-deoxy-myo-inositol is reported. The route described employs p-benzoquinone, an achiral compound, as the starting material to give conduritol B tetraacetate in three steps. Kinetic resolution of this compound using a palladium catalyst with a chiral ligand allows access to a conduritol B tetraester in high enantiomeric excess. This compound is transformed into tetrabenzyl conduritol B epoxide, which is regioselectively opened with azide to give the key azidocyclitol. Final transformation into (-)-1-amino-1-deoxy-myo-inositol hydrochloride is achieved in four synthetic steps. This sequence allows the synthesis of this compound in high enantiomeric purity in a semi-preparative scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d' Investigacions Químiques, i Ambientals de Barcelona (IIQAB-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Serrano P, Egido-Gabás M, Llebaria A, Delgado A. An unexpected access to 5-epi-cyclophellitol: a new cyclitol member. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Egido-Gabás M, Canals D, Casas J, Llebaria A, Delgado A. Aminocyclitols as Pharmacological Chaperones for Glucocerebrosidase, a Defective Enzyme in Gaucher Disease. ChemMedChem 2007; 2:992-4. [PMID: 17479993 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Egido-Gabás
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona (C.S.I.C), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Wennekes T, van den Berg RJBHN, Donker W, van der Marel GA, Strijland A, Aerts JMFG, Overkleeft HS. Development of Adamantan-1-yl-methoxy-Functionalized 1-Deoxynojirimycin Derivatives as Selective Inhibitors of Glucosylceramide Metabolism in Man. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1088-97. [PMID: 17243712 DOI: 10.1021/jo061280p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present a straightforward synthesis of adamantan-1-yl-methoxy-functionalized 1-deoxynojirimycin derivatives. The used synthetic routes are flexible and can be used to create a wide variety of lipophilic mono- and difunctionalized 1-deoxynojirimycin derivatives. The compounds reported here are lipophilic iminosugar based on lead compound 4, a potent inhibitor of the three enzymes involved in the metabolism of the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide. Iminosugar-based inhibitors of glucosylceramide synthase, one of these three enzymes, have attracted increasing interest over the past decade due to the crucial role of this enzyme in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. Combined with the fact that an increasing number of pathological processes are being linked to excessive glycosphingolipid levels, glucosylceramide synthase becomes a very attractive therapeutic and research target. Our results presented here demonstrate that relocating the lipophilic moiety from the nitrogen atom to other positions on the 1-deoxynojirimycin ring system does not lead to a more potent or selective inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. The beta-aza-C-glycoside analogue (17) retained the best inhibitory potency for glucosylceramide synthase and is a more potent inhibitor than the therapeutic agent N-butyl-1-deoxynojirimycin (3), marketed as treatment for Gaucher disease under the commercial name Zavesca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Wennekes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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27
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Serrano P, Casas J, Zucco M, Emeric G, Egido-Gabás M, Llebaria A, Delgado A. Combinatorial Approach to N-Substituted Aminocyclitol Libraries by Solution-Phase Parallel Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation as Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 9:43-52. [PMID: 17206831 DOI: 10.1021/cc060080o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Libraries of N-substituted aminocyclitol derivatives of the scyllo and racemic chiro series by means of parallel solution-phase methodology with the help of robotic technology are described. Chemical diversity has been introduced by reaction of selected scaffolds with a set of aldehydes, acyl chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, chloroformates, and amines to afford the corresponding amines, amides, sulfonamides, carbamates and ureas, respectively. The optimized methodology has proven excellent, in terms of overall purities of the resulting libraries, for the production of amides. Sulfonamides and carbamates have been obtained in slightly lower purities, while amines afforded modest results. Selected library members have been evaluated as inhibitors of recombinant glucocerebrosidase with K(i) values ranging in the low micromolar scale for the most active members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Serrano
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Research Institute of Barcelona (IIQAB-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Diaz-Font A, Chabás A, Grinberg D, Vilageliu L. RNAi-mediated inhibition of the glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) gene: A preliminary study towards a therapeutic strategy for Gaucher disease and other glycosphingolipid storage diseases. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2006; 37:197-203. [PMID: 16959503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Small interference RNAs (siRNAs) have recently been used in various experimental settings to silence gene expression. In some of them, chemically synthesized or in vitro transcribed siRNAs have been transfected into cells. In others, siRNAs have been expressed endogenously from siRNA expression vectors. Enzyme replacement and substrate deprivation therapies are currently used to treat Gaucher disease. Although good results have been reported, there are several limitations and side effects that make necessary to search for new alternatives. We present a new approach based on the inhibition of the GCS gene using siRNAs as a potential therapeutic strategy for Gaucher disease. We have designed four siRNAs for the human GCS gene and transfected them into HeLa cells. A clear reduction of GCS RNA levels and enzyme activity was obtained using two of the four siRNAs. Furthermore, a reduction in glucosylceramide synthesis was also observed. Similar results were obtained when plasmids expressing shRNAs (targeting the same sequences) were transfected into the cells. The inhibition of the mouse homolog Ugcg gene was also achieved, using a siRNA that targeted both human and mouse sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Diaz-Font
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Delgado A, Casas J, Llebaria A, Abad JL, Fabrias G. Inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:1957-77. [PMID: 17049336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a family of lipids that play essential roles both as structural cell membrane components and in cell signalling. The cellular contents of the various sphingolipid species are controlled by enzymes involved in their metabolic pathways. In this context, the discovery of small chemical entities able to modify these enzyme activities in a potent and selective way should offer new pharmacological tools and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Delgado
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Organic Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Research Institute of Barcelona, (IIQAB-C.S.I.C), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Serrano P, Llebaria A, Delgado A. Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Aminoinositols and 1,2-Diaminoinositols from Conduritol B Epoxide. J Org Chem 2005; 70:7829-40. [PMID: 16277302 DOI: 10.1021/jo050521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Chemical reaction: See text] A systematic approach to the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of aminoinositols and 1,2-diaminoinositols arising from tetra-O-benzylconduritol B epoxide (9) and its aziridine analogue 22, respectively, is described. In all cases, the synthetic methodologies rely on the regio- and stereocontrolled azidolysis of the starting precursors to give the corresponding trans regioadducts. Subsequent functional group manipulation under strict configurational control affords the isomeric cis adducts. Chemoselective functionalization of the diamine moiety in 1,2-diaminoinositol derivatives can be achieved by the proper design of the reaction sequence and choice of reagents. The described protocols allow efficient access to each of the eight possible configurations of the 1,2-diamino and 1,2-amino alcohol moieties from chemical modifications of the epoxide moiety on the common precursor 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Serrano
- Unidad de Química Farmacéutica (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Juan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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