1
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Hagedoorn PL, Pabst M, Hanefeld U. The metal cofactor: stationary or mobile? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:391. [PMID: 38910188 PMCID: PMC11194214 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Metal cofactors are essential for catalysis and enable countless conversions in nature. Interestingly, the metal cofactor is not always static but mobile with movements of more than 4 Å. These movements of the metal can have different functions. In the case of the xylose isomerase and medium-chain dehydrogenases, it clearly serves a catalytic purpose. The metal cofactor moves during substrate activation and even during the catalytic turnover. On the other hand, in class II aldolases, the enzymes display resting states and active states depending on the movement of the catalytic metal cofactor. This movement is caused by substrate docking, causing the metal cofactor to take the position essential for catalysis. As these metal movements are found in structurally and mechanistically unrelated enzymes, it has to be expected that this metal movement is more common than currently perceived. KEY POINTS: • Metal ions are essential cofactors that can move during catalysis. • In class II aldolases, the metal cofactors can reside in a resting state and an active state. • In MDR, the movement of the metal cofactor is essential for substrate docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Pabst
- Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629 HZ, The Netherlands.
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2
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Salazar Marcano DE, Savić ND, Declerck K, Abdelhameed SAM, Parac-Vogt TN. Reactivity of metal-oxo clusters towards biomolecules: from discrete polyoxometalates to metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:84-136. [PMID: 38015569 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00195d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal-oxo clusters hold great potential in several fields such as catalysis, materials science, energy storage, medicine, and biotechnology. These nanoclusters of transition metals with oxygen-based ligands have also shown promising reactivity towards several classes of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides, sugars, and lipids. This reactivity can be leveraged to address some of the most pressing challenges we face today, from fighting various diseases, such as cancer and viral infections, to the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources. For instance, metal-oxo clusters and related materials have been shown to be effective catalysts for biomass conversion into renewable fuels and platform chemicals. Furthermore, their reactivity towards biomolecules has also attracted interest in the development of inorganic drugs and bioanalytical tools. Additionally, the structural versatility of metal-oxo clusters allows for the efficiency and selectivity of the biomolecular reactions they promote to be readily tuned, thereby providing a pathway towards reaction optimization. The properties of the catalyst can also be improved through incorporation into solid supports or by linking metal-oxo clusters together to form Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), which have been demonstrated to be powerful heterogeneous catalysts. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art on biomolecular transformations promoted by metal-oxo clusters and their applications, with a particular focus on structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nada D Savić
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kilian Declerck
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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3
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Monterrey DT, Ayuso-Fernández I, Oroz-Guinea I, García-Junceda E. Design and biocatalytic applications of genetically fused multifunctional enzymes. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108016. [PMID: 35781046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fusion proteins, understood as those created by joining two or more genes that originally encoded independent proteins, have numerous applications in biotechnology, from analytical methods to metabolic engineering. The use of fusion enzymes in biocatalysis may be even more interesting due to the physical connection of enzymes catalyzing successive reactions into covalently linked complexes. The proximity of the active sites of two enzymes in multi-enzyme complexes can make a significant contribution to the catalytic efficiency of the reaction. However, the physical proximity of the active sites does not guarantee this result. Other aspects, such as the nature and length of the linker used for the fusion or the order in which the enzymes are fused, must be considered and optimized to achieve the expected increase in catalytic efficiency. In this review, we will relate the new advances in the design, creation, and use of fused enzymes with those achieved in biocatalysis over the past 20 years. Thus, we will discuss some examples of genetically fused enzymes and their application in carbon‑carbon bond formation and oxidative reactions, generation of chiral amines, synthesis of carbohydrates, biodegradation of plant biomass and plastics, and in the preparation of other high-value products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianelis T Monterrey
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Iván Ayuso-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Oroz-Guinea
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- Departamento de Química Bioorgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Kinetic Insights into Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes Catalyzed by a Covalently Bridged Dinuclear (Salen)titanium Complex. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Abstract
Biocatalysis has an enormous impact on chemical synthesis. The waves in which biocatalysis has developed, and in doing so changed our perception of what organic chemistry is, were reviewed 20 and 10 years ago. Here we review the consequences of these waves of development. Nowadays, hydrolases are widely used on an industrial scale for the benign synthesis of commodity and bulk chemicals and are fully developed. In addition, further enzyme classes are gaining ever increasing interest. Particularly, enzymes catalysing selective C-C-bond formation reactions and enzymes catalysing selective oxidation and reduction reactions are solving long-standing synthetic challenges in organic chemistry. Combined efforts from molecular biology, systems biology, organic chemistry and chemical engineering will establish a whole new toolbox for chemistry. Recent developments are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Hanefeld
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, The Netherlands.
| | - Caroline E Paul
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, The Netherlands.
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6
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Preparation of a 99mTc-labeled graft polymer and its in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Rigual AJ, Cantero J, Risso M, Rodríguez P, Rodríguez S, Paulino M, Gamenara D, Veiga N. New mechanistic insights into the reversible aldol reaction catalysed by Rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase from Escherichia coli. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Fernandes RA, Ramakrishna GV, Bethi V. MnO 2 as a terminal oxidant in Wacker oxidation of homoallyl alcohols and terminal olefins. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6115-6125. [PMID: 32725041 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01344g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and mild reaction conditions for Wacker-type oxidation of terminal olefins of less explored homoallyl alcohols to β-hydroxy-methyl ketones have been developed by using a Pd(ii) catalyst and MnO2 as a co-oxidant. The method involves mild reaction conditions and shows good functional group compatibility along with high regio- and chemoselectivity. While our earlier system of PdCl2/CrO3/HCl produced α,β-unsaturated ketones from homoallyl alcohols, the present method provided orthogonally the β-hydroxy-methyl ketones. No overoxidation or elimination of benzylic and/or β-hydroxy groups was observed. The method could be extended to the oxidation of simple terminal olefins as well, to methyl ketones, displaying its versatility. An application to the regioselective synthesis of gingerol is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Gujjula V Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Venkati Bethi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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9
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Zetzsche LE, Narayan ARH. Broadening the scope of biocatalytic C-C bond formation. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:334-346. [PMID: 34430708 PMCID: PMC8382263 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The impeccable control over chemo-, site-, and stereoselectivity possible in enzymatic reactions has led to a surge in the development of new biocatalytic methods. Despite carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds providing the central framework for organic molecules, development of biocatalytic methods for their formation has been largely confined to the use of a select few lyases over the last several decades, limiting the types of C-C bond-forming transformations possible through biocatalytic methods. This Review provides an update on the suite of enzymes available for highly selective biocatalytic C-C bond formation. Examples will be discussed in reference to the (1) native activity of enzymes, (2) alteration of activity through protein or substrate engineering for broader applicability, and (3) utility of the biocatalyst for abiotic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara E. Zetzsche
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alison R. H. Narayan
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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10
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Chen Z, Li Z, Li F, Wang M, Wang N, Gao XD. Cascade synthesis of rare ketoses by whole cells based on L-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 133:109456. [PMID: 31874684 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)-dependent aldolases demonstrate important values in the production of rare ketoses due to their unique stereoselectivities. As a specific example, we developed an efficient Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalytic cascade system in which rare ketoses were produced from abundant glycerol and catalyzed by four enzymes based on L-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (RhaD). For the semicontinuous bioconversion in which D-glyceraldehyde was continuously added, once D-glyceraldehyde was consumed, the final yields of D-sorbose and D-psicose were 15.30 g/L and 6.35 g/L, respectively. Moreover, the maximum conversion rate and productivity of D-sorbose and D-psicose were 99% and 1.11 g/L/h at 8 h, respectively. When L-glyceraldehyde was used instead of the D-isomer, the final yield of L-fructose was 16.80 g/L. Furthermore, the maximum conversion rate and productivity of L-fructose were 95% and 1.08 g/L/h at 8 h, respectively. This synthetic platform was also compatible with other various aldehydes, which allowed the production of many other high-value chemicals from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China.
| | - Fen Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Mayan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China.
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11
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Marsden SR, Mestrom L, McMillan DGG, Hanefeld U. Thermodynamically and Kinetically Controlled Reactions in Biocatalysis – from Concepts to Perspectives. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R. Marsden
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling BiotechnologieTechnische Universiteit Delft Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629HZ The Netherlands
| | - Luuk Mestrom
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling BiotechnologieTechnische Universiteit Delft Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629HZ The Netherlands
| | - Duncan G. G. McMillan
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling BiotechnologieTechnische Universiteit Delft Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629HZ The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling BiotechnologieTechnische Universiteit Delft Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629HZ The Netherlands
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12
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Marsden SR, Mestrom L, Bento I, Hagedoorn P, McMillan DGG, Hanefeld U. CH‐π Interactions Promote the Conversion of Hydroxypyruvate in a Class II Pyruvate Aldolase. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R. Marsden
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delft van der Maasweg 9 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- EMBL Hamburg Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Luuk Mestrom
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delft van der Maasweg 9 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Bento
- EMBL Hamburg Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Peter‐Leon Hagedoorn
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delft van der Maasweg 9 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Duncan G. G. McMillan
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delft van der Maasweg 9 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delft van der Maasweg 9 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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13
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Promiscuous enzyme-catalyzed cascade reaction in water: Synthesis of dicoumarol derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1236-1240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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14
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Xu J, Hu L. Asymmetric one-pot synthesis of five- and six-membered lactones via dynamic covalent kinetic resolution: Exploring the regio- and stereoselectivities of lipase. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Ding X, Dong CL, Guan Z, He YH. Concurrent Asymmetric Reactions Combining Photocatalysis and Enzyme Catalysis: Direct Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,2-Disubstituted Indol-3-ones from 2-Arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Chun-Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
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16
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Ding X, Dong CL, Guan Z, He YH. Concurrent Asymmetric Reactions Combining Photocatalysis and Enzyme Catalysis: Direct Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,2-Disubstituted Indol-3-ones from 2-Arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:118-124. [PMID: 30421485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The combination of photoredox and enzymatic catalysis for the direct asymmetric one-pot synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted indol-3-ones from 2-arylindoles through concurrent oxidization and alkylation reactions is described. 2-Arylindoles can be photocatalytically oxidized to 2-arylindol-3-one with subsequent enantioselective alkylation with ketones catalyzed by wheat germ lipase (WGL). The chiral quaternary carbon center at C2 of the indoles was directly constructed. This mode of concurrent photobiocatalysis provides a mild and powerful strategy for one-pot enantioselective synthesis of complex compounds. The experiments proved that other lipases containing structurally analogous catalytic triad in the active site also can catalyze the reaction in the same way. This reaction is the first example of combining the non-natural catalytic activity of hydrolases with visible-light catalysis for enantioselective organic synthesis and it does not require any cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chun-Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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17
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Haridas M, Abdelraheem EMM, Hanefeld U. 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA): applications and modifications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9959-9971. [PMID: 30284013 PMCID: PMC6244999 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) is a class I aldolase that offers access to several building blocks for organic synthesis. It catalyzes the stereoselective C-C bond formation between acetaldehyde and numerous other aldehydes. However, the practical application of DERA as a biocatalyst is limited by its poor tolerance towards industrially relevant concentrations of aldehydes, in particular acetaldehyde. Therefore, the development of proper experimental conditions, including protein engineering and/or immobilization on appropriate supports, is required. The present review is aimed to provide a brief overview of DERA, its history, and progress made in understanding the functioning of the enzyme. Furthermore, the current understanding regarding aldehyde resistance of DERA and the various optimizations carried out to modify this property are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Haridas
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eman M M Abdelraheem
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
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18
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Zhou F, Li CJ. En route to metal-mediated and metal-catalysed reactions in water. Chem Sci 2018; 10:34-46. [PMID: 30746071 PMCID: PMC6334721 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04271c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This perspective report presents the key approaches for the development of various organometallic reactions in aqueous media.
This perspective report presents the key approaches for the development of various organometallic reactions in aqueous media. In view of future sustainability, the efficient use of natural resources, such as renewable biomass-based feedstocks, constitutes an important aspect for sustainable chemical industry. The exploration and discovery of efficient organometallic reactions or equivalents in water enrich the toolbox of organic chemists for the direct conversion of biomass-derived feedstocks into high-valued chemicals and the direct modification of biomolecules in their native aqueous environment, which contributes to future sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada .
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry , FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada .
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19
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Extended substrate range of thiamine diphosphate-dependent MenD enzyme by coupling of two C–C-bonding reactions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8359-8372. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Role of Adamantane Amide Based on L-Proline Double-H Potential Organocatalyst in Aldol Reaction with Product Separated via Host-guest Interaction. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-7364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Ding X, Zhang XD, Dong CL, Guan Z, He YH. Enzyme-Catalyzed Cascade Michael/Cyclization Reaction for the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyran Derivatives by Using a Protease. Catal Letters 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-017-2275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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22
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Gustafsson C, Vassiliev S, Kürten C, Syrén PO, Brinck T. MD Simulations Reveal Complex Water Paths in Squalene-Hopene Cyclase: Tunnel-Obstructing Mutations Increase the Flow of Water in the Active Site. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8495-8506. [PMID: 31457386 PMCID: PMC6645472 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Squalene-hopene cyclase catalyzes the cyclization of squalene to hopanoids. A previous study has identified a network of tunnels in the protein, where water molecules have been indicated to move. Blocking these tunnels by site-directed mutagenesis was found to change the activation entropy of the catalytic reaction from positive to negative with a concomitant lowering of the activation enthalpy. As a consequence, some variants are faster and others are slower than the wild type (wt) in vitro under optimal reaction conditions for the wt. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed for the wt and the variants to investigate how the mutations affect the protein structure and the water flow in the enzyme, hypothetically influencing the activation parameters. Interestingly, the tunnel-obstructing variants are associated with an increased flow of water in the active site, particularly close to the catalytic residue Asp376. MD simulations with the substrate present in the active site indicate that the distance for the rate-determining proton transfer between Asp376 and the substrate is longer in the tunnel-obstructing protein variants than in the wt. On the basis of the previous experimental results and the current MD results, we propose that the tunnel-obstructing variants, at least partly, could operate by a different catalytic mechanism, where the proton transfer may have contributions from a Grotthuss-like mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Gustafsson
- Applied
Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serguei Vassiliev
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Brock University, Mackenzie Chown F 234, 1812 Sir
Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Charlotte Kürten
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Stockholm—School of Biotechnology, Division
of Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Applied
Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Stockholm—School of Biotechnology, Division
of Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tore Brinck
- Applied
Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 36, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Marsden SR, Gjonaj L, Eustace SJ, Hanefeld U. Separating Thermodynamics from Kinetics-A New Understanding of the Transketolase Reaction. ChemCatChem 2017; 9:1808-1814. [PMID: 28919932 PMCID: PMC5573996 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transketolase catalyzes asymmetric C−C bond formation of two highly polar compounds. Over the last 30 years, the reaction has unanimously been described in literature as irreversible because of the concomitant release of CO2 if using lithium hydroxypyruvate (LiHPA) as a substrate. Following the reaction over a longer period of time however, we have now found it to be initially kinetically controlled. Contrary to previous suggestions, for the non‐natural conversion of synthetically more interesting apolar substrates, the complete change of active‐site polarity is therefore not necessary. From docking studies it was revealed that water and hydrogen‐bond networks are essential for substrate binding, thus allowing aliphatic aldehydes to be converted in the charged active site of transketolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R Marsden
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delftvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Lorina Gjonaj
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delftvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J Eustace
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delftvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie Technische Universiteit Delftvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
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24
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Ding S, Liu X, Xiao W, Li M, Pan Y, Hu J, Zhang N. 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine immobilized on graphene oxide: A highly active and selective heterogeneous catalyst for Aldol reaction. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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25
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Chen Q, Chen X, Cui Y, Ren J, Lu W, Feng J, Wu Q, Zhu D. A newd-threonine aldolase as a promising biocatalyst for highly stereoselective preparation of chiral aromatic β-hydroxy-α-amino acids. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01774j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A newd-threonine aldolase was identified to tackle the “Cβ-stereoselectivity problem” in the enzymatic production of chiral aromatic β-hydroxy-α-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijia Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Jie Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Wei Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dunming Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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26
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Pinsolle A, Charmantray F, Hecquet L, Sarrazin F. Droplet millifluidics for kinetic study of transketolase. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:064103. [PMID: 27917251 PMCID: PMC5106428 DOI: 10.1063/1.4966619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a continuous-flow reactor at the millifluidic scale coupled with an online, non-intrusive spectroscopic monitoring method for determining the kinetic parameters of an enzyme, transketolase (TK) used in biocatalysis for the synthesis of polyols by carboligation. The millifluidic system used is based on droplet flow, a well-established method for kinetic chemical data acquisition. The TK assay is based on the direct quantitative measurement of bicarbonate ions released during the transketolase-catalysed reaction in the presence of hydroxypyruvic acid as the donor, thanks to an irreversible reaction: bicarbonate ions react with phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the presence of PEP carboxylase as the first auxiliary enzyme. The oxaloacetate formed is reduced to malate by NADH in the reaction catalysed by malate dehydrogenase as the second auxiliary enzyme. The extent of oxidation of NADH was measured by spectrophotometry at 340 nm. This system gives a direct, quantitative, generic method to evaluate the TK activity versus different substrates. We demonstrate the accuracy of this strategy to determine the enzymatic kinetic parameters and to study the substrate specificity of a thermostable TK from thermophilic microorganism Geobacillus stearothermophilus, offering promising prospects in biocatalysis. Millifluidic systems are useful in this regard as they can be used to rapidly evaluate the TK activity towards various substrates, and also different sets of conditions, identifying the optimal operating environment while minimizing resource consumption and ensuring high control over the operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pinsolle
- Laboratory of the Future (LOF) , SOLVAY/CNRS UMR 5258, 178 avenue du Docteur Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | | | | | - F Sarrazin
- Laboratory of the Future (LOF) , SOLVAY/CNRS UMR 5258, 178 avenue du Docteur Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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27
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Liang YR, Wu Q, Lin XF. Effect of Additives on the Selectivity and Reactivity of Enzymes. CHEM REC 2016; 17:90-121. [PMID: 27490244 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes have been widely used as efficient, eco-friendly, and biodegradable catalysts in organic chemistry due to their mild reaction conditions and high selectivity and efficiency. In recent years, the catalytic promiscuity of many enzymes in unnatural reactions has been revealed and studied by chemists and biochemists, which has expanded the application potential of enzymes. To enhance the selectivity and activity of enzymes in their natural or promiscuous reactions, many methods have been recommended, such as protein engineering, process engineering, and media engineering. Among them, the additive approach is very attractive because of its simplicity to use and high efficiency. In this paper, we will review the recent developments about the applications of additives to improve the catalytic performances of enzymes in their natural and promiscuous reactions. These additives include water, organic bases, water mimics, cosolvents, crown ethers, salts, surfactants, and some particular molecular additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Fu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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28
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Palazzolo MA, Nigro MJ, Iribarren AM, Lewkowicz ES. A Chemoenzymatic Route To Prepare Acyclic Nucleoside Analogues. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Hajipour AR, Khorsandi Z, Farrokhpour H. Regioselective Heck reaction catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles immobilized on DNA-modified MWCNTs. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11737f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first report of regioselective Heck reaction of aryl iodides with 2,3-dihydrofuran using heterogonous nanocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdol R. Hajipour
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | - Zahra Khorsandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Iran
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30
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Du LH, Cheng BZ, Yang WJ, Xu LL, Luo XP. Markovnikov addition of imidazole derivatives with vinyl esters catalyzed by lipase TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus/K2CO3 in a continuous-flow microreactor. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05983j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a simple and efficient method for Markovnikov addition of imidazole derivatives to vinyl esters catalyzed by Lipozyme TL IM/K2CO3 in a continuous-flow microreactor was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhe Jiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Bing-Zhuo Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhe Jiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Wen-Jun Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhe Jiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Liang-Liang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhe Jiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xi-Ping Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhe Jiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology
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31
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Huang XR, Liu Q, Wang J, Xiao JA, Yang H. Solvent-effects tuning the catalytic reactivity of prolinamides in asymmetric aldol reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Woo MH, Kim MS, Chung N, Kim JS. Expression and characterization of a novel 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase from Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-014-4231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Liu ZQ, Xiang ZW, Shen Z, Wu Q, Lin XF. Enzymatic enantioselective aldol reactions of isatin derivatives with cyclic ketones under solvent-free conditions. Biochimie 2014; 101:156-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Wu LF, He HY, Pan HX, Han L, Wang R, Tang GL. Characterization of QmnD3/QmnD4 for Double Bond Formation in Quartromicin Biosynthesis. Org Lett 2014; 16:1578-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500111n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Wu
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Xue Pan
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gong-Li Tang
- State Key
Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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35
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Hu L, Zhang Y, Ramström O. Lipase-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of oxathiazinanones through dynamic covalent kinetic resolution. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3572-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A domino addition–lactonization pathway has been applied to a dynamic covalent resolution protocol, leading to efficient asymmetric synthesis of oxathiazinanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Chemistry
- Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yan Zhang
- Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Chemistry
- Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Ramström
- Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Chemistry
- Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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37
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Lawrence J, O'Sullivan B, Lye GJ, Wohlgemuth R, Szita N. Microfluidic multi-input reactor for biocatalytic synthesis using transketolase. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS. B, ENZYMATIC 2013; 95:111-117. [PMID: 24187515 PMCID: PMC3724052 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic synthesis in continuous-flow microreactors is of increasing interest for the production of specialty chemicals. However, the yield of production achievable in these reactors can be limited by the adverse effects of high substrate concentration on the biocatalyst, including inhibition and denaturation. Fed-batch reactors have been developed in order to overcome this problem, but no continuous-flow solution exists. We present the design of a novel multi-input microfluidic reactor, capable of substrate feeding at multiple points, as a first step towards overcoming these problems in a continuous-flow setting. Using the transketolase-(TK) catalysed reaction of lithium hydroxypyruvate (HPA) and glycolaldehyde (GA) to l-erythrulose (ERY), we demonstrate the transposition of a fed-batch substrate feeding strategy to our microfluidic reactor. We obtained a 4.5-fold increase in output concentration and a 5-fold increase in throughput compared with a single input reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lawrence
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Gary J. Lye
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | | | - Nicolas Szita
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
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38
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Ošlaj M, Cluzeau J, Orkić D, Kopitar G, Mrak P, Časar Z. A highly productive, whole-cell DERA chemoenzymatic process for production of key lactonized side-chain intermediates in statin synthesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62250. [PMID: 23667462 PMCID: PMC3647077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Employing DERA (2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase), we developed the first whole-cell biotransformation process for production of chiral lactol intermediates useful for synthesis of optically pure super-statins such as rosuvastatin and pitavastatin. Herein, we report the development of a fed-batch, high-density fermentation with Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) overexpressing the native E. coli deoC gene. High activity of this biomass allows direct utilization of the fermentation broth as a whole-cell DERA biocatalyst. We further show a highly productive bioconversion processes with this biocatalyst for conversion of 2-substituted acetaldehydes to the corresponding lactols. The process is evaluated in detail for conversion of acetyloxy-acetaldehyde with the first insight into the dynamics of reaction intermediates, side products and enzyme activity, allowing optimization of the feeding strategy of the aldehyde substrates for improved productivities, yields and purities. The resulting process for production of ((2S,4R)-4,6-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl acetate (acetyloxymethylene-lactol) has a volumetric productivity exceeding 40 g L−1 h−1 (up to 50 g L−1 h−1) with >80% yield and >80% chromatographic purity with titers reaching 100 g L−1. Stereochemical selectivity of DERA allows excellent enantiomeric purities (ee >99.9%), which were demonstrated on downstream advanced intermediates. The presented process is highly cost effective and environmentally friendly. To our knowledge, this is the first asymmetric aldol condensation process achieved with whole-cell DERA catalysis and it simplifies and extends previously developed DERA-catalyzed approaches based on the isolated enzyme. Finally, applicability of the presented process is demonstrated by efficient preparation of a key lactol precursor, which fits directly into the lactone pathway to optically pure super-statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Ošlaj
- Genetics, Anti-Infectives, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Jérôme Cluzeau
- API Development, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Damir Orkić
- API Development, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Kopitar
- Genetics, Anti-Infectives, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Peter Mrak
- Genetics, Anti-Infectives, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
- * E-mail: (PM); (ZC)
| | - Zdenko Časar
- API Development, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Mengeš, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- * E-mail: (PM); (ZC)
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40
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Steiner B, Langer V, Bella M, Koóš M. Cyanohydrins from methyl 6-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-α-l-lyxo-hexofuranosid-4-ulose via Bucherer–Bergs and Strecker reactions. Carbohydr Res 2013; 369:31-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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42
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Müller T, Djanashvili K, Arends IWCE, Peters JA, Hanefeld U. Aldol reactions mediated by a tetrahedral boronate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012. [PMID: 23191985 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The base is a key factor in aldol reactions in organic media, determining the selectivity. Here, we describe a tetrahedral phenylboronate salt as a mild non-nucleophilic base that is able to catalyse the aldol reaction and significantly decrease the formation of undesired elimination products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Müller
- Biokatalyse & Organische Chemie, Gebouw voor Scheikunde, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628BL Delft, The Netherlands
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43
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Cloning and characterisation of a new 2-deoxy-d-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase from Rhodococcus erythropolis. J Biotechnol 2012; 161:174-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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Barrozo A, Borstnar R, Marloie G, Kamerlin SCL. Computational protein engineering: bridging the gap between rational design and laboratory evolution. Int J Mol Sci 2012. [PMID: 23202907 PMCID: PMC3497281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131012428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are tremendously proficient catalysts, which can be used as extracellular catalysts for a whole host of processes, from chemical synthesis to the generation of novel biofuels. For them to be more amenable to the needs of biotechnology, however, it is often necessary to be able to manipulate their physico-chemical properties in an efficient and streamlined manner, and, ideally, to be able to train them to catalyze completely new reactions. Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in different approaches to achieve this, both in the laboratory, and in silico. There remains, however, a gap between current approaches to computational enzyme design, which have primarily focused on the early stages of the design process, and laboratory evolution, which is an extremely powerful tool for enzyme redesign, but will always be limited by the vastness of sequence space combined with the low frequency for desirable mutations. This review discusses different approaches towards computational enzyme design and demonstrates how combining newly developed screening approaches that can rapidly predict potential mutation “hotspots” with approaches that can quantitatively and reliably dissect the catalytic step can bridge the gap that currently exists between computational enzyme design and laboratory evolution studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Barrozo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; E-Mails: (A.B.); (R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Rok Borstnar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; E-Mails: (A.B.); (R.B.); (G.M.)
- Laboratory for Biocomputing and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gaël Marloie
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; E-Mails: (A.B.); (R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Shina Caroline Lynn Kamerlin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; E-Mails: (A.B.); (R.B.); (G.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +46-18-471-4423; Fax: +46-18-530-396
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Frey AM, Karmee SK, de Jong KP, Bitter JH, Hanefeld U. Supported La2O3and MgO Nanoparticles as Solid Base Catalysts for Aldol Reactions While Suppressing Dehydration at Room Temperature. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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46
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Fischer T, Pietruszka J. Alcohol Dehydrogenase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure
δ
‐Lactones as Versatile Intermediates for Natural Product Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fischer
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst Geb. 15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany, Fax: (+49)‐2461‐616196
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst Geb. 15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany, Fax: (+49)‐2461‐616196
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Ranoux A, Karmee SK, Jin J, Bhaduri A, Caiazzo A, Arends IWCE, Hanefeld U. Enhancement of the Substrate Scope of Transketolase. Chembiochem 2012; 13:1921-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ. Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 17:404-412. [PMID: 22502775 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amphetamine analogs are produced by plants in the genus Ephedra and by Catha edulis, and include the widely used decongestants and appetite suppressants pseudoephedrine and ephedrine. A combination of yeast (Candida utilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae) fermentation and subsequent chemical modification is used for the commercial production of these compounds. The availability of certain plant biosynthetic genes would facilitate the engineering of yeast strains capable of de novo pseudoephedrine and ephedrine biosynthesis. Chemical synthesis has yielded amphetamine analogs with myriad functional group substitutions and diverse pharmacological properties. The isolation of enzymes with the serendipitous capacity to accept novel substrates could allow the production of substituted amphetamines in synthetic biosystems. Here, we review the biology, biochemistry and biotechnological potential of amphetamine analogs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Hagel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Ranoux A, Arends IW, Hanefeld U. Development of screening methods for transketolase activity and substrate scope. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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