1
|
Lashgari A, Wang X, Krause JA, Sinha S, Jiang JJ. Electrosynthesis of Verdoheme and Biliverdin Derivatives Following Enzymatic Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15955-15964. [PMID: 38814055 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Artificial syntheses of biologically active molecules have been fruitful in many bioinspired catalysis applications. Specifically, verdoheme and biliverdin, bearing polypyrrole frameworks, have inspired catalyst designs to address energy and environmental challenges. Despite remarkable progress in benchtop synthesis of verdoheme and biliverdin derivatives, all reported syntheses, starting from metalloporphyrins or inaccessible biliverdin precursors, require multiple steps to achieve the final desired products. Additionally, such synthetic procedures use multiple reactants/redox agents and involve multistep purification/extraction processes that often lower the yield. However, in a single step using atmospheric oxygen, heme oxygenases selectively generate verdoheme or biliverdin from heme. Motivated by such enzymatic pathways, we report a single-step electrosynthesis of verdoheme or biliverdin derivatives from their corresponding meso-aryl-substituted metalloporphyrin precursors. Our electrosynthetic methods have produced a copper-coordinating verdoheme analog in >80% yield at an applied potential of 0.65 V vs ferrocene/ferrocenium in air-exposed acetonitrile solution with a suitable electrolyte. These electrosynthetic routes reached a maximum product yield within 8 h of electrolysis at room temperature. The major products of verdoheme and biliverdin derivatives were isolated, purified, and characterized using electrospray mass spectrometry, absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, X-ray crystallographic data were collected for select cobalt (Co)- and Cu-chelating verdoheme and metal-free biliverdin products. Electrosynthesis routes for the selective modification at the macrocycle ring in a single step are not known yet, and therefore, we believe that this report would advance the scopes of electrosynthesis strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Lashgari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Jeanette A Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Jianbing Jimmy Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hewage N, Damunupola D, Zeller M, Brückner C. Direct Oxidations of meso-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: Porphotrilactones and Entry into a Nonbiological Porphyrin Degradation Pathway. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6584-6589. [PMID: 38652047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The direct oxidations of meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin using cetyltrimethylammonium permanganate (CTAP), RuCl3/Oxone/base or Ag+/oxalic acid each generate distinctive product mixtures that may contain, inter alia, porpho-mono-, di-, and trilactones. The CTAP and RuCl3/Oxone/base oxidations also generate a unique open chain tripyrrin derived from the degradation of a porpholactone oxazolone moiety. Thus, its formation and structure are distinctly different from all biological or nearly all other nonbiological biliverdin-like linear porphyrinoid degradation products that are derived from ring cleavages between the pyrrolic building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Dinusha Damunupola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Urban A, De Feyter S. Making and Breaking Helical Open-Chain Oligopyrroles. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300708. [PMID: 38224308 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Closed-chain oligopyrroles such as porphyrins or corroles have been well-established in literature and experience a steadily strong interest by several fields of science. However, their open-chain derivatives are comparatively underrepresented, despite their intriguing properties and promising applications. Here, we aim to review typical synthetic routes, as well as point towards several emergent properties, marking them as interesting candidates for various fields of study. The review focuses on two traditional methods (each starting from highly symmetric metalloporphyrins) and then expands its scope towards more recent variations before moving on to more exotic and recent highlights that have yet to be included into the canon. Key chemical reactivities (ring closure, substitution and fragmentation) are then followed by notable physicochemical properties, placing special emphasis on potential uses in molecular electronics and sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Urban
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hao J, Nishiyama A, Mori S, Furukawa K, Shimizu S. Oxidation of 5,15-Dioxaporphyrin: Its Generality and Novelty as an Oxaporphyrin Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307862. [PMID: 37401745 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
5,15-Dioxaporphyrin (DOP) is a novel meso-oxaporphyrin analogue and exhibits unique 20π-antiaromaticity, unlike its mother congener of 18π-aromatic 5-oxaporphyrin, commonly known as its cationic iron complex called verdohem, which is a key intermediate of heme catabolism. To reveal its reactivities and properties as an oxaporphyrin analogue, the oxidation of tetra-β-arylated DOP (DOP-Ar4 ) was explored in this study. Stepwise oxidation from the 20π-electron neutral state was achieved, and the corresponding 19π-electron radical cation and 18π-electron dication were characterized. Further oxidation of the 18π-aromatic dication resulted in the formation of a ring-opened dipyrrindione product by hydrolysis. Considering a similar reaction of verdoheme to ring-opened biliverdin in the heme degradation in nature, the current result consolidates the ring-opening reactivity of oxaporphyrinium cation species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Hao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akihide Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Institute for Research Administrator, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shimada K, Mizutani T. Synthesis and reactivity of 10,15,20-triaryl-5-oxaporphyrin copper complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Abraham JA, Mori S, Ishida M, Furuta H. Iridium Complex of N-Fused Bilatrienone: Oxidative Cleavage of N-Fused Porphyrin Induced by Iridium-Cyclooctadiene Complexation. Chemistry 2021; 27:8268-8272. [PMID: 33826197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
N-fused porphyrin (NFP) is a unique class of photostable near-infrared dyes with an 18π aromatic tetrapyrrole macrocyclic skeleton containing a tri-fused pentacyclic moiety. Here, the synthesis of an iridium complex of N-fused bilatrienone is reported as the degradation product of Ir-cyclooctadiene (cod)-induced oxidative cleavage of NFP under aerobic conditions. Similar to the native bilin chromophores, the ring-opened complex featured a broken π-conjugation circuit and exhibited a broad visible absorption band. In contrast, metalation of NFP using an iridium(I)(cod) complex under an inert atmosphere resulted in the formation of a cod-isomerized (κ1 ,η3 -C8 H12 )-Ir complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Alex Abraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Kupietz K, Białek MJ, Hassa K, Białońska A, Latos-Grażyński L. Oxygenation of Phenanthriporphyrin and Copper(III) Phenanthriporphyrin: An Efficient Route to Phenanthribilinones. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12446-12456. [PMID: 31454233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photooxidation of copper(III) 5,6-dimethoxyphenathriporphyrin and copper(III) 5,6-dioxophenanthriporphyrin, which contain phenanthrene or dioxophenathrene moieties built into the macrocyclic frameworks, resulted in the regioselective cleavage that afforded organometallic copper(III) complexes of open-chain phenanthribilinone-type acyclic ligands terminated by carbonyl groups. The copper(III) coordinates two carbon atoms of phenantherene (dioxophenanthrene) and two nitrogen atoms of pyrrole and pyrrolone units, preserving the donor sets of the paternal complexes. The primary dioxygen attack is located at the meso carbon atom adjacent to the phenanthrene moiety. Demetalation of copper(III) 21-benzoyl-phenanthribilin-1-one and copper(III) 21-benzoyl-dioxophenanthribilin-1-one yielded mainly two diastereomers [15Z, 20E] and [15Z, 20Z], which differ in the configurations at two Cα-Cmeso double bonds. The regioselectivity of the cleavage, detected in the course of experimental studies, has been substantiated by DFT investigations. The regioselective cleavage of 5,6-dimethoxyphenanthriporphyrin in reaction with basic iron(III) acetate was detected, providing the synthetically efficient methodology to produce 21-benzoyl-dioxophenanthribilin-1-one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kupietz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wrocław , F. Joliot-Curie 14 , 50-383 Wrocław , Poland
| | - Michał J Białek
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wrocław , F. Joliot-Curie 14 , 50-383 Wrocław , Poland
| | - Karolina Hassa
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wrocław , F. Joliot-Curie 14 , 50-383 Wrocław , Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wrocław , F. Joliot-Curie 14 , 50-383 Wrocław , Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Three bilindione isomers: synthesis, characterization and reactivity of biliverdin analogs. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:727-737. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li C, Kräutler B. Transition metal complexes of phyllobilins - a new realm of bioinorganic chemistry. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:10116-27. [PMID: 25923782 PMCID: PMC4447063 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00474h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phyllobilins may function as natural ligand molecules for biologically important transition metal ions, giving complexes with remarkable chemical and photophysical properties.
Natural cyclic tetrapyrroles feature outstanding capacity for binding transition metal ions, furnishing Nature with the important metallo-porphyrinoid ‘Pigments of Life’, such as heme, chlorophyll (Chl) and vitamin B12. In contrast, linear tetrapyrroles are not generally ascribed a biologically relevant ability for metal-binding. Indeed, when heme or Chl are degraded to natural linear tetrapyrroles, their central Fe- or Mg-ions are set free. Some linear tetrapyrroles are, however, effective multi-dentate ligands and their transition metal complexes have remarkable chemical properties. The focus of this short review is centred on such complexes of the linear tetrapyrroles derived from natural Chl-breakdown, called phyllobilins. These natural bilin-type compounds are massively produced in Nature and in highly visible processes. Colourless non-fluorescing Chl-catabolites (NCCs) and the related dioxobilin-type NCCs, which typically accumulate in leaves as ‘final’ products of Chl-breakdown, show low affinity for transition metal-ions. However, NCCs are oxidized in leaves to give less saturated coloured phyllobilins, such as yellow or pink Chl-catabolites (YCCs or PiCCs). YCCs and PiCCs are ligands for various biologically relevant transition metal-ions, such as Zn(ii)-, Ni(ii)- and Cu(ii)-ions. Complexation of Zn(ii)- and Cd(ii)-ions by the effectively tridentate PiCC produces blue metal-complexes that exhibit an intense red fluorescence, thus providing a tool for the sensitive detection of these metal ions. Outlined here are fundamental aspects of structure and metal coordination of phyllobilins, including a comparison with the corresponding properties of bilins. This knowledge may be valuable in the quest of finding possible biological roles of the phyllobilins. Thanks to their capacity for metal-ion coordination, phyllobilins could, e.g., be involved in heavy-metal transport and detoxification, and some of their metal-complexes could act as sensitizers for singlet oxygen or as plant toxins against pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Centre of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kakeya K, Shimizu A, Akasaka K, Mizutani T. Substituent effects on selectivity of coupled oxidation of iron tetraphenylporphyrins. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615500455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coupled oxidation of iron tetraphenylporphyrins bearing either a OMe , Me , F , Cl , COOMe , CF 3 or CN group in the para-position of the phenyl groups gave tetraarylbiladien-ab-1-one and triarylbilindione. The ratios of the yields of the former to those of the latter were linearly correlated with the Hammett substituent constants σp+, with a positive slope (Δρ = 0.64). The Hammett plot of the oxidation rate vs. the substituent constant σp also showed a positive slope (ρ = 0.30). These substituent effects suggest that a nucleophilic step is included in the formation of bilindione. Coupled oxidation of an A3B type tetraarylporphyrin having an electron withdrawing nitro group in one of the phenyl groups indicated that the oxidation leading to biladienone occurred rather statistically in any of the meso-positions, while the oxidation leading to bilindione occurred preferentially in the meso-position bearing the 4-nitrophenyl group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Kakeya
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shimizu
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Kenta Akasaka
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kakeya K, Aozasa M, Mizutani T, Hitomi Y, Kodera M. Nucleophilic ring opening of meso-substituted 5-oxaporphyrin by oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon nucleophiles. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2591-600. [PMID: 24597593 DOI: 10.1021/jo5000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic ring opening of 23H-[21,23-didehydro-10,15,20-tris(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-5-oxaporphyrinato](trifluoroacetato)zinc(II) with various nucleophiles such as alkoxide, amine, thiolate, and enolate gave 19-substituted bilinone zinc complexes, and they were isolated as free base bilinones. An X-ray crystallographic study demonstrated that the product of 5-oxaporphyrin with sodium methoxide was 21H,23H-(4Z,9Z,15Z)-1,21-dihydro-19-methoxy-5,10,15-tris(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)bilin-1-one with a helicoidal conformation. The structure of the product of 5-oxaporphyrin with an enolate of ethyl acetoacetate was 21H,22H,24H-(4Z,9Z,15Z,19E)-19-(1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-oxopropylidene)-5,10,15-tris(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-1,19,21,24-tetrahydrobilin-1-one, with three inner NH groups. The product with SH(-) was also the same tautomer, 21H,22H,24H-19-thioxo-bilin-1-one, with three NH groups, while the products with RO(-), RNH2, and RS(-) nucleophiles were 21H,23H-bilin-1-ones with two inner NH groups. The first-order rate constants of the ring opening reaction of 5-oxaporphyrin with 1 M BnOH and BnSH in toluene at 303 K were 3.0 × 10(-4) and 6.1 × 10(-4) s(-1), respectively. The ratio of the rate of alcohol to thiol was much higher than that with methyl iodide, suggesting that 5-oxaporphyrin reacted as a hard electrophile in comparison to methyl iodide. UV-visible spectra of 19-substituted bilinones in CHCl3 at 298 K showed that the absorption maximum of the lower energy band was red-shifted in increasing order of O-substituted (645 nm), S-substituted (668 nm), N-substituted (699 nm), and C-substituted bilinones (706 nm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Kakeya
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University , Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sandell JP, Kakeya K, Mizutani T. Ring-opening with one dioxygen molecule in the coupled oxidation of iron tetraarylporphyrins. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Kakeya K, Nakagawa A, Mizutani T, Hitomi Y, Kodera M. Synthesis, Reactivity, and Spectroscopic Properties of meso-Triaryl-5-oxaporphyrins. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6510-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Kakeya
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Aya Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hitomi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Masahito Kodera
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Center for Nanoscience Research, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nakamura R, Kakeya K, Furuta N, Muta E, Nishisaka H, Mizutani T. Synthesis of para- or ortho-Substituted Triarylbilindiones and Tetraarylbiladienones by Coupled Oxidation of Tetraarylporphyrins. J Org Chem 2011; 76:6108-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jo2007994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kakeya
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Nao Furuta
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Etsuko Muta
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nishisaka
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yamanishi K, Miyazawa M, Yairi T, Sakai S, Nishina N, Kobori Y, Kondo M, Uchida F. Conversion of cobalt(II) porphyrin into a helical cobalt(III) complex of acyclic pentapyrrole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6583-6. [PMID: 21648042 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
19
|
Yamanishi K, Miyazawa M, Yairi T, Sakai S, Nishina N, Kobori Y, Kondo M, Uchida F. Conversion of Cobalt(II) Porphyrin into a Helical Cobalt(III) Complex of Acyclic Pentapyrrole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
20
|
Samma AA, Johnson CK, Song S, Alvarez S, Zimmer M. On the origin of fluorescence in bacteriophytochrome infrared fluorescent proteins. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:15362-9. [PMID: 21047084 DOI: 10.1021/jp107119q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tsien et al. (Science, 2009, 324, 804-807) recently reported the creation of the first infrared fluorescent protein (IFP). It was engineered from bacterial phytochrome by removing the PHY and histidine kinase-related domains, by optimizing the protein to prevent dimerization, and by limiting the biliverdins conformational freedom, especially around its D ring. We have used database analyses and molecular dynamics simulations with freely rotating chromophoric dihedrals in order to model the dihedral freedom available to the biliverdin D ring in the excited state and to show that the tetrapyrrole ligands in phytochromes are flexible and can adopt many conformations; however, their conformational space is limited/defined by the chemospatial characteristics of the protein cavity. Our simulations confirm that the reduced accessibility to conformations geared to an excited state proton transfer may be responsible for the fluorescence in IFP, just as has been suggested by Kennis et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2010, 107, 9170-9175) for fluorescent bacteriophytochrome from Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex A Samma
- Chemistry Department, Connecticut College, New London, CT 06320, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Furuta N, Mizutani T. Solvatochromism of triarylbilindiones: far-red-absorbing bilindiones formed in aprotic amides and amines. Supramol Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2010.510559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nao Furuta
- a Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Doshisha University , Tatara-miyakotani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizutani
- a Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Doshisha University , Tatara-miyakotani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wojaczyński J, Latos-Grażyński L. Photooxidation of N-Confused Porphyrin: A Route to N-Confused Biliverdin Analogues. Chemistry 2010; 16:2679-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
23
|
Ongayi O, Vicente MGH, Ghosh B, Fronczek FR, Smith KM. Bilitrienones from the chemical oxidation of dodecasubstituted porphyrins. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:63-67. [PMID: 20644655 PMCID: PMC2904984 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the ring-opened product from direct oxidation of meso-tetraarylporphyrins has been controversial for three decades. Herein we show that bilitrienones 2 are obtained from oxidation of metal-free dodecasubstituted porphyrins 1 in the presence of sodium nitrite, trifluoroacetic acid and air oxygen. The presence of the para-nonyl groups in 1b stabilized the corresponding bilitrienone 2b, which was characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the absence of the para-nonyl groups bilitrienone 2a undergoes a rapid hydration reaction, giving biladienone 3a as the major isolated product. The molecular structures of 2b and 3a, and. the photochemical isomerization of 3a are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owendi Ongayi
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shimizu T, Asano N, Mizutani T, Chang HC, Kitagawa S. Allosteric binding of amino alcohols and diamines by dimeric zinc biladienone. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Takanami T, Matsumoto J, Kumagai Y, Sawaizumi A, Suda K. A facile one-pot preparation of meso-hydroxymethylporphyrins via a sequential SNAr reaction with (2-pyridyldimethylsilyl)methyllithium followed by hydrolysis and aerobic oxidation. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
26
|
Evans JP, Niemevz F, Buldain G, de Montellano PO. Isoporphyrin intermediate in heme oxygenase catalysis. Oxidation of alpha-meso-phenylheme. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:19530-9. [PMID: 18487208 PMCID: PMC2443647 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709685200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human heme oxygenase-1 (hHO-1) catalyzes the O2- and NADPH-dependent oxidation of heme to biliverdin, CO, and free iron. The first step involves regiospecific insertion of an oxygen atom at the alpha-meso carbon by a ferric hydroperoxide and is predicted to proceed via an isoporphyrin pi-cation intermediate. Here we report spectroscopic detection of a transient intermediate during oxidation by hHO-1 of alpha-meso-phenylheme-IX, alpha-meso-(p-methylphenyl)-mesoheme-III, and alpha-meso-(p-trifluoromethylphenyl)-mesoheme-III. In agreement with previous experiments (Wang, J., Niemevz, F., Lad, L., Huang, L., Alvarez, D. E., Buldain, G., Poulos, T. L., and Ortiz de Montellano, P. R. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 42593-42604), only the alpha-biliverdin isomer is produced with concomitant formation of the corresponding benzoic acid. The transient intermediate observed in the NADPH-P450 reductase-catalyzed reaction accumulated when the reaction was supported by H2O2 and exhibited the absorption maxima at 435 and 930 nm characteristic of an isoporphyrin. Product analysis by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of the product generated with H2O2 identified it as an isoporphyrin that, on quenching, decayed to benzoylbiliverdin. In the presence of H218O2, one labeled oxygen atom was incorporated into these products. The hHO-1-isoporphyrin complexes were found to have half-lives of 1.7 and 2.4 h for the p-trifluoromethyl- and p-methyl-substituted phenylhemes, respectively. The addition of NADPH-P450 reductase to the H2O2-generated hHO-1-isoporphyrin complex produced alpha-biliverdin, confirming its role as a reaction intermediate. Identification of an isoporphyrin intermediate in the catalytic sequence of hHO-1, the first such intermediate observed in hemoprotein catalysis, completes our understanding of the critical first step of heme oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Evans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Asano N, Uemura S, Kinugawa T, Akasaka H, Mizutani T. Synthesis of biladienone and bilatrienone by coupled oxidation of tetraarylporphyrins. J Org Chem 2007; 72:5320-6. [PMID: 17559279 DOI: 10.1021/jo070692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetraarylbiladien-ab-ones bearing various substituents (R) in the para position of the phenyl groups were preprared by coupled oxidation of tetraarylporphyrin iron complexes. The yields of 5,10,15-triaryl-19-aroyl-15-hydroxybiladien-ab-ones were 74% (R=H), 85% (R=OMe), 44% (R=COOMe), and 28% (R=CN). Kinetic studies of the iron porphyrin oxidation revealed that the reaction is accelerated by an electron-withdrawing substituent with the Hammett reaction constant rho=0.295. 5,10,15-Triaryl-19-aroyl-15-hydroxybiladien-ab-ones undergo the acid-catalyzed elimination reaction either by acetic acid or by mesoporous silica to afford 5,10,15-triaryl-19-aroylbilatrien-abc-one. The elimination reaction in acetic acid is accelerated by an electron-donating substituent with the Hammett reaction constant rho=-1.48.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Asano
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Doshisha University, Tatara-Miyakotani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Thermochromic and solvatochromic zinc biladienones: dynamic equilibria of a metal complex having a flexible framework sensitive to environment. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
29
|
Abstract
An unexpected, mild, efficient bromination ring-opening method has been developed for convenient synthesis of various novel biladienes or brominated porphyrins by controlling the amounts of NBS used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, 200032, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|