1
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Hirata N. Giant impact on early Ganymede and its subsequent reorientation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19982. [PMID: 39227653 PMCID: PMC11371838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganymede has an ancient impact structure called a furrow system. The furrow system is the largest impact structure in the outer solar system, and the impact should have significantly affected Ganymede's early history; however, its effects are poorly understood. No attention has been given to the center of the furrow system coinciding with Ganymede's tidal axis, indicating that mass redistribution induced by the furrow-forming impact caused a reorientation (true polar wander) of Ganymede. We propose that the impact ejecta created a mass anomaly that reoriented the impact site toward the tidal axis. We found that an impactor with a radius of 150 km and an incidence angle between 60° and 90° most accurately reproduces the current location of the furrow system. We predict that future explorations would reveal remnant topographic profiles or gravity anomalies associated with the furrow-forming impact and reorientation. Additionally, various possible explanations for the reorientation of Ganymede, such as an impactor-origin mascon beneath the basin or a thickness variation in the lithosphere, should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Hirata
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1 657-8501, Kobe, Japan.
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2
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Andersson O, Saiduzzaman M, Brant Carvalho PHB, Häussermann U. Amorphous-like thermal conductivity and high mechanical stability of cyclopentane clathrate hydrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16017-16025. [PMID: 38775259 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The thermal conductivity κ of cyclopentane clathrate hydrate (CP CH) of type II was measured at temperatures down to 100 K and at pressures up to 1.3 GPa. The results show that CP CH displays amorphous-like κ characteristic of many crystalline clathrate hydrates, e.g., tetrahydrofuran (THF) CH. The magnitude of κ is 0.47 W m-1 K-1 near the melting point of 280 K at atmospheric pressure, and it is almost independent of pressure and temperature T: ln κ = -0.621-40.1/T at atmospheric pressure (in SI-units). This is slightly less than κ of type II CHs of water-miscible solvents such as THF. Intriguingly, unlike other water-rich type II clathrate hydrates of water-miscible molecules M (M·17 H2O), CP CH does not amorphize at pressures up to 1.3 GPa at 130 K and also remains stable up to 0.5 GPa at 240 K. This shows that CP CH is mechanically more stable than the previously studied water-rich type II CHs, and suggests that repulsive forces between CP and the H2O cages increase the mechanical stability of crystalline CP CH. Moreover, we show that κ of an ice-CH mixture, which often arises for CHs that form naturally, is described by the average of the parallel and series heat conduction models to within 5% for ice contents up to 22 wt%. The findings provide a better understanding of the thermal and stability properties of clathrate hydrates for their applications such as gas storage compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Md Saiduzzaman
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| | | | - Ulrich Häussermann
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Krivchikov A, Andersson O, Korolyuk O, Kryvchikov O. Thermal Conductivity of Solid Triphenyl Phosphite. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238399. [PMID: 36500490 PMCID: PMC9739547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The thermal conductivity, κ, of solid triphenyl phosphite was measured by using the transient hot-wire method, and its temperature and pressure dependencies were analyzed to understand heat transfer processes in the solid polymorphic phases, as well as in the glass and the exotic glacial state. Phase transformations and the structural order of the phases are discussed, and a transitional pressure-temperature diagram of triphenyl phosphite is presented. The thermal conductivity of both the crystalline and disordered states is described within the theory of two-channel heat transfer by phonons and diffusons in dielectric solids. In the glass and glacial states, the weakly temperature-dependent (glass-like) κ is described well by the term associated with heat conduction of diffusons only, and it can be represented by an Arrhenius-type function. In the crystal phases, the strongly temperature-dependent (crystal-like) κ associated with heat transfer by phonons is weakened by significant heat transfer by diffusons, and the extent of the two contributions is reflected in the temperature dependence of κ. We find that the contribution of diffusons in the crystal phases depends on pressure in the same way as that in amorphous states, thus indicating that the same mechanism is responsible for this channel of heat transfer in crystals and amorphous states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Krivchikov
- B. Verkin Institute for Low-Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 47 Nauky Avenue, 61103 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (O.A.)
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (O.A.)
| | - Oksana Korolyuk
- B. Verkin Institute for Low-Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 47 Nauky Avenue, 61103 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Oleksii Kryvchikov
- B. Verkin Institute for Low-Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 47 Nauky Avenue, 61103 Kharkiv, Ukraine
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4
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Antlauf M, Boulanger N, Berglund L, Oksman K, Andersson O. Thermal Conductivity of Cellulose Fibers in Different Size Scales and Densities. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3800-3809. [PMID: 34510907 PMCID: PMC8441976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Considering the growing
use of cellulose in various applications,
knowledge and understanding of its physical properties become increasingly
important. Thermal conductivity is a key property, but its variation
with porosity and density is unknown, and it is not known if such
a variation is affected by fiber size and temperature. Here, we determine
the relationships by measurements of the thermal conductivity of cellulose
fibers (CFs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) derived from commercial
birch pulp as a function of pressure and temperature. The results
show that the thermal conductivity varies relatively weakly with density
(ρsample = 1340–1560 kg m–3) and that its temperature dependence is independent of density,
porosity, and fiber size for temperatures in the range 80–380
K. The universal temperature and density dependencies of the thermal
conductivity of a random network of CNFs are described by a third-order
polynomial function (SI-units): κCNF = (0.0787 +
2.73 × 10–3·T –
7.6749 × 10–6·T2 + 8.4637 × 10–9·T3)·(ρsample/ρ0)2, where ρ0 = 1340 kg m–3 and κCF = 1.065·κCNF. Despite
a relatively high degree of crystallinity, both CF and CNF samples
show amorphous-like thermal conductivity, that is, it increases with
increasing temperature. This appears to be due to the nano-sized elementary
fibrils of cellulose, which explains that the thermal conductivity
of CNFs and CFs shows identical behavior and differs by only ca. 6%.
The nano-sized fibrils effectively limit the phonon mean free path
to a few nanometers for heat conduction across fibers, and it is only
significantly longer for highly directed heat conduction along fibers.
This feature of cellulose makes it easier to apply in applications
that require low thermal conductivity combined with high strength;
the weak density dependence of the thermal conductivity is a particularly
useful property when the material is subjected to high loads. The
results for thermal conductivity also suggest that the crystalline
structures of cellulose remain stable up to at least 0.7 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Antlauf
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Linn Berglund
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Kristiina Oksman
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
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5
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Wolfenbarger NS, Carnahan E, Jordan JS, Hesse MA. A comprehensive dataset for the thermal conductivity of ice Ih for application to planetary ice shells. Data Brief 2021; 36:107079. [PMID: 34026976 PMCID: PMC8134708 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary models representing the thermal conductivity of ice Ih as a function of temperature are based on data from published experiments that span over a century. Each model is derived using specific datasets with distinct experimental setups, temperature ranges, and uncertainties. Model errors introduced by inaccurate digitization and biased datapoints are challenging to trace due to a lack of transparency of the primary data. This dataset is a collection of published thermal conductivity data for ice Ih, including both tabulated and digitized data, presented in the original units. Specific samples or pressure conditions are noted where applicable. The dataset also includes a survey of published thermal conductivity models, providing the valid temperature range, accuracy and uncertainty (where noted in the original publication), and the primary data sources. Importantly, the dataset includes notes that were contained in the original publication or subsequent publications that provide additional context for the data. This dataset is used to derive a new thermal conductivity model which best represents the thermal conductivity of ice Ih for temperatures greater than 30 K. Statistics are provided to evaluate the fit of each thermal conductivity model in the survey of published models to the comprehensive dataset presented here. This dataset is constructed in support of the work “New insights into temperature-dependent ice properties and their effect on ice shell convection for icy ocean worlds” [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Wolfenbarger
- Department of Geological Studies, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 2305 Speedway, C1160, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Institute for Geophysics, The University of Texas at Austin, 10100 Burnet Rd, Bldg. 196, Austin, TX 78758, USA
| | - Evan Carnahan
- Department of Geological Studies, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 2305 Speedway, C1160, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Institute for Geophysics, The University of Texas at Austin, 10100 Burnet Rd, Bldg. 196, Austin, TX 78758, USA.,Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, C0200, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jacob S Jordan
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Ms-126, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Marc A Hesse
- Department of Geological Studies, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 2305 Speedway, C1160, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 E. 24th Street, C0200, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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6
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Taubner RS, Olsson-Francis K, Vance SD, Ramkissoon NK, Postberg F, de Vera JP, Antunes A, Camprubi Casas E, Sekine Y, Noack L, Barge L, Goodman J, Jebbar M, Journaux B, Karatekin Ö, Klenner F, Rabbow E, Rettberg P, Rückriemen-Bez T, Saur J, Shibuya T, Soderlund KM. Experimental and Simulation Efforts in the Astrobiological Exploration of Exooceans. SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 2020; 216:9. [PMID: 32025060 PMCID: PMC6977147 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-0635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The icy satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are perhaps the most promising places in the Solar System regarding habitability. However, the potential habitable environments are hidden underneath km-thick ice shells. The discovery of Enceladus' plume by the Cassini mission has provided vital clues in our understanding of the processes occurring within the interior of exooceans. To interpret these data and to help configure instruments for future missions, controlled laboratory experiments and simulations are needed. This review aims to bring together studies and experimental designs from various scientific fields currently investigating the icy moons, including planetary sciences, chemistry, (micro-)biology, geology, glaciology, etc. This chapter provides an overview of successful in situ, in silico, and in vitro experiments, which explore different regions of interest on icy moons, i.e. a potential plume, surface, icy shell, water and brines, hydrothermal vents, and the rocky core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth-Sophie Taubner
- Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics Division, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - André Antunes
- State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | | | | | - Lena Noack
- Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elke Rabbow
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Takazo Shibuya
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
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7
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Andersson O, Brant Carvalho PHB, Hsu YJ, Häussermann U. Transitions in pressure-amorphized clathrate hydrates akin to those of amorphous ices. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:014502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5096981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Ying-Jui Hsu
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Häussermann
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Non-monotonic pressure dependence of the thermal conductivity of boron arsenide. Nat Commun 2019; 10:827. [PMID: 30783095 PMCID: PMC6381145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments demonstrate that boron arsenide (BAs) is a showcase material to study the role of higher-order four-phonon interactions in affecting heat conduction in semiconductors. Here we use first-principles calculations to identify a phenomenon in BAs and a related material - boron antimonide, that has never been predicted or experimentally observed for any other material: competing responses of three-phonon and four-phonon interactions to pressure rise cause a non-monotonic pressure dependence of thermal conductivity, κ, which first increases similar to most materials and then decreases. The resulting peak in κ shows a strong temperature dependence from rapid strengthening of four-phonon interactions relative to three-phonon processes with temperature. Our results reveal pressure as a knob to tune the interplay between the competing phonon scattering mechanisms in BAs and similar compounds, and provide clear experimental guidelines for observation in a readily accessible measurement regime. Thermal properties of materials are driven by complex many-body interactions among thermal atomic vibrations called phonons. Here the authors show, from first-principles, that a full description of the unusual thermal behaviour in boron arsenide requires considering often-neglected four-phonon interactions.
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9
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Andersson O. Thermal conductivity of normal and deuterated water, crystalline ice, and amorphous ices. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:124506. [PMID: 30278676 DOI: 10.1063/1.5050172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of deuteration on the thermal conductivity κ of water, crystalline ice, and amorphous ices was studied using the pressure induced amorphization of hexagonal ice, ice Ih, to obtain the deuterated, D2O, forms of low-density amorphous (LDA), high-density amorphous (HDA), and very-high density amorphous (VHDA) ices. Upon deuteration, κ of ice Ih decreases between 3% and 4% in the 100-270 K range at ambient pressure, but the effect diminishes on densification at 130 K and vanishes just prior to amorphization near 0.8 GPa. The unusual negative value of the isothermal density ρ dependence of κ for ice Ih, g = (d ln κ/d ln ρ) T = -4.4, is less so for deuterated ice: g = -3.8. In the case of the amorphous ices and liquid water, κ of water decreases by 3.5% upon deuteration at ambient conditions, whereas κ of HDA and VHDA ices instead increases by up to 5% for pressures up to 1.2 GPa at 130 K, despite HDA's and VHDA's structural similarities with water. The results are consistent with significant heat transport by librational modes in amorphous ices as well as water, and that deuteration increases phonon-phonon scattering in crystalline ice. Heat transport by librational modes is more pronounced in D2O than in H2O at low temperatures due to a deuteration-induced redshift of librational mode frequencies. Moreover, the results show that κ of deuterated LDA ice is 4% larger than that of normal LDA at 130 K, and both forms display an unusual temperature dependence of κ, which is reminiscent of that for crystals (κ ∼ T -1), and a unique negative pressure dependence of κ, which likely is linked to local-order structural similarities to ice Ih.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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10
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Santos MV, Sansinena M, Chirife J, Zaritzky N. Convective heat transfer coefficients of open and closed Cryotop ® systems under different warming conditions. Cryobiology 2018; 84:20-26. [PMID: 30114383 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The warming of cryopreserved samples supported by small volume devices is governed by heat transfer phenomena which are mathematically described by the solution of the transient heat conduction partial differential equations; the convective heat transfer coefficient (h) is an important parameter involved in the boundary condition which is related to the fluid dynamic behavior at the interface device-warming fluid (water, sucrose solution or air). Unfortunately, h values for small volume devices (i.e. Cryotop®) have not been experimentally determined. Moreover, heat transfer coefficients during warming of Cryotop® cannot be obtained through classical dimensionless correlations expressed in terms of Nusselt vs. Reynolds and Prandtl numbers that are available for regular geometries and single materials. It is the purpose of present work to determine the convective heat transfer coefficients (h) by numerically solving the heat transfer equation applying the finite element method. Numerical simulations allowed to predict time-temperature histories and warming rates under different protocols in Cryotop® system which were compared with literature warming rates reported for this device. The h values were calculated considering the heterogeneous structure of the domain (microdrop, plastic-support) and the irregular three-dimensional geometry. The warming conditions analyzed were: a) open system in contact with air and sucrose solution at 23 °C) and b) closed system in contact with air and water at 23 °C. The h values of the Cryotop® open system immersed in sucrose solution (23 °C), that according to literature achieved a survival in the order of 80%, are in the range of 1800-2200 W/m2K. The h values obtained in this work for warming conditions are critical parameters for cryobiologists when studying heat transfer rate in this small volume device.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Santos
- Depto. de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of La Plata), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (Center of Research and Development of Food Cryotechnology CIDCA, CONICET-UNLP-CIC PBA), Calle 47 y 116, La Plata, 1900, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, 1425, Argentina.
| | - M Sansinena
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University Argentina), C.A.B.A., Argentina, Av. A.M. de Justo, 1500, CABA, C1107AAZ, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, 1425, Argentina
| | - J Chirife
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University Argentina), C.A.B.A., Argentina, Av. A.M. de Justo, 1500, CABA, C1107AAZ, Argentina
| | - N Zaritzky
- Depto. de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of La Plata), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (Center of Research and Development of Food Cryotechnology CIDCA, CONICET-UNLP-CIC PBA), Calle 47 y 116, La Plata, 1900, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, 1425, Argentina
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11
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Iriarte-Carretero I, Gonzalez MA, Bresme F. Thermal conductivity of ice polymorphs: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11028-11036. [PMID: 29648555 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01272e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermal transport in ice features an unusual response. In addition to its intrinsic scientific interest, an understanding of the mechanisms determining the thermal conductivity of ice might be relevant in climate modelling and planetary science. Accurate microscopic models can provide important molecular insight into these mechanisms. In this work, we quantify using molecular simulations and state of the art forcefields, the thermal conductivity of ice Ih, VI, VII and a plastic phase that has been proposed very recently at pressures in the GPa range. The TIP4P models used in this study underestimate significantly the thermal conductivity of ice Ih and ice VII, while they show good agreement with experimental measurements of ice VI. The discrepancies observed are examined by investigating the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity. The simulations indicate that the models are too anharmonic and they potentially feature a higher structural disorder than the experimental systems. We suggest that at high pressures the simulated thermal conductivities can be rationalized in terms of the performance of the models in predicting the equation of state of ice. The thermal conductivity of the plastic phase is very similar to that of the coexisting ice VII. Since the water molecules in the plastic phase feature orientational disorder, these results indicate that the hydrogen bond network does not play a significant role in defining the thermal transport mechanisms of ice at high pressures.
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12
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Johari GP, Andersson O, Sundqvist B. Instability and thermal conductivity of pressure-densified and elastically altered orientational glass of Buckminsterfullerene. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144502. [PMID: 29655324 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the temperature, pressure, and time (T, p, and t)-dependent features of thermal conductivity, κ, of partially ordered, non-equilibrium state of C60-OG, the orientational glass of Buckminsterfullerene (at T below the orientational freezing temperature Tog) made more unstable (i) by partially depressurizing its high-p formed state to elastically expand it and (ii) by further pressurizing that state to elastically contract it. The sub-Tog effects observed on heating of C60-OG differ from those of glasses because phonon propagation depends on the ratio of two well-defined orientational states of C60 molecules and the density of the solid. A broad peak-like feature appears at T near Tog in the κ-T plots of C60-OG formed at 0.7 GPa, depressurized to 0.2 GPa and heated at 0.2 GPa, which we attribute to partial overlap of the sub-Tog and Tog features. A sub-Tog local minimum appears in the κ-T plots at T well below Tog of C60-OG formed at 0.1 GPa, pressurized to 0.5 GPa and heated at 0.5 GPa and it corresponds to the state of maximum disorder. Although Buckminsterfullerene is regarded as an orientationally disordered crystal, variation of its properties with T and p is qualitatively different from other such crystals. We discuss the findings in terms of the nature of its disorder, sensitivity of its rotational dynamics to temperature, and the absence of the Johari-Goldstein relaxation. All seem to affect the phenomenology of its glass-like transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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13
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Andersson O, Häussermann U. A Second Glass Transition in Pressure Collapsed Type II Clathrate Hydrates. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4376-4384. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Häussermann
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University,106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Johari GP, Andersson O. Structural relaxation and thermal conductivity of high-pressure formed, high-density di-n-butyl phthalate glass and pressure induced departures from equilibrium state. J Chem Phys 2017. [PMID: 28641442 DOI: 10.1063/1.4986063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a study of structural relaxation of high-density glasses of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) by measuring thermal conductivity, κ, under conditions of pressure and temperature (p,T) designed to modify both the vibrational and configurational states of a glass. Various high-density glassy states of DBP were formed by (i) cooling the liquid under a fixed high p and partially depressurizing the glass, (ii) isothermal annealing of the depressurized glass, and (iii) pressurizing the glass formed by cooling the liquid under low p. At a given low p, κ of the glass formed by cooling under high p is higher than that of the glass formed by cooling under low p, and the difference increases as glass formation p is increased. κ of the glass formed under 1 GPa is ∼20% higher at ambient p than κ of the glass formed at ambient p. On heating at low p, κ decreases until the glass to liquid transition range is reached. This is the opposite of the increase in κ observed when a glass formed under a certain p is heated under the same p. At a given high p, κ of the low-density glass formed by cooling at low p is lower than that of the high-density glass formed by cooling at that high p. On heating at high p, κ increases until the glass to liquid transition range is reached. The effects observed are due to a thermally assisted approach toward equilibrium at p different from the glass formation p. In all cases, the density, enthalpy, and entropy would change until the glasses become metastable liquids at a fixed p, thus qualitatively relating κ to variation in these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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15
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Shephard JJ, Klotz S, Vickers M, Salzmann CG. A new structural relaxation pathway of low-density amorphous ice. J Chem Phys 2017; 144:204502. [PMID: 27250311 DOI: 10.1063/1.4951013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density amorphous (LDA) ice is involved in critical cosmological processes and has gained prominence as one of the at least two distinct amorphous forms of ice. Despite these accolades, we still have an incomplete understanding of the structural diversity that is encompassed within the LDA state and the dynamic processes that take place upon heating LDA. Heating the high-pressure ice VIII phase at ambient pressure is a remarkable example of temperature-induced amorphisation yielding LDA. We investigate this process in detail using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and show that the LDA obtained from ice VIII is structurally different from the more "traditional" states of LDA which are approached upon thermal annealing. This new structural relaxation pathway involves an increase of structural order on the intermediate range length scale. In contrast with other LDA materials the local structure is more ordered initially and becomes slightly more disordered upon annealing. We also show that the cascade of phase transitions upon heating ice VIII at ambient pressure includes the formation of ice IX which may be connected with the structural peculiarities of LDA from ice VIII. Overall, this study shows that LDA is a structurally more diverse material than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Klotz
- IMPMC, CNRS UMR7590, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Martin Vickers
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph G Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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16
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Andersson O, Johari GP. Sub-T g features of glasses formed by cooling glycerol under pressure - Additional incompatibility of vibrational with configurational states in the depressurized, high density glass. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204506. [PMID: 27908124 DOI: 10.1063/1.4968019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The vibrational state of a glass is naturally incompatible with its configurational state, which makes the glass structurally unstable. When a glass is kept at constant temperature, both the vibrational and configurational states of a glass change with time until it becomes metastable (equilibrium) liquid and the two states become compatible. The process, known as structural relaxation, occurs at a progressively higher rate during heating, and the properties of a glass change accordingly. We add to this incompatibility by depressurizing a glass that had been formed by cooling a liquid under a high pressure, p, and then investigate the effects of the added incompatibility by studying thermal conductivity, κ, and the heat capacity per unit volume ρCp of the depressurized glass. We use glycerol for the purpose and study first the changes in the features of κ and of ρCp during glass formation on cooling under a set of different p. We then partially depressurize the glass and study the effect of the p-induced instability on the features of κ and ρCp as the glass is isobarically heated to the liquid state. At a given low p, the glass configuration that was formed by cooling at high-p had a higher κ than the glass configuration that was formed by cooling at a low p. The difference is more when the glass is formed at a higher p and/or is depressurized to a lower p. On heating at a low p, its κ decreases before its glass-liquid transition range is reached. The effect is the opposite of the increase in κ observed on heating a glass at the same p under which it was formed. It is caused by thermally assisted loss of the added incompatibility of configurational and vibrational states of a high-p formed glass kept at low p. If a glass formed under a low-p is pressurized and then heated under high p, it would show the opposite effect, i.e., its κ would first increase to its high p value before its glass-to-liquid transition range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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17
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Giant Phonon Anharmonicity and Anomalous Pressure Dependence of Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Y2Si2O7 silicate. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29801. [PMID: 27430670 PMCID: PMC4949468 DOI: 10.1038/srep29801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of lattice thermal conductivity (κL) of a solid by means of hydrostatic pressure (P) has been a crucially interesting approach that targets a broad range of advanced materials from thermoelectrics and thermal insulators to minerals in mantle. Although it is well documented knowledge that thermal conductivity of bulk materials normally increase upon hydrostatic pressure, such positive relationship is seriously challenged when it comes to ceramics with complex crystal structure and heterogeneous chemical bonds. In this paper, we predict an abnormally negative trend dκL/dP < 0 in Y2Si2O7 silicate using density functional theoretical calculations. The mechanism is disclosed as combined effects of slightly decreased group velocity and significantly augmented scattering of heat-carrying acoustic phonons in pressured lattice, which is originated from pressure-induced downward shift of low-lying optic and acoustic phonons. The structural origin of low-lying optic phonons as well as the induced phonon anharmonicity is also qualitatively elucidated with respect to intrinsic bonding heterogeneity of Y2Si2O7. The present results are expected to bring deeper insights for phonon engineering and modulation of thermal conductivity in complex solids with diverging structural flexibility, enormous bonding heterogeneity, and giant phonon anharmonicity.
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18
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Andersson O, Johari GP. Thermal conductivity of Glycerol's liquid, glass, and crystal states, glass-liquid-glass transition, and crystallization at high pressures. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:064504. [PMID: 26874494 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of local density fluctuations on phonon propagation in a hydrogen bonded structure, we studied the thermal conductivity κ of the crystal, liquid, and glassy states of pure glycerol as a function of the temperature, T, and the pressure, p. We find that the following: (i) κcrystal is 3.6-times the κliquid value at 140 K at 0.1 MPa and 2.2-times at 290 K, and it varies with T according to 138 × T(-0.95); (ii) the ratio κliquid (p)/κliquid (0.1 MPa) is 1.45 GPa(-1) at 280 K, which, unexpectedly, is about the same as κcrystal (p)/κcrystal (0.1 MPa) of 1.42 GPa(-1) at 298 K; (iii) κglass is relatively insensitive to T but sensitive to the applied p (1.38 GPa(-1) at 150 K); (iv) κglass-T plots show an enhanced, pressure-dependent peak-like feature, which is due to the glass to liquid transition on heating; (v) continuous heating cold-crystallizes ultraviscous glycerol under pressure, at a higher T when p is high; and (vi) glycerol formed by cooling at a high p and then measured at a low p has a significantly higher κ than the glass formed by cooling at a low p. On heating at a fixed low p, its κ decreases before its glass-liquid transition range at that p is reached. We attribute this effect to thermally assisted loss of the configurational and vibrational instabilities of a glass formed at high p and recovered at low p, which is different from the usual glass-aging effect. While the heat capacity, entropy, and volume of glycerol crystal are less than those for its glass and liquid, κcrystal of glycerol, like its elastic modulus and refractive index, is higher. We discuss these findings in terms of the role of fluctuations in local density and structure, and the relations between κ and the thermodynamic quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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19
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Krivchikov AI, Andersson O. Thermal Conductivity of Triphenyl Phosphite’s Liquid, Glassy, and Glacial States. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2845-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I. Krivchikov
- B. Verkin Institute
for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of NAS Ukraine, 47 Lenin Avenue, Kharkov 61103, Ukraine
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department
of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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20
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Rahnamoun A, van Duin ACT. Study of thermal conductivity of ice clusters after impact deposition on the silica surfaces using the ReaxFF reactive force field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1587-94. [PMID: 26670950 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During aircraft or spacecraft missions, ice accumulates on different parts of their surface elements. An important parameter affecting the ability to remove this ice from the surface is the heat transfer characteristics of the accumulated ice. The ice heat transfer is related to the process of ice formation and its density and internal structure. In this study we investigate the effects of the ice and silica structure and the ice cluster attachment mechanism to the silica surface on the thermal conductivity (TC) of the attached ice cluster using the ReaxFF reactive force field. The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal transport in amorphous and crystalline ice after high-velocity deposition on the silica surfaces. A dual thermostat method has been applied for the calculation of TC values. The validity of this method has been verified by comparing the calculated values of TC for crystal and amorphous ice with available experimental values. Our calculations show that the TC values of both crystal and amorphous ice drop after deposition on the silica surfaces. This decrease in the TC is more significant for the ice deposition on suboxide silica surfaces. Furthermore, crystal ice shows higher TC values than amorphous ice after accumulation. However, when crystal ice impacts on the silica surface at 1 km s(-1) impact speed, the crystalline shape of the ice cluster is lost to a considerable level and the TC values obtained for the ice clusters in such cases are closer to amorphous ice TC values. We observed a decrease in the TC values when ionic species are added inside the ice clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rahnamoun
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 234 Research East, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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21
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Persson BNJ. Ice friction: Role of non-uniform frictional heating and ice premelting. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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22
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Johari GP, Andersson O. Effects of stacking disorder on thermal conductivity of cubic ice. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:054505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4927566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. P. Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Ove Andersson
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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23
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Andersson O, Nakazawa Y. Transitions in Pressure Collapsed Clathrate Hydrates. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:3846-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511442r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ove Andersson
- Department
of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yasuhiro Nakazawa
- Research
Center for Structural Thermodynamics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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24
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Yu J, Andersson O, Johari GP. Effects of nanometer-size Laponite disks on thermal conductivity and specific heat of water and ice, and the gelation time. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Mante PA, Chen CC, Wen YC, Sheu JK, Sun CK. Thermal Boundary Resistance between GaN and Cubic Ice and THz Acoustic Attenuation Spectrum of Cubic Ice from Complex Acoustic Impedance Measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:225901. [PMID: 24329457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.225901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A phonon nanoscopy method, based on the picosecond ultrasonics technique, capable of studying the complex acoustic reflection coefficient at frequency up to 1 THz is proposed and demonstrated. By measuring the reflection coefficient at the same surface location at the interface between GaN and air, and between GaN and the material to characterize, we get access to the THz amplitude and phase spectra of the acoustic phonon reflection. The retrieval of both these pieces of information then allows the calculation of the attenuation in a wide range of frequency and gives new insight into the Kapitza anomaly. This method is then applied to cubic ice, and the measurements of the elastic properties, the phonon anharmonic decay spectrum up to 1 THz, as well as the measurements of the thermal phonon lifetime at 150 K are all achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Adrien Mante
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Wen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Kong Sheu
- Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuang Sun
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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26
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Tse JS, Klug DD. Pressure amorphized ices – an atomistic perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8255-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40201g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Andersson O, Johari GP. Effect of pressure on thermal conductivity and pressure collapse of ice in a polymer-hydrogel and kinetic unfreezing at 1 GPa. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:124903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3568817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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28
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Tonpheng B, Yu J, Andersson O. Effects of cross-links, pressure and temperature on the thermal properties and glass transition behaviour of polybutadiene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:15047-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20785g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Guo Z, Zhang D, Zhai Y, Gong XG. The intriguing thermal conductivity of ice nanotubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:285706. [PMID: 20585161 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/28/285706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the thermal conductivity of various ice nanotubes (Ice-NTs) using the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method. The results indicate that Ice-NTs have an unusually high thermal conductivity compared to that of the bulk ices. The thermal conductivity is sensitive to temperature, tube length and diameter, while being insensitive to polarization. We have also studied the confinement effect from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNs). A very remarkable increase in the thermal conductivity is further observed after the Ice-NTs are confined in SWCNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physics (MOE), and Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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30
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Elsaesser MS, Winkel K, Mayer E, Loerting T. Reversibility and isotope effect of the calorimetric glass → liquid transition of low-density amorphous ice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:708-12. [DOI: 10.1039/b917662d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Andersson O, Johari GP. Pressure-induced collapse of ice clathrate and hexagonal ice mixtures formed by freezing. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:114503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3225603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Tonpheng B, Andersson O. Crosslinking, thermal properties and relaxation behaviour of polyisoprene under high-pressure. Eur Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Loerting T, Salzmann CG, Winkel K, Mayer E. The relation between high-density and very-high-density amorphous ice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:2810-8. [PMID: 16775634 DOI: 10.1039/b603159e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exact nature of the relationship between high-density (HDA) and very-high-density (VHDA) amorphous ice is unknown at present. Here we review the relation between HDA and VHDA, concentrating on experimental aspects and discuss these with respect to the relation between low-density amorphous ice (LDA) and HDA. On compressing LDA at 125 K up to 1.5 GPa, two distinct density steps are observable in the pressure-density curves which correspond to the LDA --> HDA and HDA --> VHDA conversion. This stepwise formation process LDA --> HDA --> VHDA at 125 K is the first unambiguous observation of a stepwise amorphous-amorphous-amorphous transformation sequence. Density values of amorphous ice obtained in situ between 0.3 and 1.9 GPa on isobaric heating up to the temperatures of crystallization show a pronounced change of slope at ca. 0.8 GPa which could indicate formation of a distinct phase. We infer that the relation between HDA and VHDA is very similar to that between LDA and HDA except for a higher activation barrier between the former. We further discuss the two options of thermodynamic phase transition versus kinetic densification for the HDA --> VHDA conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Loerting
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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34
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Salzmann CG, Loerting T, Klotz S, Mirwald PW, Hallbrucker A, Mayer E. Isobaric annealing of high-density amorphous ice between 0.3 and 1.9 GPa: in situ density values and structural changes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 8:386-97. [PMID: 16482282 DOI: 10.1039/b510168a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report in situ density values of amorphous ice obtained between 0.3 and 1.9 GPa and 144 to 183 K. Starting from high-density amorphous ice made by pressure-amorphizing hexagonal ice at 77 K, samples were heated at a constant pressure until crystallization to high-pressure ices occurred. Densities of amorphous ice were calculated from those of high-pressure ice mixtures and the volume change on crystallization. In the density versus pressure plot a pronounced change of slope occurs at approximately 0.8 GPa, with a slope of 0.21 g cm(-3) GPa(-1) below 0.8 GPa and a slope of 0.10 g cm(-3) GPa(-1) above 0.8 GPa. Both X-ray diffractograms and Raman spectra of recovered samples show that major structural changes occur up to approximately 0.8 GPa, developing towards those of very high-density amorphous ice reported by (T. Loerting, C. Salzmann, I. Kohl, E. Mayer and A. Hallbrucker, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2001, 3, 5355) and that further increase of pressure has only a minor effect. In addition, the effect of annealing temperature (T(A)) at a given pressure on the structural changes was studied by Raman spectra of recovered samples in the coupled O-H and decoupled O-D stretching band region: at 0.5 GPa structural changes are observed between approximately 100-116 K, at 1.17 GPa between approximately 121-130 K. Further increase of T(A) or of annealing time has no effect, thus indicating that the samples are fully relaxed. We conclude that mainly irreversible structural changes between 0.3 to approximately 0.8 GPa lead to the pronounced increase in density, whereas above approximately 0.8 GPa the density increase is dominated to a large extent by reversible elastic compression. These results seem consistent with simulation studies by (R. Martonàk, D. Donadio and M. Parrinello, J. Chem. Phys., 2005, 122, 134501) where substantial reconstruction of the topology of the hydrogen bonded network and changes in the ring statistics from e.g. mainly six-membered to mainly nine-membered rings were observed on pressure increase up to 0.9 GPa and further pressure increase had little effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph G Salzmann
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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35
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Yu X, Leitner DM. Thermal transport coefficients for liquid and glassy water computed from a harmonic aqueous glass. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:104503. [PMID: 16178606 DOI: 10.1063/1.2009732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We compute thermal transport coefficients for liquid and glassy water in terms of the vibrations of the quenched liquid. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are computed for H(2)O and D(2)O at densities from 0.93 to 1.2 g cm(-3). The computed thermal diffusivity of liquid water is in reasonable agreement with measured values and is found to increase with increasing temperature due largely to the thermal accessibility of delocalized librational modes. The influence of structure and density on the thermal conductivity of amorphous ices is investigated. The calculations reveal that density alone is unable to explain the measured thermal conductivity of amorphous ices, particularly low-density amorphous ices, for which the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing temperature near 100 K. To investigate the influence of structure on thermal transport in amorphous ices we have computed the thermal transport coefficients for low-density amorphous ices prepared in two different ways, one formed by quenching the liquid at 0.93 g cm(-3) and the other by distortion of cubic ice at the same density. The computed thermal conductivity of the latter is higher, but the structures of both forms are too disordered for the thermal conductivity to exhibit the unusual variation observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 89557, USA
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