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Ponticelli M, Lela L, Moles M, Mangieri C, Bisaccia D, Faraone I, Falabella R, Milella L. The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113518. [PMID: 36423749 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over many years, natural products have been a source of healing agents and have exhibited beneficial uses for treating human diseases. The Gentiana genus is the biggest genus in the Gentianaceae, with over 400 species distributed mainly in alpine zones of temperate countries around the world. Plants in the Gentiana genus have historically been used to treat a wide range of diseases. Still, only in the last years has particular attention been paid to the biological activities of Gentiana lutea Linn., also known as yellow Gentian or bitterwort. Several in vitro/vivo investigations and human interventional trials have demonstrated the promising activity of G. lutea extracts against oxidative stress, microbial infections, inflammation, obesity, atherosclerosis, etc.. A systematic approach was performed using Pubmed and Scopus databases to update G. lutea chemistry and activity. Specifically, this systematic review synthesized the major specialized bitter metabolites and the biological activity data obtained from different cell lines, animal models, and human interventional trials. This review aims to the exaltation of G. lutea as a source of bioactive compounds that can prevent and treat several human illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Ludovica Lela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Mariapia Moles
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Claudia Mangieri
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Donatella Bisaccia
- Italian National Research Council-Water Research Institute, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70123, Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy; Spinoff Bioactiplant Srl Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberto Falabella
- Urology Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
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2
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Li C, Lu Y, Han X. Identification of Effective Diagnostic Biomarkers and Immune Cell Infiltration in Atopic Dermatitis by Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:917077. [PMID: 35911963 PMCID: PMC9330059 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.917077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a dermatological disorder characterized by symptoms such as chronically inflamed skin and frequently intolerable itching. The mechanism underlying AD development is still unclear. Our study aims to identify the diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for AD and provide insight into immune mechanisms at the molecular level through bioinformatics analysis.Methods: The GSE6012, GSE32924, and GSE36842 gene expression profiles were obtained for analysis from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were segregated using the “Batch correction” and “RobustRankAggreg” methods. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to screen for module genes with AD traits. Then, common DEGs (co-DEGs) were screened out via combined differential expression analysis and WGCNA. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for these co-DEGs using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), followed by protein-protein interaction network analysis. Candidate hub genes were identified using the “cytoHubba” plugin in Cytoscape, and their value for AD diagnosis was validated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in the external database GSE120721. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for further validation. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate skin samples obtained from healthy controls (HCs) and lesions of AD patients, to determine the extent of immune cell infiltration. The association between the identified hub genes and significant differential immune cells was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.Results: A total of 259 DEGs were acquired from the intersection of DEGs obtained by the two independent procedures, and 331 AD-trait module genes were separated out from the blue module via WGCNA analysis. Then, 169 co-DEGs arising from the intersection of the 259 DEGs and the 331 AD-trait module genes were obtained. We found that co-DEGs were significantly enhanced in the type I interferon and IL-17 signal transduction pathways. Thirteen potential hub genes were identified using Cytoscape. Five hub genes (CCR7, CXCL10, IRF7, MMP1, and RRM2) were identified after screening via external dataset validation and immunohistochemical analysis. We also identified four significant differential immune cells, i.e., activated dendritic cells, plasma cells, resting mast cells, and CD4+ naïve T cells, between AD patients and HCs. Moreover, the relationship between the identified hub genes and significant differential immune cells was analyzed. The results showed that the CCR7 expression level was positively correlated with the number of CD4+ naïve T cells (R = 0.42, p = 0.011).Conclusion: CCR7, CXCL10, IRF7, MMP1, and RRM2 could be potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for AD. CCR7 expression level was positively correlated with the number of CD4+ naïve T cells in AD. These findings need to be corroborated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongping Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, The Affiliated Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuping Han, ; Yongping Lu,
| | - Xiuping Han
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuping Han, ; Yongping Lu,
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3
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Charoenchon N, Rhodes LE, Nicolaou A, Williamson G, Watson RE, Farrar MD. Ultraviolet radiation‐induced degradation of dermal extracellular matrix and protection by green tea catechins: a randomised controlled trial. Clin Exp Dermatol 2022; 47:1314-1323. [PMID: 35279873 PMCID: PMC9320810 DOI: 10.1111/ced.15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Aim Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisamanee Charoenchon
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Lesley E. Rhodes
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry School of Health Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Victoria Australia
| | - Rachel E.B. Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Mark D. Farrar
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
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4
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Pedić L, Pondeljak N, Šitum M. Recent information on photoaging mechanisms and the preventive role of topical sunscreen products. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2020. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2020.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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5
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Langton AK, Tsoureli-Nikita E, Merrick H, Zhao X, Antoniou C, Stratigos A, Akhtar R, Derby B, Sherratt MJ, Watson RE, Griffiths CE. The systemic influence of chronic smoking on skin structure and mechanical function. J Pathol 2020; 251:420-428. [PMID: 32472631 DOI: 10.1002/path.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major functions of human skin is to provide protection from the environment. Although we cannot entirely avoid, for example, sun exposure, it is likely that exposure to other environmental factors could affect cutaneous function. A number of studies have identified smoking as one such factor that leads to both facial wrinkle formation and a decline in skin function. In addition to the direct physical effects of tobacco smoke on skin, its inhalation has additional profound systemic effects for the smoker. The adverse effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems from smoking are well known. Central to the pathological changes associated with smoking is the elastic fibre, a key component of the extracellular matrices of lungs. In this study we examined the systemic effect of chronic smoking (>40 cigarettes/day; >5 years) on the histology of the cutaneous elastic fibre system, the nanostructure and mechanics of one of its key components, the fibrillin-rich microfibril, and the micromechanical stiffness of the dermis and epidermis. We show that photoprotected skin of chronic smokers exhibits significant remodelling of the elastic fibre network (both elastin and fibrillin-rich microfibrils) as compared to the skin of age- and sex-matched non-smokers. This remodelling is not associated with increased gelatinase activity (as identified by in situ zymography). Histological remodelling is accompanied by significant ultrastructural changes to extracted fibrillin-rich microfibrils. Finally, using scanning acoustic microscopy, we demonstrated that chronic smoking significantly increases the stiffness of both the dermis and the epidermis. Taken together, these data suggest an unappreciated systemic effect of chronic inhalation of tobacco smoke on the cutaneous elastic fibre network. Such changes may in part underlie the skin wrinkling and loss of skin elasticity associated with smoking. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail K Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Evridiki Tsoureli-Nikita
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Holly Merrick
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Xuegen Zhao
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christina Antoniou
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian Derby
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Eb Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Em Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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6
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Eckersley A, Ozols M, O'Cualain R, Keevill EJ, Foster A, Pilkington S, Knight D, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB, Sherratt MJ. Proteomic fingerprints of damage in extracellular matrix assemblies. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 5:100027. [PMID: 33543016 PMCID: PMC7852314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the dynamic intracellular environment, structural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins with half-lives measured in decades, are susceptible to accumulating damage. Whilst conventional approaches such as histology, immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry are able to identify age- and disease-related changes in protein abundance or distribution, these techniques are poorly suited to characterising molecular damage. We have previously shown that mass spectrometry can detect tissue-specific differences in the proteolytic susceptibility of protein regions within fibrillin-1 and collagen VI alpha-3. Here, we present a novel proteomic approach to detect damage-induced “peptide fingerprints” within complex multi-component ECM assemblies (fibrillin and collagen VI microfibrils) following their exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) by broadband UVB or solar simulated radiation (SSR). These assemblies were chosen because, in chronically photoaged skin, fibrillin and collagen VI microfibril architectures are differentially susceptible to UVR. In this study, atomic force microscopy revealed that fibrillin microfibril ultrastructure was significantly altered by UVR exposure whereas the ultrastructure of collagen VI microfibrils was resistant. UVR-induced molecular damage was further characterised by proteolytic peptide generation with elastase followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Peptide mapping revealed that UVR exposure increased regional proteolytic susceptibility within the protein structures of fibrillin-1 and collagen VI alpha-3. This allowed the identification of UVR-induced molecular changes within these two key ECM assemblies. Additionally, similar changes were observed within protein regions of co-purifying, microfibril-associated receptors integrins αv and β1. This study demonstrates that LC-MS/MS mapping of peptides enables the characterisation of molecular post-translational damage (via direct irradiation and radiation-induced oxidative mechanisms) within a complex in vitro model system. This peptide fingerprinting approach reliably allows both the identification of UVR-induced molecular damage in and between proteins and the identification of specific protein domains with increased proteolytic susceptibility as a result of photo-denaturation. This has the potential to serve as a sensitive method of identifying accumulated molecular damage in vivo using conventional mass spectrometry data-sets. Mass spectrometry “peptide fingerprinting” can detect post-translational damage within extracellular matrix proteins. UVR-induced FBN1 and COL6A3 peptide fingerprints are reproducibly identified from purified microfibrils. Peptide mapping reveals increased regional susceptibilities to proteolysis in FBN1 and COL6A3 proteins. Regional changes are also observed in protein structures of microfibril-associated receptor integrins αv and β1. This “peptide fingerprinting” approach is applicable to conventional LC-MS/MS datasets.
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Key Words
- AFM, atomic force microscopy
- COL6A3, collagen VI alpha 3 chain
- Collagen VI microfibril
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor domain
- Fibrillin microfibril
- HDF, human dermal fibroblast
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- Mass spectrometry
- PSM, peptide spectrum match
- Photodamage
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SSR, solar simulated radiation
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta
- UVR, ultraviolet radiation
- Ultraviolet radiation
- vWA, von Willebrand factor type A domain
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Eckersley
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matiss Ozols
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ronan O'Cualain
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emma-Jayne Keevill
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - April Foster
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Suzanne Pilkington
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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7
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Foster AR, El Chami C, O'Neill CA, Watson REB. Osmolyte transporter expression is reduced in photoaged human skin: Implications for skin hydration in aging. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13058. [PMID: 31769623 PMCID: PMC6974728 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the deterioration of tissue structure and function. In skin, environmental factors, for example, ultraviolet radiation (UVR), can accelerate the effects of aging such as decline in barrier function and subsequent loss of hydration. Water homeostasis is vital for all cellular functions and it is known that organic osmolyte transport is critical to this process. Therefore, we hypothesized that as we age, these tightly controlled physiological mechanisms become disrupted, possibly due to loss of transporter expression. We investigated this in vivo, using human skin samples from photoprotected and photoexposed sites of young and aged volunteers. We show a reduction in keratinocyte cell size with age and a downregulation of osmolyte transporters SMIT and TAUT with both chronic and acute UVR exposure. Single‐cell live imaging demonstrated that aged keratinocytes lack efficient cell volume recovery mechanisms possessed by young keratinocytes following physiological stress. However, addition of exogenous taurine significantly rescued cell volume; this was corroborated by a reduction in TAUT mRNA and protein in aged, as compared to young, keratinocytes. Collectively, these novel data demonstrate that human epidermal keratinocytes possess osmolyte‐mediated cell volume regulatory mechanisms, which may be compromised in aging. Therefore, this suggests that organic osmolytes—especially taurine—play a critical role in cutaneous age‐related xerosis and highlights a fundamental mechanism, vital to our understanding of the pathophysiology of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- April R. Foster
- Centre for Dermatology Research Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Cecile El Chami
- Centre for Dermatology Research Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Catherine A. O'Neill
- Centre for Dermatology Research Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Rachel E. B. Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
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8
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Tominaga Y, Kadota K, Kitayama A, Shimosaka A, Yoshida M, Shirakawa Y. Diffusion mechanism and release profile of a multivitamin from TiO2 hollow particles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Newton VL, Riba-Garcia I, Griffiths CEM, Rawlings AV, Voegeli R, Unwin RD, Sherratt MJ, Watson REB. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics reveals the distinct nature of the skin proteomes of photoaged compared to intrinsically aged skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:118-131. [PMID: 30661253 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With increasing age, skin is subject to alterations in its organization, which impact on its function as well as having clinical consequences. Proteomics is a useful tool for non-targeted, semi-quantitative simultaneous investigation of high numbers of proteins. In the current study, we utilize proteomics to characterize and contrast age-associated differences in photoexposed and photoprotected skin, with a focus on the epidermis, dermal-epidermal junction and papillary dermis. METHODS Skin biopsies from buttock (photoprotected) and forearm (photoexposed) of healthy volunteers (aged 18-30 or ≥65 years) were transversely sectioned from the stratum corneum to a depth of 250 μm. Following SDS-PAGE, each sample lane was segmented prior to analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Pathway analysis was carried out using Ingenuity IPA. RESULTS Comparison of skin proteomes at buttock and forearm sites revealed differences in relative protein abundance. Ageing in skin on the photoexposed forearm resulted in 80% of the altered proteins being increased with age, in contrast to the photoprotected buttock where 74% of altered proteins with age were reduced. Functionally, age-altered proteins in the photoexposed forearm were associated with conferring structure, energy and metabolism. In the photoprotected buttock, proteins associated with gene expression, free-radical scavenging, protein synthesis and protein degradation were most frequently altered. CONCLUSION This study highlights the necessity of not considering photoageing as an accelerated intrinsic ageing, but as a distinct physiological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Newton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - I Riba-Garcia
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology facility (3rd Floor), 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - C E M Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - R Voegeli
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - R D Unwin
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Core Technology facility (3rd Floor), 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - M J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R E B Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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10
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Kim M, Son D, Shin S, Park D, Byun S, Jung E. Protective effects of Camellia japonica flower extract against urban air pollutants. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:30. [PMID: 30691451 PMCID: PMC6350298 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure of skin to urban air pollutants is closely related to skin aging and inflammatory responses such as wrinkles formation, pigmentation spot, atopic dermatitis, and acne. Thus, a great deal of interest has been focused on the development of natural resources that can provide a protective effect to skin from pollutants. Methods The antioxidative activity of Camellia japonica flower extract (CJFE) was evaluated by 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay, and the inhibitory effect of CJFE by urban air pollutants-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined in cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). We additionally investigated the protective effects of CJFE against urban air pollutant using in vitro and ex vivo model. Results CJFE with high phenolic concentration showed antioxidative activity on scavenging capacity of 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation in a concentration dependent manner. CJFE inhibited urban air pollutants-induced ROS generation, matrixmetalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) production and a xenobiotic response element (XRE)-luciferase activity indicating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transactivation. In addition, CJFE showed an excellent protective activity against pollutants-induced deteriorating effect in ex vivo model. CJFE reduced the level of pollutants-induced malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation marker, inhibited MMP-1 expression and increased collagen synthesis. It also reduced the cell numbers with pyknotic nuclei (mainly occurring in apoptosis) and detachment of dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ) induced by pollutants. Conclusions Apparently, it is proposed that CJFE can be used as a protective material against pollutant-induced skin damages. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2405-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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11
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Charoenchon N, Rhodes LE, Pilkington SM, Farrar MD, Watson REB. Differential reorganisation of cutaneous elastic fibres: a comparison of the in vivo effects of broadband ultraviolet B versus solar simulated radiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:889-895. [PMID: 29697102 PMCID: PMC6044188 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00412e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure of human skin to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in sunlight negatively impacts its appearance and function with photoaged skin having a characteristic leathery, rough appearance, with deep wrinkles. These clinical features of photodamage are thought to result from UVR-induced remodelling of the dermal extracellular matrix, particularly the elastic fibre system. There are few in vivo human data on the impact of acute UVR exposure on this fibre system and particularly solar-simulated radiation (SSR)-mediated effects. We examined the differential effect of broadband UVB and SSR on the human dermal elastic fibre system, and specifically the microfibrillar components fibrillin-1, fibulin-2 and fibulin-5. Healthy white Caucasian adults (skin type II-III) were recruited and irradiated with 3× their minimal erythema dose of broadband UVB (n = 6) or SSR (n = 6) on photoprotected buttock skin. Punch biopsies were taken 24 h after irradiation and from unirradiated control skin. Overall, histological assessment of elastic fibres revealed significantly less elastic fibre staining in broadband UVB (P = 0.004) or SSR (P = 0.04) irradiated skin compared to unirradiated control skin. Significantly less staining of fibrillin-1-positive microfibrils was also observed in the papillary dermis of UVB irradiated skin (P = 0.02) but not skin exposed to SSR. Conversely, immunohistochemistry for fibulin-5-positive microfibrils revealed significantly less expression in skin exposed to SSR (P = 0.04) but not to broadband UVB. There was no significant change in fibulin-2-positive microfibrils following either broadband UVB or SSR irradiation. Thus, broadband UVB and SSR mediate differential effects on individual components of the dermal elastic fibre network in human skin. Further human studies are required to explore the mechanisms underlying these findings and the impact of potential photoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisamanee Charoenchon
- Centre for Dermatology Research
, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences
, School of Biological Sciences
, Faculty of Biology
, Medicine and Health
, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
, The University of Manchester M13 9PT and The Dermatology Centre
, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
,
Salford M6 8HD
, UK
.
; Tel: +44 (0)161 275 5505
| | - Lesley E. Rhodes
- Centre for Dermatology Research
, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences
, School of Biological Sciences
, Faculty of Biology
, Medicine and Health
, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
, The University of Manchester M13 9PT and The Dermatology Centre
, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
,
Salford M6 8HD
, UK
.
; Tel: +44 (0)161 275 5505
| | - Suzanne M. Pilkington
- Centre for Dermatology Research
, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences
, School of Biological Sciences
, Faculty of Biology
, Medicine and Health
, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
, The University of Manchester M13 9PT and The Dermatology Centre
, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
,
Salford M6 8HD
, UK
.
; Tel: +44 (0)161 275 5505
| | - Mark D. Farrar
- Centre for Dermatology Research
, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences
, School of Biological Sciences
, Faculty of Biology
, Medicine and Health
, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
, The University of Manchester M13 9PT and The Dermatology Centre
, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
,
Salford M6 8HD
, UK
.
; Tel: +44 (0)161 275 5505
| | - Rachel E. B. Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research
, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences
, School of Biological Sciences
, Faculty of Biology
, Medicine and Health
, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
, The University of Manchester M13 9PT and The Dermatology Centre
, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
,
Salford M6 8HD
, UK
.
; Tel: +44 (0)161 275 5505
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12
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Zaccariello G, Back M, Zanello M, Canton P, Cattaruzza E, Riello P, Alimonti A, Benedetti A. Formation and Controlled Growth of Bismuth Titanate Phases into Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: An Efficient Self-Sealing Nanosystem for UV Filtering in Cosmetic Formulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1913-1921. [PMID: 28001044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanosized inorganic UV filters in cosmetic field is limited by their high photocatalytic properties that could induce the degradation or dangerous transformation of the organic molecules in sunscreen formulations. To overcome this problem and simultaneously enlarge the window of filter's absorption, we propose the growth of bismuth titanates BixTiyOz into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). We investigated the chemical-physical properties by means of XRPD, TEM, UV-vis spectroscopy, N2 physisorption, XPS, and SF-ICP-MS analysis, while the influence on the environment was evaluated through photocatalytic tests. The growing process of this new nanosystem is discussed underlining the key role of the Bi3+ ion that, acting as a low-melting point agent for the silica framework, led to a self-sealing mechanism. The excellent UV shielding properties combined with a radical suppression of the photocatalytic activity make the proposed nanosystem a perfect candidate for the development of the next generation nanomaterials for sunscreen formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Zaccariello
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Michele Back
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Marta Zanello
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Patrizia Canton
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Elti Cattaruzza
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Pietro Riello
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alimonti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Bioelement and Health Unit, Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health , Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Alvise Benedetti
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems and Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia , Via Torino 155/b, Venezia-Mestre I-30172, Italy
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13
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Gutiérrez-Hernández JM, Escalante A, Murillo-Vázquez RN, Delgado E, González FJ, Toríz G. Use of Agave tequilana-lignin and zinc oxide nanoparticles for skin photoprotection. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:156-61. [PMID: 27573548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of sunscreens is essential for preventing skin damage and the potential appearance of skin cancer in humans. Inorganic active components such as zinc oxide (ZnO) have been used commonly in sunscreens due to their ability to block UVA radiation. This ultraviolet (UV) protection might be enhanced to cover the UVB and UVC bands when combined with other components such as titanium dioxide (TiO2). In this work we evaluate the photoprotection properties of organic nanoparticles made from lignin in combination with ZnO nanoparticles as active ingredients for sunscreens. Lignin nanoparticles were synthesized from Agave tequilana lignin. Two different pulping methods were used for dissolving lignin from agave bagasse. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by the precipitation method. All nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Nanoparticles were mixed with a neutral vehicle in different concentrations and in-vitro sun protection factor (SPF) values were calculated. Different sizes of spherical lignin nanoparticles were obtained from the spent liquors of two different pulping methods. ZnO nanoparticles resulted with a flake shape. The mixture of all components gave SPF values in a range between 4 and 13. Lignin nanoparticles showed absorption in the UVB and UVC regions which can enhance the SPF value of sunscreens composed only of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Lignin nanoparticles have the added advantage of being of organic nature and its brown color can be used to match the skin tone of the person using it.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Gutiérrez-Hernández
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 78000 San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Escalante
- Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, 45110 Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico
| | | | - Ezequiel Delgado
- Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, 45110 Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier González
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 78000 San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Toríz
- Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, 45110 Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico.
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14
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Damiani E, Ullrich SE. Understanding the connection between platelet-activating factor, a UV-induced lipid mediator of inflammation, immune suppression and skin cancer. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 63:14-27. [PMID: 27073146 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid mediators of inflammation play important roles in several diseases including skin cancer, the most prevalent type of cancer found in the industrialized world. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a complete carcinogen and is the primary cause of skin cancer. UV radiation is also a potent immunosuppressive agent, and UV-induced immunosuppression is a well-known risk factor for skin cancer induction. An essential mediator in this process is the glyercophosphocholine 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine commonly referred to as platelet-activating factor (PAF). PAF is produced by keratinocytes in response to diverse stimuli and exerts its biological effects by binding to a single specific G-protein-coupled receptor (PAF-R) expressed on a variety of cells. This review will attempt to describe how this lipid mediator is involved in transmitting the immunosuppressive signal from the skin to the immune system, starting from its production by keratinocytes, to its role in activating mast cell migration in vivo, and to the mechanisms involved that ultimately lead to immune suppression. Recent findings related to its role in regulating DNA repair and activating epigenetic mechanisms, further pinpoint the importance of this bioactive lipid, which may serve as a critical molecular mediator that links the environment (UVB radiation) to the immune system and the epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Damiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stephen E Ullrich
- Department of Immunology and The Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas Graduate School for Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Mercurio D, Jdid R, Morizot F, Masson P, Maia Campos P. Morphological, structural and biophysical properties of French and Brazilian photoaged skin. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:553-61. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.G. Mercurio
- NEATEC; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - R. Jdid
- Chanel Research and Technology Centre; Pantin France
| | - F. Morizot
- Chanel Research and Technology Centre; Pantin France
| | | | - P.M.B.G. Maia Campos
- NEATEC; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
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16
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Amarogentin Displays Immunomodulatory Effects in Human Mast Cells and Keratinocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:630128. [PMID: 26600671 PMCID: PMC4639662 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes express the bitter taste receptors TAS2R1 and TAS2R38. Amarogentin as an agonist for TAS2R1 and other TAS2Rs promotes keratinocyte differentiation. Similarly, mast cells are known to express bitter taste receptors. The aim of this study was to assess whether bitter compounds display immunomodulatory effects on these immunocompetent cells in the skin, so that they might be a target in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Here, we investigated the impact of amarogentin on substance P-induced release of histamine and TNF-α from the human mast cell line LAD-2. Furthermore, the effect of amarogentin on HaCaT keratinocytes costimulated with TNF-α and histamine was investigated. Amarogentin inhibited in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α, but the degranulation and release of stored histamine were not affected. In HaCaT keratinocytes histamine and TNF-α induced IL-8 and MMP-1 expression was reduced by amarogentin to a similar extent as with azelastine. In conclusion amarogentin displays immunomodulatory effects in the skin by interacting with mast cells and keratinocytes.
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17
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Carnesecchi J, Malbouyres M, de Mets R, Balland M, Beauchef G, Vié K, Chamot C, Lionnet C, Ruggiero F, Vanacker JM. Estrogens induce rapid cytoskeleton re-organization in human dermal fibroblasts via the non-classical receptor GPR30. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120672. [PMID: 25781607 PMCID: PMC4363467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-menopausal decrease in estrogen circulating levels results in rapid skin deterioration pointing out to a protective effect exerted by these hormones. The identity of the skin cell type responding to estrogens is unclear as are the cellular and molecular processes they elicit. Here, we reported that lack of estrogens induces rapid re-organization of the human dermal fibroblast cytoskeleton resulting in striking cell shape change. This morphological change was accompanied by a spatial re-organization of focal adhesion and a substantial reduction of their number as evidenced by vinculin and actin co-staining. Cell morphology and cytoskeleton organization was fully restored upon 17β-estradiol (E2) addition. Treatment with specific ER antagonists and cycloheximide respectively showed that the E2 acts independently of the classical Estrogen Receptors and that cell shape change is mediated by non-genomic mechanisms. E2 treatment resulted in a rapid and transient activation of ERK1/2 but not Src or PI3K. We show that human fibroblasts express the non-classical E2 receptor GPR30 and that its agonist G-1 phenocopies the effect of E2. Inhibiting GPR30 through treatment with the G-15 antagonist or specific shRNA impaired E2 effects. Altogether, our data reveal a novel mechanism by which estrogens act on skin fibroblast by regulating cell shape through the non-classical G protein-coupled receptor GPR30 and ERK1/2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carnesecchi
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marilyne Malbouyres
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Richard de Mets
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de Physique UMR CNRS 5588, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Martial Balland
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de Physique UMR CNRS 5588, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Florence Ruggiero
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Vanacker
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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18
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Silva AA. Improving Photoprotection Attitudes in the Tropics: SunburnvsVitamin D. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:1446-54. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abel A. Silva
- Instituto de Estudos Avançados; Rod. dos Tamoios km 5.5 Torrão de Ouro II São José dos Campos SP Brazil
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19
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Wölfle U, Heinemann A, Esser PR, Haarhaus B, Martin SF, Schempp CM. Luteolin prevents solar radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 activation in human fibroblasts: a role for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and interleukin-20 released from keratinocytes. Rejuvenation Res 2012; 15:466-75. [PMID: 23004935 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2011.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is continuously exposed to solar radiation, which can result in photoaging, a process involving both dermal and, to a lesser extent, epidermal structures. Previously, we have shown that the flavonoid luteolin protects the epidermis from ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage by a combination of UV-absorbing, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to determine direct and indirect effects of luteolin on dermal fibroblasts as major targets of photoaging. Stimulation of fibroblasts with UVA light or the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-20 (IL-20) is associated with wrinkled skin, increased IL-6 secretion, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) expression, and hyaluronidase activity. All of these targets were inhibited by luteolin via interference with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Next, we assessed the role of conditioned supernatants from keratinocytes irradiated with solar-simulated radiation (SSR) on nonirradiated dermal fibroblasts. In keratinocytes, luteolin inhibited SSR-induced production of IL-20, also via interference with the p38 MAPK pathway. Similarly, keratinocyte supernatant-induced IL-6 and MMP-1 expression in fibroblasts was reduced by pretreatment of keratinocytes with luteolin. Finally, these results were confirmed ex vivo on skin explants treated with luteolin before UV irradiation. Our results suggest that SSR-mediated production of soluble factors in keratinocytes is modulated by luteolin and may attenuate photoaging in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wölfle
- Competence Center skintegral, Department of Dermatology, University Freiburg Medical Center, Germany.
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20
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Thurstan SA, Gibbs NK, Langton AK, Griffiths CE, Watson RE, Sherratt MJ. Chemical consequences of cutaneous photoageing. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:34. [PMID: 22534143 PMCID: PMC3410765 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin, in common with other organs, ages as a consequence of the passage of time, but in areas exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation, the effects of this intrinsic ageing process are exacerbated. In particular, both the severity and speed of onset of age-related changes, such as wrinkle formation and loss of elasticity, are enhanced in photoaged (also termed extrinsically aged) as compared with aged, photoprotected, skin. The anatomy of skin is characterised by two major layers: an outer, avascular, yet highly cellular and dynamic epidermis and an underlying vascularised, comparatively static and cell-poor, dermis. The structural consequences of photoageing are mainly evident in the extracellular matrix-rich but cell-poor dermis where key extracellular matrix proteins are particularly susceptible to photodamage. Most investigations to date have concentrated on the cell as both a target for and mediator of, ultraviolet radiation-induced photoageing. As the main effectors of dermal remodelling produced by cells (extracellular proteases) generally have low substrate specificity, we recently suggested that the differential susceptibility of key extracellular matrix proteins to the processes of photoageing may be due to direct, as opposed to cell-mediated, photodamage. In this review, we discuss the experimental evidence for ultraviolet radiation (and related reactive oxygen species)-mediated differential degradation of normally long lived dermal proteins including the fibrillar collagens, elastic fibre components, glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Whilst these components exhibit highly diverse primary and hence macro- and supra-molecular structures, we present evidence that amino acid composition alone may be a useful predictor of age-related protein degradation in both photoexposed and, as a consequence of differential oxidation sensitivity, photoprotected, tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Thurstan
- Developmental Biomedicine Research Groups, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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21
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Walsh LA, Stock ML. UV photography, masculinity, and college men's sun protection cognitions. J Behav Med 2011; 35:431-42. [PMID: 21818599 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-011-9372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of an ultraviolet (UV) photography intervention and masculinity on college men's sun protection cognitions, including: perceived vulnerability to skin damage, attitudes toward sun protection, willingness to engage in sun protection behaviors, and intentions to receive a skin cancer exam. After completing a baseline survey, participants (N = 152) viewed a black-and-white photo of their face. Half also viewed a photo showing their UV damage. Participants then completed a second survey assessing sun protection cognitions. Regressions revealed that masculinity predicted lower sun protection cognitions, and men in the UV photograph condition reported higher sun protection cognitions. Masculinity by condition interactions showed that the positive effect of UV photography was stronger among masculine men. Negative associations between masculinity and sun protection cognitions were significant only among men who did not receive the intervention. Findings suggest that UV photography is a promising sun protection intervention among masculine men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Walsh
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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22
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Sambandan DR, Ratner D. Sunscreens: An overview and update. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011; 64:748-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Hašová M, Crhák T, Safránková B, Dvořáková J, Muthný T, Velebný V, Kubala L. Hyaluronan minimizes effects of UV irradiation on human keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 303:277-84. [PMID: 21448660 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has detrimental effects on skin accompanied by the increased metabolism of hyaluronan (HA), a linear polysaccharide important for the normal physiological functions of skin. In this study, the modulation of human keratinocyte response to UVB irradiation by HA (970 kDa) was investigated. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were irradiated by a single dose of UVB and immediately treated with HA for 6 and 24 h. The irradiation induced a significant decrease in the gene expression of CD44 and toll-like receptor 2 6 h after irradiation. The expressions of other HA receptors, including toll-like receptor 4 and the receptor for HA-mediated motility, were not detected in either the control or UVB-irradiated or HA-treated HaCaT cells. UVB irradiation induced a significant decrease in the gene expression of HA synthase-2 and hyaluronidase-2 6 h after irradiation. The expressions of HA synthase-3 and hyaluronidase-3 were not significantly modulated by UV irradiation. Interestingly, HA treatment did not significantly modulate any of these effects. In contrast, HA significantly suppressed UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release including interleukin-6 and interleukin-8. Similarly, HA treatment reduced the UVB-mediated production of transforming growth factor β1. HA treatment also significantly reduced the UV irradiation-mediated release of soluble CD44 into the media. Finally, HA partially, but significantly, suppressed the UVB-induced decrease in cell viability. Data indicate that HA had significant protective effects for HaCaT cells against UVB irradiation.
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24
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Emmerson E, Hardman MJ. The role of estrogen deficiency in skin ageing and wound healing. Biogerontology 2011; 13:3-20. [PMID: 21369728 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-011-9322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The links between hormonal signalling and lifespan have been well documented in a range of model organisms. For example, in C. elegans or D. melanogaster, lifespan can be modulated by ablating germline cells, or manipulating reproductive history or pregnenolone signalling. In mammalian systems, however, hormonal contribution to longevity is less well understood. With increasing age human steroid hormone profiles change substantially, particularly following menopause in women. This article reviews recent links between steroid sex hormones and ageing, with special emphasis on the skin and wound repair. Estrogen, which substantially decreases with advancing age in both males and females, protects against multiple aspects of cellular ageing in rodent models, including oxidative damage, telomere shortening and cellular senescence. Estrogen's effects are particularly pronounced in the skin where cutaneous changes post-menopause are well documented, and can be partially reversed by classical Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Our research shows that while chronological ageing has clear effects on skin wound healing, falling estrogen levels are the principle mediator of these effects. Thus, both HRT and topical estrogen replacement substantially accelerate healing in elderly humans, but are associated with unwanted deleterious effects, particularly cancer promotion. In fact, much current research effort is being invested in exploring the therapeutic potential of estrogen signalling manipulation to reverse age-associated pathology in peripheral tissues. In the case of the skin the differential targeting of estrogen receptors to promote healing in aged subjects is a real therapeutic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Emmerson
- The University of Manchester, A V Hill Building, Manchester, UK
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25
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Rizwan M, Rodriguez-Blanco I, Harbottle A, Birch-Machin M, Watson R, Rhodes L. Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2010; 164:154-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Seité S, Fourtanier A, Moyal D, Young A. Photodamage to human skin by suberythemal exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation can be attenuated by sunscreens: a review. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:903-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10018.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Seité S, Christiaens F, Bredoux C, Compan D, Zucchi H, Lombard D, Fourtanier A, Young AR. A broad-spectrum sunscreen prevents cumulative damage from repeated exposure to sub-erythemal solar ultraviolet radiation representative of temperate latitudes. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24:219-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03332.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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28
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Gina Rojas I, Martínez A, Brethauer U, Grez P, Yefi R, Luza S, Marchesani FJ. Actinic cheilitis: Epithelial expression of COX-2 and its association with mast cell tryptase and PAR-2. Oral Oncol 2009; 45:284-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Seité S, Fourtanier AM. The benefit of daily photoprotection. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008; 58:S160-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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