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Butman JL, Thomson RJ, Geiger FM. Unanticipated Hydrophobicity Increases of Squalene and Human Skin Oil Films Upon Ozone Exposure. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9417-9423. [PMID: 36331532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The C-H and O-H oscillators on the surfaces of thin films of human-derived skin oil and squalene are probed under ambient conditions (300 K, 1 atm total pressure, 40% RH) using second-order vibrational spectroscopy and contact angle goniometry before and after exposure to ppb amounts of ozone. Skin oil and squalene are found to produce different vibrational sum frequency generation spectra in the C-H stretching region, while exposure to ozone results in surface spectra for both materials that is consistent with a loss of C-H oscillators. The measured contact angles show that the hydrophobicity of the films increases following exposure to ozone, consistent with the reduction in C═C···H2O ("πH") bonding interactions that is expected from C═C double bond loss due to ozonolysis and indicating that the polar functional groups formed point toward the films' interiors. Implications for heterogeneous indoor chemistry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana L Butman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Regan J Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Franz M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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Abstract
Recent observations show that many reactions are accelerated in microdroplets compared to bulk liquid and gas media. This acceleration has been shown to feature Gibbs free energy changes, ΔG, that are negative and so reaction enabling, compared to the reaction in bulk fluid when it is positive and so reaction blocking. Here, we argue how these ΔG changes are relatable to the crowding enforced by microdroplets and to scale invariance. It is argued that turbulent flow is present in microdroplets, which span meso and macroscales. That enables scale invariant methods to arrive at chemical potentials for the substances involved. G and ΔG can be computed from the difference between the whole microdroplet and the bulk medium, and also for individual chemical species in both cases, including separately the microdroplet’s surface film and interior, provided sufficiently fine resolution is available in the observations. Such results can be compared with results computed by quantum statistical mechanics using molecular spectroscopic data. This proposed research strategy therefore offers a path to test its validity in comparing traditional equilibrium quantum statistical thermodynamic tests of microdroplets with those based on scale invariant analysis of both their 2D surface and 3D interior fluid flows.
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3
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Hill D, Holliman PJ, Jones EW, McGettrick J, Worsley DA, Appleman M, Chatterjee P. Desorption of carboxylates and phosphonates from galvanized steel: Towards greener lubricants. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald Hill
- College of Engineering, Bay CampusSwansea University Swansea UK
| | | | - Eurig W. Jones
- College of Engineering, Bay CampusSwansea University Swansea UK
| | | | | | - Marco Appleman
- Tata Steel Research and Development Ijmuiden The Netherlands
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4
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Chapleski RC, Zhang Y, Troya D, Morris JR. Heterogeneous chemistry and reaction dynamics of the atmospheric oxidants, O3, NO3, and OH, on organic surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:3731-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00375j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous chemistry of the most important atmospheric oxidants, O3, NO3, and OH, plays a central role in regulating atmospheric gas concentrations, processing aerosols, and aging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yafen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Diego Troya
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
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5
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Adamkiewicz M, O’Hagan D, Hähner G. Bis(trifluoromethyl)methylene addition to vinyl-terminated SAMs: a gas-phase C-C bond-forming reaction on a surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:5422-5428. [PMID: 24806554 PMCID: PMC4031204 DOI: 10.1021/la5011727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on silicon oxide substrates were chemically modified by the addition of a bis(trifluoromethyl)methylene group in a rare gas-phase C-C bond-forming reaction to directly generate films carrying terminal CF3 groups. The vinyl-terminated films were treated with hexafluoroacetone azine (HFAA) for modification. The films were characterized with ellipsometry, contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In this study, we find that for optimized conditions clean reactions occur on a surface between SAMs with terminal olefins and HFAA, and the product is consistent with bis(trifluoromethyl)cyclopropanation formation after nitrogen extrusion.
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6
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Moussa SG, Stern AC, Raff JD, Dilbeck CW, Tobias DJ, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Experimental and theoretical studies of the interaction of gas phase nitric acid and water with a self-assembled monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:448-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42405c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Schill GP, Tolbert MA. Depositional Ice Nucleation on Monocarboxylic Acids: Effect of the O:C Ratio. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6817-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301772q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P. Schill
- Cooperative Institute for
Research in Environmental
Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Margaret A. Tolbert
- Cooperative Institute for
Research in Environmental
Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
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8
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Shu S, Morrison GC. Surface reaction rate and probability of ozone and alpha-terpineol on glass, polyvinyl chloride, and latex paint surfaces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:4285-4292. [PMID: 21517064 DOI: 10.1021/es200194e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ozone can react homogeneously with unsaturated organic compounds in buildings to generate undesirable products. However, these reactions can also occur on indoor surfaces, especially for low-volatility organics. Conversion rates of ozone with α-terpineol, a representative low-volatility compound, were quantified on surfaces that mimic indoor substrates. Rates were measured for α-terpineol adsorbed to beads of glass, polyvinylchloride (PVC), and dry latex paint, in a plug flow reactor. A newly defined second-order surface reaction rate coefficient, k(2), was derived from the flow reactor model. The value of k(2) ranged from 0.68 × 10(-14) cm(4)s(-1)molecule(-1) for α-terpineol adsorbed to PVC to 3.17 × 10(-14) cm(4)s(-1)molecule(-1) for glass, but was insensitive to relative humidity. Further, k(2) is only weakly influenced by the adsorbed mass but instead appears to be more strongly related to the interfacial activity α-terpineol. The minimum reaction probability ranged from 3.79 × 10(-6) for glass at 20% RH to 6.75 × 10(-5) for PVC at 50% RH. The combination of high equilibrium surface coverage and high reactivity for α-terpineol suggests that surface conversion rates are fast enough to compete with or even overwhelm other removal mechanisms in buildings such as gas-phase conversion and air exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shu
- Department of Civil, Agriculture, and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, USA
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9
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Knopf DA, Forrester SM, Slade JH. Heterogeneous oxidation kinetics of organic biomass burning aerosol surrogates by O3, NO2, N2O5, and NO3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:21050-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22478f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Moussa SG, McIntire TM, Szori M, Roeselová M, Tobias DJ, Grimm RL, Hemminger JC, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Experimental and theoretical characterization of adsorbed water on self-assembled monolayers: understanding the interaction of water with atmospherically relevant surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:2060-9. [PMID: 19173586 DOI: 10.1021/jp808710n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A combination of experiments and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations has been applied to elucidate the nature of water on organic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) before and after oxidation. SAMs mimic organics adsorbed on environmental urban surfaces. Water on clean or SAM-coated borosilicate glass surfaces was measured at equilibrium as a function of relative humidity (RH), using transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy at 1 atm and 22 +/- 1 degrees C. The SAMs included C18 and C8 alkanes, as well as the C8 terminal alkene. Oxidation of the terminal alkene SAM was carried out with either KMnO(4) solution or gaseous O(3). The FTIR data showed at least two distinct peaks due to water on these surfaces, one at approximately 3200 cm(-1), which dominates at low RH (20%), and one at approximately 3400 cm(-1) at high RH (80%), which is similar to that in bulk liquid water. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments showed that oxidation leads to more strongly adsorbed water. However, the amount of water in equilibrium with water vapor on the oxidized alkene was not significantly different from that on the unoxidized SAM, although there was a change in the relative intensities of the two contributing infrared peaks at 80% RH. MD simulations with hydrogen bond analysis suggest that molecules on the surface of small water clusters that dominate on SAM surfaces at low RH have fewer hydrogen bonds, while those in the interior of the clusters have three and four hydrogen bonds similar to bulk liquid water. Taken together, the experimental infrared data and MD simulations suggest a correlation between the relative intensities of the 3200 cm(-1)/3400 cm(-1) bands and the hydrogen-bonding patterns of the water on the surface and in the interior of clusters on the SAM surfaces. These studies suggest that water clusters will be present even on hydrophobic surfaces in the atmosphere and hence are available to participate in heterogeneous chemistry. In addition, oxidation of organic coatings on atmospheric particles or surfaces in the boundary layer may not lead to enhanced water uptake as is often assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar G Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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11
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Moussa SG, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Reaction of gas phase OH with unsaturated self-assembled monolayers and relevance to atmospheric organic oxidations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:9419-28. [PMID: 20532334 DOI: 10.1039/c000447b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanisms of the reaction of gas phase OH radicals with organics on surfaces are of fundamental chemical interest, as well as relevant to understanding the degradation of organics on tropospheric surfaces or when they are components of airborne particles. We report here studies of the oxidation of a terminal alkene self-assembled monolayer (7-octenyltrichlorosilane, C8= SAM) on a germanium attenuated total reflectance crystal by OH radicals at a concentration of 2.1 x 10(5) cm(-3) at 1 atm total pressure and 298 K in air. Loss of the reactant SAM and the formation of surface products were followed in real time using infrared spectroscopy. From the rate of loss of the C=C bond, a reaction probability within experimental error of unity was derived. The products formed on the surface include organic nitrates and carbonyl compounds, with yields of 10 +/- 4% and < or = 7 +/- 4%, respectively, and there is evidence for the formation of organic products with C-O bonds such as alcohols, ethers and/or alkyl peroxides and possibly peroxynitrates. The yield of organic nitrates relative to carbonyl compounds is higher than expected based on analogous gas phase mechanisms, suggesting that the branching ratio for the RO(2) + NO reaction is shifted to favor the formation of organic nitrates when the reaction occurs on a surface. Water uptake onto the surface was only slightly enhanced upon oxidation, suggesting that oxidation per se cannot be taken as a predictor of increased hydrophilicity of atmospheric organics. These experiments indicate that the mechanisms for the surface reactions are different from gas phase reactions, but the OH oxidation of surface species will still be a significant contributor to determining their lifetimes in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar G Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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12
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Net S, Gligorovski S, Pietri S, Wortham H. Photoenhanced degradation of veratraldehyde upon the heterogeneous ozone reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:7603-11. [DOI: 10.1039/b922957d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Stokes GY, Chen EH, Buchbinder AM, Paxton WF, Keeley A, Geiger FM. Atmospheric Heterogeneous Stereochemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13733-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja904206t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y. Stokes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Ehow H. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Avram M. Buchbinder
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Walter F. Paxton
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Alison Keeley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Franz M. Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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14
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Cowen S, Al-Abadleh HA. DRIFTS studies on the photodegradation of tannic acid as a model for HULIS in atmospheric aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7838-47. [PMID: 19727490 DOI: 10.1039/b905236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Humic like substances (HULIS) are important components of atmospheric aerosols, yet little is known about their photochemical transformation and the role of adsorbed water in this photochemistry. We report herein in situ and surface-sensitive spectroscopic studies on (1) the photodegradation of solid tannic acid, (2) structure of adsorbed water before and after photodegradation, and (3) the change in the hydrophilicity of tannic acid as a result of this photochemistry. Tannic acid (TA) was chosen as a synthetic proxy for HULIS because it has a defined molecular structure. Photochemical studies were conducted using diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) as a function of time (3 h), relative humidity (5-30%) and total irradiance (7, 20, 290 W m(-2) at 555 nm). Water adsorption isotherm measurements were recorded before and after photodegradation, which provided information on the structure of interfacial water and the thermodynamics of adsorption. The structure of water adsorbed on TA resembles that of water at the interface with polar organic solvents. Difference spectral data collected during irradiation shows loss features in the 1700-1000 cm(-1) range and growth in carbonyl features that are blue shifted relative to the starting material, suggesting oxidative photodegradation of TA and formation of aryl aldehydes. Under our experimental conditions, we observed no enhancement in water uptake after photodegradation relative to that on unirradiated samples. The implications of our results to the understanding of heterogeneous photochemistry of HULIS and the role of adsorbed water in these reactions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Cowen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Reactions at surfaces in the atmosphere: integration of experiments and theory as necessary (but not necessarily sufficient) for predicting the physical chemistry of aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7760-79. [DOI: 10.1039/b906540g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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King MD, Rennie AR, Thompson KC, Fisher FN, Dong CC, Thomas RK, Pfrang C, Hughes AV. Oxidation of oleic acid at the air–water interface and its potential effects on cloud critical supersaturations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7699-707. [DOI: 10.1039/b906517b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Chen ZM, Jie CY, Li S, Wang HL, Wang CX, Xu JR, Hua W. Heterogeneous reactions of methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone: Kinetics and mechanisms of uptake and ozonolysis on silicon dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Stokes GY, Buchbinder AM, Gibbs-Davis JM, Scheidt KA, Geiger FM. Heterogeneous Ozone Oxidation Reactions of 1-Pentene, Cyclopentene, Cyclohexene, and a Menthenol Derivative Studied by Sum Frequency Generation. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:11688-98. [DOI: 10.1021/jp803277s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y. Stokes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Avram M. Buchbinder
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Julianne M. Gibbs-Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Franz M. Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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19
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Vácha R, Cwiklik L, Řezáč J, Hobza P, Jungwirth P, Valsaraj K, Bahr S, Kempter V. Adsorption of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Ozone at Environmental Aqueous Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:4942-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp711813p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Vácha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Lukasz Cwiklik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Jan Řezáč
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Kalliat Valsaraj
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Stephan Bahr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
| | - Volker Kempter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7303, Institut für Physik and Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universität Clausthal, Leibnizstr. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, and Institut für Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D
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20
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Sanii B, Parikh AN. Patterning Fluid and Elastomeric Surfaces Using Short-Wavelength UV Radiation and Photogenerated Reactive Oxygen Species. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2008; 59:411-32. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Sanii
- Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
| | - Atul N. Parikh
- Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
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21
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Razgon A, Bergman RG, Sukenik CN. Ozonolysis-based route to the in situ formation of aldehyde-bearing self-assembled monolayer surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:2545-2552. [PMID: 18251560 DOI: 10.1021/la703120c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
While ozonolysis of a terminal carbon-carbon double bond to produce aldehydes is a well-established synthetic strategy for conventional solution chemistry, exposure of vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers to ozone has been reported to yield carboxylic acids. By using a cold solution of ozone in methanol and then adding a reducing agent to this solution, acid formation is minimized and near-quantitative aldehyde formation is achieved. The aldehyde-bearing surface is characterized by its physical and chemical properties and by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showing a characteristic aldehyde C-H peak at 2715 cm(-1) and carbonyl peak at 1729 cm(-1). The reactivity of the aldehyde-bearing surface is shown by its reaction with amines and amine derivatives to give surface-bound imines and by the reversible cycling between aldehyde and acetal. The acetal also provides a useful way to mask the aldehyde and store readily released aldehyde surface functionality for subsequent surface elaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Razgon
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanomaterials of the Institute for Nanotechnology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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22
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Jammoul A, Gligorovski S, George C, D'Anna B. Photosensitized Heterogeneous Chemistry of Ozone on Organic Films. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:1268-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp074348t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adla Jammoul
- Université de Lyon 1, Lyon; CNRS, UMR5256, IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne, F-69626, France
| | - Saso Gligorovski
- Université de Lyon 1, Lyon; CNRS, UMR5256, IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne, F-69626, France
| | - Christian George
- Université de Lyon 1, Lyon; CNRS, UMR5256, IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne, F-69626, France
| | - Barbara D'Anna
- Université de Lyon 1, Lyon; CNRS, UMR5256, IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne, F-69626, France
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23
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Voss LF, Bazerbashi MF, Beekman CP, Hadad CM, Allen HC. Oxidation of oleic acid at air/liquid interfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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McNeill VF, Wolfe GM, Thornton JA. The Oxidation of Oleate in Submicron Aqueous Salt Aerosols: Evidence of a Surface Process. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:1073-83. [PMID: 17243657 DOI: 10.1021/jp066233f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the oxidation of submicron aqueous aerosols consisting of internal mixtures of sodium oleate (oleic acid proxy), sodium dodecyl sulfate, and inorganic salts by O3, NO3/N2O5, and OH. Experiments were performed using an aerosol flow tube and a continuous flow photochemical reaction chamber coupled to a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS). The CIMS was fitted with a heated inlet for volatilization and detection of organics in the particle phase simultaneously with the gas phase. A differential mobility analyzer/condensation particle counter was used for determining aerosol size distributions. The oxidation of oleate by O3 follows Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics, with gammaO3 approximately 10(-5) calculated from the observed loss rate of oleate in the particle phase. The best fit Langmuir-Hinshelwood parameters are kImax=0.05+/-0.01 s-1 and KO3=4(+/-3)x10(-14) cm3molec-1. These parameters showed no dependence on the ionic composition of the aerosols or on the presence of alkyl surfactants. Several ozone oxidation products were observed to be particle-bound at ambient temperature, including nonanoic acid. We observed efficient processing of oleate by OH (0.1<or=gammaOH<or=1), and we suggest an upper bound of gammaNuOmicron3<10(-3). We conclude that for the aerosol compositions studied, oxidation occurs near the gas-aerosol interface and that the 1 e-fold lifetime of unsaturated organics at the aerosol surface is approximately 10 min due to O3 oxidation under atmospheric conditions. In the context of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, different underlying aerosol compositions may extend the lifetime of oleic acid at the surface by reducing KO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Faye McNeill
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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McIntire TM, Smalley SR, Newberg JT, Lea AS, Hemminger JC, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Substrate changes associated with the chemistry of self-assembled monolayers on silicon. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:5617-24. [PMID: 16768485 DOI: 10.1021/la060153l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are used in the semiconductor industry and, more recently, as proxies for organics adsorbed on airborne mineral dust and on buildings and construction materials. A number of methods have been used for removing the SAM from the substrate after reaction or use, particularly plasmas or piranha (H2SO4/H2O2) solution. However, when the substrates are reused to make new SAMs, the impact of the cleaning methods on the chemistry of subsequently formed SAMs on the surface is not known. Here we report atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared studies of changes in a silicon substrate upon repetitive deposition and removal of SAMs by these two methods. It is shown that a thicker layer of silicon oxide is formed, and the surface becomes irregular and roughened, particularly after the piranha treatment. This layer of silica impacts the structure of the SAMs attached to it and can serve as a reservoir for trace gases that adsorb on it, potentially contributing to the subsequent reactions of the SAM. The implications for the use of such surfaces as a proxy for reactions of organics on airborne dust particles and on structures in the boundary layer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M McIntire
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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Park J, Gomez AL, Walser ML, Lin A, Nizkorodov SA. Ozonolysis and photolysis of alkene-terminated self-assembled monolayers on quartz nanoparticles: implications for photochemical aging of organic aerosol particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:2506-12. [PMID: 16721435 DOI: 10.1039/b602704k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photolysis of alkene-terminated self assembled monolayers (SAM) deposited on Degussa SiO(2) nanoparticles is studied following oxidation of SAM with a gaseous ozone/oxygen mixture. Infrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy is used to observe gas-phase products generated during ozonolysis and subsequent photolysis of SAM in real time. Reactions taking place during ozonolysis transform alkene-terminated SAM into a photochemically active state capable of photolysis in the tropospheric actinic window (lambda > 295 nm). Formaldehyde and formic acid are the observed photolysis products. Photodissociation action spectra of oxidized SAM and the observed pattern of gas-phase products are consistent with the well-established Criegee mechanism of ozonolysis of terminal alkenes. There is strong evidence for the presence of secondary ozonides (1,3,4-trioxalones) and other peroxides on the oxidized SAM surface. The data imply that photolysis plays a role in atmospheric aging of primary and secondary organic aerosol particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2025, USA
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