1
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Shen Y, Chen F, Du Z, Zhang H, Liu J, Liu N. Cu(I) Complexes Catalyzed the Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4530-4537. [PMID: 38483270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed method for the dehydrogenation of various nitrogen-containing heterocycles to furnish quinolines and indoles has been developed. A range of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines underwent dehydrogenation by employing 2 mol % of copper complex Cat 3 as a catalyst and using O2 as an oxidant at 120 °C in 1,2-dichlorobenzene to afford the desired quinolines. The method enables the dehydrogenation of a variety of indolines in the presence of 2 mol % of copper complex Cat 2, using 10 mol % of TEMPO as an additive and O2 as an oxidant under room temperature in tetrahydrofuran to furnish indoles in high yields. Mechanistic studies suggested that the dehydrogenative activity is ascribed to the formation of a copper(II) active species from copper(I) complexes oxidized by O2, which was proved by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The copper-catalyzed dehydrogenation reaction proceeds via a superoxide radical anion (·O2-) as proved by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry. In situ infrared spectroscopy revealed that the dihydroquinoline intermediate was formed in the dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Zhihong Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Jichang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
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2
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Miyajima R, Ooe Y, Miura T, Ikoma T, Iwamoto H, Takizawa SY, Hasegawa E. Triarylamine-Substituted Benzimidazoliums as Electron Donor-Acceptor Dyad-Type Photocatalysts for Reductive Organic Transformations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10236-10248. [PMID: 37127911 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Triarylamine-substituted benzimidazoliums (BI+-PhNAr2), new electron donor-acceptor dyad molecules, were synthesized. Their photocatalytic properties for reductive organic transformations were explored using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, redox potential determinations, density functional theory calculations, transient absorption spectroscopy, and reduction reactions of selected substrates. The results show that irradiation of BI+-PhNAr2 promotes photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer to form a long-lived (∼300 μs) charge shifted state (BI•-PhN•+Ar2). In the pathway for photocatalysis of reduction reactions of substrates, BI•-PhN•+Ar2 is subsequently transformed to the neutral benzimidazolyl radical (BI•-PhNAr2) by single-electron transfer from the donor 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylbenzimidazoline (BIH-Ph) serving as a cooperative agent. Among the benzimidazoliums explored, the bromo-substituted analogue BI+-PhN(C6H4Br-p)2 in conjunction with BIH-Ph demonstrates the most consistent catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Miyajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuuki Ooe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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3
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Kim YH, Kim DB, Youn SW. Simple Tandem Olefin Isomerization/Intramolecular Hydroamination of Alkenyl Amines with Various Allylic Tethers. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11919-11924. [PMID: 36001369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient AgOTf-promoted tandem olefin isomerization/intramolecular hydroamination of 1,1-disubstituted alkenyl amines has been developed. This one-pot process represents a facile and attractive route for the synthesis of diverse 2-alkyl-substituted 1,3-X,N-heterocycles through chemo- and regioselective C(sp3)-N bond formation with atom economy. Advantages such as the operationally simple and practical procedure that uses a readily available catalyst under aerobic conditions, good to excellent chemical yields, the high functional group tolerance, the broad substrate scope, and high efficiency and selectivity are noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Dong Bin Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - So Won Youn
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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4
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Ni II - and Pd II -Promoted Double Geminal C(sp 3 )-H Bond Activation Providing Facile Access to NHC Pincer Complexes: Isolated Intermediates and Mechanism. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200507. [PMID: 35543286 PMCID: PMC9401054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of metal-promoted double geminal activation of C(sp3 )-H bonds of the N-CH2 -N moiety in an imidazole-type heterocycle, leading to nickel and palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes under mild conditions. Reaction of the new electron-rich diphosphine 1,3-bis((di-tert-butylphosphaneyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (1) with [PdCl2 (cod)] occurred in a stepwise fashion, first by single C-H bond activation yielding the alkyl pincer complex [PdCl(PCsp 3 H P)] (3) with two trans phosphane donors and a covalent Pd-Csp 3 bond. Activation of the C-H bond of the resulting α-methine Csp 3 H-M group occurred subsequently when 3 was treated with HCl to yield the NHC pincer complex [PdCl(PCNHC P)]Cl (2). Treatment of 1 with [NiBr2 (dme)] also afforded a NHC pincer complex, [NiBr(PCNHC P)]Br (6), but the reactions leading to the double geminal C-H bond activation of the N-CH2 -N group were too fast to allow identification or isolation of an intermediate analogous to 3. The determination of six crystal structures, the isolation of reaction intermediates and DFT calculations provided the basis for suggesting the mechanism of the stepwise transformation of a N-CH2 -N moiety in the N-CNHC -N unit of NHC pincer complexes and explain the key differences observed between the Pd and Ni chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuP. R. China) E-mail: s
- Laboratoire de Chimie de CoordinationInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie QuantiqueInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuP. R. China) E-mail: s
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de CoordinationInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
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5
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Wang YF, Zhang MT. Proton-Coupled Electron-Transfer Reduction of Dioxygen: The Importance of Precursor Complex Formation between Electron Donor and Proton Donor. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12459-12468. [PMID: 35776107 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reaction has drawn extensive attention for its widespread occurrence in chemistry, biology, and materials science. The mechanistic studies via model systems such as tyrosine and phenol oxidation have gradually deepened the understanding of PCET reactions, which was widely accepted and applied to bond activation and transformation. However, direct PCET activation of nonpolar bonds such as the C-H bond, O2, and N2 has yet to be explored. Herein, we report that the interaction between electron donor and proton donor could overcome the barrier of direct O2 activation via a concerted electron-proton transfer mechanism. This work provides a new strategy for developing direct PCET activation of nonpolar bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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6
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Tun SL, Mariappan SVS, Pigge FC. Imidazolidine Hydride Donors in Palladium-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydroarylation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8059-8070. [PMID: 35649131 PMCID: PMC9490851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Aldehyde-derived
imidazolidines participate as hydride donors in
intramolecular reductive Heck-type reactions. N,N′-Diphenylimidazolidines prepared from ortho-alkynyl benzaldehydes underwent regio- and stereoselective palladium-catalyzed
hydroarylation followed by formal 1,5-hydride transfer and reductive
elimination to afford substituted alkenes and imidazolium moieties,
the latter conveniently converted in situ to ring-opened benzanilides
to simplify product isolation. Internal alkynes were converted to
trisubstituted alkenes via a syn hydroarylation process,
while a terminal alkyne was converted to a cis alkene
via a formal trans hydroarylation reaction. Benzanilide
products could be converted to carboxylic acid derivatives under basic
conditions, resulting in the net conversion of alkynyl aldehydes to
alkenyl carboxylic acids. A styrene derivative with an attached N,N′-dimethylbenzimidazoline hydride
donor was also found to undergo an analogous hydroarylation/benzimidazoline
oxidation to give a diarylethane product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soe L Tun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - S V Santhana Mariappan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.,Central NMR Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - F Christopher Pigge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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7
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Kim YH, Kim DB, Jang SS, Youn SW. Pd-Catalyzed Regioselective Intramolecular Allylic C-H Amination of 1,1-Disubstituted Alkenyl Amines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7574-7580. [PMID: 35549260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pd-Catalyzed intramolecular allylic C-H amination of 1,1-disubstituted alkenyl amines with various allylic tethers (X = O, NMs, CH2) was developed. This process allows for the divergent synthesis of 1,3-X,N-heterocycles through a regioselective allylic C-H cleavage and π-allylpalladium formation. Particularly noteworthy is the use of substrates containing a labile allylic moiety and new simple catalytic systems capable of promoting highly chemo- and regioselective allylic C-H amination by overcoming significant challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Dong Bin Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Su San Jang
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - So Won Youn
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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8
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Shen GB, Qian BC, Fu YH, Zhu XQ. Thermodynamics of the elementary steps of organic hydride chemistry determined in acetonitrile and their applications. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01310j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the thermodynamics of the elementary step of 421 organic hydrides and unsaturated compounds releasing or accepting hydride or hydrogen determined in acetonitrile as well as their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Chen Qian
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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9
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Das S, Mondal R, Chakraborty G, Guin AK, Das A, Paul ND. Zinc Stabilized Azo-anion Radical in Dehydrogenative Synthesis of N-Heterocycles. An Exclusively Ligand Centered Redox Controlled Approach. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siuli Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Rakesh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Gargi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Amit Kumar Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Abhishek Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nanda D. Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
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10
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Hasegawa E, Nakamura S, Oomori K, Tanaka T, Iwamoto H, Wakamatsu K. Competitive Desulfonylative Reduction and Oxidation of α-Sulfonylketones Promoted by Photoinduced Electron Transfer with 2-Hydroxyaryl-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolines under Air. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2556-2569. [PMID: 33492136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Desulfonylation reactions of α-sulfonylketones promoted by photoinduced electron transfer with 2-hydroxyarylbenzimidazolines (BIH-ArOH) were investigated. Under aerobic conditions, photoexcited 2-hydroxynaphthylbenzimidazoline (BIH-NapOH) promotes competitive reduction (forming alkylketones) and oxidation (producing α-hydroxyketones) of sulfonylketones through pathways involving the intermediacy of α-ketoalkyl radicals. The results of an examination of the effects of solvents, radical trapping reagents, substituents of sulfonylketones, and a variety of hydroxyaryl- and aryl-benzimidazolines (BIH-ArOH and BIH-Ar) suggest that the oxidation products are produced by dissociation of α-ketoalkyl radicals from the initially formed solvent-caged radical ion pairs followed by reaction with molecular oxygen. In addition, the observations indicate that the reduction products are generated by proton or hydrogen atom transfer in solvent-caged radical ion pairs derived from benzimidazolines and sulfonylketones. The results also suggest that arylsulfinate anions arising by carbon-sulfur bond cleavage of sulfonylketone radical anions act as reductants in the oxidation pathway to convert initially formed α-hydroperoxyketones to α-hydroxyketones. Finally, density functional theory calculations were performed to explore the structures and properties of radical ions of sulfonylketones as well as BIH-NapOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shyota Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kazuki Oomori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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11
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Tang J, Dong W, Chen F, Deng L, Xian M. Rhodium catalysts with cofactor mimics for the biomimetic reduction of CN bonds. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bio-inspired reduction of CN bonds was successfully performed using rhodium catalysts containing cofactor mimics. The intramolecular cooperation between rhodium and cofactor mimics enabled the transformation with good selectivity. A plausible mechanism was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P.R. China
| | - Fushan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University of Sciences & Technology
- Qingdao
- P.R. China
| | - Li Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P.R. China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P.R. China
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12
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Kannan M, Barteja P, Devi P, Muthaiah S. Acceptorless dehydrogenation of amines and alcohols using simple ruthenium chloride. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Hasegawa E, Yoshioka N, Tanaka T, Nakaminato T, Oomori K, Ikoma T, Iwamoto H, Wakamatsu K. Sterically Regulated α-Oxygenation of α-Bromocarbonyl Compounds Promoted Using 2-Aryl-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolines and Air. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7651-7665. [PMID: 32280909 PMCID: PMC7144160 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A debrominative oxygenation protocol has been developed for the conversion of α-bromo-α,α-dialkyl-substituted carbonyl compounds to their corresponding α-hydroxy analogues. For example, stirring a solution of α-bromoisobutyrophenone and 2-aryl-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline (BIH-Ar) at room temperature under an air atmosphere leads to the efficient formation of α-hydroperoxyisobutyrophenone, which can be converted to α-hydroxyisobutyrophenone using Me2S reduction. In contrast, reaction of α-bromoacetophenone under the same conditions produces the α-hydrogenated product acetophenone. α-Keto-alkyl and benzimidazolyl radicals (BI•-Ar), generated via dissociative electron transfer from BIH-Ar to α-bromoketone substrates, serve as key intermediates in the oxidation and reduction processes. The dramatic switch from hydrogenation to oxygenation is attributed to a steric effect of α-alkyl substituents, which causes hydrogen atom abstraction from sterically crowded BIH-Ar to α-keto-alkyl radicals to be slow and enable preferential reaction with molecular oxygen. Generation of the α-keto-alkyl radical and BI•-Ar intermediates in these process and their sterically governed hydrogen atom transfer reactions are supported by results arising from DFT calculations. Moreover, an electron spin resonance study showed that visible light irradiation of phenyl benzimidazoline (BIH-Ph) in the presence of molecular oxygen produces the benzimidazolyl radical (BI•-Ph). The addition of thiophenol into the reaction of α-bromoisobutyrophenone and BIH-Ph predominantly produced α-phenylthiolated isobutyrophenone even if a high concentration of molecular oxygen exists. Furthermore, the developed protocol was applied to other α-bromo-α,α-dialkylated carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- E-mail:
| | - Naoki Yoshioka
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Tanaka
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Taisei Nakaminato
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kazuki Oomori
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata
University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama
University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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14
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Kannan M, Muthaiah S. Extending the Chemistry of Hexamethylenetetramine in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Amine Oxidation. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Kannan
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
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15
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Fujigaya T. Development of Thermoelectric Conversion Materials Using Carbon Nanotube Sheets. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyohiko Fujigaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- WPI-I2CNER, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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16
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Lim CH, Ilic S, Alherz A, Worrell BT, Bacon SS, Hynes JT, Glusac KD, Musgrave CB. Benzimidazoles as Metal-Free and Recyclable Hydrides for CO 2 Reduction to Formate. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:272-280. [PMID: 30477302 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel metal-free chemical reduction of CO2 by a recyclable benzimidazole-based organo-hydride, whose choice was guided by quantum chemical calculations. Notably, benzimidazole-based hydride donors rival the hydride-donating abilities of noble-metal-based hydrides such as [Ru(tpy)(bpy)H]+ and [Pt(depe)2H]+. Chemical CO2 reduction to the formate anion (HCOO-) was carried out in the absence of biological enzymes, a sacrificial Lewis acid, or a base to activate the substrate or reductant. 13CO2 experiments confirmed the formation of H13COO- by CO2 reduction with the formate product characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy and ESI-MS. The highest formate yield of 66% was obtained in the presence of potassium tetrafluoroborate under mild conditions. The likely role of exogenous salt additives in this reaction is to stabilize and shift the equilibrium toward the ionic products. After CO2 reduction, the benzimidazole-based hydride donor was quantitatively oxidized to its aromatic benzimidazolium cation, establishing its recyclability. In addition, we electrochemically reduced the benzimidazolium cation to its organo-hydride form in quantitative yield, demonstrating its potential for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. These results serve as a proof of concept for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 by sustainable, recyclable, and metal-free organo-hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chern-Hooi Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Stefan Ilic
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Abdulaziz Alherz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Brady T Worrell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Samuel S Bacon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - James T Hynes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States.,PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, PSL Research University , 75005 Paris , France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PASTEUR , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Ksenija D Glusac
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Charles B Musgrave
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States.,Materials Science and Engineering Program , University of Colorado , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States.,National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
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17
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Salehzadeh S, Maleki F. Where and How Does an Organic Molecule Having a C-X Bond Release X - Anion Like an Inorganic Compound? A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7598-7613. [PMID: 30200765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this research, at first, a comparative DFT study on hydride or fluoride release from a number of known orthoamides, their fluorine derivative having a central C-F bond and some simple organic compounds, is reported. The obtained data show that orthoamides release hydride or fluoride anions much easier than do other known organic compounds studied here. Interestingly, three simulated orthoamides having a central C-F bond, spontaneously and like an inorganic compound, release fluoride anion upon dissolving in polar solvents. The calculations confirmed that hyperconjugation interactions in the initial orthoamides facilitate the anion release from these compounds. However, the data clearly show that the proper overlap of an empty p orbital of the central carbon atom with adjacent lone-pair orbitals of nitrogen atoms ( lpN → lp*C or, in other words, the pπ-pπ interaction) in the resulting carbocations is a more important factor that must be taken into consideration when designing the hydride, fluoride, or other anion releasing agents. In addition, for the first time, a mechanism of hydride and fluoride removal from the orthoamides either through their reaction with BH3 and BF3 molecules, respectively, or upon their protonation is provided. To continue and for generalization of results to other groups attached to the central carbon atom of orthoamides, the reactions of H+ with orthoamides having the CH3, OH, CN, NH2, or C5H5 substituents were studied. The results showed that in all cases and in both gas and solution phases the above substituents easily leave the carbon atom as an anion and bond to H+. Thus, we have to conclude that upon the reaction of orthoamides with usual Lewis acids, many types of substituents on their central carbon atom can leave these compounds as anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Salehzadeh
- Department of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 65174 , Iran
| | - Farahnaz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 65174 , Iran
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18
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Hasegawa E, Nagakura Y, Izumiya N, Matsumoto K, Tanaka T, Miura T, Ikoma T, Iwamoto H, Wakamatsu K. Visible Light and Hydroxynaphthylbenzimidazoline Promoted Transition-Metal-Catalyst-Free Desulfonylation of N-Sulfonylamides and N-Sulfonylamines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10813-10825. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuto Nagakura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihiro Izumiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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19
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Yang JD, Chen BL, Zhu XQ. New Insight into the Mechanism of NADH Model Oxidation by Metal Ions in Nonalkaline Media. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6888-6898. [PMID: 29886742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, it has been controversial that the three-step (e-H+-e) or two-step (e-H•) mechanism was used for the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide coenzyme (NADH) and its models by metal ions in nonalkaline media. The latter mechanism has been accepted by the majority of researchers. In this work, 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) and 1-phenyl-l,4-dihydronicotinamide are used as NADH models and ferrocenium (Fc+) metal ion as an electron acceptor. The kinetics for oxidation of the NADH models by Fc+ in pure acetonitrile was monitored by using UV-vis absorption and a quadratic relationship between kobs and the concentrations of NADH models was found for the first time. The rate expression of the reactions developed according to the three-step mechanism is quite consistent with the quadratic curves. The rate constants, thermodynamic driving forces, and kinetic isotope effects of each elementary step for the reactions were estimated. All results supported the three-step mechanism. The intrinsic kinetic barriers of the proton transfer from BNAH+• to BNAH and the hydrogen-atom transfer from BNAH+• to BNAH+• were estimated by using Zhu equation; the results showed that the former is 11.8 kcal/mol and the latter is larger than 24.3 kcal/mol. It is the large intrinsic kinetic barrier of the hydrogen-atom transfer that makes the reactions choose the three-step rather than two-step mechanism. Further investigation of the factors affecting the intrinsic kinetic barrier of chemical reactions indicated that the large intrinsic kinetic barrier of the hydrogen-atom transfer originated from the repulsion of positive charges between BNAH+• and BNAH+•. The greatest contribution of this work is the discovery of the quadratic dependence of kobs on the concentrations of the NADH models, which is inconsistent with the conventional viewpoint of the "two-step mechanism" on the oxidation of NADH and its models by metal ions in the nonalkaline media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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20
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Feng X, Yang T, He X, Yu B, Hu CW. One-pot synthesis of trifluoromethylated benzimidazolines catalyzed by phosphotungstic acid with a low catalyst loading. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Xing He
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Chang-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081 P. R. China
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21
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Li Y, Zhu XQ. Theoretical Prediction of Activation Free Energies of Various Hydride Self-Exchange Reactions in Acetonitrile at 298 K. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:872-885. [PMID: 31457934 PMCID: PMC6641257 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydride transfer reactions are very important chemical reactions in organic chemistry. It has been a chemist's dream to predict the rate constants of hydride transfer reactions by only using the physical parameters of the reactants. To realize this dream, we have developed a kinetic equation (Zhu equation) in our previous papers to predict the activation free energies of various chemical reactions using the activation free energies of the corresponding self-exchange reactions and the related bond dissociation energies or redox potentials of the reactants. Because the activation free energy of the hydride self-exchange reaction is difficult to measure using the experimental method, in this study, the activation free energies of 159 hydride self-exchange reactions in acetonitrile at 298 K were systematically computed using an accurately benchmarked density functional theory method with a precision of 1.1 kcal mol-1. The results show that the range of the activation free energies of the 159 hydride self-exchange reactions is from 16.1 to 46.6 kcal mol-1. The activation free energies of 25 122 hydride transfer reactions in acetonitrile at 298 K can be estimated using the activation free energies of the 159 hydride self-exchange reactions and the corresponding heterolytic bond dissociation free energies of the reactants. The effects of the heteroatom, substituent, and aromaticity on the activation free energies of hydride self-exchange reactions were examined. The results show that heteroatoms, substituents at the reaction center, and the aromaticity of reactants, all have remarkable effects on the activation free energy of hydride self-exchange reactions. All kinetic information provided in this work on the hydride self-exchange reactions in acetonitrile at 298 K should be very useful in chemical labs and chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of
Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of
Chemistry, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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22
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Hatazawa M, Yoshie N, Seino H. Reversible Hydride Transfer to N,N'-Diarylimidazolinium Cations from Hydrogen Catalyzed by Transition Metal Complexes Mimicking the Reaction of [Fe]-Hydrogenase. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8087-8099. [PMID: 28654277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[Fe]-hydrogenase is a key enzyme involved in methanogenesis and facilitates reversible hydride transfer from H2 to N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin (CH-H4MPT+). In this study, a reaction system was developed to model the enzymatic function of [Fe]-hydrogenase by using N,N'-diphenylimidazolinium cation (1+) as a structurally related alternative to CH-H4MPT+. In connection with the enzymatic mechanism via heterolytic cleavage of H2 at the single metal active site, several transition metal complex catalysts capable of such activation were utilized in the model system. Reduction of 1[BF4] to N,N'-diphenylimidazolidine (2) was achieved under 1 atm H2 at ambient temperature in the presence of an equimolar amount of NEt3 as a proton acceptor. The proposed catalytic pathways involved the generation of active hydride complexes and subsequent intermolecular hydride transfer to 1+. The reverse reaction was accomplished by treatment of 2 with HNMe2Ph+ as the proton source, where [(η5-C5Me5)Ir{(p-MeC6H4SO2)NCHPhCHPhNH}] was found to catalyze the formation of 1+ and H2 with high efficiency. These results are consistent with the fact that use of 2,6-lutidine in the forward reaction or 2,6-lutidinium in the reverse reaction resulted in incomplete conversion. By combining these reactions using the above Ir amido catalyst, the reversible hydride transfer interconverting 1+/H2 and 2/H+ was performed successfully. This system demonstrated the hydride-accepting and hydride-donating modes of biologically relevant N-heterocycles coupled with proton concentration. The influence of substituents on the forward and reverse reactivities was examined for the derivatives of 1+ and 2 bearing one para-substituted N-phenyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hatazawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo , Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshie
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo , Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Hidetake Seino
- Faculty of Education and Human Studies, Akita University , Tegata-Gakuenmachi, Akita 010-8502, Japan
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23
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Preuster P, Alekseev A, Wasserscheid P. Hydrogen Storage Technologies for Future Energy Systems. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 8:445-471. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060816-101334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Future energy systems will be determined by the increasing relevance of solar and wind energy. Crude oil and gas prices are expected to increase in the long run, and penalties for CO2 emissions will become a relevant economic factor. Solar- and wind-powered electricity will become significantly cheaper, such that hydrogen produced from electrolysis will be competitively priced against hydrogen manufactured from natural gas. However, to handle the unsteadiness of system input from fluctuating energy sources, energy storage technologies that cover the full scale of power (in megawatts) and energy storage amounts (in megawatt hours) are required. Hydrogen, in particular, is a promising secondary energy vector for storing, transporting, and distributing large and very large amounts of energy at the gigawatt-hour and terawatt-hour scales. However, we also discuss energy storage at the 120–200-kWh scale, for example, for onboard hydrogen storage in fuel cell vehicles using compressed hydrogen storage. This article focuses on the characteristics and development potential of hydrogen storage technologies in light of such a changing energy system and its related challenges. Technological factors that influence the dynamics, flexibility, and operating costs of unsteady operation are therefore highlighted in particular. Moreover, the potential for using renewable hydrogen in the mobility sector, industrial production, and the heat market is discussed, as this potential may determine to a significant extent the future economic value of hydrogen storage technology as it applies to other industries. This evaluation elucidates known and well-established options for hydrogen storage and may guide the development and direction of newer, less developed technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Preuster
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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24
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Visible light-promoted reductive transformations of various organic substances by using hydroxyaryl-substituted benzimidazolines and bases. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Plikhta A, Pöthig A, Herdtweck E, Rieger B. Toward New Organometallic Architectures: Synthesis of Carbene-Centered Rhodium and Palladium Bisphosphine Complexes. Stability and Reactivity of [PCBImPRh(L)][PF6] Pincers. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9517-28. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Plikhta
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Eberhardt Herdtweck
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
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26
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Aryl-substituted dimethylbenzimidazolines as effective reductants of photoinduced electron transfer reactions. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Hasegawa E, Arai S, Tayama E, Iwamoto H. Metal-free, one-pot, sequential protocol for transforming α,β-epoxy ketones to β-hydroxy ketones and α-methylene ketones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1593-600. [PMID: 25562397 DOI: 10.1021/jo5025249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A new sequential, one-pot protocol for transforming 1,3-disubstituted 2,3-epoxy ketones to β-hydroxy ketones and α-methylene ketones has been developed. Reaction of epoxy ketones with boron trifluoride etherate (BF3·OEt2) generates the cationic intermediates by regioselective epoxide ring opening and an acyl shift. Then, a treatment of these cations with 2-aryl-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolines (DMBIH) results in formation of 1,2-disubstituted 3-hydroxy ketones. DMBIH serves as a hydride donor in the second step of this process. Finally, the β-hydroxy ketones can be converted to 1,2-disubstituted 2-methylene ketones by treatment with methanesulfonic acid or a combination of methanesulfonyl chloride and triethylamine. Importantly, the sequential steps involved in formation of the α-methylene ketone products can be carried out in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University , Ikarashi-2 8050, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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28
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Khanna S, Kaur D, Kaur R. The saturated five-membered heterocyclic molecules as organic hydride donors: a computational study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Khanna
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Damanjit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
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29
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Hasegawa E, Tateyama M, Hoshi T, Ohta T, Tayama E, Iwamoto H, Takizawa SY, Murata S. A photo-reagent system of benzimidazoline and Ru(bpy)3Cl2 to promote hexenyl radical cyclization and Dowd–Beckwith ring-expansion of α-halomethyl-substituted benzocyclic 1-alkanones. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Igarashi T, Tayama E, Iwamoto H, Hasegawa E. Carbon–carbon bond formation via benzoyl umpolung attained by photoinduced electron-transfer with benzimidazolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Zhu XQ, Deng FH, Yang JD, Li XT, Chen Q, Lei NP, Meng FK, Zhao XP, Han SH, Hao EJ, Mu YY. A classical but new kinetic equation for hydride transfer reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6071-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40831k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Muthaiah S, Hong SH. Acceptorless and Base-Free Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Amines using Ruthenium-Hydride Complexes. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Prakash GKS, Mathew T, Panja C, Kulkarni A, Olah GA, Harmer MA. Tetraflic Acid (1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethanesulfonic Acid, HC2F4SO3H) and Gallium Tetraflate as Effective Catalysts in Organic Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Thomas OD, Soo KJWY, Peckham TJ, Kulkarni MP, Holdcroft S. A stable hydroxide-conducting polymer. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10753-6. [PMID: 22712732 DOI: 10.1021/ja303067t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stable hydroxide-conducting membrane based on benzimidazolium hydroxide and its analogous anion-exchange polymer is reported for the first time. The molecular and polymeric analogues possess unprecedented hydroxide stability in neutral and KOH solutions as the soluble benzimidazolium salt, made possible by steric crowding around the benzimidazolium C2 position, which is usually susceptible to nucleophilic attack by OH(-). The polymers were cast and insolubilized for the purpose of forming membranes by blending with a poly(benzimidazole) followed by hydroxide-activated electrostatic interactions. The resulting membranes possess ionic (OH(-)) conductivities of up to 13.2 mS cm(-1) and represent a new class of anion-exchange polymers and membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen D Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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35
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Prakash GKS, Mathew T, Olah GA. Gallium(III) triflate: an efficient and a sustainable Lewis acid catalyst for organic synthetic transformations. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:565-77. [PMID: 22148160 DOI: 10.1021/ar2002039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Green chemical processes play a crucial role in sustainable development, and efficient recyclable catalysts that can be conveniently applied in various chemical reactions are the key elements for the development of sustainable synthetic processes. Many organic transformations rely on Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysts, and such molecules have been widely studied in organic synthesis. Over the years, researchers have looked for Lewis acid catalysts that provide high selectivity and high turnover frequency but are also stable in aqueous media and recoverable. Since the first preparation of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid by Hazeldine (triflic acid, HOTf), researchers have synthesized and used numerous metal triflates in a variety of organic reactions. Even though the rare earth metal triflates have played a major role in these studies, the majority of rare earth triflates lack one or more of the primary properties of sustainable catalysts: low cost and easy availability of the metals, easy preparation of triflates, aqueous/thermal stability, recyclability, and catalytic efficiency. In this Account, we describe the synthetic applications of Ga(OTf)(3) and its advantages over similar catalysts. Ga(OTf)(3) can be conveniently prepared from gallium metal or gallium chloride in excess of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid) under reflux. Among many Lewis acid catalysts recently studied, Ga(OTf)(3) is water tolerant and soluble and requires very low catalyst loading to drive various acid-catalyzed reactions including Friedel-Crafts alkylation, hydroxyalkylation, and acylation selectively and efficiently. In many reactions Ga(OTf)(3) demonstrated high chemo- and regioselectivity, high yields, excellent stability, and recyclability. We successfully synthesized many biologically active heterocycles and their fluoroanalogs under mild conditions. Many challenging reactions such as the ketonic Strecker reactions proceed efficiently via Ga(OTf)(3) catalysis. Because it is stable in water, this catalyst provides the opportunity to study substrates and develop new synthetic protocols in aqueous media, significantly reducing the production of hazardous waste from organic solvents and toxic catalyst systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. K. Surya Prakash
- Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Thomas Mathew
- Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - George A. Olah
- Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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Poyatos M, Prades A, Gonell S, Gusev DG, Peris E. Imidazolidines as hydride sources for the formation of late transition-metal monohydrides. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc01017h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Shi J, Huang XY, Wang HJ, Fu Y. Hydride Dissociation Energies of Six-Membered Heterocyclic Organic Hydrides Predicted by ONIOM-G4Method. J Chem Inf Model 2011; 52:63-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ci2001567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Department of
Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiong-Yi Huang
- Department of
Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hua-Jing Wang
- Department of
Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of
Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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38
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Li H, Jiang J, Lu G, Huang F, Wang ZX. On the “Reverse Gear”Mechanism of the Reversible Dehydrogenation/Hydrogenation of a Nitrogen Heterocycle Catalyzed by a Cp*Ir Complex: A Computational Study. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200222j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Benhamou L, Chardon E, Lavigne G, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, César V. Synthetic routes to N-heterocyclic carbene precursors. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2705-33. [PMID: 21235210 DOI: 10.1021/cr100328e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Benhamou
- LCC (Laboratoire de chimie de coordination), CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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40
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Wang Z, Belli J, Jensen CM. Homogeneous dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers catalyzed by an iridium PCP complex. Faraday Discuss 2011; 151:297-305; discussion 385-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00002k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Alajarin M, Bonillo B, Sanchez-Andrada P, Vidal A. Tandem 1,5-Hydride Shift/1,5-S,N-Cyclization with Ethylene Extrusion of 1,3-Oxathiolane-Substituted Ketenimines and Carbodiimides. An Experimental and Computational Study. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3737-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100502p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Baltasar Bonillo
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchez-Andrada
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Angel Vidal
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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42
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Zhu XQ, Tan Y, Cao CT. Thermodynamic Diagnosis of the Properties and Mechanism of Dihydropyridine-Type Compounds as Hydride Source in Acetonitrile with “Molecule ID Card”. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:2058-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911137p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chao-Tun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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43
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Zhao H, Oyama S, Naeemi E. Hydrogen storage using heterocyclic compounds: The hydrogenation of 2-methylthiophene. Catal Today 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2009.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Alajarin M, Bonillo B, Ortin MM, Sanchez-Andrada P, Vidal A, Orenes RA. Domino reactions initiated by intramolecular hydride transfers from tri(di)arylmethane fragments to ketenimine and carbodiimide functions. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4690-700. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00193g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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New route for the synthesis of benzimidazoles by a one-pot multistep process with mono and bifunctional solid catalysts. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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Kubas GJ. Hydrogen activation on organometallic complexes and H2 production, utilization, and storage for future energy. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Wang Z, Tonks I, Belli J, Jensen CM. Dehydrogenation of N-ethyl perhydrocarbazole catalyzed by PCP pincer iridium complexes: Evaluation of a homogenous hydrogen storage system. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Yamaguchi R, Ikeda C, Takahashi Y, Fujita KI. Homogeneous Catalytic System for Reversible Dehydrogenation−Hydrogenation Reactions of Nitrogen Heterocycles with Reversible Interconversion of Catalytic Species. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:8410-2. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9022623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies and Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Chikako Ikeda
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies and Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takahashi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies and Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Fujita
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies and Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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49
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Wang DW, Wang XB, Wang DS, Lu SM, Zhou YG, Li YX. Highly Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of 2-Benzylquinolines and 2-Functionalized and 2,3-Disubstituted Quinolines. J Org Chem 2009; 74:2780-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900073z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Duo-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng-Mei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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50
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Hamilton CW, Baker RT, Staubitz A, Manners I. B–N compounds for chemical hydrogenstorage. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:279-93. [PMID: 19088978 DOI: 10.1039/b800312m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 647] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles W Hamilton
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Inorganic, Isotope, and Actinide Chemistry, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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