1
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Mondal A, Price CG, Tang J, Layfield RA. Targeted Synthesis of End-On Dinitrogen-Bridged Lanthanide Metallocenes and Their Reactivity as Divalent Synthons. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20121-20131. [PMID: 37656516 PMCID: PMC10510326 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
High-yield syntheses of the lanthanide dinitrogen complexes [(Cp2tttM)2(μ-1,2-N2)] (1M, M = Gd, Tb, Dy; Cpttt = 1,2,4-C5tBu3H2), in which the [N2]2- ligands solely adopt the rare end-on or 1,2-bridging mode, are reported. The bulk of the tert-butyl substituents and the smaller radii of gadolinium, terbium, and dysprosium preclude formation of the side-on dinitrogen bonding mode on steric grounds. Elongation of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond relative to N2 is observed in 1M, and their Raman spectra show a major absorption consistent with N═N double bonds. Computational analysis of 1Gd identifies that the local symmetry of the metallocene units lifts the degeneracy of two 5dπ orbitals, leading to differing overlap with the π* orbitals of [N2]2-, a consequence of which is that the dinitrogen ligand occupies a singlet ground state. Magnetic measurements reveal antiferromagnetic exchange in 1M and single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in 1Dy. Ab initio calculations show that the magnetic easy axis in the ground doublets of 1Tb and 1Dy align with the {M-N═N-M} connectivity, in contrast to the usual scenario in dysprosium metallocene SMMs, where the axis passes through the cyclopentadienyl ligands. The [N2]2- ligands in 1M allow these compounds to be regarded as two-electron reducing agents, serving as synthons for divalent gadolinium, terbium, and dysprosium. Proof of principle for this concept is obtained in the reactions of 1M with 2,2'-bipyridyl (bipy) to give [Cp2tttM(κ2-bipy)] (2M, M = Gd, Tb, Dy), in which the lanthanide is ligated by a bipy radical anion, with strong metal-ligand direct exchange coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mondal
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
| | - Christopher G.
T. Price
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State
Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Richard A. Layfield
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
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2
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Stennett CR, Nguyen JQ, Ziller JW, Evans WJ. Accessing Lanthanide Metallocene Two-Electron Reduction Chemistry Using 2,2′-Bipyridine. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cary R. Stennett
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph Q. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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3
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Mahieu N, Piątkowski J, Simler T, Nocton G. Back to the future of organolanthanide chemistry. Chem Sci 2023; 14:443-457. [PMID: 36741512 PMCID: PMC9848160 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05976b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
At the dawn of the development of structural organometallic chemistry, soon after the discovery of ferrocene, the description of the LnCp3 complexes, featuring large and mostly trivalent lanthanide ions, was rather original and sparked curiosity. Yet, the interest in these new architectures rapidly dwindled due to the electrostatic nature of the bonding between π-aromatic ligands and 4f-elements. Almost 70 years later, it is interesting to focus on how the discipline has evolved in various directions with the reports of multiple catalytic reactivities, remarkable potential in small molecule activation, and the development of rich redox chemistry. Aside from chemical reactivity, a better understanding of their singular electronic nature - not precisely as simplistic as anticipated - has been crucial for developing tailored compounds with adapted magnetic anisotropy or high fluorescence properties that have witnessed significant popularity in recent years. Future developments shall greatly benefit from the detailed reactivity, structural and physical chemistry studies, particularly in photochemistry, electro- or photoelectrocatalysis of inert small molecules, and manipulating the spins' coherence in quantum technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Mahieu
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Jakub Piątkowski
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
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4
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Xu J, Liu X, Liu X, Yan T, Wan H, Cao Z, Reimer JA. Deconvolution of metal apportionment in bulk metal-organic frameworks. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd5503. [PMID: 36332019 PMCID: PMC9635837 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a general route to decipher the apportionment of metal ions in bulk metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We demonstrate this route in Mg1-xNix-MOF-74, where we uncover all eight possible atomic-scale Mg/Ni arrangements through identification and quantification of the distinct chemical environments of 13C-labeled carboxylates as a function of the Ni content. Here, we use magnetic susceptibility, bond pathway, and density functional theory calculations to identify local metal bonding configurations. The results refute the notion of random apportionment from solution synthesis; rather, we reveal that only two of eight Mg/Ni arrangements are preferred in the Ni-incorporated MOFs. These preferred structural arrangements manifest themselves in macroscopic adsorption phenomena as illustrated by CO/CO2 breakthrough curves. We envision that this nondestructive methodology can be further applied to analyze bulk assembly of other mixed-metal MOFs, greatly extending the knowledge on structure-property relationships of MOFs and their derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xingwu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hongliu Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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5
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Tricoire M, Mahieu N, Simler T, Nocton G. Intermediate Valence States in Lanthanide Compounds. Chemistry 2021; 27:6860-6879. [PMID: 33340383 PMCID: PMC7610675 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Over more than 50 years, intermediate valence states in lanthanide compounds have often resulted in unexpected or puzzling spectroscopic and magnetic properties. Such experimental singularities could not be rationalised until new theoretical models involving multiconfigurational electronic ground states were established. In this minireview, the different singularities that have been observed among lanthanide complexes are highlighted, the models used to rationalise them are detailed and how such electronic effects may be adjusted depending on energy and symmetry considerations is considered. Understanding and tuning the ground-state multiconfigurational behaviour in lanthanide complexes may open new doors to modular and unusual reactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tricoire
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, cedex, France
| | - Nolwenn Mahieu
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, cedex, France
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, cedex, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, cedex, France
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6
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Wang D, Tricoire M, Cemortan V, Moutet J, Nocton G. Redox activity of a dissymmetric ligand bridging divalent ytter-bium and reactive nickel fragments. Inorg Chem Front 2021; 8:647-657. [PMID: 33575034 PMCID: PMC7116723 DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00952k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a reactive nickel dimethyl 1 bearing a redox-active, dissymmetric ligand, which is obtained by deprotonation of 2-pyrimidin-2-yl-1H-benzimidazole (Hbimpm) with a divalent lanthanide complex, Cp*2Yb(OEt2), affords an unprecedented, trimeric 2 with C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond formation between two ligands in an exo position. Meanwhile, the transient, dimeric species 3 can be isolated with the same ligand coupling fashion, however, with a drastic distorsion angle of the bimpm ligand and reactive NiMe2 fragment, revealing the possible mechanism of this rearrangement. A much more stable dimeric congener, 5, with an exo ligand coupling, is synthesized in the presence of 18-crown-6, which captures the potassium counter ion. The C-C coupling formation between two bimpm ligands results from the effective electron transfer from divalent lanthanide fragments. Without the divalent lanthanide, the reductive coupling occurs on a different carbon of the ligand, nicely showing the modulation of the spin density induced by the presence of the lanthanide ion. The electronic structures of these complexes are investigated by magnetic study (SQUID), indicating a 2F7/2 ground state for each ytterbium in all the heterometallics. This work firstly reports ligand coupling reactivity in a redox-active, yet dissymmetric system with divalent organolanthanides, and the reactive nickel moiety can impact the intriguing transition towards a stable homoleptic, trinulear lanthanide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Valeriu Cemortan
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jules Moutet
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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7
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Xiao Y, Sun R, Liang J, Fang Y, Liu Z, Jiang S, Wang B, Gao S, Huang W. Homoleptic tris(6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) rare earth metal complexes. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00240f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Homoleptic tris(bipy) rare earth metal complexes were synthesized and structurally characterized. While two parallel bipy radical anions were strongly antiferromagnetically coupled, the remaining bipy radical anion hosted most spin densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Rong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Yuhui Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Shangda Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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8
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Reiners M, Baabe D, Münster K, Zaretzke MK, Freytag M, Jones PG, Coppel Y, Bontemps S, Rosal ID, Maron L, Walter MD. NH 3 formation from N 2 and H 2 mediated by molecular tri-iron complexes. Nat Chem 2020; 12:740-746. [PMID: 32601410 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Living systems carry out the reduction of N2 to ammonia (NH3) through a series of protonation and electron transfer steps under ambient conditions using the enzyme nitrogenase. In the chemical industry, the Haber-Bosch process hydrogenates N2 but requires high temperatures and pressures. Both processes rely on iron-based catalysts, but molecular iron complexes that promote the formation of NH3 on addition of H2 to N2 have remained difficult to devise. Here, we isolate the tri(iron)bis(nitrido) complex [(Cp'Fe)3(μ3-N)2] (in which Cp' = η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2), which is prepared by reduction of [Cp'Fe(μ-I)]2 under an N2 atmosphere and comprises three iron centres bridged by two μ3-nitrido ligands. In solution, this complex reacts with H2 at ambient temperature (22 °C) and low pressure (1 or 4 bar) to form NH3. In the solid state, it is converted into the tri(iron)bis(imido) species, [(Cp'Fe)3(μ3-NH)2], by addition of H2 (10 bar) through an unusual solid-gas, single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation. In solution, [(Cp'Fe)3(μ3-NH)2] further reacts with H2 or H+ to form NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Münster
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc-Kevin Zaretzke
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yannick Coppel
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Bontemps
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-LPCNO and CNRS-LPCNO, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-UPS-LPCNO and CNRS-LPCNO, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc D Walter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany.
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9
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Reiners M, Fecker AC, Baabe D, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Cobalt and Nickel Compounds with Pentadienyl and Edge-Bridged Pentadienyl Ligands: Revisited. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ann Christin Fecker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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10
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Walter MD, Andersen RA. Bis(fulvalene)dimetal Complexes Revisited: Synthesis and Properties of [M 2(2,2′,4,4′-(Me 3C) 4C 10H 4) 2] (M = Mg, Fe, Mn). Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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11
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Halbach RL, Nocton G, Amaro-Estrada JI, Maron L, Booth CH, Andersen RA. Understanding the Multiconfigurational Ground and Excited States in Lanthanide Tetrakis Bipyridine Complexes from Experimental and CASSCF Computational Studies. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12083-12098. [PMID: 31456403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert L. Halbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Grégory Nocton
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Reiners M, Maekawa M, Baabe D, Zaretzke MK, Schweyen P, Daniliuc CG, Freytag M, Raeder J, Hohenberger J, Sutter J, Meyer K, Walter MD. Monomeric Fe(iii) half-sandwich complexes [Cp'FeX 2] - synthesis, properties and electronic structure. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10517-10526. [PMID: 29924109 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01570h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The half-sandwich complex [Cp'Fe(μ-I)]2 (1; Cp' = η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2) is cleaved when heated in toluene to form a cation-anion pair [{Cp'Fe(η6-toluene)}+{Cp'FeI2}-] (2), in which the two Fe(ii) atoms adopt different spin states, i.e., a low-spin (S = 0) and a high-spin (S = 2) configuration. Upon oxidation of 1 with C2H4I2, the thermally stable 15VE species [Cp'FeI2] (3) can be isolated, in which the Fe(iii) atom adopts an intermediate spin (S = 3/2) configuration. Complex 3 is an excellent starting material for further functionalizations and it reacts with Mg(CH2SiMe3)2 to form the unprecedented Fe(iii) (S = 3/2) bis(alkyl) complex [Cp'Fe(CH2SiMe3)2] (4). The respective spin states of complexes 2-4 are confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, zero-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, and solid-state magnetic susceptibility measurements. In contrast to the related 14VE high-spin (S = 2) Fe(ii) alkyl species [Cp'FeCH(SiMe3)2], which resists the reaction with H2 as a consequence of a spin-induced reaction barrier, complex 4 reacts cleanly with H2 (8 bar) in cyclohexane to yield iron hydrides [{Cp'Fe}2(μ-H)3] (5) and [Cp'Fe(μ-H)2]2 (6) in a 1 : 4 ratio. However, when the hydrogenation of 4 is carried out in benzene, a green 19VE [Cp'Fe(η6-C6H6)] (A) intermediate is formed, which dimerizes to the bis(cyclohexadienyl)-bridged product [(Cp'Fe)2(μ2-η5:η5-C12H12)] (7). Further evidence for the intermediacy of [Cp'Fe(η6-C6H6)] (A) was gathered by X-band EPR and UV/vis spectroscopy. Interestingly, attempts to oxidize 7 with AgSbF6 proceeded via C-C bond cleavage instead of metal oxidation to form [Cp'Fe(C6H6)][SbF6] (8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Miyuki Maekawa
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Marc-Kevin Zaretzke
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Jan Raeder
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Johannes Hohenberger
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc D Walter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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13
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Halbach RL, Nocton G, Booth CH, Maron L, Andersen RA. Cerium Tetrakis(tropolonate) and Cerium Tetrakis(acetylacetonate) Are Not Diamagnetic but Temperature-Independent Paramagnets. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7290-7298. [PMID: 29863340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new synthesis of cerium tetrakis(tropolonate), Ce(trop)4, where trop is deprotonated 2-hydroxy-2,4,6-cycloheptatrienone) or Ce(O2C7H5)4, is developed that results in dark-purple crystals whose X-ray crystal structure shows that the geometry of the eight-coordinate compound closely resembles a D2 d dodecahedron, based on shape parameters. The magnetic susceptibility as a function of the temperature (4-300 K) shows that it is a temperature-independent paramagnet, χ = 1.2(3) × 10-4 emu/mol, and the LIII-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectrum shows that the molecule is multiconfigurational, comprised of a f1:f0 configuration mixture in a 50:50 ratio. Ce(acac)4 and Ce(tmtaa)2 (where acac is acetylacetonate and tmtaaH2 is tetramethyldibenzotetraaza[14]annulene) have similar physical properties, as does the solid-state compound CeO2. The concept is advanced that trop-, acac-, tmtaa2-, cot2-, and O2- are redox-active ligands that function as electron donors, rendering the classification of these compounds according to their oxidation numbers misleading because their magnetic susceptibilities, χ, are positive and their effective magnetic moments, μeff, lie in the range of 0.1-0.7 μB at 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Halbach
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Grégory Nocton
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.,Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.,LCM, CNRS , Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris Saclay , 91128 Palaiseau , France
| | - Corwin H Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, CNRS, INSA, UPS , Université de Toulouse , 31000 Toulouse , France
| | - Richard A Andersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.,Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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14
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15
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Raeder J, Reiners M, Baumgarten R, Münster K, Baabe D, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Synthesis and molecular structure of pentadienyl complexes of the rare-earth metals. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14468-14482. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In combination with small and difficult to reduce rare-earth metals pdl′ undergoes CH-bond activations instead of sterically induced reductions to form dimeric complexes with a unique bridging six-membered metallacycle as the central structural motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Raeder
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Matthias Reiners
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Robert Baumgarten
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Katharina Münster
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
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16
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Mustieles Marín I, Cheisson T, Singh-Chauhan R, Herrero C, Cordier M, Clavaguéra C, Nocton G, Auffrant A. Electronic Structures of Mono-Oxidized Copper and Nickel Phosphasalen Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:17940-17953. [PMID: 28980736 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-innocent ligands render the determination of the electronic structure in metal complexes difficult. As such, a combination of experimental techniques and quantum chemistry are required to correctly elucidate them. This paper deals with the one-electron oxidation of copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes featuring a phosphasalen ligand (Psalen), which differs from salen analogues by the presence of iminophosphorane groups (P=N) instead of imines. Various experimental techniques (X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, NMR, EPR, and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and magnetic measurements) as well as quantum chemical calculations were used to define the electronic structure of the oxidized complexes. These can be modified by a small change in the ligand structure, that is, the replacement of a tert-butyl group by a methoxy on the phenoxide ring. The different techniques have allowed quantifying the amount of spin density located on the metal center and on the Psalen ligands. All complexes were found to possess a multi-configurational ground state, in which the ratio of the +II versus +III oxidation state of the metal center, and therefore the phenolate versus phenoxyl radical ligand character, varies upon the substituents. The tert-butyl group favors a strong localization on the metal center whereas with the methoxy group the metallic configurations decrease and the ligand configurations increase. The importance of the geometrical considerations compared with the electronic substituent effect is highlighted by the differences observed between the solid-state (EPR, magnetic measurements) and solution characterizations (EPR and NMR data).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mustieles Marín
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Rohit Singh-Chauhan
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Christian Herrero
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, UMR 8182 CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Auffrant
- LCM, CNRS-Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
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17
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Ehrlich N, Kreye M, Baabe D, Schweyen P, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Synthesis and Electronic Ground-State Properties of Pyrrolyl-Based Iron Pincer Complexes: Revisited. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8415-8422. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico Ehrlich
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Kreye
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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18
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Reiners M, Maekawa M, Daniliuc CG, Freytag M, Jones PG, White PS, Hohenberger J, Sutter J, Meyer K, Maron L, Walter MD. Reactivity studies on [Cp'Fe(μ-I)] 2: nitrido-, sulfido- and diselenide iron complexes derived from pseudohalide activation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4108-4122. [PMID: 30155215 PMCID: PMC6099922 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile pseudohalide activation occurs in the reaction of SCN–, SeCN– and N3– with the iron half-sandwich [Cp′Fe(μ-I)]2.
The iron half-sandwich [Cp′Fe(μ-I)]2 (Cp′ = 1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2, 1) reacts with the pseudohalides NCO–, SCN–, SeCN– and N3– to give [Cp′Fe(μ-NCO)]2 (2), [Cp′Fe(μ-S)]2 (3), [Cp′Fe(μ-Se2)]2 (4) and [Cp′Fe(μ-N)]2 (5), respectively. Various spectroscopic techniques including X-ray diffraction, solid-state magnetic susceptibility studies and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy were employed in the characterization of these species. Mössbauer spectroscopy shows a decreasing isomer shift with increasing formal oxidation state, ranging from Fe(ii) to Fe(iv), in complexes 1 to 5. The sulfido-bridged dimer 3 exhibits strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the Fe(iii) centers. This leads to temperature-independent paramagnetism (TIP) at low temperature, from which the energy gap between the ground and the excited state can be estimated to be 2J = ca. 700 cm–1. The iron(iv) nitrido complex [Cp′Fe(μ-N)]2 (5) shows no reactivity towards H2 (10 atm), but undergoes clean reactions with CO (5 bar) and XylNC (Xyl = 2,6-Me2C6H3) to form the diamagnetic isocyanate and carbodiimide complexes [Cp′Fe(CO)2(NCO)] (7) and [Cp′Fe(CNXyl)2(NCNXyl)] (8), respectively. All compounds were fully characterized, and density functional theory (DFT) computations provide useful insights into their formation and the electronic structures of complexes 3 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Miyuki Maekawa
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Peter S White
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Department of Chemistry , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , USA
| | - Johannes Hohenberger
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Inorganic Chemistry , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Inorganic Chemistry , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Inorganic Chemistry , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse , INSA-UPS-LPCNO , CNRS-LPCNO , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France .
| | - Marc D Walter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig , Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Hagenring 30 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
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19
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Ortu F, Liu J, Burton M, Fowler JM, Formanuik A, Boulon ME, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Analysis of Lanthanide-Radical Magnetic Interactions in Ce(III) 2,2′-Bipyridyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2496-2505. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jingjing Liu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Matthew Burton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jonathan M. Fowler
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Alasdair Formanuik
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | | | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - David P. Mills
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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20
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Rosenzweig MW, Heinemann FW, Maron L, Meyer K. Molecular and Electronic Structures of Eight-Coordinate Uranium Bipyridine Complexes: A Rare Example of a Bipy2– Ligand Coordinated to a U4+ Ion. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2792-2800. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Rosenzweig
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen−Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W. Heinemann
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen−Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen−Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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21
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Zhang L, Fang B, Hou G, Zi G, Ding W, Walter MD. Experimental and Computational Studies of a Uranium Metallacyclocumulene. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wanjian Ding
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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22
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Àrias Ò, Brandhorst K, Baabe D, Freytag M, Jones PG, Tamm M. Formation of paramagnetic metallacyclobutadienes by reaction of diaminoacetylenes with molybdenum alkylidyne complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4737-4748. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00305f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of the molybdenum alkylidyne complex [MesCMo{OCMe(CF3)2}3] with the diaminoacetylenes R2NCCNR2 (NR2 = 4-methylpiperidinyl, NEt2; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) afforded paramagnetic metallacyclobutadiene (MCBD) complexes with diaminodicarbene ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Òscar Àrias
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Kai Brandhorst
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
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23
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Reiners M, Baabe D, Schweyen P, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Teaching Ferrocenium How to Relax: A Systematic Study on Spin-Lattice Relaxation Processes in tert
-Butyl-Substituted Ferrocenium Derivatives. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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24
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Walter MD, Burns CJ, Matsunaga PT, Smith ME, Andersen RA. Synthesis and Physical Properties of Pentamethylmanganocene, (C5Me5)Mn(C5H5), and the Inclusion Compounds [(C5Me5)2Yb]2[(C5H5)2M] (Where M = V, Cr, Fe, Co). Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carol J. Burns
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Phillip T. Matsunaga
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael E. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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25
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Walter MD, Baabe D, Freytag M, Jones PG. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Adducts of [(C5H5)2Mn] Revisited: Nothing More, Nothing Less than High-Spin (S= 5/2) Molecules! Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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26
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Garner ME, Hohloch S, Maron L, Arnold J. A New Supporting Ligand in Actinide Chemistry Leads to Reactive Bis(NHC)borate-Supported Thorium Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Garner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA Toulouse, 135 Avenue
de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - John Arnold
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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27
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Reiners M, Baabe D, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Closing the Gap: Preparation and Characterization of the First Half-Open and Open Manganocene Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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28
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Zhang L, Hou G, Zi G, Ding W, Walter MD. Influence of the 5f Orbitals on the Bonding and Reactivity in Organoactinides: Experimental and Computational Studies on a Uranium Metallacyclopropene. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5130-42. [PMID: 27070508 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure, and reactivity of a uranium metallacyclopropene were comprehensively studied. Reduction of (η(5)-C5Me5)2UCl2 (1) with potassium graphite (KC8) in the presence of bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene (Me3SiC≡CSiMe3) allows the first stable uranium metallacyclopropene (η(5)-C5Me5)2U[η(2)-C2(SiMe3)2] (2) to be isolated. Magnetic susceptibility data confirm that 2 is a U(IV) complex, and density functional theory (DFT) studies indicate substantial 5f orbital contributions to the bonding of the metallacyclopropene U-(η(2)-C═C) moiety, leading to more covalent bonds between the (η(5)-C5Me5)2U(2+) and [η(2)-C2(SiMe3)2](2-) fragments than those in the related Th(IV) compound. Consequently, very different reactivity patterns emerge, e.g., 2 can act as a source for the (η(5)-C5Me5)2U(II) fragment when reacted with alkynes and a variety of heterounsaturated molecules such as imines, bipy, carbodiimide, organic azides, hydrazine, and azo derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wanjian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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29
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Maria L, Soares M, Santos IC, Sousa VR, Mora E, Marçalo J, Luzyanin KV. A novel samarium(ii) complex bearing a dianionic bis(phenolate) cyclam ligand: synthesis, structure and electron-transfer reactions. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3778-90. [PMID: 26818107 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04647e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the hexadentate dianionic 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-based bis(phenolate) ligand, (tBu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam(2-), with [SmI2(thf )2] in thf resulted in the formation of the divalent samarium complex [Sm(κ(6)-{(tBu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})] (1). X-ray diffraction studies revealed that after recrystallization from n-hexane/thf complex 1 has a monomeric structure and does not contain thf molecules coordinated to the Sm(II) center. However, UV-vis and (1)H NMR spectroscopy of 1 evidenced the formation of thf-solvated complexes in neat thf. Reductive studies show that complex 1 can act as a single electrontransfer reagent and form well-defined Sm(III) species. The reaction of 1 with several substrates, namely, TlBPh4, pyridine N-oxide, OPPh3, SPPh3 and bipyridines, are reported. Spectroscopy studies, including NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction data are in agreement with the formation of cationic Sm(III) species, monochalcogenide bridged Sm(III) complexes and Sm(III) complexes with bipyridine radical ligand, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Maria
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Marina Soares
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal. and Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Vânia R Sousa
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Elsa Mora
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Konstantin V Luzyanin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
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30
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Reiners M, Baabe D, Harms K, Maekawa M, Daniliuc CG, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. N-Heterocyclic carbene adducts to [Cp′FeI]2: synthesis and molecular and electronic structure. Inorg Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00235d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adducts [Cp′FeI(NHC)] exhibit a highly anisotropic magnetic Ms = ±2 ground state resulting in unusual large spin–lattice (Orbach) relaxation barriers observed by zero-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Reiners
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Kristoffer Harms
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Miyuki Maekawa
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
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31
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Jaoul A, Clavaguéra C, Nocton G. Electron transfer in tetramethylbiphosphinine complexes of Cp*2Yb and Cp*2Sm. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00527f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
How to make sure an electron is really transferred to a tmbp ligand?
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Jaoul
- LCM
- CNRS
- Ecole Polytechnique
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91128 Palaiseau
| | | | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM
- CNRS
- Ecole Polytechnique
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91128 Palaiseau
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32
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Selikhov AN, Mahrova TV, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Larionova J, Long J, Trifonov AA. Base-Free Lanthanoidocenes(II) Coordinated by Bulky Pentabenzylcyclopentadienyl Ligands. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Selikhov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Scienes, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Tatyana V. Mahrova
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Scienes, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Scienes, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Scienes, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Joulia Larionova
- Institut
Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Chimie
Moléculaire et Organisation du Solide, Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jêrome Long
- Institut
Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Chimie
Moléculaire et Organisation du Solide, Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Scienes, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Scienes, Vavilova Street 28, 119334, Moscow, Russia
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33
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34
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Spin equilibria and thermodynamic constants for (C5H4R)2Mn, R = H or Me, in solid solutions of diamagnetic diluents. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Fang B, Ren W, Hou G, Zi G, Fang DC, Maron L, Walter MD. An Actinide Metallacyclopropene Complex: Synthesis, Structure, Reactivity, and Computational Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17249-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ja509770t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenshan Ren
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - De-Cai Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO,
CNRS and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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36
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Nocton G, Booth CH, Maron L, Ricard L, Andersen RA. Carbon–Hydrogen Bond Breaking and Making in the Open-Shell Singlet Molecule Cp*2Yb(4,7-Me2phen). Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500843z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Nocton
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route
de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO,
UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Ricard
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route
de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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37
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Jacquot L, Xémard M, Clavaguéra C, Nocton G. Multiple One-Electron Transfers in Bipyridine Complexes of Bis(phospholyl) Thulium. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500607r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Jacquot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Mathieu Xémard
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France
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38
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Nocton G, Lukens WW, Booth CH, Rozenel SS, Medling SA, Maron L, Andersen RA. Reversible sigma C-C bond formation between phenanthroline ligands activated by (C5Me5)2Yb. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8626-41. [PMID: 24852897 DOI: 10.1021/ja502271q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure and associated magnetic properties of the 1,10-phenanthroline adducts of Cp*2Yb are dramatically different from those of the 2,2'-bipyridine adducts. The monomeric phenanthroline adducts are ground state triplets that are based upon trivalent Yb(III), f(13), and (phen(•-) ) that are only weakly exchange coupled, which is in contrast to the bipyridine adducts whose ground states are multiconfigurational, open-shell singlets in which ytterbium is intermediate valent ( J. Am. Chem. Soc 2009 , 131 , 6480 ; J. Am. Chem. Soc 2010 , 132 , 17537 ). The origin of these different physical properties is traced to the number and symmetry of the LUMO and LUMO+1 of the heterocyclic diimine ligands. The bipy(•-) has only one π*1 orbital of b1 symmetry of accessible energy, but phen(•-) has two π* orbitals of b1 and a2 symmetry that are energetically accessible. The carbon pπ-orbitals have different nodal properties and coefficients and their energies, and therefore their populations change depending on the position and number of methyl substitutions on the ring. A chemical ramification of the change in electronic structure is that Cp*2Yb(phen) is a dimer when crystallized from toluene solution, but a monomer when sublimed at 180-190 °C. When 3,8-Me2phenanthroline is used, the adduct Cp*2Yb(3,8-Me2phen) exists in the solution in a dimer-monomer equilibrium in which ΔG is near zero. The adducts with 3-Me, 4-Me, 5-Me, 3,8-Me2, and 5,6-Me2-phenanthroline are isolated and characterized by solid state X-ray crystallography, magnetic susceptibility and LIII-edge XANES spectroscopy as a function of temperature and variable-temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Nocton
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique , Palaiseau, France
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39
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Kreye M, Daniliuc CG, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Coordination chemistry of sterically encumbered pyrrolyl ligands to chromium(ii): mono(pyrrolyl)chromium and diazachromocene formation. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:9052-60. [PMID: 24781869 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00533c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kreye
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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40
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Schultz M, Plessow PN, Rominger F, Weigel L. Structure, magnetism and colour in simple bis(phosphine)nickel(II) dihalide complexes: an experimental and theoretical investigation. Acta Crystallogr C 2013; 69:1437-47. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270113030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex [1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ethane-κ2P,P′]diiodidonickel(II), [NiI2(C18H40P2] or (dtbpe-κ2P)NiI2, [dtbpe is 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ethane], is bright blue–green in the solid state and in solution, but, contrary to the structure predicted for a blue or green nickel(II) bis(phosphine) complex, it is found to be close to square planar in the solid state. The solution structure is deduced to be similar, because the optical spectra measured in solution and in the solid state contain similar absorptions. In solution at room temperature, no31P{1H} NMR resonance is observed, but the very small solid-state magnetic moment at temperatures down to 4 K indicates that the weak paramagnetism of this nickel(II) complex can be ascribed to temperature independent paramagnetism, and that the complex has no unpaired electrons. The red [1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ethane-κ2P,P′]dichloridonickel(II), [NiCl2(C18H40P2] or (dtbpe-κ2P)NiCl2, is very close to square planar and very weakly paramagnetic in the solid state and in solution, while the maroon [1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ethane-κ2P,P′]dibromidonickel(II), [NiBr2(C18H40P2] or (dtbpe-κ2P)NiBr2, is isostructural with the diiodide in the solid state, and displays paramagnetism intermediate between that of the dichloride and the diiodide in the solid state and in solution. Density functional calculations demonstrate that distortion from an ideal square plane for these complexes occurs on a flat potential energy surface. The calculations reproduce the observed structures and colours, and explain the trends observed for these and similar complexes. Although theoretical investigation identified magnetic-dipole-allowed excitations that are characteristic for temperature-independent paramagnetism (TIP), theory predicts the molecules to be diamagnetic.
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41
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Nocton G, Booth CH, Maron L, Andersen RA. Influence of the Torsion Angle in 3,3′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine on the Intermediate Valence of Yb in (C5Me5)2Yb(3,3′-Me2-bipy). Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400528d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Nocton
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments
et Coordination, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215,
Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- LPCNO, UMR 5215,
Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
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42
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Fecker AC, Glöckner A, Daniliuc CG, Freytag M, Jones PG, Walter MD. Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry of an Enantiomerically Pure Pentadienyl Ligand. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301189g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Christin Fecker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Glöckner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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43
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Ren W, Lukens WW, Zi G, Maron L, Walter MD. Is the bipyridyl thorium metallocene a low-valent thorium complex? A combined experimental and computational study. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc22013j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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44
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Nocton G, Booth CH, Maron L, Andersen RA. Thermal Dihydrogen Elimination from Cp*2Yb(4,5-diazafluorene). Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300876b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Nocton
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United
States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, Toulouse,
France
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United
States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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45
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Glöckner A, Bauer H, Maekawa M, Bannenberg T, Daniliuc CG, Jones PG, Sun Y, Sitzmann H, Tamm M, Walter MD. How big is a Cp? Cycloheptatrienyl zirconium complexes with bulky cyclopentadienyl and indenyl ligands. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6614-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12132h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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46
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Booth CH, Kazhdan D, Werkema EL, Walter MD, Lukens WW, Bauer ED, Hu YJ, Maron L, Eisenstein O, Head-Gordon M, Andersen RA. Intermediate-valence tautomerism in decamethylytterbocene complexes of methyl-substituted bipyridines. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:17537-49. [PMID: 21090709 DOI: 10.1021/ja106902s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Multiconfigurational, intermediate valent ground states are established in several methyl-substituted bipyridine complexes of bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ytterbium, Cp2*Yb (Me(x)-bipy). In contrast to Cp2*Yb(bipy) and other substituted-bipy complexes, the nature of both the ground state and the first excited state are altered by changing the position of the methyl or dimethyl substitutions on the bipyridine rings. In particular, certain substitutions result in multiconfigurational, intermediate valent open-shell singlet states in both the ground state and the first excited state. These conclusions are reached after consideration of single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), the temperature dependence of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS), and magnetic susceptibility data, and are supported by CASSCF-MP2 calculations. These results place the various Cp2*Yb(bipy) complexes in a new tautomeric class, that is, intermediate-valence tautomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corwin H Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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47
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Summerscales OT, Jones SC, Cloke FGN, Hitchcock PB. Anti-Bimetallic Complexes of Divalent Lanthanides with Silylated Pentalene and Cyclooctatetraenyl Bridging Ligands as Molecular Models for Lanthanide-Based Polymers. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900520h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen T. Summerscales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Simon C. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - F. Geoffrey N. Cloke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
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48
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Booth CH, Walter MD, Kazhdan D, Hu YJ, Lukens WW, Bauer ED, Maron L, Eisenstein O, Andersen RA. Decamethylytterbocene complexes of bipyridines and diazabutadienes: multiconfigurational ground states and open-shell singlet formation. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:6480-91. [PMID: 19385617 DOI: 10.1021/ja809624w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Partial ytterbium f-orbital occupancy (i.e., intermediate valence) and open-shell singlet formation are established for a variety of bipyridine and diazabutadiene adducts with decamethylytterbocene, (C(5)Me(5))(2)Yb, abbreviated as Cp*(2)Yb. Data used to support this claim include ytterbium valence measurements using Yb L(III)-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) multiconfigurational calculations, as well as structural measurements compared to density functional theory calculations. The CASSCF calculations indicate that the intermediate valence is the result of a multiconfigurational ground-state wave function that has both an open-shell singlet f(13)(pi*)(1), where pi* is the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the bipyridine or diazabutadiene ligands, and a closed-shell singlet f(14) component. A number of other competing theories for the unusual magnetism in these materials are ruled out by the lack of temperature dependence of the measured intermediate valence. These results have implications for understanding chemical bonding not only in organolanthanide complexes but also for f-element chemistry in general, as well as understanding magnetic interactions in nanoparticles and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corwin H Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Walter MD, Sofield CD, Booth CH, Andersen RA. Spin Equilibria in Monomeric Manganocenes: Solid-State Magnetic and EXAFS Studies. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om800922j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Chadwick D. Sofield
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Walter MD, Booth CH, Lukens WW, Andersen RA. Cerocene Revisited: The Electronic Structure of and Interconversion Between Ce2(C8H8)3 and Ce(C8H8)2. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om7012327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Wayne W. Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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