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Munz D, Meyer K. Charge frustration in ligand design and functional group transfer. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:422-439. [PMID: 37118028 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with different resonance structures of similar importance, such as heterocumulenes and mesoionics, are prominent in many applications of chemistry, including 'click chemistry', photochemistry, switching and sensing. In coordination chemistry, similar chameleonic/schizophrenic entities are referred to as ambidentate/ambiphilic or cooperative ligands. Examples of these had remained, for a long time, limited to a handful of archetypal compounds that were mere curiosities. In this Review, we describe ambiphilicity - or, rather, 'charge frustration' - as a general guiding principle for ligand design and functional group transfer. We first give a historical account of organic zwitterions and discuss their electronic structures and applications. Our discussion then focuses on zwitterionic ligands and their metal complexes, such as those of ylidic and redox-active ligands. Finally, we present new approaches to single-atom transfer using cumulated small molecules and outline emerging areas, such as bond activation and stable donor-acceptor ligand systems for reversible 1e- chemistry or switching.
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Tashima N, Sawazaki T, Kayaki Y, Kuwata S. A P–C Chelate, Protic 1,2-Dihydropyridin-2-ylidene Ruthenium Complex: Synthesis, Structure, and Reversible Deprotonation. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Tashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Taka Sawazaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kayaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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Wang HX, Wan Q, Wu K, Low KH, Yang C, Zhou CY, Huang JS, Che CM. Ruthenium(II) Porphyrin Quinoid Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Reactivity toward Carbene Transfer and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9027-9046. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China
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Organophosphines in organoplatinum complexes: structural aspects of PtPCX2 (X = OL, NL, Cl, SL, SeL, SiL, Br or I) derivatives. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-017-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Crosby SH, Clarkson GJ, Rourke JP. Relieving Steric Strain at Octahedral Platinum(IV): Isomerization and Reductive Coupling of Alkyl and Aryl Chlorides. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3008019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Crosby
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, U.K. CV4 7AL
| | - Guy J. Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, U.K. CV4 7AL
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Crosby SH, Clarkson GJ, Rourke JP. Reactions of a Platinum(II) Agostic Complex: Decyclometalation, Dicyclometalation, and Solvent-Switchable Formation of a Rollover Complex. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200293e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Crosby
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL U.K
| | - Guy J. Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL U.K
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Cabeza JA, del Río I, Pérez-Carreño E, Pruneda V. Reactivity of Cationic Triruthenium Carbonyl Clusters: From Pyrimidinium Ligands to N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om101130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Cabeza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio del Río
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Pérez-Carreño
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vanessa Pruneda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Roselló-Merino M, Díez J, Conejero S. A simple, general route to 2-pyridylidene transition metal complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:9247-9. [PMID: 21052586 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03935g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyridinium 2-carboxylates decompose thermally in the presence of a variety of late transition metal precursors to yield the corresponding 2-pyridylidene-like complexes. The mild reaction conditions and structural diversity that can be generated in the heterocyclic ring make this method an attractive alternative for the synthesis of 2-pyridylidene complexes. IR spectra of the Ir(i) carbonyl compounds [IrCl(NHC)(CO)(2)] indicate that these N-heterocyclic carbene ligands are among the strongest σ-electron donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roselló-Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
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Stander-Grobler E, Schuster O, Heydenrych G, Cronje S, Tosh E, Albrecht M, Frenking G, Raubenheimer HG. Pyridine-Derived N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation of the Bonding in and Reactivity of Selected Normal and Abnormal Complexes of Nickel(II) and Palladium(II). Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100431u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elzet Stander-Grobler
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oliver Schuster
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Greta Heydenrych
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Cronje
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Evangeline Tosh
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Helgard G. Raubenheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Cabeza JA, del Río I, Pérez-Carreño E, Sánchez-Vega MG, Vázquez-García D. Trapping of Pyrid-2-ylidenes by [Ru3(CO)12]: Orthometalated Pyrid-2-ylidenes in Triruthenium Clusters. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100574j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Cabeza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio del Río
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Pérez-Carreño
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Gabriela Sánchez-Vega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica-IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Crosby SH, Clarkson GJ, Deeth RJ, Rourke JP. Platinum(IV) DMSO Complexes: Synthesis, Isomerization, and Agostic Intermediates. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om901087m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Crosby
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, U.K. CV4 7AL
| | - Guy J. Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, U.K. CV4 7AL
| | - Robert J. Deeth
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Coventry, U.K. CV4 7AL
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Schuster O, Yang L, Raubenheimer HG, Albrecht M. Beyond conventional N-heterocyclic carbenes: abnormal, remote, and other classes of NHC ligands with reduced heteroatom stabilization. Chem Rev 2009; 109:3445-78. [PMID: 19331408 DOI: 10.1021/cr8005087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 916] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schuster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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Cabeza J, del Río I, Goite M, Pérez-Carreño E, Pruneda V. Cationic Heterocycles as Ligands: Synthesis and Reactivity with Anionic Nucleophiles of Cationic Triruthenium Clusters Containing C-MetalatedN-Methylquinoxalinium orN-Methylpyrazinium Ligands. Chemistry 2009; 15:7339-49. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cabeza J, del Río I, Pérez-Carreño E, Sánchez-Vega M, Vázquez-García D. A Simple Preparation of Pyridine-Derived N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Transformation into Bridging Ligands by Orthometalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cabeza J, del Río I, Pérez-Carreño E, Sánchez-Vega M, Vázquez-García D. A Simple Preparation of Pyridine-Derived N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Transformation into Bridging Ligands by Orthometalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:555-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Raubenheimer HG, Cronje S. One-N, six-membered heterocyclic carbene complexes and the remote heteroatom concept. Dalton Trans 2008:1265-72. [DOI: 10.1039/b715592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Newman CP, Deeth RJ, Clarkson GJ, Rourke JP. Synthesis of Mixed NHC/L Platinum(II) Complexes: Restricted Rotation of the NHC Group. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om700671y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert J. Deeth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Guy J. Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P. Rourke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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