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Guzmán Ríos D, Romero MA, González-Delgado JA, Arteaga JF, Pischel U. Metal-Mediated Organocatalysis in Water: Serendipitous Discovery of Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by the [Ru(bpy) 2(nornicotine) 2] 2+ Complex. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5412-5418. [PMID: 35337184 PMCID: PMC10550203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The [Ru(bpy)2(Nor)2]2+ complex (Nor = nornicotine) is an efficient catalyst for the aldol reaction of acetone with activated benzaldehydes in a buffered aqueous solution. The metal plays the role of an activator for the nornicotine organocatalyst ligands. The resulting catalytic activity is potentiated by a factor of about 4.5 as compared to free nornicotine. Similar rate enhancements can be achieved by using Zn(II) cations as the activator. The observations are rationalized with the reduced basicity of the pyrrolidine N in nornicotine due to the enhanced electron withdrawal of the metal-complexed pyridyl moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Guzmán Ríos
- CIQSO—Center for Research in
Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, Huelva E-21071, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Romero
- CIQSO—Center for Research in
Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, Huelva E-21071, Spain
| | - José A. González-Delgado
- CIQSO—Center for Research in
Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, Huelva E-21071, Spain
| | - Jesús F. Arteaga
- CIQSO—Center for Research in
Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, Huelva E-21071, Spain
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO—Center for Research in
Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, Huelva E-21071, Spain
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2
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Abstract
The proline-catalysed asymmetric aldol reaction is usually carried out in highly dipolar aprotic solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile) where proline presents an acceptable solubility. Protic solvents are generally characterized by poor stereocontrol (e.g., methanol) or poor reactivity (e.g., water). Here, we report that water/methanol mixtures are exceptionally simple and effective reaction media for the intermolecular organocatalytic aldol reaction using the simple proline as the catalyst.
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3
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Sadek KU, Mekheimer RA, Abd‐Elmonem M, Elnagdi MH. Recent developments in the utility of Zn( L‐proline) 2as benign and recyclable metallo‐organocatalyst in organic synthesis. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Usef Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceMinia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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4
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Cozzi PG, Gualandi A, Potenti S, Calogero F, Rodeghiero G. Asymmetric Reactions Enabled by Cooperative Enantioselective Amino- and Lewis Acid Catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 378:1. [PMID: 31761979 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Organocatalysis-the branch of catalysis featuring small organic molecules as the catalysts-has, in the last decade, become of central importance in the field of asymmetric catalysis, so much that it is now comparable to metal catalysis and biocatalysis. Organocatalysis is rationalized and classified by a number of so-called activation modes, based on the formation of a covalent or not-covalent intermediate between the organocatalyst and the organic substrate. Among all the organocatalytic activation modes, enamine and iminium catalysis are widely used for the practical preparation of valuable products and intermediates, both in academic and industrial contexts. In both cases, chiral amines are employed as catalysts. Enamine activation mode is generally employed in the reaction with electrophiles, while nucleophiles require the iminium activation mode. Commonly, in both modes, the reaction occurs through well-organized transitions states. A large variety of partners can react with enamines and iminium ions, due to their sufficient nucleophilicity and electrophilicity, respectively. However, despite the success, organocatalysis still suffers from narrow scopes and applications. Multicatalysis is a possible solution for these drawbacks because the two different catalysts can synergistically activate the substrates, with a simultaneous activation of the two different reaction partners. In particular, in this review we will summarize the reported processes featuring Lewis acid catalysis and organocatalytic activation modes synergically acting and not interfering with each other. We will focus our attention on the description of processes in which good results cannot be achieved independently by organocatalysis or Lewis acid catalysis. In these examples of cooperative dual catalysis, a number of new organic transformations have been developed. The review will focus on the possible strategies, the choice of the Lewis acid and the catalytic cycles involved in the effective reported combination. Additionally, some important key points regarding the rationale for the effective combinations will be also included. π-Activation of organic substrates by Lewis acids, via formation of electrophilic intermediates, and their reaction with enamines will be also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giorgio Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Potenti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Calogero
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rodeghiero
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
- Cyanagen Srl, Via Stradelli Guelfi 40/C, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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Gimeno MC, Herrera RP. Hydrogen Bonding and Internal or External Lewis or Brønsted Acid Assisted (Thio)urea Catalysts. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Raquel P. Herrera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica. Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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6
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Kooti M, Kooshki F, Nasiri E. Preparation and characterization of magnetic graphene nanocomposite containing Cu(proline)2 as catalyst for asymmetric aldol reactions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Su Z, Zuo Y, Hu C. Theoretical Investigation on Direct Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of Isatin Catalyzed by Chiral- N , N' -dioxide Sc(III) Complex. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Layek S, Agrahari B, Kumari S, Anuradha, Pathak DD. [Zn(l-proline)2] Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Propargylamines Under Solvent-Free Conditions. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Serra-Pont A, Alfonso I, Solà J, Jimeno C. A copper-templated, bifunctional organocatalyst: a strongly cooperative dynamic system for the aldol reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6584-6591. [PMID: 28749514 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01370a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study of novel metal-templated dynamic organocatalytic systems has led to the identification of CuSO4 as the most efficient template to assemble monofunctional prolinamide- and thiourea-modified pyridine ligands. The structural and electronic requirements to assemble an efficient catalyst have been disclosed: both pyridine ligands must bear a 1,3-substitution pattern, and the thiourea ligand serves as a reducing agent to copper(i) as well. Eventually, the cooperative effects achieved with such a simple system deliver high reaction rates and stereoselectivities at room temperature in the asymmetric aldol reaction, requiring only 1 mol% of copper salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Serra-Pont
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Álvarez-Miguel L, Barbero H, Sacristán-Martín A, Martín Álvarez JM, Pérez-Encabo A, Álvarez CM, García-Rodríguez R, Miguel D. Copper Complexes in the Promotion of Aldol Addition to Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde: Synthesis of Homo- and Heteroleptic Complexes and Stereoselective Double Aldol Addition. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:264-276. [PMID: 29227100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CuCl2·2H2O and Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O are able to promote aldol addition of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (pyca) with acetone, acetophenone, or cyclohexenone under neutral and mild conditions. The general and simple one-pot procedure for the aldol addition to Cu(II) complexes accesses novel Cu complexes with a large variety of different structural motifs, from which the aldol-addition ligand can be liberated by treatment with NH3. Neutral heteroleptic complexes in which the ligand acts as bidentate, or homoleptic cationic complexes in which the ligand acts as tridentate can be obtained depending on the copper salt used. The key step in these reactions is the coordination of pyca to copper, which increases the electrophilic character of the aldehyde, with Cu(ClO4)2 leading to a higher degree of activation than CuCl2, as predicted by DFT calculations. A regio- and stereoselective double aldol addition of pyca in the reaction of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O with acetone leads to the formation of a dimer copper complex in which the novel double aldol addition product acts as a pentadentate ligand. A possible mechanism is discussed. The work is supported by extensive crystallographic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Álvarez-Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Adriana Sacristán-Martín
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José M Martín Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Pérez-Encabo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT/IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid , Paseo de Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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11
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Yamashita Y, Yasukawa T, Yoo WJ, Kitanosono T, Kobayashi S. Catalytic enantioselective aldol reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:4388-4480. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00824d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in catalytic asymmetric aldol reactions have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yasukawa
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Woo-Jin Yoo
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Taku Kitanosono
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
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12
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Kitanosono T, Masuda K, Xu P, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Organic Reactions in Water toward Sustainable Society. Chem Rev 2017; 118:679-746. [PMID: 29218984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditional organic synthesis relies heavily on organic solvents for a multitude of tasks, including dissolving the components and facilitating chemical reactions, because many reagents and reactive species are incompatible or immiscible with water. Given that they are used in vast quantities as compared to reactants, solvents have been the focus of environmental concerns. Along with reducing the environmental impact of organic synthesis, the use of water as a reaction medium also benefits chemical processes by simplifying operations, allowing mild reaction conditions, and sometimes delivering unforeseen reactivities and selectivities. After the "watershed" in organic synthesis revealed the importance of water, the development of water-compatible catalysts has flourished, triggering a quantum leap in water-centered organic synthesis. Given that organic compounds are typically practically insoluble in water, simple extractive workup can readily separate a water-soluble homogeneous catalyst as an aqueous solution from a product that is soluble in organic solvents. In contrast, the use of heterogeneous catalysts facilitates catalyst recycling by allowing simple centrifugation and filtration methods to be used. This Review addresses advances over the past decade in catalytic reactions using water as a reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kitanosono
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koichiro Masuda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Pengyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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13
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Raeisolsadati Oskouei M, Brouwer AM. Organocatalytic Fluorogenic Synthesis of Chromenes. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1141-1147. [PMID: 28224357 PMCID: PMC5393152 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Two fluorescent derivatives of 2-amino-3-carbonitrile-4H-chromene were synthesized by means of a fluorogenic Michael addition of dimedone to dicyano alkene labeled BODIPY derivatives. Different organocatalysts were used in different conditions to obtain compounds 3 and 4 in good yield (up to 65% and 85%) and moderate enantiomeric excess (51% and 41% ee, respectively). This work provides the first example of an enantioselective organocatalytic conversion combined with fluorogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Raeisolsadati Oskouei
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Poddar R, Jain A, Kidwai M. Bis[(l)prolinate-N,O]Zn: A water-soluble and recycle catalyst for various organic transformations. J Adv Res 2017; 8:245-270. [PMID: 28289549 PMCID: PMC5338870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the green chemistry perspective, bis[(l)prolinate-N,O]Zn (also called zinc-proline or Zn[(l)-pro]2) has proven its competence as a promising alternative in a plethora of applications such as catalyst or promoter. Owing to its biodegradable and non-toxic nature of bis[(l)prolinate-N,O]Zn, it is being actively investigated as a water soluble green catalyst for synthetic chemistry. Bis[(l)prolinate-N,O]Zn are readily utilized under mild conditions and have high selectivity and reactivity with broad range of substrate acceptance to make it better reaction medium for a wide variety of organic transformations. This Review summarizes the till date literature on its synthesis, characterization, and its catalytic role in various organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roona Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Arti Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mazaahir Kidwai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Corresponding author. Fax: +91 1127666235.
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Afewerki S, Córdova A. Combinations of Aminocatalysts and Metal Catalysts: A Powerful Cooperative Approach in Selective Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13512-13570. [PMID: 27723291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The cooperation and interplay between organic and metal catalyst systems is of utmost importance in nature and chemical synthesis. Here innovative and selective cooperative catalyst systems can be designed by combining two catalysts that complement rather than inhibit one another. This refined strategy can permit chemical transformations unmanageable by either of the catalysts alone. This review summarizes innovations and developments in selective organic synthesis that have used cooperative dual catalysis by combining simple aminocatalysts with metal catalysts. Considerable efforts have been devoted to this fruitful field. This emerging area employs the different activation modes of amine and metal catalysts as a platform to address challenging reactions. Here, aminocatalysis (e.g., enamine activation catalysis, iminium activation catalysis, single occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) activation catalysis, and photoredox activation catalysis) is employed to activate unreactive carbonyl substrates. The transition metal catalyst complements by activating a variety of substrates through a range of interactions (e.g., electrophilic π-allyl complex formation, Lewis acid activation, allenylidene complex formation, photoredox activation, C-H activation, etc.), and thereby novel concepts within catalysis are created. The inclusion of heterogeneous catalysis strategies allows for "green" chemistry development, catalyst recyclability, and the more eco-friendly synthesis of valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Afewerki
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University , SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden.,Berzelii Center EXSELENT, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armando Córdova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University , SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden.,Berzelii Center EXSELENT, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Werner M, Heil A, Rothermel N, Breitzke H, Groszewicz PB, Thankamony AS, Gutmann T, Buntkowsky G. Synthesis and solid state NMR characterization of novel peptide/silica hybrid materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2015; 72:73-78. [PMID: 26411982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The successful synthesis and solid state NMR characterization of silica-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials is presented. For this, collagen-like peptides are immobilized on carboxylate functionalized mesoporous silica (COOH/SiOx) materials. A pre-activation of the silica material with TSTU (O-(N-Succinimidyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate) is performed to enable a covalent binding of the peptides to the linker. The success of the covalent immobilization is indicated by the decrease of the (13)C CP-MAS NMR signal of the TSTU moiety. A qualitative distinction between covalently bound and adsorbed peptide is feasible by (15)N CP-MAS Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP). The low-field shift of the (15)N signal of the peptide's N-terminus clearly identifies it as the binding site. The DNP enhancement allows the probing of natural abundance (15)N nuclei, rendering expensive labeling of peptides unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayke Werner
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Heil
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Niels Rothermel
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hergen Breitzke
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Pedro Braga Groszewicz
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Aany Sofia Thankamony
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Serra-Pont A, Alfonso I, Jimeno C, Solà J. Dynamic assembly of a zinc-templated bifunctional organocatalyst in the presence of water for the asymmetric aldol reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17386-9. [PMID: 26478115 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07847d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bifunctional organocatalytic system consisting of simple pyridine ligands containing separate catalytic functionalities was assembled using ZnCl2. This novel metal-templated catalyst furnished high yields and stereoselectivities towards the aldol reaction. The addition of controlled amounts of water turned out to be crucial to dissolve the system and achieve optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Serra-Pont
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, E08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Chanda T, Chowdhury S, Anand N, Koley S, Gupta A, Singh MS. Synthesis of 3-hydroxyindanones via potassium salt of amino acid catalyzed regioselective intramolecular aldolization of ortho-diacylbenzenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Thankachan AP, Asha S, Sindhu KS, Anilkumar G. An overview of Zn-catalyzed enantioselective aldol type C–C bond formation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10102f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective zinc-catalyzed aldol reactions provide an efficient route for the construction of a wide range of carbon–carbon bond-formation, which are described here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Asha
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India 686560
| | - K. S. Sindhu
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India 686560
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Gualandi A, Mengozzi L, Wilson CM, Cozzi PG. Synergy, Compatibility, and Innovation: Merging Lewis Acids with Stereoselective Enamine Catalysis. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:984-95. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Design and synthesis of chiral Zn2+ complexes mimicking natural aldolases for catalytic C-C bond forming reactions in aqueous solution. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:2087-118. [PMID: 24481060 PMCID: PMC3958839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15022087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extending carbon frameworks via a series of C-C bond forming reactions is essential for the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceutically active compounds, active agrochemical ingredients, and a variety of functional materials. The application of stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions to the one-pot synthesis of biorelevant compounds is now emerging as a challenging and powerful strategy for improving the efficiency of a chemical reaction, in which some of the reactants are subjected to successive chemical reactions in just one reactor. However, organic reactions are generally conducted in organic solvents, as many organic molecules, reagents, and intermediates are not stable or soluble in water. In contrast, enzymatic reactions in living systems proceed in aqueous solvents, as most of enzymes generally function only within a narrow range of temperature and pH and are not so stable in less polar organic environments, which makes it difficult to conduct chemoenzymatic reactions in organic solvents. In this review, we describe the design and synthesis of chiral metal complexes with Zn2+ ions as a catalytic factor that mimic aldolases in stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions, especially for enantioselective aldol reactions. Their application to chemoenzymatic reactions in aqueous solution is also presented.
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23
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Renzetti A, Boffa E, Colazzo M, Gérard S, Sapi J, Chan TH, Nakazawa H, Villani C, Fontana A. Yonemitsu-type condensations catalysed by proline and Eu(OTf)3. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08853k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction of aromatic heterocycles, aldehydes, and active methylene compounds affords polyfunctionalised heterocycles. The reaction is green and provides access to compounds that cannot be obtained by classical methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Renzetti
- Department of Chemistry
- Osaka City University
- 558-8585 Osaka, Japan
| | - Emanuela Boffa
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università “G. d'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara
- I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Colazzo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università “G. d'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara
- I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stéphane Gérard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims
- UMR CNRS 6229
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- F-51096 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Janos Sapi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims
- UMR CNRS 6229
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- F-51096 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Tak-Hang Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry
- Osaka City University
- 558-8585 Osaka, Japan
| | - Claudio Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Università “La Sapienza”
- I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università “G. d'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara
- I-66100 Chieti, Italy
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24
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Martínez-Castañeda Á, Kędziora K, Lavandera I, Rodríguez-Solla H, Concellón C, del Amo V. Highly enantioselective synthesis of α-azido-β-hydroxy methyl ketones catalyzed by a cooperative proline–guanidinium salt system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2598-600. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49371g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Kang G, Luo Z, Liu C, Gao H, Wu Q, Wu H, Jiang J. Amino Acid Salts Catalyzed Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Tryptanthrin: A Straightforward Synthesis of Phaitanthrin A and Its Derivatives. Org Lett 2013; 15:4738-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402104p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Kang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenli Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongxing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanquan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Dusselier M, Van Wouwe P, De Smet S, De Clercq R, Verbelen L, Van Puyvelde P, Du Prez FE, Sels BF. Toward Functional Polyester Building Blocks from Renewable Glycolaldehyde with Sn Cascade Catalysis. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400298n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Dusselier
- Center for Surface Chemistry
and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Wouwe
- Center for Surface Chemistry
and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sanne De Smet
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rik De Clercq
- Center for Surface Chemistry
and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leander Verbelen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan
46, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Puyvelde
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan
46, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Center for Surface Chemistry
and Catalysis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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27
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Itoh S, Tokunaga T, Sonoike S, Kitamura M, Yamano A, Aoki S. Asymmetric Aldol Reactions between Acetone and Benzaldehydes Catalyzed by Chiral Zn2+Complexes of Aminoacyl 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane: Fine-Tuning of the Amino-Acid Side Chains and a Revised Reaction Mechanism. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2125-35. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Xu K, Zhang S, Hu Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Asymmetric Michael Reaction Catalyzed by Proline Lithium Salt: Efficient Synthesis ofL-Proline and Isoindoloisoquinolinone Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:3573-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Wu XF, Neumann H. Zinc-Catalyzed Organic Synthesis: CC, CN, CO Bond Formation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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SIDDIQUI ZEBAN, FAROOQ FARHEEN. A practical one pot synthesis of novel 2-hydroxy-4-chromanone derivatives from 3-formylchromone. J CHEM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-012-0300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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32
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Andreu C, del Olmo M, Asensio G. Effect of addition of Lewis/Brönsted acids in the asymmetric aldol condensation catalyzed by trifluoroacetate salts of proline-based dipeptides. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Kidwai M, Jain A. Zn[(L)Proline]2: an eligible candidate for the synthesis of xanthenediones in water. Appl Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.2895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mazaahir Kidwai
- Green Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi; 110 007; India
| | - Arti Jain
- Green Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi; 110 007; India
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34
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Andreu C, Sanz F, Asensio G. Counterion's Effect on the Catalytic Activity of Zn-Prolinamide Complexes in Aldol Condensations. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Ma X, Zheng J, Pang H. Intercalation of Mg–Al layered double hydroxides by l-proline: synthesis and characterization. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Reymond JL, Darbre T. Peptide and glycopeptide dendrimer apple trees as enzyme models and for biomedical applications. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1483-92. [PMID: 22274649 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06938e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) provides peptides with a dendritic topology when diamino acids are introduced in the sequences. Peptide dendrimers with one to three amino acids between branches can be prepared with up to 38 amino acids (MW ~ 5,000 Da). Larger peptide dendrimers (MW ~ 30,000) were obtained by a multivalent chloroacetyl cysteine (ClAc) ligation. Structural studies of peptide dendrimers by CD, FT-IR, NMR and molecular dynamics reveal molten globule states containing up to 50% of α-helix. Esterase and aldolase peptide dendrimers displaying dendritic effects and enzyme kinetics (k(cat)/k(uncat) ~ 10(5)) were designed or discovered by screening large combinatorial libraries. Strong ligands for Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectins LecA and LecB able to inhibit biofilm formation were obtained with glycopeptide dendrimers. Efficient ligands for cobalamin, cytotoxic colchicine conjugates and antimicrobial peptide dendrimers were also developed showing the versatility of dendritic peptides. Complementing the multivalency, the amino acid composition of the dendrimers strongly influenced the catalytic or biological activity obtained demonstrating the importance of the "apple tree" configuration for protein-like function in peptide dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Reymond
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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37
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38
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Paradowska J, Pasternak M, Gut B, Gryzło B, Mlynarski J. Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions Inspired by Two Types of Natural Aldolases: Water-Compatible Organocatalysts and ZnII Complexes. J Org Chem 2011; 77:173-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201584w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Paradowska
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224
Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Pasternak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University,
Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow,
Poland
| | - Bartosz Gut
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University,
Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow,
Poland
| | - Beata Gryzło
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University,
Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow,
Poland
| | - Jacek Mlynarski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224
Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University,
Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow,
Poland
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39
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Sonoike S, Itakura T, Kitamura M, Aoki S. One-pot chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral 1,3-diols using an enantioselective aldol reaction with chiral Zn2+ complex catalysts and enzymatic reduction using oxidoreductases with cofactor regeneration. Chem Asian J 2011; 7:64-74. [PMID: 22174123 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported on enantioselective aldol reactions of acetone and some aldehydes catalyzed by chiral Zn(2+) complexes of L-prolyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(1)) and L-valyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(2)) in aqueous solution. Here, we report on the one-pot chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral 1,3-diols in an aqueous solvent system at room temperature by a combination of enantioselective aldol reactions catalyzed by Zn(2+) complexes of L- and D-phenylalanyl-pendant [12]aneN(4) (L-ZnL(3) and D-ZnL(3) ) and the successive enantioselective reduction of the aldol products using oxidoreductases with the regeneration of the NADH (reduced form of nicotinamine adenine dinucleotide) cofactor. The findings indicate that all four stereoisomers of 1,3-diols can be produced by appropriate selection of a chiral Zn(2+)-complex and an oxidoreductase commercially available from the "Chiralscreen OH" kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Sonoike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, Japan
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40
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Andreu C, Varea T, Asensio G. Inhibition of imidazolidinone intermediate formation in the aldol reactions catalyzed by zinc–prolinamide complexes. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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41
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Andreu C, Asensio G. The role of Zn2+ in enhancing the rate and stereoselectivity of the aldol reactions catalyzed by the simple prolinamide model. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Karmakar A, Maji T, Wittmann S, Reiser O. L-Proline/CoCl2-Catalyzed Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reactions. Chemistry 2011; 17:11024-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Siddiqui ZN, Musthafa TM. An efficient and novel synthesis of chromonyl chalcones using recyclable Zn(l-proline)2 catalyst in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Guerra KP, Afonso CAM. Efficient Tandem Morita-Baylis-Hillman/Double Cross-Aldol Reaction between Cyclic Enones and Formaldehyde Promoted by N-Methylpyrrolidine. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Siddiqui ZN, Farooq F. Zn(Proline)2: a novel catalyst for the synthesis of dicoumarols. Catal Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cy00110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Daka P, Xu Z, Alexa A, Wang H. Primary amine-metal Lewis acid bifunctional catalysts based on a simple bidentate ligand: direct asymmetric aldol reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:224-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00917b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Direct asymmetric aldol reaction co-catalyzed by l-proline and group 12 elements Lewis acids in the presence of water. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Lu Z, Mei H, Han J, Pan Y. The Mimic of Type II Aldolases Chemistry: Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Hydroxy Ketones by Direct Aldol Reaction. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 76:181-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.00998.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Siddiqui ZN, Musthafa TNM, Praveen S, Farooq F. Zn(Proline)2-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation under solvent-free/aqueous conditions and biological evaluation of products. Med Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-010-9376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Charmantray F, Légeret B, Hélaine V, Hecquet L. Fluorogenic substrates for the screening assay of transketolase through beta-elimination of umbelliferone—Development, scope and limitations. J Biotechnol 2010; 145:359-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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