1
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Miller JD, Walsh MM, Lee K, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Hydrogen atom abstraction as a synthetic route to a square planar Co II complex with a redox-active tetradentate PNNP ligand. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03364g. [PMID: 39220158 PMCID: PMC11362828 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03364g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox-active ligands improve the reactivity of transition metal complexes by facilitating redox processes independent of the transition metal center. A tetradentate square planar (PNCH2CH2NP)CoII (1) complex was synthesized and the ethylene backbone was dehydrogenated through hydrogen atom abstraction to afford (PNCHCHNP)CoII (2), which now contains a redox-active ligand. The ligand backbone of 2 can be readily hydrogenated with H2 to regenerate 1. Reduction of 1 and 2 with KC8 in the presence of 18-crown-6 results in cobalt-based reductions to afford [(PNCH2CH2NP)CoI][K(18-crown-6)] (3) and [(PNCHCHNP)CoI][K(18-crown-6)] (4), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry revealed two reversible oxidation processes for 2, presumed to be ligand-based. Following treatment of 2 with one equivalent of FcPF6, the one-electron oxidation product {[(PNCHCHNP)CoII(THF)][PF6]}·THF (5) was obtained. Treating 5 with an additional equivalent of FcPF6 affords the two-electron oxidation product [(PNCHCHNP)CoII][PF6]2 (6). Addition of PMe3 to 5 produced [(PNCHCHNP)CoII(PMe3)][PF6] (7). A host of characterization methods including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility measurements using SQUID magnetometry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations were used to assign 5 and 6 as ligand-based oxidation products of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Mitchell M Walsh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Kyounghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave Columbus OH 43210 USA
- Department of Chemical Education and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Gyeongnam 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave Columbus OH 43210 USA
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2
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Zovko C, Schoo C, Feuerstein TJ, Münzfeld L, Knöfel ND, Lebedkin S, Kappes MM, Roesky PW. Alkali Metal Complexes of a Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane Functionalized Amidinate Ligand: Synthesis and Luminescence. Chemistry 2021; 27:15119-15126. [PMID: 34427374 PMCID: PMC8596514 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (DPPM) functionalized amidine ligand (DPPM-C(N-Dipp)2 H) (Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl) was synthesized. Subsequent deprotonation with suitable alkali metal bases resulted in the corresponding complexes [M{DPPM-C(N-Dipp)2 }(Ln )] (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; L=thf, Et2 O). The alkali metal complexes form monomeric species in the solid state, exhibiting intramolecular metal-π-interactions. In addition, a caesium derivative [Cs{PPh2 CH2 -C(N-Dipp)2 }]6 was obtained by cleavage of a diphenylphosphino moiety, forming an unusual six-membered ring structure in the solid state. All complexes were fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. Furthermore, the photoluminescent properties of the complexes were thoroughly investigated, revealing differences in emission with regards to the respective alkali metal. Interestingly, the hexanuclear [Cs{PPh2 CH2 -C(N-Dipp)2 }]6 metallocycle exhibits a blue emission in the solid state, which is significantly red-shifted at low temperatures. The bifunctional design of the ligand, featuring orthogonal donor atoms (N vs. P) and a high steric demand, is highly promising for the construction of advanced metal and main group complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Zovko
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christoph Schoo
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Thomas J. Feuerstein
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Nicolai D. Knöfel
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg. 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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3
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Camelio AM, Krasovskiy A, Bailey B, Davis A. Gram Scalable Method to Synthesize Biscarbodiimides and Asymmetric Monocarbodiimides: A Platform to Access an Array of Phosphaguanidines, Amidines, and Guanidines. J Org Chem 2021; 87:2022-2044. [PMID: 34661393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mild, broadly functional group tolerant methodology has been developed to access a variety of mono- and bis-carbodiimides in good yield and high purity on multigram scale. Direct addition into these versatile motifs facilitated the rapid synthesis of a library of novel amidinines, guanidines, and phosphaguandines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Camelio
- Dow, Core R&D - Chemical Science, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Arkady Krasovskiy
- Dow, Packaging & Specialty Plastics, 230 Abner Jackson Parkway, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Brad Bailey
- Dow, Core R&D - Chemical Science, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Anna Davis
- Dow, Performance Silicones, 2200 West Salzburg Road, Auburn, Michigan 48611, United States
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4
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Huke CD, Kays DL. Hydrofunctionalization reactions of heterocumulenes: Formation of C–X (X = B, N, O, P, S and Si) bonds by homogeneous metal catalysts. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Adhikari AK, Grell T, Lönnecke P, Hey‐Hawkins E. Basicity of
N
‐(Tetramesityltetraphosphacyclopentylidene)cyclohexylamine: An Unusual Diphospha(III)guanidine Derivative. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar Adhikari
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Toni Grell
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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6
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Schwamm RJ, Coles MP, Fitchett CM. Group 1 Complexes of an (Amido-amino)silane and Their Use in the Synthesis of the Bi(III) Amide, Bi(Me2Si{NAr}{N(H)Ar})Cl2 (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3). Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om5012227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Schwamm
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Martyn P. Coles
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christopher M. Fitchett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
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7
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Ma W, Xu L, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Half-sandwich rare-earth metal tris(alkyl) ate complexes catalyzed phosphaguanylation reaction of phosphines with carbodiimides: an efficient synthesis of phosphaguanidines. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01136a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Half-sandwich Y/Li ate complex displays better catalytic activity for phosphaguanylation reaction of phosphines with carbodiimides than the neutral yttrium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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8
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Mansfield NE, Coles MP, Hitchcock PB. Examining the stability of phospha(III)guanidines: Formation of a formamidinium:phosphinate ion-pair and an N-protonated phospha(III)guanidinium chloride. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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10
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Marchenko A, Koidan G, Hurieva A, Merkulov A, Pinchuk A, Yurchenko A, Kostyuk A. Convenient method for the synthesis of C-phosphorylated N-arylformamidines. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Barrett AGM, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Lomas SL, Mahon MF, Procopiou PA. Carbodiimide insertion reactions of homoleptic heavier alkaline earth amides and phosphides. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:7393-400. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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12
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Jin G, Jones C, Junk PC, Lippert KA, Rose RP, Stasch A. Synthesis and characterisation of bulky guanidines and phosphaguanidines: precursors for low oxidation state metallacycles. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b809120j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Rowley CN, Ong TG, Priem J, Richeson DS, Woo TK. Analysis of the Critical Step in Catalytic Carbodiimide Transformation: Proton Transfer from Amines, Phosphines, and Alkynes to Guanidinates, Phosphaguanidinates, and Propiolamidinates with Li and Al Catalysts. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:12024-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N. Rowley
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Tiow-Gan Ong
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Jessica Priem
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Darrin S. Richeson
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Tom K. Woo
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
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14
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Mansfield NE, Coles MP, Hitchcock PB. A Structural and Theoretical Study of the Thiophosphinite and Dithiophosphinate Anions. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500801968169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martyn P. Coles
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Sussex , Falmer , Brighton , UK
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Sussex , Falmer , Brighton , UK
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15
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Zhang WX, Nishiura M, Mashiko T, Hou Z. Half-Sandwicho-N,N-Dimethylaminobenzyl Complexes over the Full Size Range of Group 3 and Lanthanide Metals. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalysis of Phosphine PH Bond Addition to Carbodiimides. Chemistry 2008; 14:2167-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Grundy J, Mansfield NE, Coles MP, Hitchcock PB. Phosphaguanidines as Scaffolds for Multimetallic Complexes Containing Metal-Functionalized Phosphines. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:2258-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ic7024457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Grundy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | | | - Martyn P. Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
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17
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Crimmin MR, Barrett AGM, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Procopiou PA. Heavier Group 2 Element Catalyzed Hydrophosphination of Carbodiimides. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om7011198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
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18
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Zhang WX, Hou Z. Catalytic addition of alkyne C–H, amine N–H, and phosphine P–H bonds to carbodiimides: an efficient route to propiolamidines, guanidines, and phosphaguanidines. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1720-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b800135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Hunter AP, Lees AM, Platt AW. Synthesis, structures and mass spectrometry of lanthanide nitrate complexes with tricyclohexylphosphine oxide. Polyhedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2007.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Zhang WX, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Alkali-metal-catalyzed addition of primary and secondary phosphines to carbodiimides. A general and efficient route to substituted phosphaguanidines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:3812-4. [PMID: 16969466 DOI: 10.1039/b609198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organo alkali metal compounds such as (n)BuLi and (Me3Si)2NK act as excellent catalyst precursors for the addition of phosphine P-H bonds to carbodiimides, offering a general and atom-economical route to substituted phosphaguanidines, with excellent tolerability to aromatic C-Br and C-Cl bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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