1
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Xiao WJ, Li CX, Lv JY, Xu S, Shi WX, Su XC, Xue JY, Huang BQ, Zou Y, Yan M, Zhang XJ. Molecular Editing of Pyrroles to Benzenes/Naphthalenes by N 2O Deletion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202411166. [PMID: 39008335 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
A molecular editing reaction for converting pyrrole rings into benzene rings through a sequential pathway of Diels-Alder and cheletropic reactions was developed. The nitrogen atom in a N-bridged intermediate is eliminated in the form of N2O by a strain-releasing pathway, ultimately leading to the formation of substituted benzene and naphthalene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Cheng-Xin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing-Yi Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Xia Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Can Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Ying Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bao-Qin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue-Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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2
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Hashidoko A, Kitanosono T, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Water vs. Organic Solvents: Water-Controlled Divergent Reactivity of 2-Substituted Indoles. Chem Asian J 2024:e202301045. [PMID: 38217396 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Water is not a good solvent for most organic compounds, yet water can offer many benefits to some organic reactions, hence enriching organic chemistry. Herein, the unique divergent reactivity of 2-substituted indoles with ⋅NO sources is presented. The amount of water solvent was harnessed for a scalable, benign, and expedient synthesis of indolenine oximes, albeit with water's inability to dissolve the reactants. 2-Methoxyethyl nitrite, which has been tailored for reactions in water, empowered this protocol by enhancing the product selectivity. We further report on chemoselective transformations of the products that rely on their structural features. Our findings are expected to offer access to an underexplored chemical space. The platform is also applicable to oximinomalonate synthesis. Mechanistic studies revealed the important role of water in the reversal of stability between oxime and nitroso compounds, promoting the proton transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airu Hashidoko
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taku Kitanosono
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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3
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Brady B, Li W, Farooque N, Ehrhardt C, Meyerhoff ME, Wang X. S-Nitrosothiol-Impregnated Silicone Catheter for Colorimetric Sensing of Indole and E. coli: Toward On-Body Detection of Urinary Tract Infections. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1712-1719. [PMID: 35604028 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although there are many techniques to detect pathogenic bacteria, most of them are only suited for in vitro diagnostics. We report a urinary catheter-based colorimetric sensor for potential on-body detection of E. coli, the most prevalent bacterial species in urinary tract infections associated with the use of urinary catheters. In urine, indole is secreted by E. coli and reacts with a nitrosating agent incorporated in a silicone catheter. A red dimeric product, indoxyl red, is generated within silicone rubber to allow for color-based indole sensing with high sensitivity, linearity, and specificity. This reaction is initiated by the nitrosation reaction of indole at its C-3 position via reagents like sodium nitrite or S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine under aerobic conditions. The generated 3-nitrosoindole undergoes tautomerization, dimerization, and deoximation to form indoxyl red with high absorbance at 537 nm. In contrast to other indole sensors, the presented method can be applied in real catheters to detect indole and E. coli in biofluids such as urine. The is because (1) S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine, the nitrosating agent, can be impregnated into silicone elastomers, (2) indole from urine is extracted into silicone due to its hydrophobicity, and (3) the high acidity and oxygen solubility of silicone facilitates the sensing reaction within the silicone matrix. This silicone-based colorimetric sensor clearly differentiates E. coli below and above 105 CFU/mL, which is the threshold concentration of bacteriuria. We expect that early diagnosis of urinary tract infections using the naked eye is possible by functionalizing an exposed section of urinary catheters with the proposed molecular probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Brady
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Wuwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Nashwan Farooque
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Christopher Ehrhardt
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1015 Floyd Avenue, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Mark E. Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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4
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Saroay R, Roiban G, Alkhalaf LM, Challis GL. Expanding the Substrate Scope of Nitrating Cytochrome P450 TxtE by Active Site Engineering of a Reductase Fusion. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2262-2265. [PMID: 33851500 PMCID: PMC8359946 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic nitration reactions are a cornerstone of organic chemistry, but are challenging to scale due to corrosive reagents and elevated temperatures. The cytochrome P450 TxtE nitrates the indole 4-position of l-tryptophan at room temperature using NO, O2 and NADPH, and has potential to be developed into a useful aromatic nitration biocatalyst. However, its narrow substrate scope (requiring both the α-amino acid and indole functionalities) have hindered this. Screening of an R59 mutant library of a TxtE-reductase fusion protein identified a variant (R59C) that nitrates tryptamine, which is not accepted by native TxtE. This variant exhibits a broader substrate scope than the wild type enzyme and is able to nitrate a range of tryptamine analogues, with significant alterations to the aromatic and aminoethyl moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Saroay
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Gheorghe‐Doru Roiban
- Synthetic BiochemistryMedicinal Science & TechnologyGlaxoSmithKlineMedicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | | | - Gregory L. Challis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology CentreUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia
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5
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Shoberu A, Li CK, Qian HF, Zou JP. Copper-catalyzed, N-auxiliary group-controlled switchable transannulation/nitration initiated by nitro radicals: selective synthesis of pyridoquinazolones and 3-nitroindoles. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01141c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Within the scope of nitration reactions, the efficiency of sensitive heteroaromatics such as indoles is often eroded by various competitive oxidative decomposition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedamola Shoberu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Renai Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Cheng-Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Renai Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hai-Feng Qian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Renai Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Renai Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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6
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Shoberu A, Li C, Tao Z, Zhang G, Zou J. NaNO
2
/K
2
S
2
O
8
‐mediated Selective Radical Nitration/Nitrosation of Indoles: Efficient Approach to 3‐Nitro‐ and 3‐Nitrosoindoles. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adedamola Shoberu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow University 199 Renai Street, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng‐Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow University 199 Renai Street, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Ze‐Kun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow University 199 Renai Street, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow University 199 Renai Street, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐Ping Zou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow University 199 Renai Street, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People's Republic of China
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7
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Peng X, Zeng Y, Liu H, Xu X, Zhang M, Liu Q. From indoles to 3,3′-biindolin-2-ones: copper-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling of indoles. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed intermolecular oxidative homocoupling of indoles for the direct construction of valuable C3–C3 biindolyl scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China)
| | - Yong Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Children's Vascular Abnormal Diseases in Jiangxi Province
| | - Hai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xianyun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- Clinical Research Center for Children's Vascular Abnormal Diseases in Jiangxi Province
- Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Ministry of Education
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Children's Vascular Abnormal Diseases in Jiangxi Province
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8
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Cheng DJ, Shao YD. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Transformations Involving the Cyclic Imine Moiety in Indole and Isoindole Related Heterocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Juan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; Heze 274015 People's Republic of China
| | - You-Dong Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; Heze 274015 People's Republic of China
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9
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Chevalier A, Ouahrouch A, Arnaud A, Gallavardin T, Franck X. An optimized procedure for direct access to 1H-indazole-3-carboxaldehyde derivatives by nitrosation of indoles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13121-13128. [PMID: 35542511 PMCID: PMC9079728 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01546e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitrosation of indoles under slightly acidic conditions and reverse addition conditions leads to the preparation of the corresponding indazole-3-carboxaldehydes in high yields and greatly minimizes side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chevalier
- Normandie Univ
- CNRS
- UNIROUEN
- INSA Rouen
- COBRA (UMR 6014 and FR 3038)
| | | | - Alexandre Arnaud
- Normandie Univ
- CNRS
- UNIROUEN
- INSA Rouen
- COBRA (UMR 6014 and FR 3038)
| | | | - Xavier Franck
- Normandie Univ
- CNRS
- UNIROUEN
- INSA Rouen
- COBRA (UMR 6014 and FR 3038)
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10
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Rosadiuk KA, Bohle DS. Anhydrous Dinitrogen Trioxide Solutions for Brønsted Acid Free Nitrous Acid Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Scott Bohle
- Department of Chemistry McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
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11
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Liu XX, Luo XL, Wu ZY, Cui XF, Zhou XQ, He YQ, Huang GS. Oxidative Recyclization of 1H-Indoles for Synthesis of 2-Indolylbenzoxazinones via Cleavage of the C2–C3 Bond with AIBN under Air. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2107-2113. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin-Liang Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wu
- The Environmental
Protection Agency of Rudong Coastal Economic Development Zone, Nantong 226400, China
| | - Xin-Feng Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Qin He
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department
of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Yin B, Huang P, Lu Y, Liu L. TEMPO-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling route to 3,2′-biindolin-2-ones via an indolin-3-one intermediate. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A combinative C2 arylation and C3 carbonylation of free indoles using TEMPO catalysis and silver oxidant under non-directing group conditions was successful demonstrated. This new methodology is both atom and step efficient and is applicable to a broad scope of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- PR China
| | - Panpan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- PR China
| | - Yingbing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- PR China
| | - Liangxian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000
- PR China
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13
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Lai Y, Xu Z, Yan A. A novel regulatory circuit to control indole biosynthesis protectsEscherichia colifrom nitrosative damages during the anaerobic respiration of nitrate. Environ Microbiol 2016; 19:598-610. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lai
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zeling Xu
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR
| | - Aixin Yan
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR
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14
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Xiao M, Wu W, Wei L, Jin X, Yao X, Xie Z. Total synthesis of (−)-isatisine A via a biomimetic benzilic acid rearrangement. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Xue J, Bao Y, Qin W, Zhu J, Kong Y, Qu H, Chen Z, Liu L. Metal-Free–Catalyzed Oxidative Trimerization of Indoles Using NaNO2 to Construct Quaternary Carbon Centers: Synthesis of 2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2,3′-biindolin-3-ones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2014.891743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xue
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Yunhong Bao
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Wenbing Qin
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Yubo Kong
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Hongen Qu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
| | - Liangxian Liu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi , China
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16
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Bott TM, Atienza BJ, West FG. Azide trapping of metallocarbenes: generation of reactive C-acylimines and domino trapping with nucleophiles. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06044j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diazocarbonyl compounds react with pendent azides under copper catalysis to generate reactive C-acylimines that can be trapped with carbon π-nucleophiles in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M. Bott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - F. G. West
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton, Canada
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17
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Chang Q, Qu H, Qin W, Liu L, Chen Z. Methylsulfonic Acid Adsorbed on Silica Gel as a Solid Acid for Dimerization of Indoles: A Convenient Synthesis of 2,3′-Bi(3 H-indol)-3-one Oximes. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2012.751611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Chang
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , China
| | - Hongen Qu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , China
| | - Wenbing Qin
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , China
| | - Liangxian Liu
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , China
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou , China
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18
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Song J, Kitamatsu M, Imamura K, Ohmori H, Watanabe K, Nakanishi K. On the preparation of indoxyl red from indican and some new characteristics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:627-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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González A, Granell J, López C, Bosque R, Rodríguez L, Font-Bardia M, Calvet T, Solans X. Hemilabile and luminescent palladium(II) azo-2-phenylindole complexes. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Bao YH, Zhu JY, Qin WB, Kong YB, Chen ZW, Tang SB, Liu LX. Cu(ii)-catalyzed highly regio- and stereoselective construction of C–C double bonds: an efficient method for the ketonization–olefination of indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:7938-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41589a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Wu W, Xiao M, Wang J, Li Y, Xie Z. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (−)-Isatisine A. Org Lett 2012; 14:1624-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300379g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Xiao M, Horiyama T, Zhang Y, Li X, Nishino K, Yan A. The multidrug efflux pump MdtEF protects against nitrosative damage during the anaerobic respiration in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:26576-84. [PMID: 21642439 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.243261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug efflux represents an important protection mechanism in bacteria to withstand antibiotics and environmental toxic substances. Efflux genes constitute 6-18% of all transporters in bacterial genomes, yet the expression and functions of only a handful of them have been studied. Among the 20 efflux genes encoded in the Escherichia coli K-12 genome, only the AcrAB-TolC system is constitutively expressed. The expression, activities, and physiological functions of the remaining efflux genes are poorly understood. In this study we identified a dramatic up-regulation of an additional efflux pump, MdtEF, under the anaerobic growth condition of E. coli, which is independent of antibiotic exposure. We found that expression of MdtEF is up-regulated more than 20-fold under anaerobic conditions by the global transcription factor ArcA, resulting in increased efflux activity and enhanced drug tolerance in anaerobically grown E. coli. Cells lacking mdtEF display a significantly decreased survival rate under the condition of anaerobic respiration of nitrate. Deletion of the genes responsible for the biosynthesis of indole, tnaAB, or replacing nitrate with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor during the anaerobic respiration restores the decreased survival of ΔmdtEF cells. Moreover, ΔmdtEF cells are susceptible to indole nitrosative derivatives, a class of toxic byproducts formed and accumulated within E. coli when the bacterium respires nitrate under anaerobic conditions. Taken together, we conclude that the multidrug efflux pump MdtEF is up-regulated during the anaerobic physiology of E. coli to protect the bacterium from nitrosative damage through expelling the nitrosyl indole derivatives out of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
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Shiri M, Zolfigol MA, Kruger HG, Tanbakouchian Z. Advances in the application of N2O4/NO2 in organic reactions. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Alberti A, Astolfi P, Campredon M, Greci L, Guerra M, Macciantelli D, Plescia E. The reaction of spiro[indoline-naphthopyrans] with nitrogen oxides. Not a case of biradical double trapping. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:25-37. [PMID: 19890941 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of six differently substituted photochromic spiro[indoline-naphtopyrans] with .NO or .NO(2) under normal daylight conditions have been investigated by means of EPR spectroscopy along with those of three structurally related spiro[indoline-benzopyrans]. The spectra due to cyclic oxynitroxides originating from double trapping of biradicals by .NO were observed with the three latter derivatives, this finding being in agreement with previous results. Similar signals were also observed with the six former compounds, but in this case they were responsible for just a minor component of the spectra, the main spectral signals being due to hitherto unreported paramagnetic species that on the basis of their spectral parameters are identified as iminoxy radicals. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level carried out on a variety of radicals support this assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Alberti
- CNR-ISOF, Area della Ricerca di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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Production of 3-nitrosoindole derivatives by Escherichia coli during anaerobic growth. J Bacteriol 2009; 191:5369-76. [PMID: 19561128 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00586-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When Escherichia coli K-12 is grown anaerobically in medium containing tryptophan and sodium nitrate, it produces red compounds. The reaction requires functional genes for trytophanase (tnaA), a tryptophan permease (tnaB), and a nitrate reductase (narG), as well as a natural drop in the pH of the culture. Mass spectrometry revealed that the purified chromophores had mass/charge ratios that closely match those for indole red, indoxyl red, and an indole trimer. These compounds are known products of chemical reactions between indole and nitrous acid. They are derived from an initial reaction of 3-nitrosoindole with indole. Apparently, nitrite that is produced from the metabolic reduction of nitrate is converted in the acid medium to nitrous acid, which leads to the nitrosation of the indole that is generated by tryptophanase. An nfi (endonuclease V) mutant and a recA mutant were selectively killed during the period of chromophore production, and a uvrA strain displayed reduced growth. These effects depended on the addition of nitrate to the medium and on tryptophanase activity in the cells. Unexpectedly, the killing of a tnaA(+) nfi mutant was not accompanied by marked increases in mutation frequencies for several traits tested. The vulnerability of three DNA repair mutants indicates that a nitrosoindole or a derivative of a nitrosoindole produces lethal DNA damage.
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