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Nishimura T, Sakurai T, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Iron hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin: synthesis, structure and catalytic use for direct oxidation of sp 3 C-H bonds. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6343-6348. [PMID: 33885703 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00893e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin was synthesized through the cross-coupling reaction of tetrabromodiazaporphyrin. The use of chloroiron(iii) hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin as a catalyst for oxidation of cyclooctane showed high performance with a total TON up to 731. The introduction of bulky mesityl groups at β-positions prevented the catalyst deactivation via formation of a μ-oxo dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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Nishimura T, Ikeue T, Shoji O, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Iron(III) 5,15-Diazaporphyrin Catalysts for the Direct Oxidation of C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15751-15756. [PMID: 33131277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
5,15-Diazaporphyrins are porphyrin analogues with imine-type sp2-hybridized nitrogen atoms at the meso-positions. Even though these compounds are more electron-deficient than regular porphyrins, the use of iron diazaporphyrins as catalysts has not been reported. Herein, we disclose the synthesis, structure, and electronic properties of iron(III) 5,15-diazaporphyrins. We evaluate their structures and electronic natures by X-ray analysis and electrochemical analyses. We also demonstrate that chloroiron(III) 5,15-diazaporphyrins exhibit high catalytic activity in the direct oxidation of alkanes due to their intrinsic electron-deficient nature. On the basis of stoichiometric reactions of iron(III) diazaporphyrin with iodosylbenzene as an oxidant, it was possible to demonstrate the existence of an iodosylbenzene-iron diazaporphyrin adduct reaction intermediate that serves as a reservoir to generate oxo-iron species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8540, Japan
| | - Osami Shoji
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Fathi-Rasekh M, Rohde GT, Hart MD, Nakakita T, Zatsikha YV, Valiev RR, Barybin MV, Nemykin VN. Positional Isomers of Isocyanoazulenes as Axial Ligands Coordinated to Ruthenium(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin: Fine-Tuning Redox and Optical Profiles. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9316-9325. [PMID: 31240923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two isomeric ruthenium(II)/5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin complexes featuring axially coordinated redox-active, low-optical gap 2- or 6-isocyanoazulene ligands have been isolated and characterized by NMR, UV-vis, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopic methods, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The UV-vis and MCD spectra support the presence of the low-energy, azulene-centered transitions in the Q band region of the porphyrin chromophore. The first coordination sphere in new L2RuTPP complexes reflects compressed tetragonal geometry. The redox properties of the new compounds were assessed by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical means and correlated with the electronic structures predicted by density functional theory and CASSCF calculations. Both experimental and theoretical data are consistent with the first two reduction processes involving the axial azulenic ligands, whereas the oxidation profile (in the direction of increasing potential) is exerted by the ruthenium ion, the porphyrin core, and the axial azulenic moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Fathi-Rasekh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Minnesota Duluth , 1039 University Drive , Duluth , Minnesota 55812 , United States
| | | | - Mason D Hart
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , 1567 Irving Hill Road , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Toshinori Nakakita
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , 1567 Irving Hill Road , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Yuriy V Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry , University of Manitoba , 144 Dysart Road , Winnipeg , MB R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - Rashid R Valiev
- Tomsk State University , 36, Lenin Avenue , 634050 Tomsk , Russia.,University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Mikhail V Barybin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , 1567 Irving Hill Road , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Minnesota Duluth , 1039 University Drive , Duluth , Minnesota 55812 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Manitoba , 144 Dysart Road , Winnipeg , MB R3T 2N2 , Canada
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Nishimura T, Miyake Y, Shinokubo H. Synthesis, Properties, and Reactivities of Ruthenium(II) Carbonyl 5,15-Diazaporphyrins. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Yamaji A, Tsurugi H, Miyake Y, Mashima K, Shinokubo H. Chemo- and Regioselective Reduction of 5,15-Diazaporphyrins Providing Antiaromatic Azaporphyrinoids. Chemistry 2016; 22:3956-61. [PMID: 26762221 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Reagent-controlled chemo- and regioselective reduction of 5,15-diazaporphyrins has been developed. The selective reduction of carbon-carbon double bonds of diazaporphyrins provides 18 π aromatic isobacteriochlorin-type products, whereas the reduction of carbon-nitrogen double bonds leads to selective formation of 20 π N,N'-dihydrodiazaporphyrins in excellent yields. The distinct antiaromatic character of N,N'-dihydrodiazaporphyrins has been revealed. The free-base N,N'-dihydrodiazaporphyrin exhibits slower inner NH tautomerism than that in the corresponding 18 π porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yamaji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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Ikezaki A, Ono J, Ohgo Y, Fukagawa M, Ikeue T, Nakamura M. Electronic structure of low-spin six-coordinate iron(III) meso-tetrapropylchlorin complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Low-spin iron(III) tetrapropylchlorins [ Fe ( T n PrC ) L 2]± (L = HIm, 1-MeIm, DMAP, CN-, 4-CNPy, tBuNC) adopt the dxy-type ground state regardless of the nature of axial ligands. Among the complexes examined, [ Fe ( T n PrC )( t BuNC )2]+ has shown quite unique spectroscopic properties as described below. (1) 1 H NMR signals were extremely broad as compared with those of other complexes. In particular, 5,20- CH 2(α) signal was too broad to detect. (2) No signals except C γ were observed in 13 C NMR spectra. (3) Tetragonal splitting parameter (|Δ|) estimated by the EPR g values at 4.2 K reached as much as 12.4 λ, which is the largest |Δ| value among all the low-spin iron(III) porphyrins and porphyrinoids reported previously. On the basis of these results, we have concluded that [ Fe ( T n PrC )( t BuNC )2]+ adopts the low-spin iron(III) with (dxz, dyz)4(dxy)1 electronic ground state at 4.2–30 K where the EPR spectra are taken, while it should be expressed as the low-spin Fe ( II ) chlorin π-radical cation [ Fe II ( T n PrC .)( t BuNC )2]+ at ambient temperature where the NMR spectra are taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ikezaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Jyunpei Ono
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohgo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Mari Fukagawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Material Science, Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
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Ohgo Y, Takahashi M, Neya S, Nakamura M, Takahashi K, Namatame Y, Konaka H, Mori H, Hashizume D. A less common spin-crossover process observed in the six-coordinated model heme complexes. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Matano Y, Shibano T, Nakano H, Kimura Y, Imahori H. Free Base and Metal Complexes of 5,15-Diaza-10,20-dimesitylporphyrins: Synthesis, Structures, Optical and Electrochemical Properties, and Aromaticities. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12879-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301835c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tarou Shibano
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Sciences, Kyushu University,
Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kimura
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience and Applied
Chemistry, Hosei University, Tokyo 184-8584,
Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Institute for Integrated
Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Matano Y, Shibano T, Nakano H, Imahori H. Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of β-Unsubstituted 5,15-Diazaporphyrins and Pyridazine-Fused Diazacorrinoids: Metal-Template Syntheses and Peripheral Functionalizations. Chemistry 2012; 18:6208-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ohgo Y, Neya S, Hashizume D, Ozeki T, Nakamura M. Unusual electronic structure of bis-isocyanide complexes of iron(iii) porphyrinoids. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:3126-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stuzhin PA, Ul-Haq A, Nefedov SE, Kumeev RS, Koifman OI. Synthesis and Study of the Binuclear μ-Oxodiiron(III) Complexes of 5-Monoaza- and 5,15-Diaza-Substituted β-Octaalkylporphyrins. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rajapandian V, Subramanian V. Calculations on the Structure and Spectral Properties of Cytochrome c551 Using DFT and ONIOM Methods. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:2866-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110983v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Rajapandian
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - V. Subramanian
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Tozuka A, Ohgo Y, Ikezaki A, Taniguchi M, Nakamura M. Electronic structure of highly ruffled low-spin iron(III) porphyrinates with electron withdrawing heptafluoropropyl groups at the meso positions. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10400-8. [PMID: 20942414 DOI: 10.1021/ic101184y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bis(pyridine)[meso-tetrakis(heptafluoropropyl)porphyrinato]iron(III), [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+), was reported to be the low-spin complex that adopts the purest (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state where the energy gap between the iron d(xy) and d(π)(d(xz), d(yz)) orbitals is larger than the corresponding energy gaps of any other complexes reported previously (Moore, K. T.; Fletcher, J. T.; Therien, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 5196-5209). Although the highly ruffled porphyrin core expected for this complex contributes to the stabilization of the (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state, the strongly electron withdrawing C(3)F(7) groups at the meso positions should stabilize the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Thus, we have reexamined the electronic structure of [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+) by means of (1)H NMR, (19)F NMR, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The CD(2)Cl(2) solution of [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+) shows the pyrrole-H signal at -10.25 ppm (298 K) in (1)H NMR, the CF(2)(α) signal at -74.6 ppm (298 K) in (19)F NMR, and the large g(max) type signal at g = 3.16 (4.2 K) in the EPR. Thus, contrary to the previous report, the complex is unambiguously shown to adopt the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Comparison of the spectroscopic data of a series of [Fe(THFPrP)L(2)](+) with those of the corresponding meso-tetrapropylporphyrin complexes [Fe(TPrP)L(2)](+) with various axial ligands (L) has shown that the meso-C(3)F(7) groups stabilize the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Therefore, it is clear that the less common (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state can be stabilized by the three major factors: (i) axial ligand with low-lying π* orbitals, (ii) ruffled porphyrin ring, and (iii) electron donating substituent at the meso position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tozuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
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Stuzhin PA, Nefedov SE, Kumeev RS, Ul-Haq A, Minin VV, Ivanova SS. Effects of Solvation on the Spin State of Iron(III) in 2,8,12,18-Tetrabutyl-3,7,13,17-tetramethyl-5,10-diazaporphyrinatoiron(III) Chloride. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:4802-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9012075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Stuzhin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Sergei E. Nefedov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninskij Pr-t, 31, RF-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman S. Kumeev
- Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, ul. Akademicheskaja, 1, RF-153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Anwar Ul-Haq
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Vadim V. Minin
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninskij Pr-t, 31, RF-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Ivanova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
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Ikezaki A, Ohgo Y, Nakamura M. NMR studies on the electronic structure of one-electron oxidized complexes of iron(III) porphyrinates. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Eguchi H, Ohgo Y, Ikezaki A, Neya S, Nakamura M. Bis(1-methylimidazole) Complex of Iron(III) Oxypyriporphyrin Adopting an Intermediate-spin State. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Nakamura M, Ohgo Y, Ikezaki A. Electronic ground states of low-spin iron(III) porphyrinoids. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:433-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2007] [Revised: 09/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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