1
|
Functional modification, self-assembly and application of calix[4]resorcinarenes. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01119-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
2
|
Liu JL, Zhang BB, Jia AQ, Xin ZF, Zhang QF. Functionalized resorcinarene as organic template for preparation of gold nanoparticles. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-020-01030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
3
|
Machado dos Santos F, Edivirges Alvarenga M, Valdo AKSM, Rabelo R, Cangussu de Castro Gomes D, de Fátima Â, Vinicius Costa Lara T, da Silva CM, Tasso TT, Neto JHA, Batista AA, Ayala AP, Ellena JA, Ferraz Guimarães V, Maria Alves Oliveira C, da Silva LC, Gontijo Vaz B, Terra Martins F. A giant hybrid organic–inorganic octahedron from a narrow rim carboxylate calixarene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15024-15027. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07043b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we discovered an unprecedented giant octahedral coordination compound bearing 16 Zn2+, 12 Na+, 8 O2−, 4 OH−, 13 H2O and 6 L4− ligands [L4− = fully deprotonated tetra(carboxymethoxy)calix[4]arene].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renato Rabelo
- Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol)
- University of Valencia
- Paterna 46980
- Spain
| | | | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Behboodi-Sadabad F, Trouillet V, Welle A, Messersmith PB, Levkin PA. Surface Functionalization and Patterning by Multifunctional Resorcinarenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39268-39278. [PMID: 30335364 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant phenolic compounds and catecholamines have been widely used to obtain substrate-independent precursor nanocoatings and adhesives. Nevertheless, there are downsides in using such phenolic compounds for surface modification such as formation of nonuniform coatings, need for multistep modification, and restricted possibilities for postfunctionalization. In this study, inspired by a strong binding ability of natural polyphenols found in plants, we used three different macrocyclic polyphenols, known as resorcin[4]arenes, to modify the surface of different substrates by simple dip-coating into the dilute solution of these compounds. Eight hydroxyl groups on the large rim of these resorcin[4]arenes provide multiple anchoring points to the surface, whereas the lower rim decorated with different appending groups introduces the desired chemical and physical functionalities to the substrate's surface. Deposition of a uniform and transparent resorcinarene layer on the surface was confirmed by several surface characterization techniques. Incubation of the modified substrates in different environments indicated that the stability of the resorcinarene layer was dependent on the type of substrate and the pH value. The most stable resorcinarene layer was formed on amine-functionalized substrates. The surface was modified with alkenyl functional groups in one step using a resorcinarene compound possessing four alkenyl appending groups on its small rim. Thiol-ene photoclick chemistry was used to site-selectively postfunctionalize the surface with hydrophilic and hydrophobic micropatterns, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Thus, we demonstrate that resorcin[4]arenes extend the scope of applications of plant polyphenol and mussel-inspired precursors to tailor-made multifunctional nanocoatings, suitable for a variety of potential applications in biotechnology, biology, and material science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Behboodi-Sadabad
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | | | | | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Bioengineering , University of California Berkeley , 94720 Berkeley , United States
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mahadevan K, Patthipati VS, Han S, Swanson RJ, Whelan EC, Osgood C, Balasubramanian R. Highly fluorescent resorcinarene cavitand nanocapsules with efficient renal clearance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:335101. [PMID: 27378394 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/33/335101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial based imaging approaches hold substantial promise in addressing current diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. One of the key requirements for the successful clinical translation of nanomaterials is their complete clearance from the body within a reasonable time period preferably via the renal filtration route. This article describes the synthesis of highly fluorescent, water soluble, resorcinarene cavitand nanocapsules and demonstrates their effective renal clearance in mice. The synthesis and functionalization of nanocapsules was accomplished in a one-pot operation via thiol-ene reactions without involving self-assembly, sacrificial templates or emulsions. Water soluble resorcinarene cavitand nanocapsules obtained by this approach were covalently functionalized with Alexa Fluor 750. Highly fluorescent nanocapsules with hydrodynamic diameters of 122 nm and 68 nm and extinction coefficients of 1.3 × 10(9) M(-1) cm(-1) and 1.5 × 10(8) M(-1) cm(-1) respectively were prepared by varying the reaction conditions. The in vivo biodistribution and clearance of these nanocapsules in mice followed by whole-body fluorescence imaging showed that they were both cleared renally within a few hours. Given the inherent encapsulation capabilities of nanocapsules, the renal clearance demonstrated in this work opens up new opportunities for their theranostic applications especially for targeting and treating the urinary tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Mahadevan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University,4541 Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai Y, Xing H, Wu P, Feng X, Hwang K, Lee JM, Phang XY, Lu Y, Zimmerman SC. Chemical Control over Cellular Uptake of Organic Nanoparticles by Fine Tuning Surface Functional Groups. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10227-36. [PMID: 26327513 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The functional groups displayed on the surface of nanoparticles (NP) are known to play an important role in NP cellular uptake. However, only a few systematic studies have been reported to address their role, in large part because of the difficulty in regularly varying the number and structure of the functional groups on the NP surface. We employ a bottom-up strategy for the synthesis of water-soluble organic nanoparticles (ONPs) with different sizes and functional groups, using readily available monomers. Utilizing flow cytometry, we measured the HeLa cell uptake efficiency of ONPs that contain side-chains with a different (a) length, (b) number of hydroxyl groups, and (c) number of methyl groups. We have also investigated ONPs with the same functional groups but different sizes. The potential formation and influence of protein corona was examined using the same approach but in the presence of serum. The results demonstrate that under both serum and serum-free conditions the surface-exposed functional groups determine the efficiency of cellular uptake of the particles, and that the trend can be partially predicted by the lipophilicity of the polymeric ONP's repeating units. Also, by using a "masking" strategy, these particles' cellular uptake behavior could be altered conveniently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hang Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kevin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jennifer M Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xin Yi Phang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Steven C Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tong M, Yu J, Song J, Qi R. Preparation and properties of polystyrene-γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane copolymer/zirconia nanohybrid materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkang Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Dongchuan Road 800; Shanghai; 200240; China
| | - Juan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Dongchuan Road 800; Shanghai; 200240; China
| | - Jianzhi Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Dongchuan Road 800; Shanghai; 200240; China
| | - Rongrong Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Dongchuan Road 800; Shanghai; 200240; China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shiomi T, Nakahodo T, Fujihara H. Enhanced Catalytic Activity in Suzuki–Miyaura Couplings by Shell Crosslinked Pd Nanoparticles from Alkene-terminated Phosphine Dendron-stabilized Pd Nanoparticles. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
9
|
Synchronous One-Pot (SOP) synthesis of hybrid structures: Metal nanoparticles in self-assemblies of amphiphilic calix[6]biscrowns. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 383:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
10
|
Pansuriya PB, Friedrich HB, Maguire GEM. 4,10,16,22-Tetra-kis(2-chloro-acet-oxy)-6,12,18,24-tetra-meth-oxy-2,8,14,20-tetra-pentyl-resorcin[4]arene. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o2907. [PMID: 22219941 PMCID: PMC3247323 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681103916x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C60H76Cl4O12, has a macrocyclic structure and both the upper and lower rim have disordered atoms. There are no hydrogen bonds or π–π stacking interactions in the crystal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod B Pansuriya
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Perrier T, Saulnier P, Benoît JP. Methods for the Functionalisation of Nanoparticles: New Insights and Perspectives. Chemistry 2010; 16:11516-29. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
13
|
Sun Y, Yao Y, Yan CG, Han Y, Shen M. Selective decoration of metal nanoparticles inside or outside of organic microstructures via self-assembly of resorcinarene. ACS NANO 2010; 4:2129-2141. [PMID: 20235516 DOI: 10.1021/nn901412n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A facile template method was described for the decoration of organic microtubes with various nanoparticles (NPs), which was achieved in a straightforward "mix" process in the presence of templates and resorcinarene-functionalized nanoparticles (AuNPs, AgNPs, PtNPs, and PdNPs). A combination of UV-visible spectra and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements, contact angle experiment, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used for analysis. Interestingly, it was found that NPs could be encapsulated into the microtubes during the process of resorcinarene self-assembly. As a model system, AuNP-loaded microtubes were investigated and discussed, and loaded nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were observed. Furthermore, AuNP-decorated microsheets could also be obtained by the assembly of resorcinarene with hydrazide groups. Remarkably, it was also observed that the incorporated NPs could be redispersed by treating the NP-loaded microtubes, which made it possible to realize the uptake and release of given nanoparticles. This procedure was scalable to diverse resorcinarene-based self-assemblies and applicable to various metal nanoparticles that decorate by resorcinarenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vericat C, Vela ME, Benitez G, Carro P, Salvarezza RC. Self-assembled monolayers of thiols and dithiols on gold: new challenges for a well-known system. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:1805-34. [PMID: 20419220 DOI: 10.1039/b907301a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 780] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols and dialkanethiols on gold are key elements for building many systems and devices with applications in the wide field of nanotechnology. Despite the progress made in the knowledge of these fascinating two-dimensional molecular systems, there are still several "hot topics" that deserve special attention in order to understand and to control their physical and chemistry properties at the molecular level. This critical review focuses on some of these topics, including the nature of the molecule-gold interface, whose chemistry and structure remain elusive, the self-assembly process on planar and irregular surfaces, and on nanometre-sized objects, and the chemical reactivity and thermal stability of these systems in ambient and aqueous solutions, an issue which seriously limits their technological applications (375 references).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Vericat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricasy Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Sucursal 4 Casilla de Correo 16, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Balasubramanian R, Kalaitzis ZM, Cao W. Solvent dependent morphologies in thiol-ene photopolymerization: A facile route to the synthesis of resorcinarene nanocapsules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the Year 2007. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
17
|
Ha JM, Solovyov A, Katz A. Postsynthetic modification of gold nanoparticles with calix[4]arene enantiomers: origin of chiral surface plasmon resonance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:153-158. [PMID: 19072069 DOI: 10.1021/la802665t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles postsynthetically modified with chiral 1,3-disubstituted diamino calix[4]arene ligands 2a and 2b are shown to exhibit a circular dichroism (CD)-active surface plasmon resonance absorption (SPR) band. Electronic communication between adsorbed ligand and the gold nanoparticle surface is evidenced in an almost 10-fold increase in the ligand molar ellipticity in the pi-pi* transition spectral range when bound to the gold surface relative to free solution. The footprint of ligand on the gold nanoparticle surface at saturation is measured to be 91 A(2) via monitoring the red shift in the SPR band accompanying ligand adsorption. At ligand concentrations above that required for surface saturation, the ellipticity of the band in the SPR spectral range plateaus to a constant value, whereas the ellipticity of the band in the pi-pi* transition spectral range continues to increase in a manner that corresponds to free ligand in solution. This critical observation correlates ligand adsorption and the onset of the CD-active SPR band. On the basis of the packing characteristics of the bulky calixarene ligand, which are controlled by achiral tert-butyl groups, and the postsynthetic nature of nanoaprticle surface modification of 4.7 nm gold cores used in this study, which precludes synthesis of chiral arrangements of gold atoms, a mechanism responsible for the CD-active SPR bands is proposed, which is based upon the influence of the asymmetric center of the chiral adsorbate on the electronic states of the metal nanoparticle core-an explanation supported by the observed interactions between the gold surface and adsorbed ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Myeong Ha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Genorio B, He T, Meden A, Polanc S, Jamnik J, Tour JM. Synthesis and self-assembly of thio derivatives of calix[4]arene on noble metal surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11523-11532. [PMID: 18816014 DOI: 10.1021/la802197u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) provide a simple route to functionalize electrode surfaces with organic molecules. Herein we use cavity-containing derivatives of calix[4]arenes in SAMs. Bound to noble metal surface, the assembled molecules are candidates to serve as molecular sieves for H 2 molecules and H (+) ions, which could have relevance for fuel cell applications. Tetra- O-alkylated calix[4]arenes with thiolacetate and thiolamide wide-rim anchoring groups in cone and partial-cone conformations were designed, synthesized and self-assembled onto Au, Pt, and Pd surfaces. The resulting SAMs were systematically examined. Single crystal X-ray diffraction of 5,11,17,23-tetrakis(thioacetyl)-25,26,27,28-tetra- i-propoxycalix[4]arene confirmed the cone conformation and revealed the cavity dimensions of the SAMs that were formed by immersing noble metal substrates (Au, Pt and Pd deposited on Si-wafers) in solutions of calix[4]arenes. Surface characterization techniques including ellipsometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used, indicating that the metal surface is terminated with a monomolecular layer. Experimental thicknesses obtained from the ellipsometry are consistent with the calculated values. CV results showed 50 to 80% physical passivation against the Fe(CN) 6 (3-/4-) couple, implying an overall relatively low concentration of defects and pinholes in the films. The binding energies of the S2p core level in the XPS were consistent with the literature values and revealed that up to 3.2 out of four anchoring groups were bonded to the noble metal surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bostjan Genorio
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS-222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- YuanQiao Rao
- Eastman Kodak Company, 1999 Lake Avenue, Rochester, New York 14650-2109
| | - Samuel Chen
- Eastman Kodak Company, 1999 Lake Avenue, Rochester, New York 14650-2109
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hansen MN, Chang LS, Wei A. Resorcinarene-Encapsulated Gold Nanorods: Solvatochromatism and Magnetic Nanoshell Formation. Supramol Chem 2008; 20:35-40. [PMID: 19180251 PMCID: PMC2632588 DOI: 10.1080/10610270701647927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) were encapsulated and dispersed into organic solvents by tetrabenzylthiol resorcinarene (TBTR) and by a poly(dithiocarbamate) derived from tetra- N-methyl(aminomethyl)resorcinarene (TMAR-DTC), formed by the in situ condensation of TMAR with carbon disulfide. The latter proved to be highly effective at enabling the redispersion of GNRs in various organic solvents. GNRs encapsulated in TMAR-DTC exhibited a strong solvatochromic response, with a refractive index sensitivity of over 300 nm/RIU. The resorcinarene-encapsulated GNRs could withstand high temperatures for a short period of time, and could be used to nucleate the growth of magnetic nanoshells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling-Shao Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Alexander Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Parulekar SN, Muppalla K, Fronczek FR, Bisht KS. Synthesis of resorcin[4]arene cavitands by ring-closing metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:4901-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b712981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|