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Peng X, Lu C, Liu Z, Lu D. The synergistic mechanisms of apo-ferritin structural transitions and Au(iii) ion transportation: molecular dynamics simulations with the Markov state model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17158-17165. [PMID: 34318824 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01828k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to its unique structure, recent years have witnessed the use of apo-ferritin to accumulate various non-natural metal ions as a scaffold for nanomaterial synthesis. However, the transport mechanism of metal ions into the cavity of apo-ferritin is still unclear, limiting the rational design and controllable preparation of nanomaterials. Here, we conducted all-atom classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with Markov state models (MSMs) to explore the transportation behavior of Au(iii) ions. We exhibited the complete transportation paths of Au(iii) from solution into the apo-ferritin cage at the atomic level. We also revealed that the transportation of Au(iii) ions is accompanied by coupled protein structural changes. It is shown that the 3-fold axis channel serves as the only entrance with the longest residence time of Au(iii) ions. Besides, there are eight binding clusters and five 3-fold structural metastable states, which are important during Au(iii) transportation. The conformational changes of His118, Asp127, and Glu130, acting as doors, were observed to highly correlate with the Au(iii) ion's position. The MSM analysis and Potential Mean Force (PMF) calculation suggest a remarkable energy barrier near Glu130, making it the rate-limiting step of the whole process. The dominant transportation pathway is from cluster 3 in the 3-fold channel to the inner cavity to cluster 5 on the inner surface, and then to cluster 6. These findings provide inspiration and theoretical guidance for the further rational design and preparation of new nanomaterials using apo-ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Peng
- State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Science and Technology; Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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2
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Kim S, Muhammad R, Schuetzenduebe P, Kalidindi SB, Schütz G, Oh H, Son K. Hybrids of Pd Nanoparticles and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Magnetism. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4742-4748. [PMID: 33983024 PMCID: PMC8279731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonmagnetic Pd exhibits ferromagnetism in the nanosize regime. Various stabilization agents, including surfactants, metal oxide supports, polymers, and porous materials (e.g., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)), have been employed to prevent the agglomeration of metal nanoparticles. However, magnetic properties are greatly affected by the structural and electronic changes imposed by these stabilizing agents. In particular, metal-MOF hybrids (NPs@MOFs) have reduced magnetic properties, as reported by several authors. Herein, we report the enhancement in magnetic properties resulting from the combination of magnetic Pd NPs with UiO-66(Hf), which exhibits ferromagnetism, and the corresponding modifications in the hybridized structures. These hybridized structures are found to be strongly ferromagnetic, showing high magnetization and coercivity. We observed that the magnetic property is enhanced by 2 to 3 times upon including the Pd NPs on the surface of a UiO-66(Hf) shell support. For a fundamental understanding, the magnetization (M-H data) of the hybridized structure is analyzed with a modified Langevin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhwan Kim
- Department
of Energy Engineering, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Raeesh Muhammad
- Department
of Energy Engineering, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Suresh Babu Kalidindi
- Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry Department, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India
| | - Gisela Schütz
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
| | - Hyunchul Oh
- Department
of Energy Engineering, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
- Future
Convergence Technology Research Institute, Jinju 52725, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kwanghyo Son
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
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3
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Zhang JT, Ma J, Kankala RK, Yu Q, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Recent Advances in Fabrication of Well-Organized Protein-Based Nanostructures. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4039-4048. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Ma
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People’s Republic of China
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Maity B, Hishikawa Y, Lu D, Ueno T. Recent progresses in the accumulation of metal ions into the apo-ferritin cage: Experimental and theoretical perspectives. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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5
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Sadjadi S, Heravi MM. Pd(0) encapsulated nanocatalysts as superior catalytic systems for Pd-catalyzed organic transformations. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, Pd(0) nanoparticles have attracted increasing attention due to their outstanding utility as nanocatalysts in a wide variety of key chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sadjadi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - M. M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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6
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Jutz G, van Rijn P, Santos Miranda B, Böker A. Ferritin: a versatile building block for bionanotechnology. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1653-701. [PMID: 25683244 DOI: 10.1021/cr400011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Günther Jutz
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V., Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Materialien und Oberflächen, RWTH Aachen University , Forckenbeckstrasse 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Sharma S, Kim B, Lee D. Water-soluble Pd nanoparticles capped with glutathione: synthesis, characterization, and magnetic properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:15958-15965. [PMID: 23092154 DOI: 10.1021/la303326u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and magnetic properties of water-soluble Pd nanoparticles capped with glutathione are described. The glutathione-capped Pd nanoparticles were synthesized under argon and air atmospheres at room temperature. Whereas the former exhibits a bulklike lattice parameter, the lattice parameter of the latter is found to be considerably greater, indicating anomalous lattice expansion. Comparative structural and compositional studies of these nanoparticles suggest the presence of oxygen in the core lattice when Pd nanoparticles are prepared under an air atmosphere. Both Pd nanoparticles prepared under argon and air show ferromagnetism at 5 K, but the latter exhibits significantly greater coercivity (88 Oe) and magnetization (0.09 emu/g at 50 kOe). The enhanced ferromagnetic properties are explained by the electronic effect of the incorporated oxygen that increases the 4d density of holes at the Pd site and localizes magnetic moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachil Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Valero E, Tambalo S, Marzola P, Ortega-Muñoz M, López-Jaramillo FJ, Santoyo-González F, de Dios López J, Delgado JJ, Calvino JJ, Cuesta R, Domínguez-Vera JM, Gálvez N. Magnetic nanoparticles--templated assembly of protein subunits: a new platform for carbohydrate-based MRI nanoprobes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4889-95. [PMID: 21384882 DOI: 10.1021/ja110014p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for the preparation of carbohydrate-coated magnetic nanoparticles is reported. In a first step, we show that the pH-driven assembly-disassembly natural process that occurs in apoferritin protein is effective for the encapsulation of maghemite nanoparticles of different sizes: 4 and 6 nm. In a second step, we demonstrate that the presence of functional amine groups in the outer shell of apoferritin allows functionalization with two carbohydrates, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and d-mannose. High-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), high angle annular dark field scanning electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and SQUID technique have been used to characterize the magnetic samples, termed herein Apomaghemites. The in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies showed the efficiency in contrasting images for these samples; that is, the r(2) NMR relaxivities are comparable with Endorem (a commercial superparamagnetic MRI contrast agent). The r(2) relaxivity values as well as the pre-contrast and post-contrast T(2)*-weighted images suggested that our systems could be used as perspective superparamagnetic contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The carbohydrate-functionalized Apomaghemite nanoparticles retained their recognition abilities, as demonstrated by the strong affinity with their corresponding carbohydrate-binding lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Valero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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9
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Zhang Y, Tang Z, Wang J, Wu H, Lin CT, Lin Y. Apoferritin nanoparticle: a novel and biocompatible carrier for enzyme immobilization with enhanced activity and stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Martínez-Pérez MJ, de Miguel R, Carbonera C, Martínez-Júlvez M, Lostao A, Piquer C, Gómez-Moreno C, Bartolomé J, Luis F. Size-dependent properties of magnetoferritin. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:465707. [PMID: 20975213 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/46/465707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a detailed experimental study of maghemite nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 1.6 to 6 nm, synthesized inside a biological mould of apoferritin. The structural characterization of the inorganic cores, using TEM and x-ray diffraction, reveals a low degree of crystalline order, possibly arising from the nucleation and growth of multiple domains inside each molecule. We have also investigated the molecular structure by means of atomic force microscopy in liquid. We find that the synthesis of nanoparticles inside apoferritin leads to a small, but measurable, decrease in the external diameter of the protein, probably associated with conformational changes. The magnetic response of the maghemite cores has been studied by a combination of techniques, including ac susceptibility, dc magnetization and Mössbauer spectroscopy. From the equilibrium magnetic response, we have determined the distribution of magnetic moments per molecule. The results show highly reduced magnetic moments. This effect cannot be ascribed solely to the canting of spins located at the particle surface but, instead, it suggests that magnetoferritin cores have a highly disordered magnetic structure in which the contributions of different domains compensate each other. Finally, we have also determined, for each sample, the distribution of the activation energies required for the magnetization reversal and, from this, the size-dependent magnetic anisotropy constant K. We find that K is enormously enhanced with respect to the maghemite bulk value and that it increases with decreasing size. The Mössbauer spectra suggest that low-symmetry atomic sites, probably located at the particle surface and at the interfaces between different crystalline domains, are the likely source of the enhanced magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Martínez-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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11
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Zheng B, Uenuma M, Uraoka Y, Yamashita I. Construction of a ferritin dimer by breaking its symmetry. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:445602. [PMID: 20935356 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/44/445602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin has a mono-dispersed structure and biomineralization properties that allow it to form various kinds of nanoparticles and play an important role in modern nanotechnology. Independent nanoparticles synthesized in ferritin are valuable, but moreover a pair of nanoparticles can bring new properties different from those of the independent nanoparticles. In this study, by breaking ferritin's symmetry, we successfully produced ferritin dimers which provide real protein frameworks for nanoparticle dimer formation. Identical nickel hydro-oxide nanoparticle dimers were produced by simply biomineralizing ferritin dimers. The method presented here can produce multi-functional ferritin dimers with different kinds of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zheng
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
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12
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Gálvez N, Valero E, Domínguez-Vera JM, Masciocchi N, Guagliardi A, Clemente-León M, Coronado E. Structural and magnetic characterization of Pd nanoparticles encapsulated in apoferritin. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:274017. [PMID: 20571204 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/27/274017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pd nanoparticles exhibiting permanent magnetism at room temperature have been prepared within the apoferritin cavity. Pd nanoparticles in air and under an inert atmosphere were synthesized to study the influence of the aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the final magnetic properties. The surface of nanoparticles as well as the type of crystalline phase could determine the magnetic properties. X-ray powder diffraction, including Debye-function analysis, transmission electronic microscopy, and magnetization measurements have been used for characterizing the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Gálvez
- Departamento Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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13
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Native and synthetic ferritins for nanobiomedical applications: recent advances and new perspectives. Future Med Chem 2010; 2:609-18. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferritin is the protein whose function is to store iron that the cell does not require immediately for metabolic processes, thereby protecting against the toxic effects of free Fe2+. Ferritin therefore plays a crucial role in iron metabolism as well as in the development of some diseases, especially those related to the presence of free Fe2+ and toxic hydroxyl radicals. In addition, ferritin is itself a catalytic bionanoparticle. Its internal cavity can be used as a nanoreactor to produce non-native metallic nanoparticles. Moreover, its external protein shell can be chemically modified, allowing ferritin to be used as a precursor for a library of metallic nanoparticles, some which may have potential applications in biomedicine, especially as multimodal imaging probes. This article presents a brief overview of the evidence for the role of native ferritin in some diseases, as well as the potential of some synthetic ferritins – in which a non-native inorganic material has been introduced into the cavity and/or the external shell has been modified – in the field of nanobiomedicine.
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Martínez RV, Martínez J, Chiesa M, Garcia R, Coronado E, Pinilla-Cienfuegos E, Tatay S. Large-scale nanopatterning of single proteins used as carriers of magnetic nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:588-591. [PMID: 20217754 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200902568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramsés V Martínez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid, CSIC Isaac Newton 8, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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Gálvez N, Valero E, Ceolin M, Trasobares S, López-Haro M, Calvino JJ, Domínguez-Vera JM. A Bioinspired Approach to the Synthesis of Bimetallic CoNi Nanoparticles. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:1705-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Elsa Valero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Marcelo Ceolin
- Instituto de Físico-Química Teórica y Aplicada, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Susana Trasobares
- Departamento Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Haro
- Departamento Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - José J. Calvino
- Departamento Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - José M. Domínguez-Vera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Uchida M, Kang S, Reichhardt C, Harlen K, Douglas T. The ferritin superfamily: Supramolecular templates for materials synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2009; 1800:834-45. [PMID: 20026386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Members of the ferritin superfamily are multi-subunit cage-like proteins with a hollow interior cavity. These proteins possess three distinct surfaces, i.e. interior and exterior surfaces of the cages and interface between subunits. The interior cavity provides a unique reaction environment in which the interior reaction is separated from the external environment. In biology the cavity is utilized for sequestration of irons and biomineralization as a mechanism to render Fe inert and sequester it from the external environment. Material scientists have been inspired by this system and exploited a range of ferritin superfamily proteins as supramolecular templates to encapsulate nanoparticles and/or as well-defined building blocks for fabrication of higher order assembly. Besides the interior cavity, the exterior surface of the protein cages can be modified without altering the interior characteristics. This allows us to deliver the protein cages to a targeted tissue in vivo or to achieve controlled assembly on a solid substrate to fabricate higher order structures. Furthermore, the interface between subunits is utilized for manipulating chimeric self-assembly of the protein cages and in the generation of symmetry-broken Janus particles. Utilizing these ideas, the ferritin superfamily has been exploited for development of a broad range of materials with applications from biomedicine to electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Bioinspired Nanomaterials, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Ceolín M, Gálvez N, Sánchez P, Fernández B, Domínguez-Vera JM. Structural Aspects of the Growth Mechanism of Copper Nanoparticles Inside Apoferritin. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ceolín M, Gálvez N, Domínguez-Vera JM. Thermal induced phase transitions and structural relaxation in apoferritin encapsulated copper nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:4327-32. [DOI: 10.1039/b804023k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Coronado E, Ribera A, García-Martínez J, Linares N, Liz-Marzán LM. Synthesis, characterization and magnetism of monodispersed water soluble palladium nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b811190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Domínguez-Vera JM, Gálvez N, Sánchez P, Mota AJ, Trasobares S, Hernández JC, Calvino JJ. Size-Controlled Water-Soluble Ag Nanoparticles. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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