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Rodríguez-Ruiz I, Babenko V, Martínez-Rodríguez S, Gavira JA. Protein separation under a microfluidic regime. Analyst 2017; 143:606-619. [PMID: 29214270 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01568b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC), or micro-Total Analysis Systems (μTAS), is recognized as a powerful analytical technology with high capabilities, though end-user products for protein purification are still far from being available on the market. Remarkable progress has been achieved in the separation of nucleic acids and proteins using electrophoretic microfluidic devices, while pintsize devices have been developed for protein isolation according to miniaturized chromatography principles (size, charge, affinity, etc.). In this work, we review the latest advances in the fabrication of components, detection methods and commercial implementation for the separation of biological macromolecules based on microfluidic systems, with some critical remarks on the perspectives of their future development towards standardized microfluidic systems and protocols. An outlook on the current needs and future applications is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V Babenko
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalograficos, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-University of Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - S Martínez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J A Gavira
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalograficos, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-University of Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Liu R, Ishimatsu R, Yahiro M, Adachi C, Nakano K, Imato T. Photometric flow injection determination of phosphate on a PDMS microchip using an optical detection system assembled with an organic light emitting diode and an organic photodiode. Talanta 2014; 132:96-105. [PMID: 25476284 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A compact photometric detector was constructed from an organic light emitting diode (OLED) based on a europium complex, europium(diben-zoylmethanato)3(bathophenanthroline) (Eu(DBM)3bath), as the light source and an organic photodiode (OPD) fabricated from a hetero-junction of two layers of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/fullerene (C60) as the photo-detector on a microchip prepared from poly(dimethylsiloxan) (PDMS) and was applied to the determination of phosphate. The OLED and the OPD were fabricated by a vapor deposition method on an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate with the following layered structure; Glass (0.7 mm)/ITO (110 nm)/4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenyl amino]-biphenyl (α-NPD) (30 nm)/4,4'-di(N-carbazolyl)biphenyl (CBP): Eu(3+) (8 wt%, 30 nm)/bathocuproine (BCP) (30 nm)/aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3) (25 nm)/magnesium and silver (MgAg) (100 nm)/Ag (10nm) and Glass (0.7 mm)/ITO (110 nm)/CuPc (35 nm)/C60 (50 nm)/BCP (10 nm)/Ag (50 nm), respectively. The OLED based on the europium complex emitted a sharp light at the wavelength of 612 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 8 nm. The performance of the photometric detector assembled was evaluated based on measurements of the absorbance of different concentrations of malachite green (MG) solutions for a batch system with 1cm long path length. The molar absorptive coefficient of the MG solution, calculated from the photocurrent of the OPD, was in good agreement with the value reported in the literature. A microchip with two inlets and one outlet U-shaped channel was prepared by a conventional photolithograph method. The OLED and the OPD were configured so as to face each other through the PDMS microchip in parallel in order to align the light axis of the OLED and the OPD with the flow cell (optical path length of 5mm), which was located at the end of outlet. For the determination of phosphate, an ion-association reaction between MG and a molybdenum-phosphate complex was utilized and a good linear relationship between the concentration and absorbance was observed in the concentration range 0-0.2 ppm, with a detection limit (S/N=3) of 0.02 ppm. The assembled photometric detector was also applied to the determination of phosphate by the flow injection of river water samples using the reagent solution containing MG and molybdenum ammonium in sulfuric acid. A good recovery (97-99%) for the river water samples, which had been spiked with the standard 0.08 ppm, with an RSD of ca 5% (n=5) was obtained using the constructed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yahiro
- Institute of System, Information Technology and Nanotechnology, 2-1-22 Momochihama, Swawara-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Baba MM, Vidergar N, Marcello A. Virological point-of-care testing for the developing world. Future Virol 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.14.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The goal of point-of-care testing is to provide fast, convenient, and easy-to-use diagnostic assays that shorten the turnaround time of intervention. Several diagnostic tests have already migrated from the centralized laboratory to patients’ bedside, physician offices and domestic environments in more developed countries. However, the situation is dramatically different in countries of the developing world where lack of facilities and resources still results in diagnosis to be inferred mostly from the symptoms only. Reliable and rapid diagnosis is urgently needed particularly in case of viral diseases with the concrete risk of outbreaks going undetected in the early stages. In this article we will advocate the necessity to implement robust point-of-care testing for viral diseases to overcome the diagnostic gap of less developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marycelin M Baba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Nina Vidergar
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99 - 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marcello
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99 - 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Integration of Organic Light Emitting Diodes and Organic Photodetectors for Lab-on-a-Chip Bio-Detection Systems. ELECTRONICS 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics3010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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de Kort BJ, de Jong GJ, Somsen GW. Native fluorescence detection of biomolecular and pharmaceutical compounds in capillary electrophoresis: Detector designs, performance and applications: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 766:13-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Marcello A, Sblattero D, Cioarec C, Maiuri P, Melpignano P. A deep-blue OLED-based biochip for protein microarray fluorescence detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 46:44-7. [PMID: 23500475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Integrated biochips exploit a multi-disciplinary approach to produce portable point-of-care medical diagnostic systems that uncouple diagnosis from centralized laboratories. These portable devices are cost effective and have several advantages including broader accessibility to health care worldwide. Fluorescence detection of a disease-specific probe excited by an optical source is one of the most diffused methods for quantitative analysis on biochips. Here we designed and characterized a miniaturized biochip based on a novel deep-blue organic light-emitting diode. The molecular design of the diode was optimized to excite a fluorophore-conjugated antibody and tested on a protein microarray configuration with good sensitivity and specificity. These findings will be instrumental for the development of next generation point-of-care biochips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marcello
- Laboratory of Virology, the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Rapid Determination of Creatinine in Human Urine by Microchip Electrophoresis with LED Induced Fluorescence Detection. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can and are currently integrated into light microscopes. They have numerous advantages as illumination sources. Most notably, they provide intensity (brightness) and spectral control during bio-imaging. For transmitted light imaging, LEDs can replace the traditional tungsten filament bulb, while offering longer life, little-to-no color temperature shift resulting from an intensity change, reduced emission in the infrared region, (a property important for live cell imaging), and reduced cost of ownership. For fluorescent imaging, in which the typical illumination sources are mercury or xenon lamps, LEDs offer the advantages of a longer lifespan, greater spatial and temporal stability, elimination of the need for mechanical shutters and neutral density filters, significantly lower cost of ownership, and reduction of photon dose at the specimen. Additionally, LEDs permit vibration-free, high-speed spectral and temporal modulation. This modulation allows more information to be obtained for a given photon dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- RICHARD W. COLE
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, P.O. Box 509, Albany N.Y. 12201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, N.Y. 12201, USA
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Köhler S, Nagl S, Fritzsche S, Belder D. Label-free real-time imaging in microchip free-flow electrophoresis applying high speed deep UV fluorescence scanning. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:458-463. [PMID: 22011722 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20558g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on label-free monitoring of microfluidic free-flow electrophoresis (μFFE) separations in real-time using a custom built high speed deep UV laser scanner. In combination with a novel layout realized in fused silica (FS) FFE chips the setup was successfully applied for continuous separations and detection of unlabeled analytes including native proteins by space-resolved intrinsic deep UV fluorescence scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Köhler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Emory JM, Peng Z, Young B, Hupert ML, Rousselet A, Patterson D, Ellison B, Soper SA. Design and development of a field-deployable single-molecule detector (SMD) for the analysis of molecular markers. Analyst 2011; 137:87-97. [PMID: 22005669 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15658f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule detection (SMD) has demonstrated some attractive benefits for many types of biomolecular analyses including enhanced processing speed by eliminating processing steps, elimination of ensemble averaging and single-molecule sensitivity. However, it's wide spread use has been hampered by the complex instrumentation required for its implementation when using fluorescence as the readout modality. We report herein a simple and compact fluorescence single-molecule instrument that is straightforward to operate and consisted of fiber optics directly coupled to a microfluidic device. The integrated fiber optics served as waveguides to deliver the laser excitation light to the sample and collecting the resulting emission, simplifying the optical requirements associated with traditional SMD instruments by eliminating the need for optical alignment and simplification of the optical train. Additionally, the use of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser and a single photon avalanche diode serving as the excitation source and photon transducer, respectively, as well as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) integrated into the processing electronics assisted in reducing the instrument footprint. This small footprint SMD platform was tested using fluorescent microspheres and single AlexaFluor 660 molecules to determine the optimal operating parameters and system performance. As a demonstration of the utility of this instrument for biomolecular analyses, molecular beacons (MBs) were designed to probe bacterial cells for the gene encoding Gram-positive species. The ability to monitor biomarkers using this simple and portable instrument will have a number of important applications, such as strain-specific detection of pathogenic bacteria or the molecular diagnosis of diseases requiring rapid turn-around-times directly at the point-of-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Emory
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Nakajima H, Okuma Y, Morioka K, Miyake M, Hemmi A, Tobita T, Yahiro M, Yokoyama D, Adachi C, Soh N, Nakano K, Xue S, Zeng H, Uchiyama K, Imato T. An integrated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system with an organic light-emitting diode and a charge-coupled device for fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2906-12. [PMID: 21898810 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescence detection system for a microfluidic device using an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) as the excitation light source and a charge-coupled device (CCD) as the photo detector was developed. The OLED was fabricated on a glass plate by photolithography and a vacuum deposition technique. The OLED produced a green luminescence with a peak emission at 512 nm and a half bandwidth of 55 nm. The maximum external quantum efficiency of the OLED was 7.2%. The emission intensity of the OLED at 10 mA/cm(2) was 13 μW (1.7 mW/cm(2)). The fluorescence detection system consisted of the OLED device, two band-pass filters, a five microchannel poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic device and a linear CCD. The fluorescence detection system was successfully used in a flow-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on a PDMS microfluidic device for the rapid determination of immunoglobulin A (IgA), a marker for human stress. The detection limit (S/N=3) for IgA was 16.5 ng/mL, and the sensitivity was sufficient for evaluating stress. Compared with the conventional 96-well microtiter plate assay, the analysis time and the amounts of reagent and sample solutions could all be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hizuru Nakajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.
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Shameli SM, Elbuken C, Ou J, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Fully integrated PDMS/SU-8/quartz microfluidic chip with a novel macroporous poly dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane for isoelectric focusing of proteins using whole-channel imaging detection. Electrophoresis 2010; 32:333-9. [PMID: 21298660 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A fully integrated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/modified PDMS membrane/SU-8/quartz hybrid chip was developed for protein separation using isoelectric focusing (IEF) mechanism coupled with whole-channel imaging detection (WCID) method. This microfluidic chip integrates three components into one single chip: (i) modified PDMS membranes for separating electrolytes in the reservoirs from the sample in the microchannel and thus reducing pressure disturbance, (ii) SU-8 optical slit to block UV light (below 300 nm) outside the channel aiming to increase detection sensitivity, and (iii) injection and discharge capillaries for continuous operation. Integration of all these components on a single chip is challenging because it requires fabrication techniques for perfect bonding between different materials and is prone to leakage and blockage. This study has addressed all the challenges and presented a fully integrated chip, which is more robust with higher sensitivity than the previously developed IEF chips. This chip was tested by performing protein and pI marker separation. The separation results obtained in this chip were compared with that obtained in commercial cartridges. Side-by-side comparison validated the developed chip and fabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mostafa Shameli
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Xu Z, Okabe N, Arai A, Hirokawa T. Investigation of the pH gradient formation and cathodic drift in microchip isoelectric focusing with imaged UV detection. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3558-65. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Tran NT, Ayed I, Pallandre A, Taverna M. Recent innovations in protein separation on microchips by electrophoretic methods: An update. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:147-73. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mu X, Liang Q, Hu P, Yao B, Ren K, Wang Y, Luo G. Prototypical Nonelectrochemical Method for Surface Regeneration of an Integrated Electrode in a PDMS Microfluidic Chip. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903082762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ou J, Glawdel T, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Fabrication of a hybrid PDMS/SU-8/quartz microfluidic chip for enhancing UV absorption whole-channel imaging detection sensitivity and application for isoelectric focusing of proteins. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:1926-1932. [PMID: 19532968 DOI: 10.1039/b821438g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)/SU-8/quartz hybrid chip was developed and applied in the isoelectric focusing (IEF) of proteins with ultraviolet (UV) absorbance-based whole-channel imaging detection (UV-WCID). Each hybrid chip was made of three layers: a PDMS flat top substrate, a bottom quartz substrate and a middle layer of SU-8 photoresist. The SU-8 serves two purposes: it contains the microchannel used for IEF separation, and acts as an optical slit that absorbs UV light below 300 nm improving detection sensitivity in WCID. The novel hybrid design demonstrates a two to three times improvement in sensitivity over a comparable PDMS/PDMS design. In addition, the hybrid chip exhibits increased heat dissipation due to the superior thermal conductivity of the bottom quartz substrate allowing for larger electric fields to be used in separations. The hybrid design with IEF-UV-WCID was successful in resolving a complicated sample, hemoglobin control, with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, CanadaN2L 3G1
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Ren K, Liang Q, Mu X, Luo G, Wang Y. Miniaturized high throughput detection system for capillary array electrophoresis on chip with integrated light emitting diode array as addressed ring-shaped light source. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:733-736. [PMID: 19224025 DOI: 10.1039/b810705j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel miniaturized, portable fluorescence detection system for capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) on a microfluidic chip was developed, consisting of a scanning light-emitting diode (LED) light source and a single point photoelectric sensor. Without charge coupled detector (CCD), lens, fibers and moving parts, the system was extremely simplified. Pulsed driving of the LED significantly increased the sensitivity, and greatly reduced the power consumption and photobleaching effect. The highly integrated system was robust and easy to use. All the advantages realized the concept of a portable micro-total analysis system (micro-TAS), which could work on a single universal serial bus (USB) port. Compared with traditional CAE detecting systems, the current system could scan the radial capillary array with high scanning rate. An 8-channel CAE of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled arginine (Arg) on chip was demonstrated with this system, resulting in a limit of detection (LOD) of 640 amol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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KITAGAWA F, AIZAWA S, OTSUKA K. High-speed Analysis of Proteins by Microchip Isoelectric Focusing with Linear-imaging UV Detection. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:979-84. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sueyoshi K, Kitagawa F, Otsuka K. Recent progress of online sample preconcentration techniques in microchip electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2650-66. [PMID: 18693308 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microchip electrophoresis (MCE) has been advanced remarkably by the applications of several separation modes and the integration with several chemical operations on a single planer substrate. MCE shows superior analytical performance, e.g., high-speed analysis, high resolution, low consumption of reagents, and so on, whereas low-concentration sensitivity is still one of the major problems. To overcome this drawback, various online sample preconcentration techniques have been developed in MCE over the past 15 years, which have successfully enhanced the detection sensitivity in MCE. This review highlights recent developments in online sample preconcentration in MCE categorized on the basis of "dynamic" and "static" methods. The dynamic techniques including field amplified stacking, ITP, sweeping, and focusing have been easily applied to MCE, which provide effective enrichments of various analytes. The static techniques such as SPE and filtration have also been combined with MCE. In the static techniques, extremely high preconcentration efficiency can be obtained, compared to the dynamic methods. This review provides comprehensive tables listing the applications and sensitivity enhancement factors of these preconcentration techniques employed in MCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Liu Z, Ou J, Samy R, Glawdel T, Huang T, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Side-by-side comparison of disposable microchips with commercial capillary cartridges for application in capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2008; 8:1738-1741. [PMID: 18813399 DOI: 10.1039/b807646d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Simple-structured, well-functioned disposable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchips were developed for capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection (CIEF-WCID). Side-by-side comparison of the developed microchips with well-established commercial capillary cartridges demonstrated that the disposable microchips have comparable performance as well as advantages such as absence of lens effect and possibility of high-aspect-ratio accompanied with a dramatic reduction in cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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25
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Recent developments in capillary isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1204:157-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ou J, Glawdel T, Samy R, Wang S, Liu Z, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Integration of Dialysis Membranes into a Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microfluidic Chip for Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins Using Whole-Channel Imaging Detection. Anal Chem 2008; 80:7401-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8010928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tomasz Glawdel
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Razim Samy
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Carolyn L. Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Lowry M, Fakayode SO, Geng ML, Baker GA, Wang L, McCarroll ME, Patonay G, Warner IM. Molecular Fluorescence, Phosphorescence, and Chemiluminescence Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2008; 80:4551-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800749v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Sayo O. Fakayode
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Maxwell L. Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Matthew E. McCarroll
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Gabor Patonay
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
| | - Isiah M. Warner
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27110, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute and the Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale,
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