1
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Mamedov VA, Galimullina VR, Qu ZW, Zhu H, Syakaev VV, Shamsutdinova LR, Sergeev MA, Rizvanov IK, Gubaidullin AT, Sinyashin OG, Grimme S. AlCl 3-Promoted Intramolecular Indolinone-Quinolone Rearrangement of Spiro[indoline-3,2'-quinoxaline]-2,3'-diones: Easy Access to Quinolino[3,4- b]quinoxalin-6-ones. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38151045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
A facile and direct intramolecular indolinone-quinolone rearrangement was developed for the synthesis of quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalin-6-ones from spiro[indoline-3,2'-quinoxaline]-2,3'-diones, which are readily available with use of isatines, malononitrile, and 1,2-phenylenediamines under quite mild conditions. This efficient approach provides excellent yields and could potentially be used for the construction of a diverse library of quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalin-6-ones for high-throughput screening in medicinal chemistry. The reaction mechanism is explored by extensive DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vakhid A Mamedov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Venera R Galimullina
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hui Zhu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor V Syakaev
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Leisan R Shamsutdinova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Sergeev
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Il'dar Kh Rizvanov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Aidar T Gubaidullin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg G Sinyashin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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2
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Paiva MJM, Nascimento GNL, Damasceno IAM, Santos TT, Silveira D. Pharmacological and toxicological effects of Amaryllidaceae. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e277092. [PMID: 38126586 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.277092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae family is widely distributed in the tropics, presenting biological activity attributed mostly to alkaloids, such as an important inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. The present study aims to review the spectrum of action of the main biological activities and toxicity of secondary metabolites found in Amaryllidaceae through a literature review, using Prisma and the descriptors "Pharmacological effects of Amaryllidaceae" and "Amaryllidaceae family" and "Pharmacological actions of Amaryllidaceae", used in English and Portuguese. The literature search was done in March and May 2023. Original works published from 2012 to 2023, available in full, and presenting experimental and clinical studies were included. After the selection considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 articles fulfilled the defined criteria. From a pharmacological point of view, the highlight is due to the alkaloid galantamine, which has the potential- and is already used - for treating Alzheimer's. The toxicological aspect must be considered and evaluated carefully, as alkaloids have been associated with adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cardiovascular, neurological, and respiratory changes. Furthermore, some studies indicate that consuming these plants in significant quantities can lead to hepatic and renal toxicity. Therefore, the therapeutical use of this family's plant drugs and derivatives requires further studies to elucidate its effects and point out metabolites with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J M Paiva
- Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - G N L Nascimento
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde, Palmas, TO, Brasil
| | - I A M Damasceno
- Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - T T Santos
- Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia - UFOB, Centro Multidisciplinar de Luís Eduardo Magalhães, Curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia de Biotecnologia, Luís Eduardo Magalhães, BA, Brasil
| | - D Silveira
- Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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3
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Jiao Y, Shi X, Yu S. Photoredox-catalyzed C-heteroaryl glycosylation of biphenyl isocyanides with glycosyl bromides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13336-13339. [PMID: 37869887 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03812b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
8,9-Dimethoxyphenanthridine derivatives, as potential antitumor drugs, need modification to improve their biocompatibility and water solubility. Reported here is a strategy to access C-heteroaryl glycosides by photoredox catalysis. C6-glycosylated phenanthridine derivatives are synthesized from biphenyl isocyanides and glycosyl bromides. The reaction conditions are mild and widely applicable, with anomeric α selectivity and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoran Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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4
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Tran VH, Luu TG, Nguyen AT, Kim HK. Direct transformation of benzyl esters into esters, amides, and anhydrides using catalytic ferric(III) chloride under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8494-8499. [PMID: 37861427 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01443f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
A facile one-pot transformation of benzyl esters into esters, amides, and anhydrides is described. α,α-Dichlorodiphenylmethane and FeCl3 were employed as the chlorinating agent and catalyst respectively to convert benzyl esters into acid chloride intermediates, which directly reacted with alcohols, amines, and carboxylic acids. Various esters, amides, and anhydrides were readily obtained with high yields under mild conditions. This method is promising for the practical synthesis of esters, amides, and anhydrides from benzyl esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Hieu Tran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
| | - Truong Giang Luu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
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5
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Sun W, Uttendorfer M, Idiris FIM, Werling AYR, Siddiq K, Jones CR. Selective access to dihydrophenanthridines and phenanthridinones via cyclisation of aryl amines onto N-tethered arynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11823-11826. [PMID: 37712932 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03027j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
5,6-Dihydrophenanthridines are prepared from aryl amines via intramolecular addition to N-tethered arynes under mild conditions. A new o-silylaryl triflate precursor was developed to increase reactivity and enable electron-rich and electron-poor aryl amines to undergo cyclisation. A complete switch in product selectivity occurs when the reaction is conducted in air, affording the corresponding phenanthridin-6(5H)-one as the sole product under otherwise identical reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Maria Uttendorfer
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Fahima I M Idiris
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - A Yannic R Werling
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Khushal Siddiq
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Christopher R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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6
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Wang F, Xu X, Yan Y, Zhang J, Bai WJ, Chen J, Yang Y. Diastereoselective Construction of Fused Carbocyclic Pyrrolidines via a Copper-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition: Total Syntheses of Pancratinines B-C. Org Lett 2023; 25:6853-6857. [PMID: 37682751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed diastereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-arylaziridines and cyclic silyl dienol ethers was developed to efficiently construct fused-[5,n] carbocyclic pyrrolidines, which are widespread in bioactive natural products. Mechanistic studies revealed that the high diastereoselectivity of this transformation arose from a sequential retro aza-Michael/epimerization/aza-Michael process. Taking advantage of this newly developed method, the first total syntheses of pancratinines B and C were concisely realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yangtian Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wen-Ju Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Jianwei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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7
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Chen WS, Yang F, Wang T, Zhang GQ, Wei Y, Wang MH, Chen ZS, Ji K. Chemoselective Transformations of Amides: An Approach to Quinolones from β-Amido Ynones. Org Lett 2023; 25:5762-5767. [PMID: 37500499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and chemoselective transformation of β-amido ynones to 3-acyl-substituted quinolones 2 and 3-H-quinolones 4 has been developed. In this reaction, β-cyclic amido ynones can be selectively transformed into quinolones 2 in anhydrous EG via a selective C═O bond cleavage, 1,5-O migration, and C═C bond recombination process. The practical approach of this reaction renders it a viable alternative for the construction of various quinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gang-Qiong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Wei
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mo-Han Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zi-Sheng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kegong Ji
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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8
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Mondal K, Mallik S, Sardana S, Baidya M. A Visible-Light-Induced α-Aminoalkyl-Radical-Mediated Halogen-Atom Transfer Process: Modular Synthesis of Phenanthridinone Alkaloids. Org Lett 2023; 25:1689-1694. [PMID: 36867403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
A halogen-atom transfer (XAT) strategy utilizing α-aminoalkyl radicals allows the generation of aryl radicals at room temperature, which is applied for intramolecular cyclization reactions en route to biologically relevant alkaloids. Starting from simple halogen-substituted benzamides under visible light irradiation in the presence of an organophotocatalyst (4CzIPN) and nBu3N allows the modular construction of the phenanthridinone core, which gives facile access to drug analogs and alkaloids, e.g., from the Amaryllidaceae family. The reaction pathway most likely involves a quantum mechanical tunneling enabled transfer event to achieve aromatization-halogen-atom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunamayee Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumitava Mallik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunaina Sardana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Zhan G, Gao B, Zhou J, Liu T, Zheng G, Jin Z, Yao G. Structurally diverse alkaloids with nine frameworks from Zephyranthes candida and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 207:113564. [PMID: 36535411 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-six structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, including ten undescribed compounds named zephyranines A-I and 6-O-ethylnerinine, two undescribed natural products zephyranthine-6-one and 3-O-deacetyl-sternbergine, were isolated from whole plants of Zephyranthes candida. Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, CD data analysis, NMR and ECD calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All structures were classified into nine framework types: 10b,11-seco-crinine, graciline, crinine, homolycorine, trisphaeridine, lycorine, galasine, tazettine, and belladine. Zephyranine A represents the first naturally occurring 10b,11-seco-crinine type alkaloid, and zephyranine B is the sixth graciline type alkaloid. 6-O-ethylnerinine is an artifact from the extraction and isolation. All isolates were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities. Zephyranines A, G, and H exhibited moderate AChE inhibitory activities, with IC50 values of 8.2, 39.0, and 10.8 μM, respectively. Zephyranine B, haemanthamine, haemanthidine, 11-hydroxyvittatine, and 8-demethoxy-10-O-methylhostasine exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity on the LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages with IC50 values of 21.3, 4.6, 12.2, 5.6, and 17.4 μM, respectively. Structure-activity-relationship analysis and docking studies indicated that interactions with the key Trp286 and Tyr337 residues are required for potent AChE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Zhan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Biao Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junfei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guijuan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resource Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashgar, 844007, China.
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resource Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashgar, 844007, China.
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10
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Feng J, Shi J, Wei L, Liu M, Li Z, Xiao Y, Zhang J. Palladium/PC-Phos-Catalyzed Asymmetric Heck/Tsuji-Trost Reactions of Amino-Tethered 1,3-Cyclohexadiene with Aryl and Alkenyl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215407. [PMID: 36317934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chiral perhydroindoles are found in a number of natural products and biologically active compounds. Therefore, the development of new asymmetric methodology for rapid access to this core is of high importance. Herein, we reported a highly regio- and diastereo-selective palladium/PC-Phos-catalyzed asymmetric Heck/Tsuji-Trost reactions of readily available amino tethered 1,3-cyclohexadienes with aryl and alkenyl halides, delivering various functionalized chiral hexahydroindoles in good yields with high enantioselectivity. The application of this reaction to the concise synthesis of (-)-α-Lycorane was demonstrated. DFT computation results indicate that the difference in ΔEdis of two migration insertion transition states determines the enantioselectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, 200241, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, 200241, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Mingqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, 200241, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuanjing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, 200241, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
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11
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Fan J, Wang Y, Hu X, Liu Y, Che CM. Iron porphyrin-catalysed C(sp 3)–H amination with alkyl azides for the synthesis of complex nitrogen-containing compounds. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01972h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
With the readily prepared iron porphyrin complex as a catalyst and starting with alkyl azides, a panel of nitrogen-containing skeletons representing the families of natural alkaloids and bioactive compounds could be prepared in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuefu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yungen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Feng J, Shi J, Wei L, Liu M, Li Z, Xiao Y, Zhang J. Palladium/PC‐Phos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Heck/Tsuji–Trost Reactions of Amino‐Tethered 1,3‐Cyclohexadiene with Aryl and Alkenyl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Rd 200241 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Shi
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Lan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Rd 200241 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mingqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Rd 200241 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yuanjing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Rd 200241 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
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13
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Hu J, Shen Y, Zheng Y, Zhou W, Karimi-maleh H, Liu Q, Fu L. Electrochemical fingerprinting sensor for plant phylogenetic investigation: A case of sclerophyllous oak. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:962301. [PMID: 36438123 PMCID: PMC9682139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.962301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical fingerprinting can collect the electrochemical behavior of electrochemically active molecules in plant tissues, so it is regarded as a new plant analysis technology. Because the signal of electrochemical fingerprinting is positively correlated with the amount and type of electrochemically active molecules in plant tissues, it can also be used to reflect genetic differences between different species. Previous electrochemical fingerprinting techniques have been frequently used in phylogenetic studies of herbaceous plants. In this work, 19 Quercus species (17 evergreen or semi evergreen species and 2 deciduous species) were selected for investigation. The results indicated the electrochemical fingerprint of some species share similar features but can be distinguished after changing the recording condition (extraction solvent and electrolyte). The two sets of electrochemical fingerprint data can be used to construct different pattern recognition technology, which further speeds up the recognition efficiency. These electrochemical fingerprints were further used in phylogenetic investigations. The phylogenetic results deduced from electrochemical fingerprinting were divided mainly into three clusters. These can provide evidence for some of these arguments as well as new results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Hassan Karimi-maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Qing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Fu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Di Iulio GA, Mahon MF, Caggiano L. Exploring Convergent Two‐Step Synthetic Approaches to the Pancratistatin Framework. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A. Di Iulio
- Medicinal Chemistry Section Department of Life Sciences University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Lorenzo Caggiano
- Medicinal Chemistry Section Department of Life Sciences University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
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15
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Goulart Stollmaier J, Thomson J, Endoma-Arias MA, Simionescu R, Vernaza A, Mesa-Diaz N, Smith M, Du L, Kornienko A, Hudlicky T. Conversion of Natural Narciclasine to Its C-1 and C-6 Derivatives and Their Antitumor Activity Evaluation: Some Unusual Chemistry of Narciclasine. Molecules 2022; 27:4141. [PMID: 35807391 PMCID: PMC9268329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During the search for a general, efficient route toward the synthesis of C-1 analogues of narciclasine, natural narciclasine was protected and converted to its C-1 enol derivative using a novel semi-synthetic route. Attempted conversion of this material to its triflate in order to conduct cross-coupling at C-1 resulted in a triflate at C-6 that was successfully coupled with several functionalities. Four novel compounds were fully deprotected after seven steps and subjected to evaluation for cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines. Only one derivative showed moderate activity compared to that of narciclasine. Spectral and physical data are provided for all new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Goulart Stollmaier
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (J.T.); (M.A.E.-A.); (R.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Jared Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (J.T.); (M.A.E.-A.); (R.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Mary Ann Endoma-Arias
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (J.T.); (M.A.E.-A.); (R.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Razvan Simionescu
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (J.T.); (M.A.E.-A.); (R.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Alexandra Vernaza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; (A.V.); (N.M.-D.); (M.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Nakya Mesa-Diaz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; (A.V.); (N.M.-D.); (M.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Mitchell Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; (A.V.); (N.M.-D.); (M.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Liqin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; (A.V.); (N.M.-D.); (M.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; (A.V.); (N.M.-D.); (M.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (J.T.); (M.A.E.-A.); (R.S.); (T.H.)
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16
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Zhang TY, Zhang LY, Liang X, Wei K, Yang YR. Catalytic, Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-α-, (+)-β-, (+)-γ-, and (-)-δ-Lycorane. Org Lett 2022; 24:2905-2909. [PMID: 35412321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first collectively asymmetric total synthesis of all members of lycorane, including (+)-α, (+)-β, (+)-γ, and (-)-δ, in a catalytic manner has been achieved. The cornerstone of this synthesis features an asymmetric, stereodivergent Ir/amine dual catalytic α-allylation of 2-phthalimidoacetaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lu-Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Kun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yu-Rong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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17
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Hernández D, Porras M, Boto A. Structural diversity using amino acid "Customizable Units": conversion of hydroxyproline (Hyp) into nitrogen heterocycles. Amino Acids 2022; 54:955-966. [PMID: 35414005 PMCID: PMC9213323 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The ability of amino acid “customizable units” to generate structural diversity is illustrated by the conversion of 4-hydroxyproline (Hyp) units into a variety of nitrogen heterocycles. After a first common step, where the unit underwent a one-pot decarboxylation–alkylation reaction to afford 2-alkylpyrrolidines with high stereoselectivity, a divergent step was carried out. Thus, the deprotected 4-hydroxy group was used either to initiate a radical scission that afforded aliphatic β-amino aldehydes, or to carry out an elimination reaction, to give 2-alkyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrroles. In the first case, the amines underwent a tandem reductive amination–cyclization to afford β-amino-δ-lactams, an efficient rigidifying unit in peptides. Different lactam N-substituents, such as alkylamines, peptides, and alkenyl chains suitable for olefin metathesis were introduced this way. In the second case, the pyrrole derivatives were efficiently converted into alkaloid and iminosugar derivatives in good global yields and with excellent stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dácil Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Marina Porras
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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18
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Yang Q, Lin G, Wang PH, Zhou M, Zhou D, Cheng YZ. Cytotoxic plicamine alkaloids from the whole plants of Zephyranthes grandiflora. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:24-30. [PMID: 33502261 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1871607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the 80% EtOH extract of the whole plants of Zephyranthes grandiflora afforded three new 4a-epi-plicamine-type alkaloids, zephyranthines A-C (1-3). Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. All the alkaloids were in vitro evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against six glioma cell lines (CHG-5, SH-SY5Y, SHG-44, U251, U343, and GL15). Alkaloids 2 and 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against all tested cell lines with IC50 values of less than 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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19
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Ticli V, Zhao Z, Du L, Kornienko A, Hudlicky T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 10-benzyloxy-Narciclasine. Tetrahedron 2021; 101. [PMID: 35058668 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A chemoenzymatic convergent synthesis of 10-benzyloxy narciclasine from bromobenzene was accomplished in 16 steps. The key transformations included toluene dioxygenase-mediated hydroxylation, nitroso Diels-Alder reaction and intramolecular Heck cyclization. The unnatural derivative of narciclasine was subjected to biological evaluation and its activity was compared to other C-10 and C-7 compounds prepared previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ticli
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2R 3A1, Canada
| | - Zhenze Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Liqin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2R 3A1, Canada
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20
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Liu C, Zhao R, Song L, Li Z, Tian G, He Y, Van Meervelt L, Peshkov VA, Van der Eycken EV. Palladium-catalyzed post-Ugi arylative dearomatization/Michael addition cascade towards plicamine analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9752-9757. [PMID: 34730164 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of Ugi-adducts via a cascade dearomatization/aza-Michael addition process has been developed. Diverse plicamine analogues are constructed in a rapid, highly efficient and step-economical manner, through the combination of an Ugi-4CR and a palladium-catalyzed dearomatization. The synthetic utility of this approach is illustrated by further functional group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Liangliang Song
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Guilong Tian
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Yi He
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vsevolod A Peshkov
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou 215123, China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Nur-Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium. .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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21
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Bera SK, Mal P. Mechanochemical-Cascaded C-N Cross-Coupling and Halogenation Using N-Bromo- and N-Chlorosuccinimide as Bifunctional Reagents. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14144-14159. [PMID: 34423985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of alternative energy sources for chemical transformations has gained significant interest from chemists, and mechanochemistry is one of those sources. Herein, we report the use of N-bromosuccinimides (NBS) and N-chlorosuccinimides (NCS) as bifunctional reagents for a cascaded C-N bond formation and subsequent halogenation reactions. Under the solvent-free mechanochemical (ball-milling) conditions, the synthesis of a wide range of phenanthridinone derivatives from N-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxamides is accomplished. During the reactions, NBS and NCS first assisted the oxidative C-N coupling reaction and subsequently promoted a halogenation reaction. Thus, the role of NBS and NCS was established to be bifunctional. Overall, a mild, solvent-free, convenient, one-pot, and direct synthesis of various bromo- and chloro-substituted phenanthridinone derivatives was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Kanti Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
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22
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Bao CC, Du HZ, Luo YL, Guan BT. Direct alkylation of N,N-dialkyl benzamides with methyl sulfides under transition metal-free conditions. Commun Chem 2021; 4:138. [PMID: 36697564 PMCID: PMC9814863 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amides are a fundamental and widespread functional group, and are usually considered as poor electrophiles owing to resonance stabilization of the amide bond. Various approaches have been developed to address challenges in amide transformations. Nonetheless, most methods use activated amides, organometallic reagents or transition metal catalysts. Here, we report the direct alkylation of N,N-dialkyl benzamides with methyl sulfides promoted by the readily available base LDA (lithium diisopropylamide). This approach successfully achieves an efficient and selective synthesis of α-sulfenylated ketones without using transition-metal catalysts or organometallic reagents. Preliminary mechanism studies reveal that the deprotonative aroylation of methyl sulfides is promoted by the directed ortho-lithiation of the tertiary benzamide with LDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Can Bao
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Du
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Long Luo
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Barak DS, Batra S. Direct Access to Amides from Nitro-Compounds via Aminocarbonylation and Amidation Reactions: A Minireview. CHEM REC 2021; 21:4059-4087. [PMID: 34472167 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of the amide bond in functional molecules including proteins, natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials provides impetus to design and develop newer strategies for the generation of this linkage. Owing to growing awareness about sustainability and development of benign strategies, the traditional route of synthesis of amides via reaction between carboxylic acids and amines in the presence of stoichiometric amount of coupling reagents is tagged to be harsh and wasteful. In one of the unconventional routes, nitro compounds are used directly as amine surrogates for preparing amides mostly via aminocarbonylation and amidation reactions. Typically, such processes involves nitroarenes owing to their propensity to transform into nitroso, hydroxylamine, diazo, hydrazine or aniline intermediates in situ under the influence of suitable catalyst or oxidant. This short review provides the comprehensive overview of these reactions including insight into the scope and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh S Barak
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, 226031, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, 226031, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, 201002, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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24
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Kohan E, Gholamhosseini-Nazari M, Allahvirdinesbat M, Alemi AA. Green and efficiently synthesized tetrasubstituted imidazole: introduced bismuth oxide co-doped Lu 3+, Er 3+ as a novel reusable heterogeneous nanocatalyst. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1814327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Kohan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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Xu Y, Yu C, Zhang X, Fan X. Selective Synthesis of Dihydrophenanthridine and Phenanthridine Derivatives from the Cascade Reactions of o-Arylanilines with Alkynoates through C-H/N-H/C-C Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5805-5819. [PMID: 33793223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an unprecedented selective synthesis of dihydrophenanthridine and phenanthridine derivatives through the cascade reactions of 2-arylanilines with alkynoates is presented. Mechanistic studies showed that the formation of the dihydrophenanthridine scaffold involves an initial C(sp2)-H alkenylation of 2-arylaniline with alkynoate followed by an intramolecular aza-Michael addition. When this reaction is carried out at elevated temperature, the in situ formed substituted dihydrophenanthridine readily undergoes a retro-Mannich-type reaction to give the corresponding phenanthridine through C-C bond cleavage. Compared with literature methods, this novel protocol has advantages such as easily obtainable substrates with a free amino group, pharmaceutically privileged products, cheap catalysts, and conveniently controllable selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuang Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Caiyun Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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26
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Lu Y, Dey PN, Beaudry CM. Intramolecular Pyridinium Oxide Cycloadditions: Systematic Study of Substitution, Diastereoselectivity, and Regioselectivity. Chemistry 2021; 27:4028-4032. [PMID: 33434367 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular pyridinium oxide cycloadditions form complex polycyclic nitrogenous architectures. The diastereoselectivity and regioselectivity of pyridinium oxide cycloadditions was systematically investigated for the first time using complex substrates. Predictably high levels of diastereoselectivity and regioselectivity are observed, which can be attributed to minimization of steric (syn-pentane) and torsional strain in the products. The reaction is reversible under the reaction conditions, and it is stereospecific with respect to the dipolarophile geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Patrick N Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Christopher M Beaudry
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
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27
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Yang F, Li CH, Das D, Zheng YH, Song T, Wang LX, Chen MX, Li QZ, Zhang J. Comprehensive Transcriptome and Metabolic Profiling of Petal Color Development in Lycoris sprengeri. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:747131. [PMID: 34925402 PMCID: PMC8678534 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.747131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Lycoris sprengeri (L. sprengeri) is an important ornamental bulbous plant, and its numerous varieties in different color forms are widely planted. Multiple color types of petals in L. sprengeri provide us with possibilities to delineate the complicated metabolic networks underlying the biochemical traits behind color formation in this plant species, especially petal color. In this study, we sequenced and annotated a reference transcriptome of pink and white petals of L. sprengeri and analyzed the metabolic role of anthocyanin biosynthesis in regulating color pigment metabolism. Briefly, white and pink petal samples were sequenced with an Illumina platform, to obtain the reads that could be assembled into 100,778 unique sequences. Sequences expressed differentially between white vs. pink petals were further annotated with the terms of Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and eggNOG. Gene expression analyses revealed the repression of anthocyanin and steroid biosynthesis enzymes and R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF) genes in white petals compared to pink petals. Furthermore, the targeted metabolic profiling of anthocyanins revealed that color-related delphinidin (Del) and cyanidin (Cy) pigments are lower in white petals, which correlate well with the reduced gene expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Taken together, it is hypothesized that anthocyanin biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, and R2R3 MYB TFs may play vital regulatory roles in petal color development in L. sprengeri. This work provides a valuable genomic resource for flower breeding and metabolic engineering in horticulture and markers for studying the flower trait evolution of L. sprengeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Protected Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao-han Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Protected Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Debatosh Das
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-hong Zheng
- Ornamental Plant Research Center, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Song
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan-xiang Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing-zhu Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Protected Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing-zhu Li,
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jianhua Zhang,
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Ka S, Koirala M, Mérindol N, Desgagné-Penix I. Biosynthesis and Biological Activities of Newly Discovered Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Molecules 2020; 25:E4901. [PMID: 33113950 PMCID: PMC7660210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are an important group of specialized nitrogen metabolites with a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects. Since the first publication on lycorine in 1877, more than 650 alkaloids have been extracted from Amaryllidaceae bulbous plants and clustered together as the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) family. AAs are specifically remarkable for their diverse pharmaceutical properties, as exemplified by the success of galantamine used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This review addresses the isolation, biological, and structure activity of AAs discovered from January 2015 to August 2020, supporting their therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydou Ka
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Manoj Koirala
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Natacha Mérindol
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada
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29
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Takeuchi H, Inuki S, Nakagawa K, Kawabe T, Ichimura A, Oishi S, Ohno H. Total Synthesis of Zephycarinatines via Photocatalytic Reductive Radical ipso-Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21210-21215. [PMID: 32770565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a nonbiomimetic strategy for the total synthesis of the plicamine-type alkaloids zephycarinatines C and D. The key feature of the synthesis is a stereoselective reductive radical ipso-cyclization using visible-light-mediated photoredox catalysis. This cyclization enabled the construction of a 6,6-spirocyclic core structure through the addition of a carbon-centered radical onto the aromatic ring. Biological evaluation of zephycarinatines and their derivatives revealed that the synthetic derivative with a keto group displays moderate inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production. This approach could offer future opportunities to expand the chemical diversity of plicamine-type alkaloids as well as providing useful intermediates for their syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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30
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Takeuchi H, Inuki S, Nakagawa K, Kawabe T, Ichimura A, Oishi S, Ohno H. Total Synthesis of Zephycarinatines via Photocatalytic Reductive Radical
ipso
‐Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kohei Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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31
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Das MK, Yadav A, Majumder S, Bisai A. Catalytic deacylative alkylations (DaA) of enolcarbonates: Total synthesis of (±)-Crinane. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Sun W, Wang L, Hu Y, Wu X, Xia C, Liu C. Chemodivergent transformations of amides using gem-diborylalkanes as pro-nucleophiles. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3113. [PMID: 32561734 PMCID: PMC7305144 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Amides are versatile synthetic building blocks and their selective transformations into highly valuable functionalities are much desirable in the chemical world. However, the diverse structure and generally high stability of amides make their selective transformations challenging. Here we disclose a chemodivergent transformation of primary, secondary and tertiary amides by using 1,1-diborylalkanes as pro-nucleophiles. In general, selective B-O elimination occurs for primary, secondary amides and tertiary lactams to generate enamine intermediate, while tertiary amides undergo B-N elimination to generate enolate intermediate. Various in situ electrophilic trapping of those intermediates allows the chemoselective synthesis of α-functionalized ketones, β-aminoketones, enamides, β-ketoamides, γ-aminoketones, and cyclic amines from primary, secondary, tertiary amides and lactams. The key for these transformations is the enolization effect after the addition of α-boryl carbanion to amides. Amides are versatile synthetic building blocks, however the general stability of the amide bond makes its selective transformation challenging. Here, the authors report a chemodivergent transformation of primary, secondary and tertiary amides by using 1,1-diborylalkanes as pro-nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yue Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644007, PR China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China.
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33
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Xu J, Li Q, Yang L, Li X, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone regulation during bulblet initiation and development in Lycoris radiata. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:180. [PMID: 32334530 PMCID: PMC7183599 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycoris species have great ornamental and medicinal values; however, their low regeneration efficiency seriously restricts their commercial production. Understanding the mechanism of bulblet propagation in this genus, which has remained underexplored to date, could provide a theoretical basis for improving the reproductive efficiency. Therefore, we studied the bulblet initiation and developmental processes in Lycoris radiata. RESULTS We found that bulblets are formed on the junctions of the innermost layers of scales and the basal plate, and initially present as an axillary bud and gradually develop into a bulblet. We also determined the changes in carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents during bulblet initiation and development, as well as the expression patterns of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and hormone biosynthesis and signaling through transcriptome analysis. Soluble sugars derived from starch degradation in the outer scales are transported to and promote bulblet initiation and development through starch synthesis in the inner scales. This process is mediated by several genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, especially genes encoding ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, a crucial starch synthesis enzyme. As for hormones, endogenous IAA, GA, and ABA content showed an increase and decrease during bulblet initiation and development, respectively, which were consistent with the expression patterns of genes involved in IAA, GA, and ABA synthesis and signal transduction. In addition, a decrease in ZR content may be down- and up-regulated by CK biosynthesis and degradation related genes, respectively, with increasing auxin content. Furthermore, expression levels of genes related to BR, JA, and SA biosynthesis were increased, while that of ethylene biosynthesis genes was decreased, which was also consistent with the expression patterns of their signal transduction genes. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides insights into the effect of carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone regulation on control of L. radiata bulblet initiation and development. Based on the results, we propose several suggestions to improve L. radiata propagation efficiency in production, which will provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxu Xu
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Qingzhu Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xin Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
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Yan X, Zhao P, Liang H, Xie H, Jiang J, Gou S, Wang J. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric C–H Activation of N-Methoxybenzamide with Quinone and Its Application in the Asymmetric Synthesis of a Dihydrolycoricidine Analogue. Org Lett 2020; 22:3219-3223. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jijun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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35
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Berkov S, Osorio E, Viladomat F, Bastida J. Chemodiversity, chemotaxonomy and chemoecology of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 83:113-185. [PMID: 32098649 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are a distinctive chemotaxonomic feature of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae, which consists of 59 genera and >800 species distributed primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. Since the first isolation, ca. 140 ago, >600 structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been reported from ca. 350 species (44% of all species in the subfamily). A few have been found in other plant families, but the majority are unique to the Amaryllidoideae. These alkaloids have attracted considerable research interest due to their wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, which have been extensively reviewed. In this chapter we provide a review of the 636 structures of isolated or tentatively identified alkaloids from plants of the Amaryllidoideae and their classification into 42 skeleton types, as well as a discussion on their distribution, and chemotaxonomical and chemoecological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Strahil Berkov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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36
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Xu J, Li Q, Li Y, Yang L, Zhang Y, Cai Y. Effect of Exogenous Gibberellin, Paclobutrazol, Abscisic Acid, and Ethrel Application on Bulblet Development in Lycoris radiata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:615547. [PMID: 33552107 PMCID: PMC7855306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.615547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Lycoris species have great ornamental and medicinal values; however, their low regeneration efficiency significantly restricts their commercial production. Exogenous hormone application is an effective way to promote bulblet development, but their effect on Lycoris radiata has not been verified to date. In the present study, we examined the effect of different exogenous hormones on bulblet development in L. radiata, and found that gibberellic acid (GA) significantly inhibited, whereas paclobutrazol (PBZ), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethrel promoted bulblet development, especially PBZ, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor. Furthermore, GA reduced endogenous cytokinin (CK) content, as well as the activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, including sucrose synthase (SUS) and glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (AGPase), by downregulating the expression levels of LrSUS1, LrSUS2, and genes encoding AGPase large and small subunits. This resulted in the decrease in carbohydrate accumulation in the bulblets, thus hindering their development. PBZ had the opposite effect to GA on carbohydrate metabolism; it decreased endogenous GA15 and GA24, thereby promoting bulblet development. ABA promoted endogenous auxin content and the activities of starch synthesis enzymes, especially soluble starch synthase (SSS) and granule-bound SS (GBSS), through the up-regulation of the expression levels of LrSS1, LrSS2, and LrGBSS1 genes, which could also result in the accumulation of carbohydrates in the bulblets and promote their development. In addition, ethrel application partly promoted bulblet development by promoting endogenous CK content. Although the accumulation of carbohydrates and the activity of starch enzymes were increased by ethrel treatment, we hypothesized that the effect of ethrel on regulating carbohydrate metabolism may be indirect. Our results could provide a basis for improving the propagation efficiency of L. radiata for production, as well as propose some directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxu Xu
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhu Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Li
- Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station of Langxia Town, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchun Zhang,
| | - Youming Cai
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Youming Cai,
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37
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Karavaizoglu UN, Salamci E. An efficient synthesis of chloro-aminocyclooctanediol and aminocyclooctanetriol: an unexpected acetolysis product. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02697b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A concise and efficient synthesis of 2-amino-4-chlorocyclooctanediol, aminocyclooctanetriols and unusual 1,3-hydride shift during the ring opening reaction of epoxide is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emine Salamci
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Atatürk University
- Erzurum 25240
- Turkey
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38
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Katoch D, Sharma U. Simultaneous quantification and identification of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in Narcissus tazetta by ultra performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 175:112750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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The versatile O-methyltransferase LrOMT catalyzes multiple O-methylation reactions in amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:680-692. [PMID: 31494163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are unique benzylphenethylamine derivatives that comprise of more than 600 members with a huge chemical diversity. Most of them showed interesting bioactivities, for instance, galanthamine (GAL) is clinically used for Alzheimer's disease treatment. All Amaryllidaceae alkaloids had been thought to be derived from 4'-O-methylnorbelladine originated from norbelladine catalyzed by norbelladine 4'-O-methyltransferase (N4OMT). Herein we mined the transcriptome datasets of Lycoris radiata, a GAL-producing plant. LrOMT was cloned, overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and purified to homogeneity. Bioinformatics analysis and enzymatic activity assays revealed that LrOMT is an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent Class I OMT. LrOMT exhibited both para- and meta-O-methylation activities toward norbelladine to give 4'- and 3'-O-methylnorbelladine. Twenty-four analogues, including the proposed biosynthetic intermediates, were introduced to investigate the substrate scope of LrOMT and it showed that the aromatic substrates should have two vicinal hydroxyl groups. The LrOMT-catalyzed O-methylation preference is dependent on the properties of the binding group of the substrates. The transcription levels of LrOMT were positively associated with the accumulation of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and the biosynthetic intermediates in L. radiata. The present work revealed that LrOMT catalyzes multiple O-methylation reactions and its characterization will be helpful to uncover novel biosynthetic genes for Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis.
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Karakoyun Ç, Masi M, Cimmino A, Önür MA, Somer NU, Kornienko A, Evidente A. A Brief Up-to-Date Overview of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids: Phytochemical Studies of Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta L., Collected in Turkey. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19872906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A brief up-to-date overview on the isolation, and chemical and biological characterization of new and known alkaloids from different Amaryllidaceae species, including Brunsvigia, Crinum, Cyrtanthus, Narcissus, and Nerine genera, was reported. Furthermore, the isolation and chemical characterization of alkaloids extracted from bulbs of Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta L. collected from Muğla, Turkey were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Karakoyun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte San’Angelo, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte San’Angelo, Italy
| | - Mustafa Ali Önür
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nehir Unver Somer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Molecular Recognition and SynthesisFudan University, 220 Handan Rd Shanghai 200433 China
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42
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Abstract
Recent progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, as well as the structurally close alkaloids from theSceletiumgenus, published from July 2015 to June 2017 are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation
- School of Pharmacy
- Tongji Medical College
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430030
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43
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Chida N, Sato T, Ishii K, Seki-Yoritate Y, Ishibashi M, Wai Liaw M, Oishi T. Total Synthesis of (–)-Zephyranthine. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-s(f)40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Shi Y, He H, Gao S. Recent advances in the total synthesis of gracilamine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12905-12913. [PMID: 30393793 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gracilamine belongs to the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid group and has a unique five-ring skeleton. Its scarcity in plants limits biological studies on it. A number of synthetic chemists have carried out the total synthesis of gracilamine in the past few years. This review will summarize the synthetic studies of gracilamine, and hopes to bring new inspiration to the research of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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45
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Virelli M, Moroni E, Colombo G, Fiengo L, Porta A, Ackermann L, Zanoni G. Expedient Access to 2-Benzazepines by Palladium-Catalyzed C−H Activation: Identification of a Unique Hsp90 Inhibitor Scaffold. Chemistry 2018; 24:16516-16520. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Virelli
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Colombo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare; CNR; Via Mario Bianco 9 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fiengo
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Alessio Porta
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Giuseppe Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
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46
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Wang HY, Qu SM, Wang Y, Wang HT. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory active plicamine alkaloids from Zephyranthes grandiflora. Fitoterapia 2018; 130:163-168. [PMID: 30179638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the 95% EtOH extract of the whole plants of Zephyranthes grandiflora resulted in the isolation of six new 4a-epi-plicamine-type alkaloids, zephygranditines A-F (1-6), including three novel 11,12-seco-plicamine-type alkaloids. The structures of the isolated compounds were established based on 1D and 2D (1H1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. The isolated alkaloids were tested in vitro for cytotoxic potential against seven malignant melanoma cell lines and inhibitory activity for nitric oxide (NO) production and Cox-1/Cox-2. As a result, alkaloids 1-3 exhibited some cytotoxic activity against all the tested tumor cell lines with IC50 values <20 μM and 1 and 2 displayed anti-inflammatory activity in both assay of inhibitory activity for nitric oxide production and Cox-1/Cox-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Qu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Department of E.N.T., Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
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47
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Das MK, Kumar N, Bisai A. Catalytic Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Naturally Occurring Amarylidaceae Alkaloids, (−)-Crinine, (−)-epi-Crinine, (−)-Oxocrinine, (+)-epi-Elwesine, (+)-Vittatine, and (+)-epi-Vittatine*. Org Lett 2018; 20:4421-4424. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal K. Das
- Department of Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nivesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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48
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Borra S, Lapinskaite R, Kempthorne C, Liscombe D, McNulty J, Hudlicky T. Isolation, Synthesis, and Semisynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Constituents from Narcissus and Galanthus sp.: De Novo Total Synthesis of 2- epi-Narciclasine. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1451-1459. [PMID: 29787267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for the isolation of narciclasine from common Amaryllidaceae bulbs, separation from haemanthamine, and the occurrence of a trace alkaloid, 2- epi-narciclasine, are reported. Attempts to convert natural narciclasine to its C-2 epimer by Mitsunobu inversion or oxidation/reduction sequences were compromised by rearrangement and aromatization processes, through which a synthesis of the alkaloid narciprimine was achieved. The methylation of the 7-hydroxy group of natural narciclasine followed by protection of the 3,4-diol function and oxidation/reduction sequence provided the target C-2 epimer. A de novo chemoenzymatic synthesis of 2- epi-narciclasine from m-dibromobenzene is also described. Haemanthamine and narciprimine were readily detected in the crude extracts of Narcissus and Galanthus bulbs containing narciclasine, and the occurrence of 2- epi-narciclasine as a trace natural product in Galanthus sp. is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Borra
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , ON L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Ringaile Lapinskaite
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biotechnology , Brock University , 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
| | - Christine Kempthorne
- Vineland Research and Innovation Centre , 4890 Victoria Avenue North , Box 4000, Vineland Station , ON L0R 2E0 , Canada
| | - David Liscombe
- Vineland Research and Innovation Centre , 4890 Victoria Avenue North , Box 4000, Vineland Station , ON L0R 2E0 , Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , ON L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biotechnology , Brock University , 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
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49
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Li W, Yang Y, Qiao C, Zhang G, Luo Y. Functional characterization of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase- and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase-encoding genes from Lycoris radiata, a galanthamine-producing plant. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1264-1279. [PMID: 29894786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Galanthamine (GAL), the well-known Amaryllidaceae alkaloid, is a clinically used drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. L-Phenylalanine (Phe) and trans-cinnamic acid (CA) were enzymatically transformed into the catechol portion of GAL. Herein, a Phe ammonia-lyase-encoding gene LrPAL3 and a cinnamate 4-hydroxylase-encoding gene LrC4H were cloned from Lycoris radiata, a GAL-producing plant. LrPAL3 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. LrPAL3 catalyzes the forward deamination conversion of L-Phe into trans-CA. The 3-chloro- and 4-fluoro-L-Phe were deaminated to generate the corresponding 3-chloro- and 4-fluoro-trans-CA by LrPAL3. LrPAL3-catalyzed reverse hydroamination was confirmed by the conversion of trans-CA into L-Phe with exceptional regio- and stereo-selectivity. LrC4H was overexpressed in E. coli with tCamCPR, a cytochrome P450 reductase-encoding gene. LrC4H catalyzes the regioselective para-hydroxylation on trans-CA to form p-coumaric acid. The transcriptional levels of both LrPAL3 and LrC4H were positively associated with the GAL contents within the leaves and flowers of L. radiata, which suggested that their expression and function are co-regulated and involved in the biosynthesis of GAL. The present investigations on the biosynthetic genes of GAL will promote the development of synthetic biology platforms for this kind of important drug via metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Qiao
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinggang Luo
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4, Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Zhou F, Zhao E, Yan Z, Chen D, Zhao Y. Synthesis of 3,4-diarylsubstituted hexahydro-1H-indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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