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ÖMEROĞLU İ, DURMUŞ M. Water-soluble phthalocyanine photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:837-863. [PMID: 38173755 PMCID: PMC10760830 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on a photochemical reaction that is started when a photosensitizing process is activated by the light and results in the death of tumor cells. Solubility is crucial in PDT applications to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of phthalocyanines, but, unfortunately, most phthalocyanines show limited solubility especially in water. To increase the solubility of phthalocyanines in polar solvents and water, ionic groups such as -SO3-, -NR3+, -COO-, and nonionic groups such as polyoxy chains are frequently added to the peripheral or nonperipheral positions of the phthalocyanine framework. Since water-solubility and NIR-absorbing properties are essential for efficient PDT activation, studies have been focused on the synthesis of these types of phthalocyanine derivatives. This review focuses on the photophysical, photochemical, and some in vitro or in vivo studies of the recently published ionic and nonionic phthalocyanine-mediated photosensitizers carried out in the last five years. This review will have positive contributions to future studies on phthalocyanine chemistry and their PDT applications as well as photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- İpek ÖMEROĞLU
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli,
Turkiye
| | - Mahmut DURMUŞ
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli,
Turkiye
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2
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Matsuo Y, Ogumi K, Jeon I, Wang H, Nakagawa T. Recent progress in porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-containing perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32678-32689. [PMID: 35516522 PMCID: PMC9056672 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03234d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the application of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in perovskite solar cells to date. Since the first porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-based perovskite solar cells were reported in 2009, their power conversion efficiency has dramatically increased from 3.9% to over 20%. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines have mostly been used as the charge selective layers in these cells. In some cases, they have been used inside the perovskite photoactive layer to form two-dimensional perovskite structures. In other cases, they were used at the interface to engineer the surface energy level. This review gives a chronological introduction to the application of porphyrins and phthalocyanines for perovskite solar cells depending on their role. This review article also provides the history of porphyrin and phthalocyanine derivative development from the perspective of perovskite solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuo
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Keisuke Ogumi
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute 2-4-10 Aomi, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-0064 Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Huan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Takafumi Nakagawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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3
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Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling methodologies for the engineering of small molecules with applications in organic electronics and photovoltaics. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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4
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Güzel E, Şişman İ, Gül A, Koçak MB. Role of hexyloxy groups in zinc phthalocyanines bearing sulfonic acid anchoring groups for dye-sensitized solar cells. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine dyes bearing four sulfonic acid anchoring groups with (A-ZnPc) and without (H-ZnPc) four chloro and eight hexyloxy groups were used as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dyes were investigated in terms of their optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties. The presence of these groups in dye A-ZnPc resulted in both red-shifted absorption and decreased dye aggregation, which are beneficial for the improvement of device performance. In the presence of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as a coadsorbent, the DSSC based on H-ZnPc shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.96%, which is improved by [Formula: see text]40% as compared to the device without CDCA. However, the PCE of an A-ZnPc-based device with CDCA slightly enhances from 1.15% (without CDCA) to 1.22%, indicating that the bulky hexyloxy groups with large steric hindrance can effectively suppress aggregation of the adsorbed dye. The results showed that the zinc phthalocyanine dye bearing bulky hexyloxy groups is a promising candidate to construct efficient coadsorbent-free DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Güzel
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, 54050 Serdivan, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İlkay Şişman
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, 54050 Serdivan, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gül
- Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Makbule B. Koçak
- Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, İstanbul, Turkey
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5
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Nasrollahi R, Martín-Gomis L, Fernández-Lázaro F, Zakavi S, Sastre-Santos Á. Effect of the Number of Anchoring and Electron-Donating Groups on the Efficiency of Free-Base- and Zn-Porphyrin-Sensitized Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E650. [PMID: 30795530 PMCID: PMC6416604 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of porphyrin compounds, free base (H₂P) and their Zn (II) metallated analogues (ZnP), bearing one, two or three carboxylic acid groups, have been synthesized, characterized, and used as sensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The performance of these devices has been analyzed, showing higher efficiencies of those sensitized with ZnP compounds. These results have been explained, on one hand, taking into account the electronic character of the metal ion, which acts as mediator in the injection step, and, on the other, considering the number of anchoring groups, which determines both the stereoelectronic character of the dye and the way it binds to TiO₂ surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Nasrollahi
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Luis Martín-Gomis
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Saeed Zakavi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
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6
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Urbani M, Ragoussi ME, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T. Phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Harrath K, Hussain Talib S, Boughdiri S. Theoretical design of metal-phthalocyanine dye-sensitized solar cells with improved efficiency. J Mol Model 2018; 24:279. [PMID: 30215152 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present work carried out a theoretical study of the electronic structures, absorption spectra, and photovoltaic performance of two series of transition metal-phthalocyanine derived from nonperipheral electron-donating substituents, either (2-phenyl) phenoxy(M-PC1) or quinoleinoxy(M-PC2). The DFT and TD-DFT were employed for this study. The effect of modifying the central metal atoms and the substitution on cell performance were investigated in terms of polarizability (α), hyper-polarizability (β), chemical potential (μ), chemical hardness (η), electrophilicity power (ω), FMOs, energy gaps, UV/vis absorption spectra and injected driving force (ΔGinject), light harvesting efficiencies (LHE), total reorganization energy (λtot), open circuit photovoltage (Voc), and life time of the excited state (τ). The results obtained by using these parameters showed that the replacement of (2-phenyl) phenoxy by a proposed substituent such as quinoleinoxy would increase the hyper-polarizability, light harvesting efficiency, and open circuit photovoltage, while on the other hand the reorganization energy and the injection driving force are decreased. Modifying central metal atoms, such as Zn, Cd, Pd, and Pt, exhibited good performance in terms of the driving force of electron injection, charge transfer characteristics, and dye reorganization as compared with the Cu reference dye. The findings provided a useful prediction and perspective for the promising future for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with dyes based on phthalocyanine. Graphical abstract Photovoltaic performance of Metallo-phthalocyanine contening (2-phenyl) phenoxy and quinoleinoxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Harrath
- Unité de recherche physico-chimie des Matériaux à l'état condensé, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - S Hussain Talib
- Department of Chemistry, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, AJ&K, Islmabad, Pakistan
| | - S Boughdiri
- Unité de recherche physico-chimie des Matériaux à l'état condensé, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
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8
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Karaca H, Şişman İ, Güzel E, Sezer S, Selimoğlu F, Ergezen B, Karaca M, Eyüpoğlu V. Thiochalcone substituted phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells: Relation of optical and electrochemical properties for cell performance. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1468027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Karaca
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İlkay Şişman
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Emre Güzel
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sezer
- Institute of Chemical Technology, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Faysal Selimoğlu
- Department of Biotechnology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Bahar Ergezen
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Meryem Karaca
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Volkan Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
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9
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Wang JC, Hill SP, Dilbeck T, Ogunsolu OO, Banerjee T, Hanson K. Multimolecular assemblies on high surface area metal oxides and their role in interfacial energy and electron transfer. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:104-148. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
High surface area metal oxides offer a unique substrate for the assembly of multiple molecular components at an interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie C. Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Sean P. Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Tristan Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | | | - Tanmay Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
- Materials Science and Engineering
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10
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Milan R, Selopal GS, Cavazzini M, Orlandi S, Boaretto R, Caramori S, Concina I, Pozzi G. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on a push-pull zinc phthalocyanine bearing diphenylamine donor groups: computational predictions face experimental reality. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15675. [PMID: 29142212 PMCID: PMC5688058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational studies have suggested that the integration of secondary amine as donor groups in the structure of unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) should have positive effects on photovoltaic performance, once the molecule is integrated as light harvester in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Aiming at obtaining experimental confirmation, we synthesized a peripherally substituted push-pull ZnPc bearing three electron donating diphenylamine substituents and a carboxylic acid anchoring group and integrated it as sensitizer in TiO2-based DSSCs. Detailed functional characterization of solar energy converting devices resulted in ruling out the original hypothesis. The causes of this discrepancy have been highlighted, leading to a better understanding of the conditions for an effective design of push-pull diarylamino substituted ZnPcs for DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Milan
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Valotti, 9 - 25131, Brescia, Italy.,CNR-INO SENSOR Laboratory, via Branze, 45 - 25123, Brescia, Italy.,Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gurpreet Singh Selopal
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Valotti, 9 - 25131, Brescia, Italy.,Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China.,Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technology, ISTM-CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technology, ISTM-CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Boaretto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Isabella Concina
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Valotti, 9 - 25131, Brescia, Italy. .,CNR-INO SENSOR Laboratory, via Branze, 45 - 25123, Brescia, Italy. .,Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technology, ISTM-CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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11
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Martín-Gomis L, Parejo C, Álvarez JC, Fernández-Lázaro F, Sastre-Santos Á. Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on bulky tert-octylphenoxy-carboxyphenyl substituted phthalocyanine without the presence of co-adsorbents. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Hexadecachloro-substituted lanthanide(III) phthalocyaninates and their hybrid conjugates with gold nanoparticles: Synthesis and optical properties. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Furuyama T, Kobayashi N. Azaporphyrin phosphorus(v) complexes: synthesis, structure, and modification of optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15596-15612. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02155k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azaporphyrinoids, such as phthalocyanines (Pcs), tetraazaporphyrins (TAPs), and tetrabenzotriazacorroles (TBCs), are some of the most well-known and successful artificial dyes and pigments in modern material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kakuma-machi
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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14
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Yamamoto S, Zhang A, Stillman MJ, Kobayashi N, Kimura M. Low-Symmetry Ω-Shaped Zinc Phthalocyanine Sensitizers with Panchromatic Light-Harvesting Properties for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemistry 2016; 22:18760-18768. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Angel Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biology; The University of Western Ontario, London; Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biology; The University of Western Ontario, London; Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
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15
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Shi W, Peng B, Guo Y, Lin L, Peng T, Li R. Synthesis of asymmetric zinc phthalocyanine with bulky diphenylthiophenol substituents and its photovoltaic performance for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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The novel 2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy substituted phthalocyanine dyes having high singlet oxygen quantum yields. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Sakamoto K, Yoshino S, Takemoto M, Sugaya K, Kubo H, Komoriya T, Kamei S, Furukawa S. Synthesis of arylsulfanyl-subphthalocyanines and their ring expansion reaction. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615500194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For dye-sensitized solar cells, phthalocyanines require strong absorption of far-red light between 700 and 850 nm because of their high electron transfer efficiency. Nevertheless phthalocyanines lack of affinity to basal plats, they inhibit utilization as dye-sensitized solar cell photosensitizer. Then, subphthalocyanines are used as precursors to prepare asymmetric 3:1 type phthalocyanines using a ring-enlargement technique to give affinity to basal plates. As subphthalocyanines having arylsulfanyl substituents used as a precursor, asymmetric phthalocyanines are expected to have good affinity to basal plates. Spectroscopic properties and electron transfer abilities to synthesize non-peripheral arylsulfanyl-subphthalocyanines were estimated. In addition to prepare as trial, asymmetric 3:1 type phthalocyanine, hexakis[(4-methylphenyl)thio]phthalocyanine, was synthesized from corresponding subphthalocyanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshino
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Takemoto
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugaya
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kubo
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoe Komoriya
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Kamei
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furukawa
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
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18
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Dokládalová L, Bureš F, Kuznik W, Kityk IV, Wojciechowski A, Mikysek T, Almonasy N, Ramaiyan M, Padělková Z, Kulhánek J, Ludwig M. Dicyanobenzene and dicyanopyrazine derived X-shaped charge-transfer chromophores: comparative and structure-property relationship study. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5517-27. [PMID: 24948026 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00901k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel X-shaped push-pull compounds based on benzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile has been designed, synthesized and further investigated by X-ray analysis, electrochemistry, absorption and emission spectra, SHG experiment and quantum-chemical calculations. The obtained data were compared with those for isolobal 5,6-disubstituted pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles. Structure-property relationships were elucidated. The extension, composition and planarization of the π-linker used as well as the electron-withdrawing ability of both dicyano-substituted acceptor units affect the linear and nonlinear properties of the target charge-transfer chromophores most significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dokládalová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic.
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19
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Yamamoto A, Teramura K, Hosokawa S, Shishido T, Tanaka T. Visible-Light-Assisted Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Ammonia over Dye-Modified Titania Photocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Kıyak B, Esenpınar AA, Bulut M. Synthesis, characterization, photophysical and photochemical properties of zinc and indium phthalocyanines bearing a vanillylacetone moiety known as an anticarcinogenic agent. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Lin L, Peng B, Shi W, Guo Y, Li R. Synthesis of zinc phthalocyanine with large steric hindrance and its photovoltaic performance for dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5867-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03397c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric zinc phthalocyanine with large steric hindrance (Zn-tri-PcNc-8) shows a best efficiency of 3.01%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Bosi Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Wenye Shi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Yingying Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
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22
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Han M, Zhang X, Zhang X, Liao C, Zhu B, Li Q. Azo-coupled zinc phthalocyanines: Towards broad absorption and application in dye-sensitized solar cells. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Berhe SA, Gobeze HB, Pokharel SD, Park E, Youngblood WJ. Solid-state photogalvanic dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:10696-10705. [PMID: 24873290 DOI: 10.1021/am502473q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photogalvanic cells are photoelectrochemical systems wherein the semiconductor electrode is not a participant in primary photoinduced charge formation. The discovery of photoelectrochemical systems that successfully exploit secondary (thermal) electron injection at dye-semiconductor interfaces may enable studies of electron transfer at minimal driving force for electron injection into the semiconductor. In this study, we have examined thermal electron transfer from molecular sensitizers to nanostructured semiconductor electrodes composed of titanium dioxide nanorods by means of transient spectroscopy and the assembly and testing of photoelectrochemical cells. Electron-accepting molecular dyes have been studied alongside an arylamine electron donor. Thermal injection is estimated for a naphthacenequinone radical anion as a multiexponential decay process with initial decay lifetimes of 6 and 27 ps. The ambient electric field present during charge separation at a surface-adsorbed dye monolayer causes Stark shifts of the radical ion pair absorbance peaks that confounded kinetic estimation of thermal injection for a fullerene sensitizer. Electron-accepting dyes that operate by thermal injection into titanium dioxide function better in solid-state photoelectrochemical cells than in liquid-junction cells due to the kinetic advantage of solid-state cells with respect to photoinduced acceptor-quenching to form the necessary radical anion sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seare A Berhe
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
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24
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25
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Singh SP, Gayathri T. Evolution of BODIPY Dyes as Potential Sensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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26
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Singh VK, Kanaparthi RK, Giribabu L. Emerging molecular design strategies of unsymmetrical phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Chen C, Yang X, Cheng M, Zhang F, Zhao J, Sun L. Efficient panchromatic organic sensitizers with dihydrothiazole derivative as π-bridge for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10960-5. [PMID: 24107132 DOI: 10.1021/am403210v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Novel organic dyes CC201 and CC202 with dihydrothiazole derivative as π-bridge have been synthesizedand applied in the DSSCs. With the synergy electron-withdrawing of dihydrothiazole and cyanoacrylic acid, these two novel dyes CC201 and CC202 show excellent response in the region of 500-800 nm. An efficiency as high as 6.1% was obtained for the device fabricated by sensitizer CC202 together with cobalt electrolyte under standard light illumination (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm(-2)). These two novel D-π-A panchromatic organic dyes gave relatively high efficiencies except common reported squaraine dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology (DUT) , 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
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Sunahara K, Griffith MJ, Uchiyama T, Wagner P, Officer DL, Wallace GG, Mozer AJ, Mori S. A nonconjugated bridge in dimer-sensitized solar cells retards charge recombination without decreasing charge injection efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10824-10829. [PMID: 24188005 DOI: 10.1021/am403022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) employing a dimer porphyrin, which was synthesised with two porphyrin units connected without conjugation, have shown that both porphyrin components can contribute to photocurrent generation, that is, more than 50 % internal quantum efficiency. In addition, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the DSSCs was higher than that of DSSCs using monomer porphyrins. In this paper, we first optimized cell structure and fabrication conditions. We obtained more than 80% incident photon to current conversion efficiency from the dimer porphyrin sensitized DSSCs and higher Voc and energy conversion efficiency than monomer porphyrin sensitized solar cells. To examine the origin of the higher Voc, we measured electron lifetime in the DSSCs with various conditions, and found that the dimer system increased the electron lifetime by improving the steric blocking effect of the dye layer, whilst the lack of a conjugated linker prevents an increase in the attractive force between conjugated sensitizers and the acceptor species in the electrolyte. The results support a hypothesis; dispersion force is one of the factors influencing the electron lifetime in DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sunahara
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University , Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
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29
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Sakamoto K, Yoshino S, Takemoto M, Furuya N. Syntheses of near infrared absorbed phthalocyanines to utilize photosensitizers. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613500326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines have become of major interest as functional colorants for various applications. In order to use various applications especially photosensitizers, the absorption maxima called Q-band of phthalocyanines are required to be shifted to the near infrared region. Substituted phthalocyanine analog alkylbenzopiridoporphyrazins, especially zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine, and toroidal-shaped phthalocyanines having aminoamine dendric side chains such as toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons were synthesized. Phthalocyanines of two types reportedly use photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. The respective efficacies of photodynamic therapy of cancer for zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine and its regioisomers were estimated using laser-flash photolysis. The capability of using photodynamic therapy for toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons was assessed using a cancer cell culture. Both phthalocyanines were suitable for the use as a photosensitizer as photodynamic therapy of cancer. Then, non-peripheral thioaryl substituted phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines, such as 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethyl)phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethoxy)phthalocyanines, and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenyl tert-butyl)phthalocyanines were also synthesized in order to develop next- generation photovoltaic cells and/or dye-sensitized solar cells. Non-peripheral substituted 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines exhibited a Q-band in the near infrared region. Electrochemical measurements were performed on the above-mentioned 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines described above to examine their electron transfer abilities and electrochemical mechanisms. The compounds 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines are anticipated to be appropriate materials for use in the next generation of photovoltaic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshino
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Takemoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Furuya
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
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30
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Ragoussi ME, Ince M, Torres T. Recent Advances in Phthalocyanine-Based Sensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Tarakci DK, Gürol İ, Ahsen V. 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropoxy substituted oxo-titanium phthalocyanines axially ligated with common MALDI matrix materials. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613500399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of tetra and octa 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy substituted oxo-titanium phthalocyanines (TiOPc) are reported. Using strongly chelating oxygen donor ligands, the reactions of TiOPc with catecholate (1a, 2a), 4-nitrocatecholate (1b, 2b) and caffeic acid (1c, 2c), ellagic acid (1d, 2d) and chlorogenic acid (1e, 2e) are described. The new compounds were characterized by mass, 1 H NMR, FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques as well as elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kutlu Tarakci
- TUBITAK-Marmara Research Center, Materials Institute, PO Box 21, Gebze 41470, Turkey
| | - İlke Gürol
- TUBITAK-Marmara Research Center, Materials Institute, PO Box 21, Gebze 41470, Turkey
| | - Vefa Ahsen
- TUBITAK-Marmara Research Center, Materials Institute, PO Box 21, Gebze 41470, Turkey
- Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 141, Gebze 41400, Turkey
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32
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Kimura M, Nomoto H, Suzuki H, Ikeuchi T, Matsuzaki H, Murakami TN, Furube A, Masaki N, Griffith MJ, Mori S. Molecular Design Rule of Phthalocyanine Dyes for Highly Efficient Near-IR Performance in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemistry 2013; 19:7496-502. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Ragoussi ME, de la Torre G, Torres T. Tuning the Electronic Properties of Porphyrin Dyes: Effects ofmesoSubstitution on Their Optical and Electrochemical Behaviour. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Hayashi H, Touchy AS, Kinjo Y, Kurotobi K, Toude Y, Ito S, Saarenpää H, Tkachenko NV, Lemmetyinen H, Imahori H. Triarylamine-substituted imidazole- and quinoxaline-fused push-pull porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:508-517. [PMID: 23401121 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared a push-pull porphyrin with an electron-donating triarylamino group at the β,β'-edge through a fused imidazole group and an electron-withdrawing carboxyquinoxalino anchoring group at the opposite β,β'-edge (ZnPQI) and evaluated the effects of the push-pull structure of ZnPQI on optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties. ZnPQI showed red-shifted Soret and Q bands relative to a reference porphyrin with only an electron-withdrawing group (ZnPQ), thus demonstrating the improved light-harvesting property of ZnPQI. The optical HOMO-LUMO gap was consistent with that estimated by DFT calculations. The ZnPQI-sensitized solar cell exhibited a relatively high power conversion efficiency (η) of 6.8 %, which is larger than that of the ZnPQ-sensitized solar cell (η=6.3 %) under optimized conditions. The short-circuit current and fill factor of the ZnPQI-sensitized solar cell are larger than those of the ZnPQ-sensitized solar cell, whereas the open circuit potential of the ZnPQI-sensitized cell is smaller than that of the ZnPQ-sensitized cell, leading to an overall improved cell performance of ZnPQI. Such fundamental information provides a new tool for the rational molecular design of highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells based on push-pull porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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35
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Li Y, Lu P, Yan X, Jin L, Peng Z. Non-aggregated hyperbranched phthalocyanines: single molecular nanostructures for efficient semi-opaque photovoltaics. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21496b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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36
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Gürol İ, Gümüş G, Ahsen V. Synthesis and characterization of novel fluoroether-substituted phthalocyanines. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Zhang X, Mao L, Zhang D, Zhang L. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemistry of novel unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanines sensitizer with extended conjugation. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Ooyama Y, Harima Y. Photophysical and electrochemical properties, and molecular structures of organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:4032-80. [PMID: 22807392 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on organic dyes adsorbed on oxide semiconductor electrodes, such as TiO(2), ZnO, or NiO, which have emerged as a new generation of sustainable photovoltaic devices, have attracted much attention from chemists, physicists, and engineers because of enormous scientific interest in not only their construction and operational principles, but also in their high incident-solar-light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and low cost of production. To develop high-performance DSSCs, it is important to create efficient organic dye sensitizers, which should be optimized for the photophysical and electrochemical properties of the dyes themselves, with molecular structures that provide good light-harvesting features, good electron communication between the dye and semiconductor electrode and between the dye and electrolyte, and to control the molecular orientation and arrangement of the dyes on a semiconductor surface. The aim of this Review is not to make a list of a number of organic dye sensitizers developed so far, but to provide a new direction in the epoch-making molecular design of organic dyes for high photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of DSSCs, based on the accumulated knowledge of their photophysical and electrochemical properties, and molecular structures of the organic dye sensitizers developed so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Ooyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
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39
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Enhancement in photovoltaic performance of phthalocyanine-sensitized solar cells by attapulgite nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Wong EWY, Ovens JS, Leznoff DB. From Low to Very High Birefringence in Bis(2-pyridylimino)isoindolines: Synthesis and Structure-Property Analysis. Chemistry 2012; 18:6781-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Hablot D, Islam A, Han L, Ziessel R. Metal-Free and Fluorescent Diketopyrrolopyrrole Fluorophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Ince M, Cardinali F, Yum JH, Martínez-Díaz MV, Nazeeruddin MK, Grätzel M, Torres T. Convergent Synthesis of Near-Infrared Absorbing, “Push-Pull”, Bisthiophene-Substituted, Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines and their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemistry 2012; 18:6343-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Kim KH, Lee SM, Seo MH, Cho SE, Hwang WP, Park SH, Kim YK, Lee JK, Kim MR. Syntheses of organic dyes based on phenothiazine as photosensitizers and effects of their π-conjugated bridges on the photovoltaic performances of dye-sensitized solar cells. Macromol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-012-0017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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44
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Molecular engineering of thia-bridged triphenylamine heterohelicenes as novel organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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López-Duarte I, Wang M, Humphry-Baker R, Ince M, Martínez-Díaz MV, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T, Grätzel M. Molecular Engineering of Zinc Phthalocyanines with Phosphinic Acid Anchoring Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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López-Duarte I, Wang M, Humphry-Baker R, Ince M, Martínez-Díaz MV, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T, Grätzel M. Molecular Engineering of Zinc Phthalocyanines with Phosphinic Acid Anchoring Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1895-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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47
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Seikel E, Grau M, Käsmarker R, Oelkers B, Sundermeyer J. Synthesis and crystal structure of novel, soluble titanyl phthalocyanines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Imahori H, Iijima H, Hayashi H, Toude Y, Umeyama T, Matano Y, Ito S. Bisquinoxaline-fused porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:797-805. [PMID: 21591269 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-6'-carboxylquinoxalino[2,3-b]quinoxalino[12,13-b']porphyrinatozinc(II) (ZnPBQ) is synthesized to evaluate the effects of π elongation of quinoxaline-fused porphyrins on the optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties. ZnPBQ showed an intensified Soret band as well as red-shifted Soret and Q bands relative to 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-6'-carboxylquinoxalino[2,3-b]porphyrinatozinc(II) (ZnPQ), demonstrating the improved light-harvesting property of ZnPBQ. The optical and electrochemical HOMO-LUMO gaps were consistent with those estimated by DFT calculations. The photovoltaic properties were compared under optimized conditions, in which a sealed device structure with TiCl(4) -treated, TiO(2) double layers was used. The ZnPBQ cell exhibited a relatively high power conversion efficiency (η) of 4.7%, which was smaller than that of the ZnPQ cell (η=6.3%). The weaker electronic coupling between the LUMO of ZnPBQ and conduction band (CB) of TiO(2) or more tilted geometry of ZnPBQ on the TiO(2) surface may result in the low electron injection/charge collection efficiency as well as the low incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) for the ZnPBQ cell (maximum IPCE=56%) relative to the ZnPQ cell (maximum IPCE=75%), leading to the lower η value of the ZnPBQ cell than that of the ZnPQ cell. In addition, the open-circuit potential of the ZnPBQ cell also slightly decreased with the effect of charge recombination from the electrons injected into the CB of TiO(2) to I(3)(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imahori
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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49
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Karlsson KM, Jiang X, Eriksson SK, Gabrielsson E, Rensmo H, Hagfeldt A, Sun L. Phenoxazine dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells: relationship between molecular structure and electron lifetime. Chemistry 2011; 17:6415-24. [PMID: 21509836 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of metal-free organic dyes with a core phenoxazine chromophore have been synthesized and tested as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. Overall conversion efficiencies of 6.03-7.40% were reached under standard AM 1.5G illumination at a light intensity of 100 mW cm(-2) . A clear trend in electron lifetime could be seen; a dye with a furan-conjugated linker showed a shorter lifetime relative to dyes with the acceptor group directly attached to the phenoxazine. The addition of an extra donor unit, which bore insulating alkoxyl chains, in the 7-position of the phenoxazine could increase the lifetime even further and, together with additives in the electrolyte to raise the conduction band, an open circuit voltage of 800 mV could be achieved. From photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the dyes adsorbed on TiO(2) particles, it can be concluded that the excitation is mainly of cyano character (i.e., on average, the dye molecules are standing on, and pointing out, from the surface of TiO(2) particles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Martin Karlsson
- Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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50
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Kim D, Kim C, Choi H, Song K, Kang MS, Ko J. A new class of organic sensitizers with fused planar triphenylamine for nanocrystalline dye sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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