1
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Structures of eleven organic acid-base adducts from 2-aminobenzothiazole/2-aminothiazole and acidic compounds. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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2
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Li C, Campillo-Alvarado G, Swenson DC, MacGillivray LR. Photoreactive salt cocrystal: N+–H⋯N hydrogen bond and cation–π interactions support a cascade-like photodimerization of a 4-stilbazole. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01885f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds (i.e., N+–H⋯N) in combination with cation⋯π interactions enable a cascade-like [2 + 2] photodimerization of 4-stilbazole in a salt cocrystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Iowa
- Iowa City
- USA
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3
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Song L, Robeyns K, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Leyssens T. Combining API in a dual-drug ternary cocrystal approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13229-13232. [PMID: 33030160 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy is developed to design multi-drug solid forms. Using an inorganic salt as the glue sticking together two different APIs in a "drug-bridge-drug" approach, we successfully created and characterized three different ternary ionic cocrystals (TICCs). The link between binary and ternary ICCs and the importance of reaction stoichiometry was investigated using ternary solid-state phase diagrams. In addition, we highlighted the crucial role of water for the stability of these systems, as well as the impact on solubility compared to the respective parent compounds. We expect the strategy presented here to be applicable to a large series of drug combinations, opening up a promising new way of building multi-drug systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Song
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, B-1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
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4
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Kozak A, Marek PH, Pindelska E. Structural Characterization and Pharmaceutical Properties of Three Novel Cocrystals of Ethenzamide With Aliphatic Dicarboxylic Acids. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:1476-1485. [PMID: 30414866 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ethenzamide (ET) was screened in cocrystallization experiments with pharmaceutically acceptable coformer molecules to discover materials of improved physicochemical properties, that is, higher solubility and better stability. Three novel cocrystals of ET with glutaric, malonic, and maleic acids were obtained by neat grinding and slow evaporation from solution. The purpose of the study was to notice the changes in the geometry and interactions of ET molecule in crystalline phase introduced by different acid and relate them to physicochemical properties of pure ET. Therefore, the crystal structure of the cocrystals was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The powder samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and 13C and 15N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Spectroscopic studies were supported by gauge including projector augmented wave calculations of chemical shielding constants. The high stability of cocrystals during direct compression was proved. The solubility in simulated gastric fluids for studied cocrystals appeared to be approximately 1.6 times-fold higher than ET. The dissolution rates of all ET cocrystals were not faster than the pure drug, but after 240 min, more drugs were released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kozak
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy With the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina H Marek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; Czochralski Laboratory of Advanced Crystal Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Pindelska
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy With the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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5
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Sathisaran I, Dalvi SV. Engineering Cocrystals of PoorlyWater-Soluble Drugs to Enhance Dissolution in Aqueous Medium. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E108. [PMID: 30065221 PMCID: PMC6161265 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II and IV drugs suffer from poor aqueous solubility and hence low bioavailability. Most of these drugs are hydrophobic and cannot be developed into a pharmaceutical formulation due to their poor aqueous solubility. One of the ways to enhance the aqueous solubility of poorlywater-soluble drugs is to use the principles of crystal engineering to formulate cocrystals of these molecules with water-soluble molecules (which are generally called coformers). Many researchers have shown that the cocrystals significantly enhance the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. In this review, we present a consolidated account of reports available in the literature related to the cocrystallization of poorly water-soluble drugs. The current practice to formulate new drug cocrystals with enhanced solubility involves a lot of empiricism. Therefore, in this work, attempts have been made to understand a general framework involved in successful (and unsuccessful) cocrystallization events which can yield different solid forms such as cocrystals, cocrystal polymorphs, cocrystal hydrates/solvates, salts, coamorphous solids, eutectics and solid solutions. The rationale behind screening suitable coformers for cocrystallization has been explained based on the rules of five i.e., hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding (and in general non-covalent bonding), length of carbon chain, molecular recognition points and coformer aqueous solubility. Different techniques to screen coformers for effective cocrystallization and methods to synthesize cocrystals have been discussed. Recent advances in technologies for continuous and solvent-free production of cocrystals have also been discussed. Furthermore, mechanisms involved in solubilization of these solid forms and the parameters influencing dissolution and stability of specific solid forms have been discussed. Overall, this review provides a consolidated account of the rationale for design of cocrystals, past efforts, recent developments and future perspectives for cocrystallization research which will be extremely useful for researchers working in pharmaceutical formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indumathi Sathisaran
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
| | - Sameer Vishvanath Dalvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
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6
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Zhao YN, Zhang SR, Wang W, Xu YH, Che GB. A 3D metal–organic framework with dual-aerial-octahedral trinucleate building units: synthesis, structure and fluorescence sensing properties. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
JLNU-2 can be used to detect nitrobenzene with high selectivity, sensitivity, anti-interference ability and recyclability through tracing the fluorescence quenching behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Changchun 130103
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Changchun 130103
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Changchun 130103
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Changchun 130103
- People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education
| | - Guang-Bo Che
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Changchun 130103
- People's Republic of China
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7
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Aly AAM, Vatsadze SZ, Walfort B, Rüffer T, Lang H. Coordination polymers of silver(I) with ditopic cross-conjugated dienone. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023617120038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Oruganti M, Nechipadappu SK, Khade PA, Trivedi DR. Solid-State Versatility of the Molecular Salts/Cocrystals of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic Acid: A Case Study on Halogen Bonds. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7146-7162. [PMID: 31457294 PMCID: PMC6645404 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid (2c4n) is an antiviral agent used for the treatment of HIV infection and to boost the immune response in immune deficiency diseases. In the present study, a series of eight molecular salts of 2c4n with pyridyl and benzoic acid derivatives have been synthesized by a crystal engineering approach and were characterized structurally by various spectroscopic, thermal, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Crystal structures of all synthesized molecular salts were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. In all synthesized molecular salts, the charge-assisted acid···pyridine/amine heterosynthon was found to be the primary supramolecular synthon. The synthesized salts, namely, 2c4n.g and 2c4n.h salts were found to be isostructural. Further, in the current work, the occurrence of weak halogen bonds in the presence of strong hydrogen bonds in the synthesized and in the reported molecular salts/cocrystals of 2c4n has been investigated. A detailed inspection of the crystal structures of salts/cocrystals of 2c4n was carried out to demonstrate the importance of halogen bonds in these crystal structures. It was found that 4 out of 8 synthesized molecular salts and 12 out of 24 reported molecular adducts of 2c4n were found to exhibit halogen bonds in their crystal structures. A similar kind of conformational change was observed for molecular salts exhibiting halogen bonds in their crystal structures; however, the conformations were found to be slightly different in other molecular salts. It was observed that two-point primary supramolecular synthon and stronger intramolecular Cl···O halogen bonds in the molecular adducts of 2c4n are found to be more susceptible to exhibit halogen bonds in their crystal structures. Halogen bond interactions played a vital role in the crystal stabilization of these molecular adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Oruganti
- Supramolecular
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, National Institute
of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Srinivasnagar, Mangalore, 575 025 Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Nechipadappu
- Supramolecular
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, National Institute
of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Srinivasnagar, Mangalore, 575 025 Karnataka, India
| | - Pavan A. Khade
- Supramolecular
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, National Institute
of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Srinivasnagar, Mangalore, 575 025 Karnataka, India
| | - Darshak R. Trivedi
- Supramolecular
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, National Institute
of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Srinivasnagar, Mangalore, 575 025 Karnataka, India
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9
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Goswami PK, Kumar V, Thaimattam R, Ramanan A. Structural landscape of multicomponent solids of 5-aminosalicylic acid. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01008g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization of ten new multicomponent solids of 5-aminosalicylic acid with various inorganic and organic coformers has been achieved by mechanochemical and solvent evaporation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar Goswami
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | | | - Arunachalam Ramanan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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10
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Campos-Gaxiola JJ, García-Grajeda BA, Hernández-Ahuactzi IF, Guerrero-Álvarez JA, Höpfl H, Cruz-Enríquez A. Supramolecular networks in molecular complexes of pyridine boronic acids and polycarboxylic acids: synthesis, structural characterization and fluorescence properties. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00762k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
3- and 4-pyridineboronic acids have been combined with trimesic and pyromellitic acids to give three molecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jorge A. Guerrero-Álvarez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos
- Cuernavaca
- Mexico
| | - Herbert Höpfl
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos
- Cuernavaca
- Mexico
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11
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Different carboxylic acid homodimers in self-assemblies of adducts of 3-carboxyphenoxyacetic acid with nitrogen containing compounds. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-016-1071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Oruganti M, Khade P, Das UK, Trivedi DR. The hierarchies of hydrogen bonds in salts/cocrystals of isoniazid and its Schiff base – a case study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14951g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of two salts of isoniazid and two cocrystals of its Schiff base have been synthesized and well characterized. Further, the hydrogen bonding patterns have been studied and the correlation between the bond distances and corresponding pKa's have been deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Oruganti
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK)-Surathkal
- Mangalore-575 025
- India
| | - Pavan Khade
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal
- Mangalore-575 025
- India
| | - Uttam Kumar Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Darshak R. Trivedi
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK)-Surathkal
- Mangalore-575 025
- India
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13
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Duggirala NK, Perry ML, Almarsson Ö, Zaworotko MJ. Pharmaceutical cocrystals: along the path to improved medicines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:640-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 626] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cocrystals, a long known but understudied class of crystalline solids, have attracted interest from crystal engineers and pharmaceutical scientists in the past decade and are now an integral part of the preformulation stage of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga K. Duggirala
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Sciences and Bernal Institute
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Republic of Ireland
| | - Miranda L. Perry
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Sciences and Bernal Institute
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Michael J. Zaworotko
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Sciences and Bernal Institute
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Republic of Ireland
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14
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Interconversion of host–guest components in supramolecular assemblies of polycarboxylic acids and reduced Schiff bases. Struct Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-015-0699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Jin S, Zhang H, Liu H, Wen X, Li M, Wang D. Structure of eight molecular salts assembled from noncovalent bonding between carboxylic acids, imidazole, and benzimidazole. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Moorthy JN, Natarajan P, Krishna MS, Nagarajaiah H, Venugopalan P. Isomorphous three-component crystals (pseudopolymorphs of binary cocrystals) based on lattice inclusion of guests with a sterically-rigidified tetraarylpyrene host. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Singh UP, Tomar K, Kashyap S. Supramolecular assemblies of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and 3,5-substituted pyrazoles: formation and structural analysis. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce02117g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) with various 3,5-substituted pyrazoles resulted in different host guest assemblies. Theoretical calculations were used to calculate the interaction energy and their comparison with the experimental data obtained through thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udai P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee – 247 667, India
| | - Kapil Tomar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee – 247 667, India
| | - Sujata Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee – 247 667, India
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18
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Mouchaham G, Gualino M, Roques N, Duhayon C, Brandès S, Sutter JP. Supramolecular open-framework architectures based on dicarboxylate H-bond acceptors and polytopic cations with three/four N–H+donor units. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular assemblages based on cationic H-donors and anionic H-acceptors have been envisioned to elaborate organic open frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Mouchaham
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
| | - Marion Gualino
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
| | - Nans Roques
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
| | - Carine Duhayon
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
| | - Stéphane Brandès
- ICMUB (Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne)
- UMR 6302 CNRS
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Sutter
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
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19
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Trimer formation of 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in salt with organic and inorganic acids: analysis of supramolecular architecture. Sci China Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Jin S, Zhang J, Wang D, Tao L, Zhou M, Shen Y, Chen Q, Lin Z, Gao X. Structure of six organic acid–base adducts from 6-bromobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine and acidic compounds. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Bisht KK, Patel P, Rachuri Y, Eringathodi S. Binary co-crystals of the active pharmaceutical ingredient 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene and camphoric acid. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2014; 70:63-71. [PMID: 24441129 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520613031260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-crystals comprising the active pharmaceutical ingredient 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene, C12H10N4, and the chiral co-formers (+)-, (-)- and (rac)-camphoric acid (cam), C10H16O4, have been synthesized. Two different stoichiometries of the API and co-former are obtained, namely 1:1 and 3:2. Crystallization experiments suggest that the 3:2 co-crystal is kinetically favoured over the 1:1 co-crystal. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the co-crystals reveals N-H...O hydrogen bonding as the primary driving force for crystallization of the supramolecular structures. The 1:1 co-crystal contains undulating hydrogen-bonded ribbons, in which the chiral cam molecules impart a helical twist. The 3:2 co-crystal contains discrete Z-shaped motifs comprising three molecules of the API and two molecules of cam. The 3:2 co-crystals with (+)-cam, (-)-cam (space group P21) and (rac)-cam (space group P21/n) are isostructural. The enantiomeric co-crystals contain pseudo-symmetry consistent with space group P21/n, and the co-crystal with (rac)-cam represents a solid solution between the co-crystals containing (+)-cam and (-)-cam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kumar Bisht
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Priyank Patel
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Yadagiri Rachuri
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Suresh Eringathodi
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, Gujarat, India
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22
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Abstract
How do molecules aggregate in solution, and how do these aggregates consolidate themselves in crystals? What is the relationship between the structure of a molecule and the structure of the crystal it forms? Why do some molecules adopt more than one crystal structure? Why do some crystal structures contain solvent? How does one design a crystal structure with a specified topology of molecules, or a specified coordination of molecules and/or ions, or with a specified property? What are the relationships between crystal structures and properties for molecular crystals? These are some of the questions that are being addressed today by the crystal engineering community, a group that draws from the larger communities of organic, inorganic, and physical chemists, crystallographers, and solid state scientists. This Perspective provides a brief historical introduction to crystal engineering itself and an assessment of the importance and utility of the supramolecular synthon, which is one of the most important concepts in the practical use and implementation of crystal design. It also provides a look to the future from the viewpoint of the author, and indicates some directions in which this field might be moving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam R Desiraju
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.
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23
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Gao X, Jin S, Liang S, Chen W, Wang D. Structure of four molecular salts assembled from noncovalent associations between carboxylic acids and aromatic bases containing benzimidazole moiety. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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25
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Castro-Montes P, Guerrero-Alvarez JA, Hopfl H, Campos-Gaxiola JJ, Cruz-Enriquez A. 4-[(E)-2-(Pyridin-2-yl)ethen-yl]pyridine-terephthalic acid (2/1). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o3383-4. [PMID: 23476215 PMCID: PMC3588979 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812046284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The title 2:1 co-crystal, 2C12H10N2·C8H6O4, crystallizes with one molecule of 4-[(E)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethenyl]pyridine (A) and one half-molecule of terephthalic acid (B) in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, the components are linked through heterodimeric COOH⋯Npyridine synthons, forming linear aggregates of composition –A–B–A–B–. Further linkage through weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions gives two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded undulating sheets propagating in the [100] and [010] directions. These layers are connected through additional weak C—H⋯O contacts, forming a three-dimensional structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castro-Montes
- Facultad de Ingenieria Mochis, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Fuente Poseidon y Prol. A. Flores S/N, CP 81223, C.U. Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico
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Structure of six anhydrous molecular salts assembled from noncovalent associations between carboxylic acids and bis-N-imidazoles. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Goswami S, Das NK, Sen D, Fun HK. A case study of solid state inhibition lock opening of pyridine N-oxide in dicarboxylic acid recognition. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2012.656123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamaprosad Goswami
- a Department of Chemistry , Bengal Engineering and Science University , Shibpur, Howrah , 711103 , West Bengal , India
| | - Nirmal Kumar Das
- a Department of Chemistry , Bengal Engineering and Science University , Shibpur, Howrah , 711103 , West Bengal , India
| | - Debabrata Sen
- a Department of Chemistry , Bengal Engineering and Science University , Shibpur, Howrah , 711103 , West Bengal , India
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- b X-Ray Crystallography Unit , School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia , 11800 USM, Penang , Malaysia
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Wang L, Zhao L, Xu L, Chen R, Yang Y. Interesting organic supramolecular structures constructed by piperazine/N,N′-dimethylpiperazine with aromatic multicomponent acids: synthon cooperation and structural diversity. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25627d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Aitipamula S, Wong ABH, Chow PS, Tan RBH. Polymorphism and phase transformations of a cocrystal of nicotinamide and pimelic acid. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce26151k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Seth SK, Mandal PC, Kar T, Mukhopadhyay S. A dinuclear oxo-bridged Fe(III) complex with tris(2-pyridylmethyl) amine: Structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Seth SK, Sarkar D, Roy A, Kar T. Insight into supramolecular self-assembly directed by weak interactions in acetophenone derivatives: crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05670k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Seth SK, Sarkar D, Kar T. Use of π–π forces to steer the assembly of chromone derivatives into hydrogen bonded supramolecular layers: crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rajput L, Santra R, Biradha K. Crystal Engineering Studies on Ionic Crystals of Pyridine and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Containing Amide Functional Groups. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch09415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Seven crystal structures of pyromellitic acid or trimesic acid salts of molecules that contain pyridine and amide functionalities were determined and their structures were analyzed in detail in terms of various intermolecular interactions. The presence of multiple functionalities (acid, pyridine, amide, and hydroxy groups) in these structures resulted in diversified supramolecular architectures. Amide-to-amide hydrogen bonds are not observed in any of these structures because of interference by the anions, water molecules, or pyridinium cations. The symmetry of the components was found to be important in determining the resultant supramolecular synthon and, therefore, the overall architecture. The pyromellitate anions exhibited four types of geometries which, differ in valencies and intramolecular hydrogen bonding, and these anions also exhibit self stacks when they have planar geometries.
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Upadhye K, PrakashaReddy J, Pedireddi V. C–H…N hydrogen bonds mediated solid state structures of 2,2′-bis(4-pyridylsulfanylmethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl and 9-(4-pyridylsulfanyl)phenanthrene. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Braga D, d'Agostino S, Polito M, Rubini K, Grepioni F. Caesium 18-crown[6] complexes with aromatic polycarboxylate anions: preparation, solid-state characterization and thermal behaviour. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b907224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Men YB, Sun J, Huang ZT, Zheng QY. Organic hydrogen-bonded interpenetrating diamondoid frameworks from modular self-assembly of methanetetrabenzoic acid with linkers. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b822936h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Samai S, Biradha K. Halogen⋯halogen interactions in assembling β-sheets into 2D layers in the bis-(4-halo-phenylamido)alkanes and their co-crystals via inter-halogen interactions. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b813263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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