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Zheng H, Pei L, Deng H, Gao H, Gao H. Electronic effects of amine-imine nickel and palladium catalysts on ethylene (co)polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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2
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Late Transition Metal Catalysts with Chelating Amines for Olefin Polymerization. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyolefins are the most consumed polymeric materials extensively used in our daily life and are usually generated by coordination polymerization in the polyolefin industry. Olefin polymerization catalysts containing transition metal–organic compound combinations are undoubtedly crucial for the development of the polyolefin industry. The nitrogen donor atom has attracted considerable interest and is widely used in combination with the transition metal for the fine-tuning of the chemical environment around the metal center. In addition to widely reported olefin polymerization catalysts with imine and amide donors (sp2 hybrid N), late transition metal catalysts with chelating amine donors (sp3 hybrid N) for olefin polymerization have never been reviewed. In this review paper, we focus on late transition metal (Ni, Pd, Fe, and Co) catalysts with chelating amines for olefin polymerization. A variety of late transition metal catalysts bearing different neutral amine donors are surveyed for olefin polymerization, including amine–imine, amine–pyridine, α-diamine, and [N, N, N] tridentate ligands with amine donors. The relationship between catalyst structure and catalytic performance is also encompassed. This review aims to promote the design of late transition metal catalysts with unique chelating amine donors for the development of high-performance polyolefin materials.
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Enamullah M, Mostafizur Rahman M, Khairul Islam M, Woschko D, Janiak C, Pescitelli G. Characterization of Diastereomeric Equilibria of Pseudotetrahedral Bis[(R or S)-N-1-(Ar)Ethylsalicylaldiminato-κ 2 N,O]zinc(II) with Λ/Δ-Chirality-At-Metal Induction. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200116. [PMID: 35822916 PMCID: PMC9278105 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A family of bis[(R or S)‐N‐1‐(Ar)ethylsalicylaldiminato‐κ2N,O]‐Δ/Λ‐zinc(II) {Ar=C6H5 (ZnRL1 or ZnSL1), p‐CH3OC6H4 (ZnRL2 or ZnSL2) and p‐ClC6H4 (ZnRL3 or ZnSL3)} compounds was synthesized and investigated by multiple methods. They feature Λ/Δ‐chirality‐at‐metal induction along the pseudo‐C2 axis of the molecules. The chirality induction is quantitative in the solid state, explored by X‐ray crystallography and powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), where R or S‐ligated complexes diastereoselectively yield Λ or Δ‐configuration at the metal. On the other hand, Λ and Δ‐diastereomers co‐exist in solution. The Λ⇆Δ equilibrium is solvent‐ and temperature‐dependent. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra confirm the existence of a diastereomeric excess of Λ‐ZnRL1−3 or Δ‐ZnSL1−3 in solution. DSC analysis reveals thermally induced irreversible phase transformation from a crystalline solid to an isotropic liquid phase. ECD spectra were reproduced by DFT geometry optimizations and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations, providing ultimate proof of the dominant chirality atmetal in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Enamullah
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, 1342, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Dennis Woschko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Zhai F, Jordan RF. Complexation of an indole-based α-aminoimine ligand to Pd(II). Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yu KH, Huang SL, Liu YH, Wang Y, Liu ST, Cheng YC, Lin YF, Chen JT. Kinetics, Mechanism and Theoretical Studies of Norbornene-Ethylene Alternating Copolymerization Catalyzed by Organopalladium(II) Complexes Bearing Hemilabile α-Amino-pyridine. Molecules 2017; 22:E1095. [PMID: 28665348 PMCID: PMC6152412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic methylpalladium complexes bearing hemilabile bidentate α-amino-pyridines can serve as effective precursors for catalytic alternating copolymerization of norbornene (N) and ethylene (E), under mild conditions. The norbornyl palladium complexes in the formula of {[RHNCH₂(o-C₆H₄N)]Pd(C₇H10Me)(NCMe)}(BF₄) (R = iPr (2a), tBu (2b), Ph (2c), 2,6-Me₂C₆H₃ (2d), 2,6-iPr₂C₆H₃ (2e)) were synthesized via single insertion of norbornene into the corresponding methylpalladium complexes 1a-1e, respectively. Both square planar methyl and norbornyl palladium complexes exhibit facile equilibria of geometrical isomerization, via sterically-controlled amino decoordination-recoordination of amino-pyridine. Kinetic studies of E-insertion, N-insertion of complexes 1 and 2, and the geometric isomerization reactions have been examined by means of VT-NMR, and found in excellent agreement with the results estimated by DFT calculations. The more facile N-insertion in the cis-isomers, and ready geometric isomerization, cooperatively lead to a new mechanism that accounts for the novel catalytic formation of alternating COC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shiuh-Tzung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Jwu-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Enamullah M, Makhloufi G, Ahmed R, Joy BA, Islam MA, Padula D, Hunter H, Pescitelli G, Janiak C. Synthesis, X-ray, and Spectroscopic Study of Dissymmetric Tetrahedral Zinc(II) Complexes from Chiral Schiff Base Naphthaldiminate Ligands with Apparent Exception to the ECD Exciton Chirality. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6449-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Enamullah
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gamall Makhloufi
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rifat Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Baitul Alif Joy
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Daniele Padula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Howard Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Therrien JA, Wolf MO, Patrick BO. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with palladium bis-N-heterocyclic carbene pincer complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12962-72. [PMID: 25337973 DOI: 10.1021/ic502056w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyridine- and lutidine-linked bis-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) palladium pincer complexes were electrochemically characterized and screened for CO2 reduction capability with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, acetic acid, or 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as proton sources. The lutidine-linked pincer complexes electrocatalytically reduce CO2 to CO at potentials as low as -1.6 V versus Ag/AgNO3 in the presence of TFA. The one-electron reduction of these complexes is shown to be chemically reversible, yielding a monometallic species, with density functional theory studies indicating charge storage on the redox-active ligand, thus addressing a major source of deactivation in earlier triphosphine electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Therrien
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Enamullah M, Uddin AKMR, Pescitelli G, Berardozzi R, Makhloufi G, Vasylyeva V, Chamayou AC, Janiak C. Induced chirality-at-metal and diastereoselectivity at Δ/Λ-configured distorted square-planar copper complexes by enantiopure Schiff base ligands: combined circular dichroism, DFT and X-ray structural studies. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:3313-29. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52871e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Bernhardt PV, Calvet T, Crespo M, Font-Bardía M, Jansat S, Martínez M. New Insights in the Formation of Five- Versus Seven-Membered Platinacycles: A Kinetico-Mechanistic Study. Inorg Chem 2012; 52:474-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3023584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular
Biosciences, University of Queensland,
Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Teresa Calvet
- Departament de Mineralogia,
Cristal·lografia i Dipòsits Minerals, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, E-08028
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Crespo
- Departament
de Química
Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E0-028
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardía
- Departament de Mineralogia,
Cristal·lografia i Dipòsits Minerals, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, E-08028
Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat
de Difracció de
RX, Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat
de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Solè i Sabarís 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susanna Jansat
- Departament
de Química
Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E0-028
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez
- Departament
de Química
Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E0-028
Barcelona, Spain
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Chamayou AC, Lüdeke S, Brecht V, Freedman TB, Nafie LA, Janiak C. Chirality and diastereoselection of Δ/Λ-configured tetrahedral zinc complexes through enantiopure Schiff base complexes: combined vibrational circular dichroism, density functional theory, 1H NMR, and X-ray structural studies. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:11363-74. [PMID: 22017347 DOI: 10.1021/ic2009557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The metal-centered Δ/Λ-chirality of four-coordinated, nonplanar Zn(A(^)B)(2) complexes is correlated to the chirality of the bidentate enantiopure (R)-A(^)B or (S)-A(^)B Schiff base building blocks [A(^)B = (R)- or (S)-N-(1-(4-X-phenyl)ethyl)salicylaldiminato-κ(2)N,O with X = OCH(3), Cl, Br]. In the solid-state the (R) ligand chirality induces a Λ-M configuration and the (S) ligand chirality quantitatively gives the Δ-M configuration upon crystallization as deduced from X-ray single crystal studies. The diastereoselections of the pseudotetrahedral zinc-Schiff base complexes in CDCl(3) solution were investigated by (1)H NMR and by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. The appearance of two signals for the Schiff-base -CH═N- imine proton in (1)H NMR indicates an equilibrium of both Δ- and Λ-diastereomers with a diastereomeric ratio of roughly 20:80% for all three ligands. VCD proved to be very sensitive to the metal-centered Δ/Λ-chirality because of a characteristic band representing coupled vibrations of the two ligand's C═N stretch modes. The absolute configuration was assigned on the basis of agreement in sign with theoretical VCD spectra from Density Functional Theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christine Chamayou
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Yang FZ, Wang YH, Chang MC, Yu KH, Huang SL, Liu YH, Wang Y, Liu ST, Chen JT. Kinetic and mechanistic studies of geometrical isomerism in neutral square-planar methylpalladium complexes bearing unsymmetrical bidentate ligands of alpha-aminoaldimines. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:7639-44. [PMID: 19722684 DOI: 10.1021/ic900296y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of hemilabile ligands of alpha-aminoaldimines and their methylpalladium complexes have been prepared and characterized. Neutral square-planar methylpalladium complexes in the form of [R(1)R(2)NCMe(2)CH horizontal lineNR]Pd(Me)Cl (R = Me, R(1) = R(2) = Me (3a); R = Me, R(1) = R(2) = Et (3b); R = Et, R(1) = R(2) = Me (4a); R = (n)Pr, R(1) = R(2) = Me (5a); R = (i)Pr, R(1) = R(2) = Me (6a); R = (i)Pr, R(1) = R(2) = Et (6b); R = (i)Pr, (R(1), R(2)) = c-C(4)H(8) (6c); R = (i)Pr, R(1) = (i)Pr, R(2) = H (6d); R = (i)Pr, R(1) = (t)Bu, R(2) = H (6e); R = (t)Bu, R(1) = R(2) = Me (7a); R = (t)Bu, R(1) = R(2) = Et (7b); R = (t)Bu, (R(1), R(2)) = c-C(4)H(8) (7c); R = (t)Bu, R(1) = (i)Pr, R(2) = H (7d); R = (t)Bu, R(1) = (t)Bu, R(2) = H (7e); R = Ph, R(1) = R(2) = Me (8a); R = Ph, R(1) = R(2) = Et (8b)) show geometrical isomerism. The relative ratios of trans/cis isomers appear to be predominated by the steric hindrance between the Pd-bound methyl group and imino or amino substituents (R and R(1) and R(2)). The NMR studies for the substitution reaction of (COD)Pd(Me)Cl with Et(2)NCMe(2)CH horizontal lineN(i)Pr at -20 degrees C indicate that cis-6b is the major kinetic product, which isomerizes to the thermodynamic product in trans form quantitatively above -5 degrees C. Kinetic results show that the ligand substitution reaction likely undergoes an associative pathway, and the isomerization reaction proceeds via an intramolecular process that comprises imine dissociation and recoordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Zhao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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12
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Yang FZ, Chen YC, Lin YF, Yu KH, Liu YH, Wang Y, Liu ST, Chen JT. Nickel catalysts bearing bidentate α-aminoaldimines for ethylene polymerization—independent and cooperative structure/reactivity relationship resulting from unsymmetric square planar coordination. Dalton Trans 2009:1243-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b814423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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