1
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Safaripour S, Anand G, Snoeyink C. Thermodynamic Analysis of Capillary and Electric Field Effects on Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium: A Study on the Water-Ethanol Mixture. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9181-9190. [PMID: 37844296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates phase equilibrium manipulation in nonideal mixtures through a combined capillary and external electric field approach. Utilizing thermodynamic principles, an expression is established for estimating the equilibrium liquid mole fraction in a confined system subjected to a localized electric field within a capillary that is filled with a liquid phase in equilibrium with its vapor counterpart. Applied to a water-ethanol system, the model suggests large shifts in the equilibrium liquid mole fraction of water due to the electric field and capillary effects. These findings reveal that while the capillary's influence remains negligible for radii exceeding 10 nm, capillaries of smaller dimensions, when exposed to electric fields of around 300 MV/m, can amplify the equilibrium liquid water mole fraction by up to 55%. This suggests the potential for phase equilibrium control through larger capillaries and lower electric fields, while intriguing complexities arise at very small radii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Safaripour
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Gaurav Anand
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Craig Snoeyink
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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2
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Wu H, Ghaani MR, Nandi PK, English NJ. Investigation of Dipolar Response of the Hydrated Hen-Egg White Lysozyme Complex under Externally Applied Electric Fields: Insights from Non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:858-868. [PMID: 35060735 PMCID: PMC8819654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HaoLun Wu
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghaani
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Prithwish K. Nandi
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Irish Centre for High-End Computing, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niall J. English
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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3
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Vanzo D, Luzar A, Bratko D. Reversible electrowetting transitions on superhydrophobic surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27005-27013. [PMID: 34846052 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04220c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electric field applied across the interface has been shown to enable transitions from the Cassie to the Wenzel state on superhydrophobic surfaces with miniature corrugations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations manifest the possibility of reversible cycling between the two states when narrow surface wells support spontaneous expulsion of water in the absence of the field. With approximately 1 nm sized wells between the surface asperities, the response times to changes in the electric field are of O(0.1) ns, allowing up to GHz frequency of the cycle. Because of the orientation preferences of interfacial water in contact with the solid, the phenomenon depends on the polarity of the field normal to the interface. The threshold field strength for the Cassie-to-Wenzel transition is significantly lower for the field pointing from the aqueous phase to the surface; however, once in the Wenzel state, the opposite field direction secures tighter filling of the wells. Considerable hysteresis revealed by the delayed water retraction at decreasing field strength indicates the presence of moderate kinetic barriers to expulsion. Known to scale approximately with the square of the length scale of the corrugations, these barriers preclude the use of increased corrugation sizes while the reduction of the well diameter necessitates stronger electric fields. Field-controlled Cassie-to-Wenzel transitions are therefore optimized by using superhydrophobic surfaces with nanosized corrugations. Abrupt changes indicate a high degree of cooperativity reflecting the correlations between the wetting states of interconnected wells on the textured surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vanzo
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
| | - A Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
| | - D Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
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4
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Lynch C, Rao S, Sansom MSP. Water in Nanopores and Biological Channels: A Molecular Simulation Perspective. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10298-10335. [PMID: 32841020 PMCID: PMC7517714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This Review explores the dynamic behavior of water within nanopores and biological channels in lipid bilayer membranes. We focus on molecular simulation studies, alongside selected structural and other experimental investigations. Structures of biological nanopores and channels are reviewed, emphasizing those high-resolution crystal structures, which reveal water molecules within the transmembrane pores, which can be used to aid the interpretation of simulation studies. Different levels of molecular simulations of water within nanopores are described, with a focus on molecular dynamics (MD). In particular, models of water for MD simulations are discussed in detail to provide an evaluation of their use in simulations of water in nanopores. Simulation studies of the behavior of water in idealized models of nanopores have revealed aspects of the organization and dynamics of nanoconfined water, including wetting/dewetting in narrow hydrophobic nanopores. A survey of simulation studies in a range of nonbiological nanopores is presented, including carbon nanotubes, synthetic nanopores, model peptide nanopores, track-etched nanopores in polymer membranes, and hydroxylated and functionalized nanoporous silica. These reveal a complex relationship between pore size/geometry, the nature of the pore lining, and rates of water transport. Wider nanopores with hydrophobic linings favor water flow whereas narrower hydrophobic pores may show dewetting. Simulation studies over the past decade of the behavior of water in a range of biological nanopores are described, including porins and β-barrel protein nanopores, aquaporins and related polar solute pores, and a number of different classes of ion channels. Water is shown to play a key role in proton transport in biological channels and in hydrophobic gating of ion channels. An overall picture emerges, whereby the behavior of water in a nanopore may be predicted as a function of its hydrophobicity and radius. This informs our understanding of the functions of diverse channel structures and will aid the design of novel nanopores. Thus, our current level of understanding allows for the design of a nanopore which promotes wetting over dewetting or vice versa. However, to design a novel nanopore, which enables fast, selective, and gated flow of water de novo would remain challenging, suggesting a need for further detailed simulations alongside experimental evaluation of more complex nanopore systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte
I. Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
| | - Shanlin Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
| | - Mark S. P. Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
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5
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Shafiei M, Ojaghlou N, Zamfir SG, Bratko D, Luzar A. Modulation of structure and dynamics of water under alternating electric field and the role of hydrogen bonding. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1651919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shafiei
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - N. Ojaghlou
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S. G. Zamfir
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - D. Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A. Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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6
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Elgabarty H, Kaliannan NK, Kühne TD. Enhancement of the local asymmetry in the hydrogen bond network of liquid water by an ultrafast electric field pulse. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10002. [PMID: 31292493 PMCID: PMC6620291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Condensed phase electron decomposition analysis based on density functional theory has recently revealed an asymmetry in the hydrogen-bond network in liquid water, in the sense that a significant population of water molecules are simultaneously donating and accepting one strong hydrogen-bond and another substantially weaker one. Here we investigate this asymmetry, as well as broader structural and energetic features of water's hydrogen-bond network, following the application of an intense electric field square pulse that invokes the ultrafast reorientation of water molecules. We find that the necessary field-strength required to invoke an ultrafast alignment in a picosecond time window is on the order of 108 Vm-1. The resulting orientational anisotropy imposes an experimentally measurable signature on the structure and dynamics of the hydrogen-bond network, including its asymmetry, which is strongly enhanced. The dependence of the molecular reorientation dynamics on the field-strength can be understood by relating the magnitude of the water dipole-field interaction to the rotational kinetic energy, as well as the hydrogen-bond energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Elgabarty
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Naveen Kumar Kaliannan
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Thomas D Kühne
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany.
- Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing and Institute for Lightweight Design, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany.
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7
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Moučka F, Zamfir S, Bratko D, Luzar A. Molecular polarizability in open ensemble simulations of aqueous nanoconfinements under electric field. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:164702. [PMID: 31042910 DOI: 10.1063/1.5094170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular polarization at aqueous interfaces involves fast degrees of freedom that are often averaged-out in atomistic-modeling approaches. The resulting effective interactions depend on a specific environment, making explicit account of molecular polarizability particularly important in solutions with pronounced anisotropic perturbations, including solid/liquid interfaces and external fields. Our work concerns polarizability effects in nanoscale confinements under electric field, open to an unperturbed bulk environment. We model aqueous molecules and ions in hydrophobic pores using the Gaussian-charge-on-spring BK3-AH representation. This involves nontrivial methodology developments in expanded ensemble Monte Carlo simulations for open systems with long-ranged multibody interactions and necessitates further improvements for efficient modeling of polarizable ions. Structural differences between fixed-charge and polarizable models were captured in molecular dynamics simulations for a set of closed systems. Our open ensemble results with the BK3 model in neat-aqueous systems capture the ∼10% reduction of molecular dipoles within the surface layer near the hydrophobic pore walls in analogy to reported quantum mechanical calculations at water/vapor interfaces. The polarizability affects the interfacial dielectric behavior and weakens the electric-field dependence of water absorption at pragmatically relevant porosities. We observe moderate changes in thermodynamic properties and atom and charged-site spatial distributions; the Gaussian distribution of mobile charges on water and ions in the polarizable model shifts the density amplitudes and blurs the charge-layering effects associated with increased ion absorption. The use of polarizable force field indicates an enhanced response of interfacial ion distributions to applied electric field, a feature potentially important for in silico modeling of electric double layer capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moučka
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
| | - S Zamfir
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
| | - D Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
| | - A Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
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8
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Shafiei M, von Domaros M, Bratko D, Luzar A. Anisotropic structure and dynamics of water under static electric fields. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5079393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shafiei
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
| | - Michael von Domaros
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Dusan Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
| | - Alenka Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
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9
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Si W, Zhang Y, Sha J, Chen Y. Mechanisms of pressure-induced water infiltration process through graphene nanopores. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1559310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments and School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments and School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjie Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments and School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments and School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Daub CD, Åstrand PO, Bresme F. Polarisation of polar dumbbell fluids in thermal gradients: the importance of the treatment of electrostatic interactions. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1229058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher David Daub
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per-Olof Åstrand
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Ritos K, Borg MK, Mottram NJ, Reese JM. Electric fields can control the transport of water in carbon nanotubes. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0025. [PMID: 26712640 PMCID: PMC4696074 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The properties of water confined inside nanotubes are of considerable scientific and technological interest. We use molecular dynamics to investigate the structure and average orientation of water flowing within a carbon nanotube. We find that water exhibits biaxial paranematic liquid crystal ordering both within the nanotube and close to its ends. This preferred molecular ordering is enhanced when an axial electric field is applied, affecting the water flow rate through the nanotube. A spatially patterned electric field can minimize nanotube entrance effects and significantly increase the flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ritos
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Matthew K Borg
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Nigel J Mottram
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
| | - Jason M Reese
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
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12
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Zhu W, Zhao WH, Wang L, Yin D, Jia M, Yang J, Zeng XC, Yuan LF. Two-dimensional interlocked pentagonal bilayer ice: how do water molecules form a hydrogen bonding network? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:14216-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07524f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tradeoff between the conditions of an ideal hydrogen bonding network can serve as a generic guidance to understand the rich phase behaviors of nanoconfined water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiduo Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Di Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Min Jia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Lan-Feng Yuan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
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13
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Kayal A, Chandra A. Wetting and dewetting of narrow hydrophobic channels by orthogonal electric fields: Structure, free energy, and dynamics for different water models. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Kayal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Amalendu Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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14
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Hens A, Biswas G, De S. Evaporation of water droplets on Pt-surface in presence of external electric field—A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:094702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4929784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Martin DR, Matyushov DV. Photosynthetic diode: electron transport rectification by wetting the quinone cofactor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:22523-8. [PMID: 26171665 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report 11 μs of molecular dynamics simulations of the electron-transfer reaction between primary and secondary quinone cofactors in the bacterial reaction center. The main question addressed here is the mechanistic reason for unidirectional electron transfer between chemically identical cofactors. We find that electron is trapped at the secondary quinone by wetting of the protein pocket following electron transfer on the time-scale shorter than the backward transition. This mechanism provides effective rectification of the electron transport, making the reaction center a molecular diode operating by cyclic charge-induced electrowetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Martin
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, PO Box 871504, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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16
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Moucka F, Bratko D, Luzar A. Electrolyte pore/solution partitioning by expanded grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo simulation. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:124705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4914461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Moucka
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
- Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Dusan Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
| | - Alenka Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA
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17
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Chandramouli B, Zazza C, Mancini G, Brancato G. Boundary condition effects on the dynamic and electric properties of hydration layers. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:5465-75. [PMID: 25752804 DOI: 10.1021/jp511824t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water solvation has a central role in several biochemical processes ranging from protein folding to biomolecular recognition and enzyme catalysis. Because of its importance, the structure and dynamics of hydration layers around biological macromolecules have been the targets of a great number of experimental and computational studies. In the present contribution, we have investigated the effects of periodic boundary conditions (PBCs), as used in conjunction with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, on the dynamic and electric properties of water layers. In particular, we have systematically performed MD simulations of neat water and biomolecules in aqueous solutions by imposing a different external dielectric constant, a generally overlooked parameter in PBC simulations. The effect of the system size has also been addressed. Overall, our results consistently indicate that the dipole moment properties of water layers, and specifically the dipole moment fluctuations and the reorientational correlation functions, can be sensitive to the choice of the external boundary conditions, whereas other molecular properties, such as the self-diffusion coefficient and the reorientational relaxation times, are not affected. We think that our investigation may help to assess appropriate simulation conditions for modeling the aqueous environment of relevant biochemical systems and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Costantino Zazza
- †Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giordano Mancini
- †Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.,‡Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Brancato
- †Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.,‡Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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18
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Innes L, Gutierrez D, Mann W, Buchsbaum SF, Siwy ZS. Presence of electrolyte promotes wetting and hydrophobic gating in nanopores with residual surface charges. Analyst 2015; 140:4804-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an02244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single nanopores containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic islands on the pore walls exhibit salt concentration modulated hydrophobic gating, with more concentrated solutions promoting wetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Innes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
| | - Diego Gutierrez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | - William Mann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | | | - Zuzanna S. Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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19
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He Y, Sun G, Koga K, Xu L. Electrostatic field-exposed water in nanotube at constant axial pressure. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6596. [PMID: 25318649 PMCID: PMC4198863 DOI: 10.1038/srep06596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Water confined within nanoscale geometries under external field has many interesting properties which is very important for its application in biological processes and engineering. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the effect of external fields on polarization and structure as well as phase transformations of water confined within carbon nanotubes. We find that dipoles of water molecules tend to align along external field in nanoscale cylindrical confinement. Such alignment directly leads to the longitudinal electrostriction and cross-sectional dilation of water in nanotube. It also influences the stability of ice structures. As the electrostatic field strengthens, the confined water undergoes phase transitions from a prism structure to a helical one to a single chain as the electrostatic field strengthens. These results imply a rich phase diagram of the confined water due to the presence of external electriostatic field, which can be of importance for the industrial applications in nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi He
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University
| | - Gang Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University
| | - Kenichiro Koga
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Limei Xu
- 1] International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
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20
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Vanzo D, Bratko D, Luzar A. Dynamic Control of Nanopore Wetting in Water and Saline Solutions under an Electric Field. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:8890-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506389p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Vanzo
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Dusan Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Alenka Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
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21
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Qian Z, Wei G. Electric-Field-Induced Phase Transition of Confined Water Nanofilms between Two Graphene Sheets. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8922-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500989t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Qian
- State Key
Laboratory of Surface
Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE),
and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guanghong Wei
- State Key
Laboratory of Surface
Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE),
and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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22
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Jia M, Zhao WH, Yuan LF. New Hexagonal-rhombic Trilayer Ice Structure Confined between Hydrophobic Plates. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/27/01/15-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Vanzo D, Bratko D, Luzar A. Nanoconfined water under electric field at constant chemical potential undergoes electrostriction. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:074710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4865126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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24
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Samin S, Tsori Y, Holm C. Vapor-liquid coexistence of the Stockmayer fluid in nonuniform external fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:052128. [PMID: 23767508 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.052128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the structure and phase behavior of the Stockmayer fluid in the presence of nonuniform electric fields using molecular simulation. We find that an initially homogeneous vapor phase undergoes a local phase separation in a nonuniform field due to the combined effect of the field gradient and the fluid vapor-liquid equilibrium. This results in a high-density fluid condensing in the strong field region. The system polarization exhibits a strong field dependence due to the fluid condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sela Samin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
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25
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Daub CD, Cann NM. How Are Completely Desolvated Ions Produced in Electrospray Ionization: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8372-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202103p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Daub
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Natalie M. Cann
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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26
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Xu B, Qiao Y, Zhou Q, Chen X. Effect of electric field on liquid infiltration into hydrophobic nanopores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:6349-6357. [PMID: 21491865 DOI: 10.1021/la200477y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the variation of nanofluidic behavior in the presence of an external electric field is critical for controlling and designing nanofluidic devices. By studying the critical infiltration pressure of liquids into hydrophobic nanopores using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments, important insights can be gained on the variation of the effective liquid-solid interfacial tension with the magnitude and sign of electric field, as well as its coupling with the pore size and the solid and liquid species. It is found that the effective hydrophobicity reduces with the increase of electric intensity and/or pore size, and the behavior is asymmetric with respect to the direction of the electric field. The underlying molecular mechanisms are revealed via the study of the density profile, contact angle, and surface tension of confined liquid molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxing Xu
- Columbia Nanomechanics Research Center, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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27
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Daub CD, Bratko D, Luzar A. Nanoscale Wetting Under Electric Field from Molecular Simulations. MULTISCALE MOLECULAR METHODS IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011; 307:155-79. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Daub CD, Wang J, Kudesia S, Bratko D, Luzar A. The influence of molecular-scale roughness on the surface spreading of an aqueous nanodrop. Faraday Discuss 2010; 146:67-77; discussion 79-101, 395-401. [PMID: 21043415 DOI: 10.1039/b927061m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We examine the effect of nanoscale roughness on spreading and surface mobility of water nanodroplets. Using molecular dynamics, we consider model surfaces with sub-nanoscale asperities at varied surface coverage and with different distribution patterns. We test materials that are hydrophobic, and those that are hydrophilic in the absence of surface corrugations. Interestingly, on both types of surfaces, the introduction of surface asperities gives rise to a sharp increase in the apparent contact angle. The Cassie-Baxter equation is obeyed approximately on hydrophobic substrates, however, the increase in the contact angle on a hydrophilic surface differs qualitatively from the behavior on macroscopically rough surfaces described by the Wenzel equation. On the hydrophobic substrate, the superhydrophobic state with the maximal contact angle of 180 degrees is reached when the asperity coverage falls below 25%, suggesting that superhydrophobicity can also be achieved by the nanoscale roughness of a macroscopically smooth material. We further examine the effect of surface roughness on droplet mobility on the substrate. The apparent diffusion constant shows a dramatic slow down of the nanodroplet translation even for asperity coverage in the range of 1% for a hydrophilic surface, while droplets on corrugated hydrophobic surfaces retain the ability to flow around the asperities. In contrast, for smooth surfaces we find that the drop mobility on the hydrophilic surface exceeds that on the hydrophobic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Daub
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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29
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Daub CD, Bratko D, Ali T, Luzar A. Microscopic dynamics of the orientation of a hydrated nanoparticle in an electric field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:207801. [PMID: 20366014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.207801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We use atomistic simulations to study the orientational dynamics of a nonpolar nanoparticle suspended in water and subject to an electric field. Because of the molecular-level effects we describe, the torque exerted on the nanoparticle exceeds continuum-electrostatics-based estimates by about a factor of 2. The reorientation time of a 16.2 x 16.2 x 3.35 A(3) nanoparticle in a field |E| > 0.015 V/A is an order of magnitude less than the field-free orientational time (approximately 1 ns). Surprisingly, the alignment speed is nearly independent of the nanoparticle size in this regime. These findings are relevant for design of novel nanostructures and sensors and development of nanoengineering methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Daub
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
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30
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Bratko D, Daub CD, Luzar A. Water-mediated ordering of nanoparticles in an electric field. Faraday Discuss 2009; 141:55-66; discussion 81-98. [PMID: 19227351 DOI: 10.1039/b809135h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial polar molecules feature a strongly anisotropic response to applied electric field, favoring dipole orientations parallel to the interface. In water, in particular, this effect combines with generic orientational preferences induced by spatial asymmetry of water hydrogen bonding under confined geometry, which may give rise to a Janus interface. The two effects manifest themselves in considerable dependence of water polarization on both the field direction relative to the interface and the polarity (sign) of the field. Using molecular simulations, we demonstrate strong field-induced orientational forces acting on apolar surfaces through water mediation. At a field strength comparable to electric fields around a DNA polyion, the torques we predict to act on an adjacent nanoparticle are sufficient to overcome thermal fluctuations. These torques can align a particle with surface as small as 1 nm2. The mechanism can support electrically controlled ordering of suspended nanoparticles as a means of tuning their properties and can find application in electro-nanomechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2006, USA.
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