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Costa T, Peixoto M, Pineiro M, Seixas de Melo JS. Solvent-Driven Self-Organization of Meso-Substituted Porphyrins: Morphological Analysis from Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5727-5737. [PMID: 37043283 PMCID: PMC10134502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A morphological analysis of different thin films of meso-tetra-p-(di-p-phenylamino)phenylporphyrin, H2T(TPA)4P, was made by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comprehensive study of H2T(TPA)4P was undertaken through UV/vis absorption and fluorescence techniques in different solvents, solvent mixtures and in thin films. In solution, occurrence of intramolecular energy transfer from the triphenylamine (TPA) moieties to the porphyrin core, with quenching efficiencies in the order of 94-97%, is observed. The energy transfer rate constants are determined assuming Förster's dipole-dipole and Dexter's electron exchange mechanisms. In drop-cast-prepared thin films, from samples with different solvent mixtures, the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (ΦPL) decreases ∼1 order of magnitude compared to the solution behavior. FLIM and SEM experiments showed the self-organization and morphology of H2T(TPA)4P in thin films to be highly dependent on the solvent mixture used to prepare the film. In chloroform, the solvent's evaporation results in the formation of elongated and overlapped microrod structures. Introduction of a cosolvent, namely, a polar cosolvent, promotes changes in the morphology of the self-assembled structures, with the formation of three-dimensional spherical structures and hollow spheres. H2T(TPA)4P dispersed in a polymer matrix shows enhanced ΦPL values when compared to the drop-cast films. FLIM images showed coexistence of three different states or domains: aggregated, interface, and nonaggregated or less-aggregated states. This work highlights the importance of FLIM in the morphological characterization of heterogeneous films, together with the photophysical characterization of nano- and microdomains.
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Taniguchi M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Comprehensive review of photophysical parameters (ε, Φf, τs) of tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) and zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) – Critical benchmark molecules in photochemistry and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2020.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kesavan PE, Pandey V, Ishida M, Furuta H, Mori S, Gupta I. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Computational Studies of beta‐Substituted Porphyrin Dyads. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2015-2028. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praseetha E. Kesavan
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Campus Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Pandey
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Campus Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular SystemsKyushu University Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular SystemsKyushu University Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Integrated Centre for SciencesEhime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Campus Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
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Jayachandran P, Angamuthu A, Gopalan P. Quantum Chemical Study on the Structure and Energetics of Binary Ionic Porphyrin Complexes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abiram Angamuthu
- Department of Physics; Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences; Coimbatore 641114 India
| | - Praveena Gopalan
- Department of Physics; PSGR Krishnammal College for Women; Coimbatore 641004 India
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Hu Y, Thomas MB, Jinadasa RGW, Wang H, D'Souza F. Competitive Energy and Electron Transfer in β‐Functionalized Free‐Base Porphyrin–Zinc Porphyrin Dimer Axially Coordinated to C
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: Synthesis, Supramolecular Formation and Excited‐State Processes. Chemistry 2017; 23:12805-12814. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Michael B. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - R. G. Waruna Jinadasa
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
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Alam MM, Bolze F, Daniel C, Flamigni L, Gourlaouen C, Heitz V, Jenni S, Schmitt J, Sour A, Ventura B. π-Extended diketopyrrolopyrrole–porphyrin arrays: one- and two-photon photophysical investigations and theoretical studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:21954-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01844k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrrole–porphyrin conjugates show remarkable NIR emission properties, high two-photon absorption cross-sections and significant singlet oxygen production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. M. Alam
- Laboratoire de chimie quantique
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - F. Bolze
- CAMB
- UMR 7199
- UdS/CNRS
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - C. Daniel
- Laboratoire de chimie quantique
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | | | - C. Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de chimie quantique
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - V. Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - S. Jenni
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - J. Schmitt
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - A. Sour
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg
- CNRS/UMR 7177
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
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Reeta PS, Khetubol A, Jella T, Chukharev V, Abou-Chahine F, Tkachenko NV, Giribabu L, Lemmetyinen H. Photophysical properties of Sn(IV)tetraphenylporphyrin-pyrene dyad with a β-vinyl linker. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615500108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A Sn (IV)tetraphenylporphyrin (T) has been functionalized with a β-vinyl pyrene (P) and the photophysical properties of the formed dyad (T-P) with its corresponding precursors were studied in three solvents with different polarities using steady-state and time-resolved measurements in ps and fs timescales. When the pyrene moiety is excited at λex = 340 nm, the fluorescence spectroscopy experiments indicate in all the studied solvents, an efficient quenching of the pyrene emission. When excited at either λex = 340 nm or λex = 405 nm, where porphyrin absorbs, a new emissive excited state complex (T-P)* is observed at wavelenghts close to the parent porphyrin emission. The emission is more pronounced in nonpolar hexane showing a mono-exponential decay, but bi-exponential decays are observed in more polar dicloromethane and acetonitrile. When the porphyrin moiety is excited at λex = 425 nm, the fs transient absorption analysis shows two different intermediate species (~ 7–11 ps and 80–100 ps) with broad absorption in the near-IR region. This implies either the existence of two different excited conformers (T-P)*, which decay to the ground state via a charge separated state (CSS), or the formation of the (T-P)* state via the second excited state of the porphyrin moiety, yielding first an excited emissive v(T-P)* state, with a lifetime of 80–100 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Silviya Reeta
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Adis Khetubol
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tejaswi Jella
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Vladimir Chukharev
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Fawzi Abou-Chahine
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Nikolai V. Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - L. Giribabu
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Helge Lemmetyinen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
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Ghosh R, Yedukondalu M, Ravikanth M, Palit DK. Intramolecular energy transfer dynamics in differently linked zinc porphyrin–dithiaporphyrin dyads. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramolecular energy transfer dynamics in two molecular dyads, in which zinc porphyrin and dithiaporphyrin units were linked covalently, were studied by ultrafast time-resolved transient absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ghosh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - M. Yedukondalu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - M. Ravikanth
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - D. K. Palit
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
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Liu Y, Lin H, Dy JT, Tamaki K, Nakazaki J, Nakayama D, Uchida S, Kubo T, Segawa H. N-fused carbazole–zinc porphyrin–free-base porphyrin triad for efficient near-IR dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4010-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03306e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Franco R, Jacobsen JL, Wang H, Wang Z, István K, Schore NE, Song Y, Medforth CJ, Shelnutt JA. Molecular organization in self-assembled binary porphyrin nanotubes revealed by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:4072-7. [PMID: 20379498 DOI: 10.1039/b926068d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrin nanotubes were formed by the ionic self-assembly of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin diacid (H(4)TPPS(4)(2-)) and Sn(IV) tetra(4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Sn(OH(-))(X)TPyP(4+/5+) [X = OH(-) or H(2)O]) at pH 2.0. As reported previously, the tubes are hollow as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, approximately 60 nm in diameter, and can be up to several micrometres long. The absorption spectrum of the porphyrin nanotubes presents monomer-like Soret bands, as well as two additional red-shifted bands characteristic of porphyrin J-aggregates (offset face-to-face stacks). To elucidate the origin of the J-aggregate bands and the internal interactions of the porphyrins, the resonance Raman spectra have been obtained for the porphyrin nanotubes with excitations near resonance with the Soret J-aggregate band and the monomer-like bands. The resonance Raman data reveal that the Sn porphyrins are not electronically coupled to the J-aggregates within the tubes, which are formed exclusively by H(4)TPPS(4)(2-). This suggests that the internal structure of the nanotubes has H(4)TPPS(4)(2-) in aggregates that are similar to the widely studied H(4)TPPS(4)(2-) self-aggregates and that are segregated from the Sn porphyrins. Possible internal structures of the nanotubes and mechanisms for their formation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Franco
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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