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Kumar R, Dohi T, Zhdankin VV. Organohypervalent heterocycles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4786-4827. [PMID: 38545658 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This review summarizes the structural and synthetic aspects of heterocyclic molecules incorporating an atom of a hypervalent main-group element. The term "hypervalent" has been suggested for derivatives of main-group elements with more than eight valence electrons, and the concept of hypervalency is commonly used despite some criticism from theoretical chemists. The significantly higher thermal stability of hypervalent heterocycles compared to their acyclic analogs adds special features to their chemistry, particularly for bromine and iodine. Heterocyclic compounds of elements with double bonds are not categorized as hypervalent molecules owing to the zwitterionic nature of these bonds, resulting in the conventional 8-electron species. This review is focused on hypervalent heterocyclic derivatives of nonmetal main-group elements, such as boron, silicon, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, chlorine, iodine(III) and iodine(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, J C Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, NH-2, Sector-6, Mathura Road, Faridabad, 121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Viktor V Zhdankin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1038 University Drive, 126 HCAMS University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA.
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2
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Kuchuk EA, Kireenko MM, Mankaev BN, Zaitsev KV, Churakov AV, Lermontova EK, Kuz'mina LG, Oprunenko YF, Zhirnov AE, Zaitseva GS, Karlov SS. Diamidoamine Aluminum Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, L–Lactide and ϵ‐Caprolactone Polymerization. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Kuchuk
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Marina M. Kireenko
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Badma N. Mankaev
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Kirill V. Zaitsev
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 31 Leninsky prospect 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Elmira Kh. Lermontova
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 31 Leninsky prospect 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Lyudmila G. Kuz'mina
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 31 Leninsky prospect 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Yuri F. Oprunenko
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Artem E. Zhirnov
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Galina S. Zaitseva
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Sergey S. Karlov
- Chemistry Department Moscow State University B-234 Leninskie Gory, 1, 3 119991 Moscow Russia
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3
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Kuchuk EA, Mankaev BN, Serova VA, Zaitsev KV, Churakov AV, Oprunenko YF, Zaitseva GS, Karlov SS. New dialkylenetriamine zinc complexes as highly efficient ROP catalysts. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Höhne M, Gutacker A, Klein J, Mejía E. Mono- and Binuclear Titanates Bearing Podand Diamidoamine Ligands and Their Use as Catalysts in Siloxane Cross-Linking. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Höhne
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrea Gutacker
- Adhesive Technologies, Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Henkelstraße 67, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johann Klein
- Adhesive Technologies, Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Henkelstraße 67, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Esteban Mejía
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Wheeler LM, Nichols AW, Chernomordik BD, Anderson NC, Beard MC, Neale NR. All-Inorganic Germanium Nanocrystal Films by Cationic Ligand Exchange. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:1949-1954. [PMID: 26796765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new paradigm for group IV nanocrystal surface chemistry based on room temperature surface activation that enables ionic ligand exchange. Germanium nanocrystals synthesized in a gas-phase plasma reactor are functionalized with labile, cationic alkylammonium ligands rather than with traditional covalently bound groups. We employ Fourier transform infrared and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies to demonstrate the alkylammonium ligands are freely exchanged on the germanium nanocrystal surface with a variety of cationic ligands, including short inorganic ligands such as ammonium and alkali metal cations. This ionic ligand exchange chemistry is used to demonstrate enhanced transport in germanium nanocrystal films following ligand exchange as well as the first photovoltaic device based on an all-inorganic germanium nanocrystal absorber layer cast from solution. This new ligand chemistry should accelerate progress in utilizing germanium and other group IV nanocrystals for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance M Wheeler
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Asa W Nichols
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Department of Chemistry, West Virginia Wesleyan College , 59 College Avenue, Buckhannon, West Virginia 26201, United States
| | - Boris D Chernomordik
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Nicholas C Anderson
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Matthew C Beard
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Nathan R Neale
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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6
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Iovkova‐Berends L, Seiger M, Westfeld T, Hoffmann A, Herres‐Pawlis S, Jurkschat K. Extending the Family of N‐Heterocyclic Heavy Carbene Analogues: Synthesis and Crystal and Molecular Structures of MeN[CH
2
C(O)N(R)]
2
Sn (R = Me
2
NCH
2
CH
2
, PhCH
2
, Me
3
CCH
2
). Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ljuba Iovkova‐Berends
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II der Technischen Universität, 44221 Dortmund, Germany Homepage: http://www.chemie.tu‐dortmund.de/fb03/de/Forschung/AC/Jurkschat/index.html
| | - Miriam Seiger
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II der Technischen Universität, 44221 Dortmund, Germany Homepage: http://www.chemie.tu‐dortmund.de/fb03/de/Forschung/AC/Jurkschat/index.html
| | | | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department Chemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres‐Pawlis
- Department Chemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II der Technischen Universität, 44221 Dortmund, Germany Homepage: http://www.chemie.tu‐dortmund.de/fb03/de/Forschung/AC/Jurkschat/index.html
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Huang M, Kireenko MM, Lermontova EK, Churakov AV, Oprunenko YF, Zaitsev KV, Sorokin D, Harms K, Sundermeyer J, Zaitseva GS, Karlov SS. Novel Stannylenes Stabilized with Diethylenetriamido and Related Amido Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Chemical Properties. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201200552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kireenko MM, Zaitsev KV, Oprunenko YF, Churakov AV, Tafeenko VA, Karlov SS, Zaitseva GS. Palladium complexes with stabilized germylene and stannylene ligands. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:7901-12. [PMID: 23400115 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32867h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Kireenko
- B-234 Leninskie Gory, Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Kireenko MM, Zaitsev KV, Churakov AV, Zaitseva GS, Karlov SS. 6-Benzyl-2-methyl-1,3-bis-(penta-fluoro-phen-yl)-1,3,6,2-triaza-alumocane. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:m1385-6. [PMID: 23284360 PMCID: PMC3515133 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812042560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, [Al(CH3)(C23H15F10N3)], the AlIII atom is coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral geometry by three N atoms from the tridentate amine and by one C atom of the methyl substituent. Further, there is a short intramolecular Al⋯F contact [2.5717 (11) Å], leading to an overall distorted trigonal–bipyramidal coordination environment around AlIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Kireenko
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Huang M, Kireenko MM, Zaitsev KV, Oprunenko YF, Churakov AV, Howard JAK, Lermontova EK, Sorokin D, Linder T, Sundermeyer J, Karlov SS, Zaitseva GS. Stabilized Germylenes Based on Diethylenetriamines and Related Diamines: Synthesis, Structures, and Chemical Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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