1
|
Dang YL, Xie LX, Fei NN, Qiao R, Cao ZQ, Liu LJ, Liu GX, Zheng X, Ren YL, Sheng X, Guo SQ, Niu CY. Investigating the sensitization of the ytterbium(III) NIR emission by non-sandwich type Yb(III)-porphyrin coordination compounds. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
|
2
|
Ishizuka T, Grover N, Kingsbury CJ, Kotani H, Senge MO, Kojima T. Nonplanar porphyrins: synthesis, properties, and unique functionalities. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7560-7630. [PMID: 35959748 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are variously substituted tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, with wide-ranging biological and chemical applications derived from metal chelation in the core and the 18π aromatic surface. Under suitable conditions, the porphyrin framework can deform significantly from regular planar shape, owing to steric overload on the porphyrin periphery or steric repulsion in the core, among other structure modulation strategies. Adopting this nonplanar porphyrin architecture allows guest molecules to interact directly with an exposed core, with guest-responsive and photoactive electronic states of the porphyrin allowing energy, information, atom and electron transfer within and between these species. This functionality can be incorporated and tuned by decoration of functional groups and electronic modifications, with individual deformation profiles adapted to specific key sensing and catalysis applications. Nonplanar porphyrins are assisting breakthroughs in molecular recognition, organo- and photoredox catalysis; simultaneously bio-inspired and distinctly synthetic, these molecules offer a new dimension in shape-responsive host-guest chemistry. In this review, we have summarized the synthetic methods and design aspects of nonplanar porphyrin formation, key properties, structure and functionality of the nonplanar aromatic framework, and the scope and utility of this emerging class towards outstanding scientific, industrial and environmental issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christopher J Kingsbury
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin GQ, Chau CV, Arambula JF, Gao S, Sessler JL, Zhang JL. Lanthanide porphyrinoids as molecular theranostics. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6177-6209. [PMID: 35792133 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00275b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, lanthanide (Ln) porphyrinoids have received increasing attention as theranostics. Broadly speaking, the term 'theranostics' refers to agents designed to allow both disease diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. This Review summarises the history and the 'state-of-the-art' development of Ln porphyrinoids as theranostic agents. The emphasis is on the progress made within the past decade. Applications of Ln porphyrinoids in near-infrared (NIR, 650-1700 nm) fluorescence imaging (FL), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiotherapy, and chemotherapy will be discussed. The use of Ln porphyrinoids as photo-activated agents ('phototheranostics') will also be highlighted in the context of three promising strategies for regulation of porphyrinic triplet energy dissipation pathways, namely: regioisomeric effects, metal regulation, and the use of expanded porphyrinoids. The goal of this Review is to showcase some of the ongoing efforts being made to optimise Ln porphyrinoids as theranostics and as phototheranostics, in order to provide a platform for understanding likely future developments in the area, including those associated with structure-based innovations, functional improvements, and emerging biological activation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Calvin V Chau
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Jonathan F Arambula
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA. .,InnovoTEX, Inc. 3800 N. Lamar Blvd, Austin, Texas 78756, USA.
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. .,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, P. R. China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Spin-X Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. .,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matamala-Cea E, Becerra-Pino L, Rabanal-León WA, Arancibia R, Hidalgo PI, Jiménez CA, Novoa N. Preparation of dipolar Y(III)-based monoporphyrinate complexes: conventional vs microwave-assisted reaction and theoretical IR study. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-022-01148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Chan WL, Xie C, Lo WS, Bünzli JCG, Wong WK, Wong KL. Lanthanide-tetrapyrrole complexes: synthesis, redox chemistry, photophysical properties, and photonic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12189-12257. [PMID: 34553719 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00828d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines, and porpholactones, are highly stable macrocyclic compounds that play important roles in many phenomena linked to the development of life. Their complexes with lanthanides are known for more than 60 years and present breath-taking properties such as a range of easily accessible redox states leading to photo- and electro-chromism, paramagnetism, large non-linear optical parameters, and remarkable light emission in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) ranges. They are at the centre of many applications with an increasing focus on their ability to generate singlet oxygen for photodynamic therapy coupled with bioimaging and biosensing properties. This review first describes the synthetic paths leading to lanthanide-tetrapyrrole complexes together with their structures. The initial synthetic protocols were plagued by low yields and long reaction times; they have now been replaced with much more efficient and faster routes, thanks to the stunning advances in synthetic organic chemistry, so that quite complex multinuclear edifices are presently routinely obtained. Aspects such as redox properties, sensitization of NIR-emitting lanthanide ions, and non-linear optical properties are then presented. The spectacular improvements in the quantum yield and brightness of YbIII-containing tetrapyrrole complexes achieved in the past five years are representative of the vitality of the field and open welcome opportunities for the bio-applications described in the last section. Perspectives for the field are vast and exciting as new derivatizations of the macrocycles may lead to sensitization of other LnIII NIR-emitting ions with luminescence in the NIR-II and NIR-III biological windows, while conjugation with peptides and aptamers opens the way for lanthanide-tetrapyrrole theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Lun Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Wai-Sum Lo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jean-Claude G Bünzli
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Institute of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
| | - Wai-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Taniguchi M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Comprehensive review of photophysical parameters (ε, Φf, τs) of tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) and zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) – Critical benchmark molecules in photochemistry and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2020.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
7
|
Hummel T, Leis W, Eckhardt A, Ströbele M, Enseling D, Jüstel T, Meyer HJ. Energy transfer in supramolecular [Crypt-RE]-[W 6I 14] solids. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9795-9803. [PMID: 32627778 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01705a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Photophysical properties of tungsten iodides with the [W6I14]2- cluster core have been described with respect to phosphorescence and phosphorescence quenching by molecular oxygen. This process involves energy transfer from excited triplet states of the cluster onto molecular oxygen. In the present study we investigate deactivation channels of exited triplet states of the [W6I14]2- cluster towards rare earth ions. For this purpose, we synthesized several supramolecular assemblies made of [W6I14]2- clusters and metal cryptates and investigated their crystal structures and photophysical properties. UV/Vis photoexcitation of solid [Crypt-A]-[W6I14] (A = alkaline metal) and [Crypt-RE]-[W6I14] revealed phosphorescence of the cluster, respectively of the photophysically active rare earth metal (RE) center. A cluster to cryptate energy transfer is proven with a photophysically active rare earth ion by the emission of Yb3+ at 977 nm (2F5/2-2F7/2) and Nd3+ 1072 nm (4F3/2-4I11/2). These results show that an effective excitation of near-infrared-emitting rare earth ions is possible under excitation up to 550 nm with [Crypt-RE]-[W6I14] assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Hummel
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Leis
- Section for Translational Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aaron Eckhardt
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Markus Ströbele
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - David Enseling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Münster University of Applied Sciences, Stegerwaldstraße 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Jüstel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Münster University of Applied Sciences, Stegerwaldstraße 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Meyer
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Balasooriya D, Liu B, He H, Sykes A, May PS. A conjugated porphyrin as a red-light sensitizer for near-infrared emission of ytterbium(iii) ion. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04910g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A conjugated porphyrin with broader absorption in the visible region was synthesized for sensitizing the near-infrared emission of ytterbium(iii) ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Balasooriya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Hongshan He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Andew Sykes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
| | - P. Stanley May
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Brunet G, Marin R, Monk MJ, Resch-Genger U, Gálico DA, Sigoli FA, Suturina EA, Hemmer E, Murugesu M. Exploring the dual functionality of an ytterbium complex for luminescence thermometry and slow magnetic relaxation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6799-6808. [PMID: 31391901 PMCID: PMC6657417 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive investigation of the magnetic and optical properties of an ytterbium complex, which combines two desirable and practical features into a single molecular system. Based upon YbIII ions that promote near-infrared optical activity and a chemical backbone that is ideal for an in-depth understanding of the magnetic behaviour, we have designed a multifunctional opto-magnetic species that operates as a luminescent thermometer and as a single-molecule magnet (SMM). Our magnetic investigations, in conjunction with ab initio calculations, reveal one of the highest energy barriers reported for an YbIII-based complex. Moreover, we correlate this anisotropic barrier with the emission spectrum of the compound, wherein we provide a complete assignment of the energetic profile of the complex. Such studies lay the foundation for the design of exciting multi-faceted materials that are able to retain information at the single-molecule level and possess built-in thermal self-monitoring capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brunet
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie , Ottawa , ON K1N 6N5 , Canada .
| | - Riccardo Marin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie , Ottawa , ON K1N 6N5 , Canada .
| | - Melissa-Jane Monk
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) , Division Biophotonics , Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) , Division Biophotonics , Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Diogo A Gálico
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP , School of Chemistry , P.O. Box 6154 , Campinas , Sao Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
| | - Fernando A Sigoli
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP , School of Chemistry , P.O. Box 6154 , Campinas , Sao Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
| | | | - Eva Hemmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie , Ottawa , ON K1N 6N5 , Canada .
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie , Ottawa , ON K1N 6N5 , Canada .
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He H, Bosonetta JD, Wheeler KA, May SP. Sisters together: co-sensitization of near-infrared emission of ytterbium(iii) by BODIPY and porphyrin dyes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10120-10123. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A ytterbium(iii) complex with a BODIPY and a porphyrin as co-sensitizers emits strongly at 978 nm over a broader excitation window between 450–560 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan He
- Department of Chemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | | | | | - Stanley P. May
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Optical Properties of Heavily Fluorinated Lanthanide Tris β-Diketonate Phosphine Oxide Adducts. INORGANICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics4030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
13
|
|
14
|
Congiu M, Alamiry M, Moudam O, Ciorba S, Richardson PR, Maron L, Jones AC, Richards BS, Robertson N. Preparation and photophysical studies of [Ln(hfac)3DPEPO], Ln = Eu, Tb, Yb, Nd, Gd; interpretation of total photoluminescence quantum yields. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:13537-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51380g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Kwong WL, Wai-Yin Sun R, Lok CN, Siu FM, Wong SY, Low KH, Che CM. An ytterbium(iii) porphyrin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in cancer cells: cytotoxicity and transcriptomics studies. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21541a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
16
|
|
17
|
He H, Si L, Zhong Y, Dubey M. Iodized BODIPY as a long wavelength light sensitizer for the near-infrared emission of ytterbium(III) ion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1886-8. [PMID: 22228228 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17037j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel 8-HOQ-BODIPY-3I was developed as an efficient sensitizer for the near-infrared emission of ytterbium(III) ion at 980 nm under long wavelength excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan He
- Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Artizzu F, Quochi F, Saba M, Loche D, Mercuri ML, Serpe A, Mura A, Bongiovanni G, Deplano P. Silica sol–gel glasses incorporating dual-luminescent Yb quinolinolato complex: processing, emission and photosensitising properties of the ‘antenna’ ligand. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:13147-53. [PMID: 23007128 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30323j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Artizzu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhu X, Wong W, Wong W, Yang X. Design and Synthesis of Near‐Infrared Emissive Lanthanide Complexes Based on Macrocyclic Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xunjin Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Wai‐Kwok Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Wai‐Yeung Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712‐0165, USA, Fax: +1‐852‐3411‐7348
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Emelina AL, Dobrokhotova ZV, Sinelshchikova AA, Velikodnyi YA, Fomina IG, Koroteev PS, Novotortsev VM, Eremenko IL. Thermal behavior of samarium binuclear pivalate and tris-pivalate. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023610110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
He H, Dubey M, Sykes AG, May PS. Hybridization of near-infrared emitting erbium(iii) and ytterbium(iii) monoporphyrinate complexes with silica xerogel: synthesis, structure and photophysics. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:6466-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
22
|
|