1
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Liu Y, Kajihara Y, Okamoto R. Post-translational activation of the C-terminus of polypeptides for the synthesis of peptide thioesters and peptide thioester surrogates. Front Chem 2024; 12:1424953. [PMID: 39076613 PMCID: PMC11284063 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1424953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Semisynthesis using recombinant polypeptides is a powerful approach for the synthesis of proteins having a variety of modifications. Peptide thioesters, of which the peptide C-terminus is activated by a thioester, are utilized for coupling peptide building blocks. Biological methods employing intein have been a center for the C-terminal thioesterification of recombinant polypeptides. Chemical activation has emerged as an alternative methodology for synthesizing peptide thioesters from recombinant polypeptides. Chemical reactions are compatible with various solutions containing organic solvents, chaotropic reagents, or detergents that are generally incompatible with biomolecules such as intein. Despite the potential utility of chemical activation, available methods remain limited. This article introduces the methods for the chemical activation of a peptide C-terminus applied to the chemical synthesis of proteins. By showcasing these methodologies, we aim to accelerate the advancement of new chemical reactions and methodologies and broaden the frontiers for the chemical synthesis of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kajihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Spears RJ, Chudasama V. Recent advances in N- and C-terminus cysteine protein bioconjugation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 75:102306. [PMID: 37236135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the site-specific chemical modification of proteins, also referred to as protein bioconjugation, have proved instrumental in revolutionary approaches to designing new protein-based therapeutics. Of the sites available for protein modification, cysteine residues or the termini of proteins have proved especially popular owing to their favorable properties for site-specific modification. Strategies that, therefore, specifically target cysteine at the termini offer a combination of these favorable properties of cysteine and termini bioconjugation. In this review, we discuss these strategies with a particular focus on those reported recently and provide our opinion on the future direction of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Spears
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK.
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3
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Shelton PMM, Weller CE, Chatterjee C. A Facile N-Mercaptoethoxyglycinamide (MEGA) Linker Approach to Peptide Thioesterification and Cyclization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3946-3949. [PMID: 28230996 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The C-terminal electrophilic activation of peptides by α-thioesterification requires strongly acidic conditions or complex chemical manipulations, which ultimately limit functional group compatibility and broad utility. Herein, we report a readily accessible N-mercaptoethoxyglycinamide (MEGA) solid-phase linker for the facile synthesis of latent peptide α-thioesters. Incubating peptide-MEGA sequences with 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid at mildly acidic pH yielded α-thioesters that were directly used in NCL without purification. The MEGA linker yielded robust access to thioesters ranging in length from 4 to 35 amino acids, and greatly simplified the synthesis of cyclic peptides. Finally, the high utility of MEGA was demonstrated by the one-pot synthesis of a functional analog of the Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M M Shelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Caroline E Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Champak Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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4
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Tsuda S, Mochizuki M, Sakamoto K, Denda M, Nishio H, Otaka A, Yoshiya T. N-Sulfanylethylaminooxybutyramide (SEAoxy): A Crypto-Thioester Compatible with Fmoc Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2016; 18:5940-5943. [PMID: 27805411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An N-sulfanylethylaminooxybutyramide (SEAoxy) has been developed as a novel thioester equivalent for native chemical ligation. SEAoxy peptide was straightforwardly synthesized by conventional Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis without a problem. Moreover, SEAoxy peptide could be directly applied to native chemical ligation owing to the intramolecular N-to-S acyl shift that releases the peptide-thioester in situ. This methodology was successfully applied to the synthesis of two bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Tsuda
- Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | | | - Ken Sakamoto
- Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Masaya Denda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hideki Nishio
- Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Taku Yoshiya
- Peptide Institute, Inc., Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
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5
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Jbara M, Laps S, Maity SK, Brik A. Palladium-Assisted Cleavage of Peptides and Proteins Containing a Backbone with Thiazolidine Linkage. Chemistry 2016; 22:14851-14855. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jbara
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 3200008 Israel
| | - Shay Laps
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 3200008 Israel
| | - Suman Kumar Maity
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 3200008 Israel
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 3200008 Israel
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6
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Cowper B, Shariff L, Chen W, Gibson SM, Di WL, Macmillan D. Expanding the scope of N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7469-76. [PMID: 26066020 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence N → S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences, and discovery of new reagents that facilitate it, will be key to expanding its scope and applicability. Here, through a study of short model peptides in thioester formation and cyclisation reactions, we demonstrate that a wider variety of Xaa-Cys motifs than originally envisaged are capable of undergoing efficient N → S acyl transfer. We present data for the relative rates of thioester formation and cyclisation for a representative set of amino acids, and show how this expanded scope can be applied to the production of the natural protease inhibitor Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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7
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Swain SP, Chou YL, Hou DR. Thioesterifications Free of Activating Agent and Thiol: A Three-Component Reaction of Carboxylic Acids, Thioureas, and Michael Acceptors. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Cowper B, Sze TM, Premdjee B, Bongat White AF, Hacking A, Macmillan D. Examination of mercaptobenzyl sulfonates as catalysts for native chemical ligation: application to the assembly of a glycosylated Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3208-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09502b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3/4-Mercaptobenzyl sulfonates were investigated as aryl thiol catalysts for native chemical ligation (NCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Cowper
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | - Tsz Mei Sze
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Hacking
- Dextra Laboratories Ltd
- Science and Technology Centre
- Earley Gate
- Reading
- UK
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9
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Kajihara Y, Kanemitsu Y, Nishihara M, Okamoto R, Izumi M. Efficient synthesis of polypeptide-α-thioester by the method combining polypeptide expression and chemical activation for the semi-synthesis of interferon-γ having oligosaccharides. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:958-63. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kajihara
- Department of chemistry; Osaka University; 1-1, Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yurie Kanemitsu
- Department of chemistry; Osaka University; 1-1, Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Mika Nishihara
- Department of chemistry; Osaka University; 1-1, Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Ryo Okamoto
- Department of chemistry; Osaka University; 1-1, Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Masayuki Izumi
- Department of chemistry; Osaka University; 1-1, Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-0043 Japan
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10
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Okamoto R, Kimura M, Ishimizu T, Izumi M, Kajihara Y. Semisynthesis of a Post-Translationally Modified Protein by Using Chemical Cleavage and Activation of an Expressed Fusion Polypeptide. Chemistry 2014; 20:10425-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Weller CE, Huang W, Chatterjee C. Facile synthesis of native and protease-resistant ubiquitylated peptides. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1263-7. [PMID: 24838693 PMCID: PMC4085112 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reversible post-translational modification of eukaryotic proteins by ubiquitin regulates key cellular processes including protein degradation and gene transcription. Studies of the mechanistic roles for protein ubiquitylation require quantities of homogenously modified substrates that are typically inaccessible from natural sources or by enzymatic ubiquitylation in vitro. Therefore, we developed a facile and scalable methodology for site-specific chemical ubiquitylation. Our semisynthetic strategy utilized a temporary ligation auxiliary, 2-(aminooxy)ethanethiol, to direct ubiquitylation to specific lysine residues in peptide substrates. Mild reductive removal of the auxiliary after ligation yielded ubiquitylated peptides with the native isopeptide linkage. Alternatively, retention of the ligation auxiliary yielded protease-resistant analogues of ubiquitylated peptides. Importantly, our strategy was fully compatible with the presence of protein thiol groups, as demonstrated by the synthesis of peptides modified by the human small ubiquitin-related modifier 3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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12
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Qiu Y, Hemu X, Liu DX, Tam JP. Selective Bi-directional Amide Bond Cleavage ofN-Methylcysteinyl Peptide. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Liu F, Mayer JP. Protein Chemical Synthesis in Drug Discovery. PROTEIN LIGATION AND TOTAL SYNTHESIS I 2014; 362:183-228. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Chemical synthesis of proteins using N-sulfanylethylanilide peptides, based on N-S acyl transfer chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 363:33-56. [PMID: 25467538 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL), which features the use of peptide thioesters, is among the most reliable ligation protocols in chemical protein synthesis. Thioesters have conventionally been synthesized using tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)-based solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS); however, the increasing use of 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) SPPS requires an efficient preparative protocol for thioesters which is fully compatible with Fmoc chemistry. We have addressed this issue by mimicking the naturally occurring thioester-forming step seen in intein-mediated protein splicing of the intein-extein system, using an appropriate chemical device to induce N-S acyl transfer reaction, avoiding the problems associated with Fmoc strategies. We have developed N-sulfanylethylanilide (SEAlide) peptides, which can be synthesized by standard Fmoc SPPS and converted to the corresponding thioesters through treatment under acidic conditions. Extensive examination of SEAlide peptides showed that the amide-type SEAlide peptides can be directly and efficiently involved in NCL via thioester species in the presence of phosphate salts, even under neutral conditions. The presence or absence of phosphate salts provided kinetically controllable chemoselectivity in NCL for SEAlide peptides. This allowed SEAlide peptides to be used in both one-pot/N-to-C-directed sequential NCL under kinetically controlled conditions, and the convergent coupling of large peptide fragments, which facilitated the chemical synthesis of proteins over about 100 residues. The use of SEAlide peptides, enabling sequential NCL operated under kinetically controlled conditions, and the convergent coupling, were used for the total chemical synthesis of a 162-residue monoglycosylated GM2-activator protein (GM2AP) analog.
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15
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Guan X, Chaffey PK, Zeng C, Tan Z. New Methods for Chemical Protein Synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 363:155-92. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Kawakami T. Peptide Thioester Formation via an Intramolecular N to S Acyl Shift for Peptide Ligation. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 362:107-35. [PMID: 25370522 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In chemical protein synthesis, peptide building blocks are prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), and then connected by chemical ligation methods. The peptide thioester is one of key building blocks used in chemical protein synthesis, and improvements in the Fmoc SPPS procedure for preparing such thioesters would be highly desirable. In this review we focus on a method for peptide thioester synthesis based on the use of an intramolecular N to S acyl shift reaction as a key reaction. Amide and thioester forms at the thiol-containing residue are in equilibrium as a result of a reversible intramolecular acyl shift, which is detectable by 13C NMR. The amide form is favored under neutral conditions, while the thioester predominates under acidic conditions. Thiol auxiliaries can be employed to facilitate the formation of a thioester from an amide via an intramolecular N-S acyl shift, and the peptide thioester is formed after intermolecular transthioesterification in the presence of excess amounts of thiols. Even under neutral conditions, thiol auxiliary-containing peptides can be ligated with a cysteinyl peptide via an intramolecular N-S acyl shift, followed by native chemical ligation (NCL) in a one-pot reaction. These procedures can be applied to the chemical synthesis of proteins which are post-translationally modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kawakami
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan,
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17
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Adams AL, Cowper B, Morgan RE, Premdjee B, Caddick S, Macmillan D. Cysteine Promoted C-Terminal Hydrazinolysis of Native Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Adams AL, Cowper B, Morgan RE, Premdjee B, Caddick S, Macmillan D. Cysteine promoted C-terminal hydrazinolysis of native peptides and proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13062-6. [PMID: 24123371 PMCID: PMC4065347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ (United Kingdom)
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19
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Yang R, Qi L, Liu Y, Ding Y, Kwek MSY, Liu CF. Chemical synthesis of N-peptidyl 2-pyrrolidinemethanethiol for peptide ligation. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Liu M, Lin S, Ding J, Gao W, Wu H, Chen J. Decarboxylation of isatoic anhydrides with disulfides: an efficient and general synthesis of S-aryl 2-aminobenzothioate derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Investigation of peptide thioester formation via N
→Se
acyl transfer. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:65-73. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Otaka A, Sato K, Ding H, Shigenaga A. One-Pot/Sequential Native Chemical Ligation UsingN-Sulfanylethylanilide Peptide. CHEM REC 2012; 12:479-90. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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23
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Sakamoto K, Sato K, Shigenaga A, Tsuji K, Tsuda S, Hibino H, Nishiuchi Y, Otaka A. Synthetic Procedure for N-Fmoc Amino Acyl-N-Sulfanylethylaniline Linker as Crypto-Peptide Thioester Precursor with Application to Native Chemical Ligation. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6948-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3011107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sakamoto
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsuji
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Shugo Tsuda
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Saito Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito Ibaraki, Osaka
567-0085, Japan
| | - Hajime Hibino
- Saito Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito Ibaraki, Osaka
567-0085, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiuchi
- Saito Research Center, Peptide Institute, Inc., 7-2-9 Saito Ibaraki, Osaka
567-0085, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute
of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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24
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Kawakami T, Aimoto S. Development of Synthetic Methods for Peptide Thioesters Based on the N-S Acyl Shift Reaction. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2012. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.70.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Macmillan D, Adams A, Premdjee B. Shifting Native Chemical Ligation into Reverse through N→S Acyl Transfer. Isr J Chem 2011; 51:885-899. [PMID: 22347724 PMCID: PMC3277902 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Peptide thioester synthesis by N→S acyl transfer is being intensively explored by many research groups the world over. Reasons for this likely include the often straightforward method of precursor assembly using Fmoc-based chemistry and the fundamentally interesting acyl migration process. In this review we introduce recent advances in this exciting area and discuss, in more detail, our own efforts towards the synthesis of peptide thioesters through N→S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. We have found that several peptide thioesters can be readily prepared and, what's more, there appears to be ample opportunity for further development and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Macmillan
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Anna Adams
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Bhavesh Premdjee
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
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26
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Premdjee B, Adams AL, Macmillan D. Native N-glycopeptide thioester synthesis through N→S acyl transfer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4973-5. [PMID: 21676613 PMCID: PMC3160546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptide thioesters are important tools for the total synthesis of proteins using native chemical ligation (NCL). Preparation of glycopeptide thioesters, that enable the assembly of homogeneously glycosylated proteins, is complicated by the perceived fragile nature of the sugar moiety. Herein, we demonstrate the compatibility of thioester formation via N→S acyl transfer with native N-glycopeptides and report observations that will aid in their preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Derek Macmillan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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27
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Macmillan D, De Cecco M, Reynolds NL, Santos LFA, Barran PE, Dorin JR. Synthesis of cyclic peptides through an intramolecular amide bond rearrangement. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2133-6. [PMID: 21805553 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek Macmillan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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28
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Zheng JS, Chang HN, Wang FL, Liu L. Fmoc synthesis of peptide thioesters without post-chain-assembly manipulation. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11080-3. [PMID: 21714552 DOI: 10.1021/ja204088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple method for the synthesis of peptide thioesters is developed using standard Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis procedures. The method relies on the use of a premade enamide-containing amino acid which, in the final TFA cleavage step, renders the desired thioester functionality through an irreversible intramolecular N-to-S acyl transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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29
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Wang C, Guo Q, Fu Y. Theoretical Analysis of the Detailed Mechanism of Native Chemical Ligation Reactions. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1241-51. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
| | - Qing‐Xiang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
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30
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Katayama H, Nakahara Y, Hojo H. N-Methyl-phenacyloxycarbamidomethyl (Pocam) group: a novel thiol protecting group for solid-phase peptide synthesis and peptide condensation reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4653-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05253e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Mende F, Seitz O. 9-Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-basierte Festphasensynthese von α-Peptidthioestern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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32
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Mende F, Seitz O. 9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-Based Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide α-Thioesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 50:1232-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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33
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Hou W, Zhang X, Li F, Liu CF. Peptidyl N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-amides as thioester precursors for native chemical ligation. Org Lett 2010; 13:386-9. [PMID: 21175148 DOI: 10.1021/ol102735k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With two β-mercaptoethyl groups on the N, a tertiary amide of structure 1 is always poised for intramolecular thioesterification however it flips about the C-N bond. It is shown that a peptide with such a C-terminal N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-amide (BMEA) can be used directly for native chemical ligation (NCL). These BMEA peptides are easily prepared with standard Fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis protocols, thus giving a very convenient access to the thioester components for NCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hou
- Division of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
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34
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Ackrill T, Anderson DW, Macmillan D. Towards biomolecular assembly employing extended native chemical ligation in combination with thioester synthesis using an N→S acyl shift. Biopolymers 2010; 94:495-503. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Kang J, Macmillan D. Peptide and protein thioester synthesis via N-->S acyl transfer. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1993-2002. [PMID: 20401371 DOI: 10.1039/b925075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Peptide and protein thioesters are playing an increasingly prominent role in the chemical toolbox for protein assembly and modification through Native Chemical Ligation (NCL). In this Emerging Area we highlight recent developments in a somewhat surprising route to thioesters: selective disruption of amides, the more stable carboxylic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskiranjit Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK WC1H 0AJ
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36
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Richardson JP, Chan CH, Blanc J, Saadi M, Macmillan D. Exploring neoglycoprotein assembly through native chemical ligation using neoglycopeptide thioesters prepared via N→S acyl transfer. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1351-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b920535g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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37
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Shigenaga A, Sato K, Otaka A. Recent Progress in the Synthetic Methodologies of Peptide Thioesters. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2010. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.68.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Masania J, Li J, Smerdon SJ, Macmillan D. Access to phosphoproteins and glycoproteins through semi-synthesis, Native Chemical Ligation and N→S acyl transfer. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:5113-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00363h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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39
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Katayama H, Hojo H, Shimizu I, Nakahara Y, Nakahara Y. Chemical synthesis of mouse pro-opiomelanocortin(1–74) by azido-protected glycopeptide ligation via the thioester method. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1966-72. [DOI: 10.1039/b927270d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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