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Maki K, Hossain MS, Tanaka T, Takeda Y, Takagi K, Wakayama M. l-tryptophan-histidine synthesis by Pseudomonas serine peptidase, an amino acid ester hydrolase of the peptidase family S9. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 147:109785. [PMID: 33992407 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. KM1 produces an amino acid ester hydrolase (KM1AEH) that catalyzes peptide bond formation by acting on carboxylic ester bonds. The KM1AEH gene was cloned from genomic DNA and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme (rKM1AEH) was purified, and gel filtration showed that it is a 68 kDa monomeric protein. rKM1AEH can synthesize the vasoactive dipeptide tryptophan-histidine from tryptophan methyl ester and histidine as acyl donor and acceptor, respectively. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 9.5 and 45 °C and was specifically inhibited by silver (Ag+). Mutation of the catalytic Ser459 residue in the active site of rKM1AEH with Ala, Cys, or Thr eliminated all catalytic activity. The enzyme is a novel ester hydrolase that belongs to the peptidase family S9 based on the phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Maki
- Dept of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Md Saddam Hossain
- Dept of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- Dept of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takeda
- Dept of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Takagi
- Dept of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Mamoru Wakayama
- Dept of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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Arima J, Tokai S, Chiba M, Ichiyanagi T, Yabuta Y, Mori N, Aimi T. Gene cloning and biochemical characterization of eryngase, a serine aminopeptidase of Pleurotus eryngii belonging to the family S9 peptidases. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:1856-63. [PMID: 25051988 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.940277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus eryngii serine aminopeptidase that has peptide bond formation activity, redesignated as eryngase, was cloned and expressed. Eryngase has a family S9 peptidase unit in the C-terminal region having a catalytic triad of Ser, Asp, and His. In the phylogenetic relations among the subfamilies of family S9 peptidase (S9A, prolyl oligopeptidase; S9B, dipeptidyl peptidase; S9C, acylaminoacyl peptidase; S9D, glutamyl endopeptidase), eryngase existed alone in the neighbor of S9C subfamily. Mutation of the active site Ser524 of the eryngase with Ala eliminated its catalytic activity. In contrast, S524C mutant maintained low catalytic activity. Investigation of aminolysis activity using l-Phe-NH2 as a substrate showed that S524C mutant exhibited no hydrolysis reaction but synthesized a small amount of l-Phe-l-Phe-NH2 by the catalysis of aminolysis. In contrast, wild-type eryngase hydrolyzed the product of aminolysis l-Phe-l-Phe-NH2. Results show that the S524C mutant preferentially catalyzed aminolysis when on an l-Phe-NH2 substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Arima
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Sciences , Tottori University , Tottori , Japan
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Arima J, Tanaka A, Morimoto M, Mori N. Mutation of active site serine residue with cysteine displays change in acyl-acceptor preference of β-peptidyl aminopeptidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1631-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Shiota H, Kanzaki H, Hatanaka T, Nitoda T. TMG-chitotriomycin as a probe for the prediction of substrate specificity of β-N-acetylhexosaminidases. Carbohydr Res 2013; 375:29-34. [PMID: 23685037 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
TMG-chitotriomycin (1) produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces annulatus NBRC13369 was examined as a probe for the prediction of substrate specificity of β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (HexNAcases). According to the results of inhibition assays, 14 GH20 HexNAcases from various organisms were divided into 1-sensitive and 1-insensitive enzymes. Three representatives of each group were investigated for their substrate specificity. The 1-sensitive HexNAcases hydrolyzed N-acetylchitooligosaccharides but not N-glycan-type oligosaccharides, whereas the 1-insensitive enzymes hydrolyzed N-glycan-type oligosaccharides but not N-acetylchitooligosaccharides, indicating that TMG-chitotriomycin can be used as a molecular probe to distinguish between chitin-degrading HexNAcases and glycoconjugate-processing HexNAcases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Shiota
- Laboratory of Bioresources Chemistry, The Graduate School of Environmental & Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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One-pot synthesis of diverse DL-configuration dipeptides by a Streptomyces D-stereospecific amidohydrolase. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:8209-18. [PMID: 21948842 DOI: 10.1128/aem.05543-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of diverse DL-configuration dipeptides in a one-pot reaction was demonstrated by using a function of the aminolysis reaction of a D-stereospecific amidohydrolase from Streptomyces sp., a clan SE, S12 family peptidase categorized as a peptidase with D-stereospecificity. The enzyme was able to use various aminoacyl derivatives, including L-aminoacyl derivatives, as acyl donors and acceptors. Investigations of the specificity of the peptide synthetic activity revealed that the enzyme preferentially used D-aminoacyl derivatives as acyl donors. In contrast, L-amino acids and their derivatives were preferentially used as acyl acceptors. Consequently, the synthesized dipeptides had a DL-configuration when D- and L-aminoacyl derivatives were mixed in a one-pot reaction. This report also describes that the enzyme produced cyclo(D-Pro-L-Arg), a specific inhibitor of family 18 chitinase, with a conversion rate for D-Pro benzyl ester and L-Arg methyl ester to cyclo(D-Pro-L-Arg) of greater than 65%. Furthermore, based on results of cyclo(D-Pro-L-Arg) synthesis, we propose a reaction mechanism for cyclo(D-Pro-L-Arg) production.
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Strohmeier GA, Pichler H, May O, Gruber-Khadjawi M. Application of Designed Enzymes in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4141-64. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100386u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gernot A. Strohmeier
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver May
- DSM—Innovative Synthesis BV, Geleen, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Usuki H, Yamamoto Y, Arima J, Iwabuchi M, Miyoshi S, Nitoda T, Hatanaka T. Peptide bond formation by aminolysin-A catalysis: a simple approach to enzymatic synthesis of diverse short oligopeptides and biologically active puromycins. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2327-35. [PMID: 21321761 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new S9 family aminopeptidase derived from the actinobacterial thermophile Acidothermus cellulolyticus was cloned and engineered into a transaminopeptidase by site-directed mutagenesis of catalytic Ser(491) into Cys. The engineered biocatalyst, designated aminolysin-A, can catalyze the formation of peptide bonds to give linear homo-oligopeptides, hetero-dipeptides, and cyclic dipeptides using cost-effective substrates in a one-pot reaction. Aminolysin-A can recognize several C-terminal-modified amino acids, including the l- and d-forms, as acyl donors as well as free amines, including amino acids and puromycin aminonucleoside, as acyl acceptors. The absence of amino acid esters prevents the formation of peptides; therefore, the reaction mechanism involves aminolysis and not a reverse reaction of hydrolysis. The aminolysin system will be a beneficial tool for the preparation of structurally diverse peptide mimetics by a simple approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Usuki
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Research Institute for Biological Sciences (RIBS), 7549-1 Kibichuo-cho, Kaga-gun, Okayama 716-1241, Japan
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Prolyl aminopeptidase from Streptomyces thermoluteus subsp. fuscus strain NBRC14270 and synthesis of proline-containing peptides by its S144C variant. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:6180-5. [PMID: 20675455 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01242-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We specifically examined an exopeptidase, prolyl aminopeptidase (PAP), as a target for synthesis of proline-containing peptides. A PAP from Streptomyces thermoluteus subsp. fuscus NBRC14270 (PAP14270) was obtained using sequence-based screening. From PAP14270, 144Ser was replaced by Cys (scPAP14270) to give aminolysis activity. In contrast to wild-type PAP14270, scPAP14270 produced a polymer of proline benzyl ester and cyclo[Pro-Pro]. The product mass was confirmed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Several factors affecting the reaction, such as the pH, concentration of the substrate, and reaction time, were measured to determine their effects. Furthermore, a correlation was found between substrate specificity in proline peptide synthesis and the log D value of acyl acceptors in aminolysis catalyzed by scPAP14270. Results showed that dipeptide synthesis proceeded in a weakly acidic environment and that cyclization and polymerization occurred under alkaline conditions. Furthermore, results suggest that almost all amino acid esters whose log D value is greater than 0, except hydroxyproline benzyl ester (Hyp-OBzl), can be recognized as acyl acceptors. These findings support the use of PAPs as a tool for production of physiologically active proline peptides.
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Eryngase: a Pleurotus eryngii aminopeptidase exhibiting peptide bond formation activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:1791-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The aminolysis reaction of streptomyces S9 aminopeptidase promotes the synthesis of diverse prolyl dipeptides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:4109-12. [PMID: 20418423 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00577-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl dipeptide synthesis by S9 aminopeptidase from Streptomyces thermocyaneoviolaceus (S9AP-St) has been demonstrated. In the synthesis, S9AP-St preferentially used l-Pro-OBzl as the acyl donor, yielding synthesized dipeptides having an l-Pro-Xaa structure. In addition, S9AP-St showed broad specificity toward the acyl acceptor. Furthermore, S9AP-St produced cyclo (l-Pro-l-His) with a conversion ratio of substrate to cyclo (l-Pro-l-His) higher than 40%.
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