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Cambón A, Villar-Alvarez E, Alatorre-Meda M, Pardo A, Hiram B, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Characterization of the complexation phenomenon and biological activity in vitro of polyplexes based on Tetronic T901 and DNA. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 519:58-70. [PMID: 29482097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The complexation process and underlying mechanisms that rule the interaction of DNA with the cationic block copolymer Tetronic T901 to form polyplexes and their potential transfection efficiency have been studied under different solution conditions. We noted that T901 favors the formation of self-assembled structures with partially condensed DNA at smaller polymer concentrations than other Pluronic™/Tetronic™-type copolymers previously analysed. The observed polyplexes display sizes from the nano- to the micro- range as derived from DLS, electronic and optical microscopies. Also, copolymer micelles are observed at concentrations below the copolymer critical micellar concentration (cmc) induced by the presence of DNA. The complexation process is dependent on solution conditions, with electrostatic and ionic interactions being more important at acidic pH thanks to the predominant diprotonated form of the block copolymer which is less aggregation-prone, whilst dispersive forces are increasingly enhanced under basic conditions or when rising the solution temperature. Whatever the case, the complexation is mainly governed by entropic contributions, as denoted from ITC data. In vitro transfection experiments after complexing T901 with a pDNA encoding the expression of green fluorescein protein, GFP, show a relative successful fluorescence of transfected HeLa cells, which confirms the uptake, internalization and release of the genetic material within the cells at suitable [N]/[P] ratios with relatively low cytotoxicity. Despite the observed successful outcomes, the obtained transfection efficacies are slightly lower than those obtained with Lipofectamine2000, so further optimization of the polyplex formation conditions is envisaged in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cambón
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Eva Villar-Alvarez
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Manuel Alatorre-Meda
- CONACyT-Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, 22510 Tijuana, B.C., Mexico
| | - Alberto Pardo
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Baltazar Hiram
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Transversal, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Víctor Mosquera
- Colloids and Polymers Physics Group, Department of Particle Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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Rodríguez-Velázquez E, Taboada P, Alatorre-Meda M. Biocompatible hollow polymeric particles produced by a mild solvent- and template free strategy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:732-740. [PMID: 29150150 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic hollow polymeric particles are attractive materials for various applications such as surgery, food industry, agriculture, etc. However, protocols reporting their synthesis have hitherto made use of organic solvents and/or sacrificial templates, compromising the encapsulation of different bioactive compounds and the process yield. Here, millimeter-size, hollow polymeric particles were synthesized, for the first time, in a solvent- and template free manner onto superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS). The particles were produced upon assembly and double superficial crosslinking of liquid droplets of DNA and methacrylamide chitosan aqueous solutions (CH:MA), leading to liquid-core particles with a hardened hydrogel shell. The particles displayed appealing physical and biological properties. The millimeter-size hydrogel shell, resulting from the double ionic/covalent crosslinking of CH:MA, endowed the hollow particles with softness to the touch and an outstanding structural stability against manipulation by hand and with forceps. Meanwhile, the liquid DNA core guaranteed a biocompatible cell encapsulation followed by a superior release and proliferation of viable cells, as compared to solid CH:MA particles prepared as a blank. Particles with these characteristics show promise for surgical protocols practiced in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, where manipulable and biocompatible synthetic implants are often needed to supply living cells and other sensitive bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustolia Rodríguez-Velázquez
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Campus Tijuana, Calzada Universidad 14418, 22390 Tijuana, B. C., Mexico; Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Norte S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Ortopedia y Banco de Tejidos Musculoesqueléticos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Alatorre-Meda
- Instituto de Ortopedia y Banco de Tejidos Musculoesqueléticos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CONACyT - Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, 22510 Tijuana, B. C., Mexico.
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Rodríguez-Velázquez E, Taboada P, Alatorre-Meda M. Biocompatible hollow polymeric particles produced by a mild solvent- and template free strategy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:898-904. [PMID: 28898951 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Macroscopic hollow polymeric particles are attractive materials for various applications such as surgery, food industry, agriculture, etc. However, protocols reporting their synthesis have hitherto made use of organic solvents and/or sacrificial templates, compromising the encapsulation of different bioactive compounds and the process yield. Here, millimeter-size, hollow polymeric particles were synthesized, for the first time, in a solvent- and template free manner onto superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS). The particles were produced upon assembly and double superficial crosslinking of liquid droplets of DNA and methacrylamide chitosan aqueous solutions (CH:MA), leading to liquid-core particles with a hardened hydrogel shell. The particles displayed appealing physical and biological properties. The millimeter-size hydrogel shell, resulting from the double ionic/covalent crosslinking of CH:MA, endowed the hollow particles with softness to the touch and an outstanding structural stability against manipulation by hand and with forceps. Meanwhile, the liquid DNA core guaranteed a biocompatible cell encapsulation followed by a superior release and proliferation of viable cells, as compared to solid CH:MA particles prepared as a blank. Particles with these characteristics show promise for surgical protocols practiced in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, where manipulable and biocompatible synthetic implants are often needed to supply living cells and other sensitive bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustolia Rodríguez-Velázquez
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Campus Tijuana, Calzada Universidad 14418, 22390 Tijuana, B. C., Mexico; Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Norte S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Ortopedia y Banco de Tejidos Musculoesqueléticos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Alatorre-Meda
- Instituto de Ortopedia y Banco de Tejidos Musculoesqueléticos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur S/N, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CONACyT-Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, 22510 Tijuana, B. C., Mexico.
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Bravo-Anaya LM, Soltero JFA, Rinaudo M. DNA/chitosan electrostatic complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 88:345-53. [PMID: 27050113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Up to now, chitosan and DNA have been investigated for gene delivery due to chitosan advantages. It is recognized that chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable non-viral vector that does not produce immunological reactions, contrary to viral vectors. Chitosan has also been used and studied for its ability to protect DNA against nuclease degradation and to transfect DNA into several kinds of cells. In this work, high molecular weight DNA is compacted with chitosan. DNA-chitosan complex stoichiometry, net charge, dimensions, conformation and thermal stability are determined and discussed. The influence of external salt and chitosan molecular weight on the stoichiometry is also discussed. The isoelectric point of the complexes was found to be directly related to the protonation degree of chitosan. It is clearly demonstrated that the net charge of DNA-chitosan complex can be expressed in terms of the ratio [NH3(+)]/[P(-)], showing that the electrostatic interactions between DNA and chitosan are the main phenomena taking place in the solution. Compaction of DNA long chain complexed with low molar mass chitosan gives nanoparticles with an average radius around 150nm. Stable nanoparticles are obtained for a partial neutralization of phosphate ionic sites (i.e.: [NH3(+)]/[P(-)] fraction between 0.35 and 0.80).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mónica Bravo-Anaya
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Blvd. M. García Barragán #1451, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Grenoble Alpes University, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - J F Armando Soltero
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Blvd. M. García Barragán #1451, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Chitosan–hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for gene silencing: The role of hyaluronic acid on the nanoparticles’ formation and activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 103:615-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cuomo F, Mosca M, Murgia S, Ceglie A, Lopez F. Oligonucleotides and polynucleotides condensation onto liposome surface: effects of the base and of the nucleotide length. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 104:239-44. [PMID: 23337119 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The association behavior of different nucleic acids with cationic liposomes has been monitored, in order to find out how the polymer length, the type of base and the charge density affect the lipoplex formation. In particular the associative features displayed by the homopolymer 20-mer of adenine, Oligo (dA), of timine, Oligo (dT), and of guanine, Oligo (dG), were compared to understand the role of the base. The effects of the nucleic acid length and of the charge density were evaluated taking account of the association of the polyadenylic acid and of the DNA onto the liposomes. The results show that the homopolymer Oligo (dG) is able to interact with the cationic liposomes to the same extent as DNA, in spite of the fact that Oligo (dG) is a short polymer made of 20 residues and DNA is a longer and dual strand polymer having a higher charge density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cuomo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti (DIAAA) and CSGI, Università degli studi del Molise, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.
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Alatorre-Meda M, Taboada P, Hartl F, Wagner T, Freis M, Rodríguez JR. The influence of chitosan valence on the complexation and transfection of DNA: The weaker the DNA–chitosan binding the higher the transfection efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 82:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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