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Nayak S, Gaonkar SL. Coinage Metal N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Recent Synthetic Strategies and Medicinal Applications. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1360-1390. [PMID: 33277791 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New weapons are constantly needed in the fight against cancer. The discovery of cisplatin as an anticancer drug prompted the search for new metal complexes. The successful history of cisplatin motivated chemists to develop a plethora of metal-based molecules. Among them, metal-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes have gained significant attention because of their suitable qualities for efficient drug design. The enhanced applications of coinage metal-NHC complexes have encouraged a gradually increasing number of studies in the fields of medicinal chemistry that benefit from the fascinating chemical properties of these complexes. This review aims to present recent developments in synthetic strategies and medicinal applications of copper, silver and gold complexes supported by NHC ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnagowri Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh L Gaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Quinlivan PJ, Loo A, Shlian DG, Martinez J, Parkin G. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Nickel, Palladium, and Iridium Derived from Nitron: Synthesis, Structures, and Catalytic Properties. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Quinlivan
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Aaron Loo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Daniel G. Shlian
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Joan Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Kuznetsov ML, Kukushkin VY. Diversity of reactivity modes upon interplay between Au(iii)-bound isocyanides and cyclic nitrones: a theoretical consideration. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:786-802. [PMID: 28001162 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-bound isocyanides demonstrate a very rich chemistry towards 1,3-dipoles of the allyl anion type such as nitrones. Depending on the metal centre, dipole nature and substituent in isocyanides, cycloadducts, imine + isocyanates or metallacycles may be formed. In this work, the reasons for such diversity, intimate details of the reaction mechanism and main factors determining the chemoselectivity in the reaction between Au(iii)-bound isocyanides ([AuCl3(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]NR)]) and cyclic nitrones -O-N[combining low line]+[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)XXX[combining low line] (XXX = CH2CH2CMe2, CH2CH2CH2, OCH2CMe2, CH2OCMe2 and CH2CH2O) are analysed in detail by theoretical (DFT) methods. The formation of cycloadducts is controlled by the LUMOπ*(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]N) of isocyanides and it occurs in a stepwise manner via the initial nucleophilic addition of nitrone at the C atom of C[triple bond, length as m-dash]NR (except for nitronate -O-N[combining low line]+[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)CH2CH2O[combining low line]). The imine + isocyanate products are formed upon oxygen transfer from nitrones to isocyanides, and N-O bond cleavage is the main factor determining this process. A metallacycle is formed upon decomposition of the cycloadduct, and this process includes deprotonation of the oxadiazoline CH group/N-O bond cleavage and Cl- elimination/cyclization. The main factor controlling the metallacycle formation is the acidity of the endocyclic CH group in the cycloadduct. Effects of the substituent R in C[triple bond, length as m-dash]NR and the nitrone nature on the reactivity are analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim L Kuznetsov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal. and International Group on Organometallic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- International Group on Organometallic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Molitor S, Schwarz C, Gessner VH. Mono- and Bis-Cyclometalated Palladium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Molitor
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Schwarz
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Zhan LW, Han L, Xing P, Jiang B. Copper N-Heterocyclic Carbene: A Catalyst for Aerobic Oxidation or Reduction Reactions. Org Lett 2015; 17:5990-3. [PMID: 26633757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper N-heterocyclic carbene complexes can be readily used as catalysts for both aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and reduction of imines to amines. Our methodology is universal for aromatic substrates and shows versatile tolerance to potential cascade reactions. A one-pot tandem synthetic strategy could afford useful imines and secondary amines via an oxidation-reduction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Wu Zhan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Selective [2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Isocyanates and Thioisocyanates across the M=C Bond in a Ruthenium Carbene Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Coordination Chemistry of Highly Hemilabile Bidentate Sulfoxide N-Heterocyclic Carbenes with Palladium(II). Chem Asian J 2014; 9:3498-510. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Becker J, Gessner VH. Synthesis and Electronic Structure of Carbene Complexes Based on a Sulfonyl-Substituted Dilithio Methandiide. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5001277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Becker
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Li YJ, Zhang JL, Li XJ, Geng Y, Xu XH, Jin Z. (IPr)Pd(pydc) (pydc = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate) – A highly active precatalyst for the sterically hindered C–N coupling reactions. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Novikov AS, Kuznetsov ML, Pombeiro AJL. Theory of the Formation and Decomposition of N-Heterocyclic Aminooxycarbenes through Metal-Assisted [2+3]-Dipolar Cycloaddition/Retro-Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2013; 19:2874-88. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tornatzky J, Kannenberg A, Blechert S. New catalysts with unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:8215-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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