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Kishida S, Takano M, Sekiya T, Ukaji Y, Endo K. Cyclopropenes for the Stepwise Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-Tetraarylbenzenes via 1,4-Cyclohexadienes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14833-14839. [PMID: 36201259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a synthetic approach to the synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetraarylbenzene derivatives from cyclopropenes. The Lewis acid-mediated dimerization of cyclopropenes gives tricyclo[3.1.0.02,4]hexane derivatives. The subsequent thermal ring-opening reaction under solvent-free conditions gives 1,4-cyclohexadienes bearing quaternary carbons. The novel Br2-mediated oxidative rearrangement of 1,4-cyclohexadienes takes place to give 1,2,4,5-tetraarylbenzene derivatives in high to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kishida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Misaki Takano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiya
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ukaji
- Division of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kohei Endo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Huynh VN, Leitner M, Bhattacharyya A, Uhlstein L, Kreitmeier P, Sakrausky P, Rehbein J, Reiser O. Diels-Alder reactions and electrophilic substitutions with atypical regioselectivity enable functionalization of terminal rings of anthracene. Commun Chem 2020; 3:158. [PMID: 36703384 PMCID: PMC9814106 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversing the regioselectivity of the renowned Diels-Alder reaction by overriding the usual thermodynamic and kinetic governing factors has always been a formidable challenge to synthetic organic chemists. Anthracenes are well-known to undergo [4 + 2]-cycloadditions with dienophiles at their 9,10-positions (central ring) over 1,4-positions (terminal ring) guided by the relative aromatic stabilization energy of the two possible products, and also by harboring the largest orbital coefficients of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) at the 9,10-positions. We, herein, report a 1,4-selective [4 + 2]-cycloaddition strategy of 9,10-unsubstituted anthracenes by installing electron-donating substituents on the terminal rings which is heretofore unprecedented to the best of our knowledge. The developed synthetic strategy does not require any premeditated engagement of the 9,10-positions either with any sterically bulky or electron-withdrawing substituents and allows delicate calibration of the regioselectivity by modulating the electron-donating strength of the substituents on the terminal rings. Likewise, the regioselective functionalization of the terminal anthracene ring in electrophilic substitution reactions is demonstrated. A mechanistic rationale is offered with the aid of detailed computational studies, and finally, synthetic applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Ngoc Huynh
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany ,grid.454160.20000 0004 0642 8526University of Science, Vietnam National University, 227 Nguyễn Văn Cừ street, district 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Michael Leitner
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Uhlstein
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kreitmeier
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Sakrausky
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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ALTUNDAS A. Bromination of 1,2-Dimethylenecyclohexane: Temperature Effect on Product Distribution. GAZI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.35378/gujs.466697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Essiz S, Dalkilic E, Sari O, Dastan A, Balci M. Unexpected regioselectivity observed in the bromination and epoxidation reactions of p-benzoquinone-fused norbornadiene: An experimental and computational study. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ivanova OA, Budynina EM, Chagarovskiy AO, Kaplun AE, Trushkov IV, Melnikov MY. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed [3+4] Annulation of 2-(Heteroaryl)- cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates with Cyclopentadiene. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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