1
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Zhao M, Cho SH, Wu X, Mao J, Vogt BD, Zacharia NS. Covalently crosslinked coacervates: immobilization and stabilization of proteins with enhanced enzymatic activity. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:7623-7633. [PMID: 39291470 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00765d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Coacervates represent models for membrane-free protocells and thus provide a simple route to synthetic cellular-like systems that provide selective encapsulation of solutes. Here, we demonstrate a simple and versatile post-coacervation crosslink method using the thiol-ene click reaction in aqueous media to prepare covalently crosslinked coacervates. The crosslinking of the coacervate enables stability at extreme pH where the uncrosslinked coacervate fully disassembles. The crosslinking also enhances the hydrophobicity within the coacervate environment to increase the encapsulation efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA), as compared to the uncrosslinked coacervate. Additionally, the crosslinked coacervate increases the stabilization of BSA at low pH. These crosslinked coacervates can act as carriers for enzymes. The enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is enhanced within the crosslinked coacervate compared to the ALP in aqueous solution. The post-coacervation crosslink approach allows the utilization of coacervates for encapsulation of biologicals under conditions where the coacervate would generally disassemble. We demonstrate that these crosslinked coacervates enable the protection of encapsulated protein against denaturation at extreme pH and enhance the enzymatic activity with encapsulation. This click approach to stabilization of coacervates should be broadly applicable to other systems for a variety of biologics and environmentally sensitive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
| | - Szu-Hao Cho
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
| | - Xinchi Wu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
| | - Jingyi Mao
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
| | - Bryan D Vogt
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Nicole S Zacharia
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron OH 44325, USA
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2
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Gomez-Romero P, Pokhriyal A, Rueda-García D, Bengoa LN, González-Gil RM. Hybrid Materials: A Metareview. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:8-27. [PMID: 38222940 PMCID: PMC10783426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The field of hybrid materials has grown so wildly in the last 30 years that writing a comprehensive review has turned into an impossible mission. Yet, the need for a general view of the field remains, and it would be certainly useful to draw a scientific and technological map connecting the dots of the very different subfields of hybrid materials, a map which could relate the essential common characteristics of these fascinating materials while providing an overview of the very different combinations, synthetic approaches, and final applications formulated in this field, which has become a whole world. That is why we decided to write this metareview, that is, a review of reviews that could provide an eagle's eye view of a complex and varied landscape of materials which nevertheless share a common driving force: the power of hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gomez-Romero
- Novel
Energy-Oriented Materials Group at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology (ICN2) CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anukriti Pokhriyal
- Novel
Energy-Oriented Materials Group at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology (ICN2) CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Rueda-García
- Napptilus
Battery Labs, Tech Barcelona
01, Plaça de Pau Vila, 1, Oficina 2B, 08039 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leandro N. Bengoa
- Novel
Energy-Oriented Materials Group at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology (ICN2) CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. González-Gil
- Novel
Energy-Oriented Materials Group at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology (ICN2) CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Gandia A, Adamatzky A. Fungal skin for robots. Biosystems 2024; 235:105106. [PMID: 38128872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in mycelium technology, stemming from fungal electronics and the development of living mycelium composites and skins, have opened new avenues in the fusion of biological and artificial systems. This paper explores an experimental endeavour that successfully incorporates living, self-regenerating, and reactive Ganoderma sessile mycelium into a model cyborg figure, creating a bio-cybernetic entity. The mycelium, cultivated using established techniques, was homogeneously grown on the cyborg model's surface, demonstrating robust reactivity to various stimuli such as light exposure and touch. This innovative merger points towards the future of sustainable biomaterials and the potential integration of these materials into new and existing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Gandia
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, CSIC-UPV, Valencia, Spain
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4
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Xiong W, Peng Y, Ma W, Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu J, Tang R. Microalgae-material hybrid for enhanced photosynthetic energy conversion: a promising path towards carbon neutrality. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad200. [PMID: 37671320 PMCID: PMC10476897 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic energy conversion for high-energy chemicals generation is one of the most viable solutions in the quest for sustainable energy towards carbon neutrality. Microalgae are fascinating photosynthetic organisms, which can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy and electrical energy. However, microalgal photosynthetic energy has not yet been applied on a large scale due to the limitation of their own characteristics. Researchers have been inspired to couple microalgae with synthetic materials via biomimetic assembly and the resulting microalgae-material hybrids have become more robust and even perform new functions. In the past decade, great progress has been made in microalgae-material hybrids, such as photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation, photosynthetic hydrogen production, photoelectrochemical energy conversion and even biochemical energy conversion for biomedical therapy. The microalgae-material hybrid offers opportunities to promote artificially enhanced photosynthesis research and synchronously inspires investigation of biotic-abiotic interface manipulation. This review summarizes current construction methods of microalgae-material hybrids and highlights their implication in energy and health. Moreover, we discuss the current problems and future challenges for microalgae-material hybrids and the outlook for their development and applications. This review will provide inspiration for the rational design of the microalgae-based semi-natural biohybrid and further promote the disciplinary fusion of material science and biological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yiyan Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Weimin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xurong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yueqi Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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5
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Shikina E, Kovalevsky R, Shirkovskaya A, Toukach P. Prospective bacterial and fungal sources of hyaluronic acid: A review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:6214-6236. [PMID: 36420162 PMCID: PMC9676211 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique biological and rheological properties make hyaluronic acid a sought-after material for medicine and cosmetology. Due to very high purity requirements for hyaluronic acid in medical applications, the profitability of streptococcal fermentation is reduced. Production of hyaluronic acid by recombinant systems is considered a promising alternative. Variations in combinations of expressed genes and fermentation conditions alter the yield and molecular weight of produced hyaluronic acid. This review is devoted to the current state of hyaluronic acid production by recombinant bacterial and fungal organisms.
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6
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Zhang X, Wang H, Li Q, Yin Z, Qi H, Yang J, Wang X, Xiao W, Zhang L. Development of Organogels for Live Yarrowia lipolytica Encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10251-10258. [PMID: 35671190 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of cells/microorganisms attracts great attention in many applications, but current studies mainly focus on hydrophilic encapsulation materials. Herein, we develop a new class of hydrophobic and lipophilic organogels for highly efficient encapsulation of Yarrowia lipolytica, an oleaginous yeast, by a mild and nonsolvent photopolymerization method. The organogels allow free diffusion of hydrophobic molecules that oleaginous yeasts require to survive and function. Moreover, they are mechanically robust and possess favorable biocompatibility, thus providing a free-standing platform and an ideal survival environment for oleaginous Y. lipolytica encapsulation. By tuning monomer structures and cross-linking densities, the optimized organogel, Gel12-1.5%, achieves the highest viability of ∼96%. Furthermore, organogels can inhibit the cryoinjuries to oleaginous yeasts in cryopreservation, exhibiting the potential for long-term storage. It is also found that with varying alkyl lengths, the organogels show different temperature-dependent phase transition properties, which enable the rapid selection of targeted yeasts for steganography. Findings in this work provide guidance for designing biocompatible, hydrophobic, and lipophilic encapsulation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Herong Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qingsi Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaoxu Yin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haishan Qi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenhai Xiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute, Tianjin University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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7
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Kamanina O, Arlyapov V, Rybochkin P, Lavrova D, Podsevalova E, Ponamoreva O. Application of organosilicate matrix based on methyltriethoxysilane, PVA and bacteria Paracoccus yeei to create a highly sensitive BOD. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:331. [PMID: 34194914 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have studied immobilization of Paracoccus yeei VKM B-3302 cells in an organosilica sol-gel matrix consisting of tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and polyvinyl alcohol as a structure-modifying agent. Optical microscopy showed that higher amounts of methyltriethoxysilane make the solid material structure softer. In addition, formation of structures, probably, with bacterial cells inside was spotted. We have analyzed the catalytic power of the immobilized bacteria and discovered that the material's catalytic potential is the highest at 50% of methyltriethoxysilane. Therefore, this seems to be the best ratio of precursors in a material for bacteria to become effectively encapsulated. Analysis of the material structure by low-temperature nitrogen absorption and scanning electron microscopy revealed that in the given conditions the material got crack-like mesopores and spherical particles of about 25 µm in diameter with immobilized bacterial cells on their surface. The study found that the fabricated organosilica material can effectively protect bacterial cells against UV radiation, pH change, high salinity and high heavy metal ion concentration.
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8
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Holzmeister I, Schamel M, Groll J, Gbureck U, Vorndran E. Artificial inorganic biohybrids: The functional combination of microorganisms and cells with inorganic materials. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:17-35. [PMID: 29698705 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biohybrids can be defined as the functional combination of proteins, viable cells or microorganisms with non-biological materials. This article reviews recent findings on the encapsulation of microorganisms and eukaryotic cells in inorganic matrices such as silica gels or cements. The entrapment of biological entities into a support material is of great benefit for processing since the encapsulation matrix protects sensitive cells from shear forces, unfavourable pH changes, or cytotoxic solvents, avoids culture-washout, and simplifies the separation of formed products. After reflecting general aspects of such an immobilization as well as the chemistry of the inorganic matrices, we focused on manufacturing aspects and the application of such biohybrids in biotechnology, medicine as well as in environmental science and for civil engineering purpose. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The encapsulation of living cells and microorganisms became an intensively studied and rapidly expanding research field with manifold applications in medicine, bio- and environmental technology, or civil engineering. Here, the use of silica or cements as encapsulation matrices have the advantage of a higher chemical and mechanical resistance towards harsh environmental conditions during processing compared to their polymeric counterparts. In this perspective, the article gives an overview about the inorganic material systems used for cell encapsulation, followed by reviewing the most important applications. The future may lay in a combination of the currently achieved biohybrid systems with additive manufacturing techniques. In a longer perspective, this would enable the direct printing of cell loaded bioreactor components.
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9
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Pavan Kumar BVVS, Fothergill J, Bretherton J, Tian L, Patil AJ, Davis SA, Mann S. Chloroplast-containing coacervate micro-droplets as a step towards photosynthetically active membrane-free protocells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3594-3597. [PMID: 29578216 PMCID: PMC5885784 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of structurally and functionally intact chloroplasts within coacervate micro-droplets is used to prepare membrane-free protocells capable of light-induced electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V V S Pavan Kumar
- Centre for Protolife Research, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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10
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Geng W, Wang L, Jiang N, Cao J, Xiao YX, Wei H, Yetisen AK, Yang XY, Su BL. Single cells in nanoshells for the functionalization of living cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3112-3129. [PMID: 29393952 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the characteristics of cells in live organisms, new types of hybrids have been designed comprising live cells and abiotic materials having a variety of structures and functionalities. The major goal of these studies is to uncover hybridization approaches that promote cell stabilization and enable the introduction of new functions into living cells. Single-cells in nanoshells have great potential in a large number of applications including bioelectronics, cell protection, cell therapy, and biocatalysis. In this review, we discuss the results of investigations that have focused on the synthesis, structuration, functionalization, and applications of these single-cells in nanoshells. We describe synthesis methods to control the structural and functional features of single-cells in nanoshells, and further develop their applications in sustainable energy, environmental remediation, green biocatalysis, and smart cell therapy. Perceived limitations of single-cells in nanoshells have been also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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11
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Bernal OI, Bharti B, Flickinger MC, Velev OD. Fabrication of Photoreactive Biocomposite Coatings via Electric Field-Assisted Assembly of Cyanobacteria. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5304-5313. [PMID: 28481540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report how dielectrophoresis (DEP) can be used as a tool for the fabrication of biocomposite coatings of photoreactive cyanobacteria (Synechococcus PCC7002) on flexible polyester sheets (PEs). The PE substrates were precoated by a layer-by-layer assembled film of charged polyelectrolytes. In excellent agreement between experimental data and numerical simulations, the directed assembly process driven by external electric field results in the formation of 1D chains and 2D sheets by the cells. The preassembled cyanobacteria chains and arrays became deposited on the substrate and remained in place after the electric field was turned off due to the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged cell surfaces and the positively charged polyelectrolyte-coated PE. The DEP-assisted packing of cyanobacteria is close to the maximal surface coverage of ∼70% estimated from convectively assembled monolayers. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and spectrophotometry confirm that the photosynthetic pigment integrity of the Synechococcus cells is preserved after DEP immobilization. The significant decrease of the light scattering and the enhanced transmittance of these field-assembled cyanobacteria coatings demonstrate reduced self-shading compared to suspension cultures. Thus, we achieved the assembly of structured cyanobacteria coatings that optimize cell surface coverage and preserve cell viability after immobilization. This is a step toward the development of flexible multilayered cell-based photoabsorbing biomaterials that can serve as components of "biomimetic leaves" for utilizing solar energy to recycle CO2 into fuels or chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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12
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Fazal Z, Pelowitz J, Johnson PE, Harper JC, Brinker CJ, Jakobsson E. Three-Dimensional Encapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Silicate Matrices Creates Distinct Metabolic States as Revealed by Gene Chip Analysis. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3560-3575. [PMID: 28287261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to design hybrid cellular/synthetic devices such as sensors and vaccines, it is important to understand how the metabolic state of living cells changes upon physical confinement within three-dimensional (3D) matrices. We analyze the gene expression patterns of stationary phase Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) cells encapsulated within three distinct nanostructured silica matrices and relate those patterns to known naturally occurring metabolic states. Silica encapsulation methods employed were lipid-templated mesophase silica thin films formed by cell-directed assembly (CDA), lipid-templated mesophase silica particles formed by spray drying (SD), and glycerol-doped silica gel monoliths prepared from an aqueous silicate (AqS+g) precursor solution. It was found that the cells for all three-encapsulated methods enter quiescent states characteristic of response to stress, albeit to different degrees and with differences in detail. By the measure of enrichment of stress-related gene ontology categories, we find that the AqS+g encapsulation is more amenable to the cells than CDA and SD encapsulation. We hypothesize that this differential response in the AqS+g encapsulation is related to four properties of the encapsulating gel: (1) oxygen permeability, (2) relative softness of the material, (3) development of a protective sheath around individual cells (visible in TEM micrographs vide infra), and (4) the presence of glycerol in the gel, which has been previously noted to serve as a protectant for encapsulated cells and can serve as the sole carbon source for S. cerevisiae under aerobic conditions. This work represents a combination of experiment and analysis aimed at the design and development of 3D encapsulation procedures to induce, and perhaps control, well-defined physiological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Fazal
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
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13
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Yao S, Jin B, Liu Z, Shao C, Zhao R, Wang X, Tang R. Biomineralization: From Material Tactics to Biological Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605903. [PMID: 28229486 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is an important tactic by which biological organisms produce hierarchically structured minerals with marvellous functions. Biomineralization studies typically focus on the mediation function of organic matrices on inorganic minerals, which helps scientists to design and synthesize bioinspired functional materials. However, the presence of inorganic minerals may also alter the native behaviours of organic matrices and even biological organisms. This progress report discusses the latest achievements relating to biomineralization mechanisms, the manufacturing of biomimetic materials and relevant applications in biological and biomedical fields. In particular, biomineralized vaccines and algae with improved thermostability and photosynthesis, respectively, demonstrate that biomineralization is a strategy for organism evolution via the rational design of organism-material complexes. The successful modification of biological systems using materials is based on the regulatory effect of inorganic materials on organic organisms, which is another aspect of biomineralization control. Unlike previous studies, this study integrates materials and biological science to achieve a more comprehensive view of the mechanisms and applications of biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Biao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Changyu Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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14
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Hasan K, Grippo V, Sperling E, Packer MA, Leech D, Gorton L. Evaluation of Photocurrent Generation from Different Photosynthetic Organisms. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Utah; 315 S 1400 E Room 2020 Salt lake City Utah 84112 USA
| | - Valentina Grippo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology; Lund University; P.O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
| | - Eva Sperling
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology; Lund University; P.O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
| | | | - Dónal Leech
- School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute; National University of Ireland Galway; University Road Galway Ireland
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology; Lund University; P.O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
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15
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Sun M, Chen C, Chen L, Su B. Hierarchically porous materials: Synthesis strategies and emerging applications. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Kamanina OA, Lavrova DG, Arlyapov VA, Alferov VA, Ponamoreva ON. Silica sol-gel encapsulated methylotrophic yeast as filling of biofilters for the removal of methanol from industrial wastewater. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 92:94-8. [PMID: 27542749 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This research suggests the use of new hybrid biomaterials based on methylotrophic yeast cells covered by an alkyl-modified silica shell as biocatalysts. The hybrid biomaterials are produced by sol-gel chemistry from silane precursors. The shell protects microbial cells from harmful effects of acidic environment. Potential use of the hybrid biomaterials based on methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha VKM Y-2559 encapsulated into alkyl-modified silica matrix for biofilters is represented for the first time. Organo-silica shells covering yeast cells effectively protect them from exposure to harmful factors, including extreme values of pH. The biofilter based on the organic silica matrix encapsulated in the methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha BKM Y-2559 has an oxidizing power of 3 times more than the capacity of the aeration tanks used at the chemical plants during methyl alcohol production. This may lead to the development of new and effective industrial wastewater treatment technologies.
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17
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Savage TJ, Dunphy DR, Harbaugh S, Kelley-Loughnane N, Harper JC, Brinker CJ. Influence of Silica Matrix Composition and Functional Component Additives on the Bioactivity and Viability of Encapsulated Living Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1231-1238. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis J. Savage
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Darren R. Dunphy
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Svetlana Harbaugh
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | | | - C. Jeffrey Brinker
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
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18
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Jiang N, Yang XY, Deng Z, Wang L, Hu ZY, Tian G, Ying GL, Shen L, Zhang MX, Su BL. A stable, reusable, and highly active photosynthetic bioreactor by bio-interfacing an individual cyanobacterium with a mesoporous bilayer nanoshell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:2003-2010. [PMID: 25641812 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An individual cyanobacterium cell is interfaced with a nanoporous biohybrid layer within a mesoporous silica layer. The bio-interface acts as an egg membrane for cell protection and growth of outer shell. The resulting bilayer shell provides efficient functions to create a single cell photosynthetic bioreactor with high stability, reusability, and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
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19
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Rasmussen M, Minteer SD. Thylakoid direct photobioelectrocatalysis: utilizing stroma thylakoids to improve bio-solar cell performance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:17327-31. [PMID: 25019197 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02754j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thylakoid membranes from spinach were separated into grana and stroma thylakoid fractions which were characterized by several methods (pigment content, protein gel electrophoresis, photosystem activities, and electron microscopy analysis) to confirm that the intact thylakoids were differentiated into the two domains. The results of photoelectrochemical experiments showed that stroma thylakoid electrodes generate photocurrents more than four times larger than grana thylakoids (51 ± 4 nA cm(-2) compared to 11 ± 1 nA cm(-2)). A similar trend was seen in a bio-solar cell configuration with stroma thylakoids giving almost twice the current (19 ± 3 μA cm(-2)) as grana thylakoids (11 ± 2 μA cm(-2)) with no change in open circuit voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Rasmussen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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20
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Rasmussen M, Wingersky A, Minteer SD. Comparative study of thylakoids from higher plants for solar energy conversion and herbicide detection. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Ponamoreva ON, Kamanina OA, Alferov VA, Machulin AV, Rogova TV, Arlyapov VA, Alferov SV, Suzina NE, Ivanova EP. Yeast-based self-organized hybrid bio-silica sol-gels for the design of biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 67:321-6. [PMID: 25201014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The methylotrophic Pichia angusta VKM Y-2559 and the oleaginous Cryptococcus curvatus VKM Y-3288 yeast cells were immobilized in a bimodal silica-organic sol-gel matrix comprised of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), the hydrophobic additive methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and the porogen polyethylene glycol (PEG). Under carefully optimized experimental conditions, employing basic catalysts, yeast cells have become the nucleation centers for a silica-organic capsule assembled around the cells. The dynamic process involved in the formation of the sol-gel matrix has been investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The results demonstrated the influence of the MTES composition on the nature of the encapsulation of the yeast cells, together with the architecture of the three-dimensional (3D) sol-gel biomatrix that forms during the encapsulation process. A silica capsule was found to form around each yeast cell when using 85 vol% MTES. This capsule was found to protect the microorganisms from the harmful effects that result from exposure to heavy metal ions and UV radiation. The encapsulated P. angusta BKM Y-2559 cells were then employed as a biosensing element for the detection of methanol. The P. angusta-based biosensor is characterized by high reproducibility (Sr, 1%) and operational stability, where the biosensor remains viable for up to 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Ponamoreva
- Department of Biotechnology, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia.
| | - O A Kamanina
- Department of Chemistry, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia
| | - V A Alferov
- Department of Chemistry, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia
| | - A V Machulin
- Laboratory of Cytology of Microorganisms, G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - T V Rogova
- Department of Chemistry, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia
| | - V A Arlyapov
- Department of Chemistry, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia
| | - S V Alferov
- Department of Biotechnology, Tula State University, Pr. Lenina 92, Tula 300012, Russia
| | - N E Suzina
- Laboratory of Cytology of Microorganisms, G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - E P Ivanova
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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22
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Bernal OI, Mooney CB, Flickinger MC. Specific photosynthetic rate enhancement by cyanobacteria coated onto paper enables engineering of highly reactive cellular biocomposite “leaves”. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:1993-2008. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar I. Bernal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; North Carolina State University; 911 Partners Way Raleigh North Carolina 27695
| | - Charles B. Mooney
- Analytical Instrumentation Facility; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
| | - Michael C. Flickinger
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; North Carolina State University; 911 Partners Way Raleigh North Carolina 27695
- Golden-LEAF Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
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23
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Rasmussen M, Minteer SD. Investigating the mechanism of thylakoid direct electron transfer for photocurrent generation. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Hasan K, Dilgin Y, Emek SC, Tavahodi M, Åkerlund HE, Albertsson PÅ, Gorton L. Photoelectrochemical Communication between Thylakoid Membranes and Gold Electrodes through Different Quinone Derivatives. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Hasan K, Bekir Yildiz H, Sperling E, Ó Conghaile P, Packer MA, Leech D, Hägerhäll C, Gorton L. Photo-electrochemical communication between cyanobacteria (Leptolyngbia sp.) and osmium redox polymer modified electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:24676-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04307c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Potential electrons transfer from cyanobacteria to the electrode via osmium redox polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Huseyin Bekir Yildiz
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering
- KTO Karatay University
- 42020 Konya, Turkey
| | - Eva Sperling
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Ó Conghaile
- School of Chemistry
- National University of Ireland Galway
- University Road
- Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Dónal Leech
- School of Chemistry
- National University of Ireland Galway
- University Road
- Galway, Ireland
| | - Cecilia Hägerhäll
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry and Structural Biology
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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26
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Cassaignon S, de Maleprade R, Nassif N, Livage J. From Living Light to Living Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Müller C, Kraushaar K, Doebbe A, Mussgnug JH, Kruse O, Kroke E, Patel AV. Synthesis of transparent aminosilane-derived silica based networks for entrapment of sensitive materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:10163-5. [PMID: 24051654 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel sol-gel synthesis route is reported which results in the formation of optically transparent silica based hydro- and xerogels from an aminosilane precursor in aqueous solutions. These materials can be used for entrapment of microalgae and light-harvesting complex (LHC) samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld, Faculty of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Wilhelm-Bertelsmann-Str. 10, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany.
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28
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Bio-inspired encapsulation and functionalization of living cells with artificial shells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 113:483-500. [PMID: 24120320 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In nature, most single cells do not have structured shells to provide extensive protection apart from diatoms and radiolarians. Fabrication of biomimetic structures based on living cells encapsulated with artificial shells has a great impact on the area of cell-based sensors and devices as well as fundamental studies in cell biology. The past decade has witnessed a rapid increase of research concerning the new fabrication strategies, functionalization and applications of this kind of encapsulated cells. In this review, the latest fabrication strategies on how to encapsulate living cells with functional shells based on the diversity of artificial shells are discussed: hydrogel matrix shells, sol-gel shells, polymeric shells, and induced mineral shells. Classical different types of artificial shells are introduced and their advantages and disadvantages are compared and explained. The biomedical applications of encapsulated cells with particular emphasis on cell implant protection, cell separation, biosensors, cell therapy and tissue engineering are also described and a recap of this review and the future perspectives on these active areas is given finally.
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29
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Rasmussen M, Shrier A, Minteer SD. High performance thylakoid bio-solar cell using laccase enzymatic biocathodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:9062-5. [PMID: 23666112 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51813b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thylakoid membranes have previously been used for electrochemical solar energy conversion, but the current output and open circuit voltage are low, in part due to limitations of the cathode. In this paper, a thylakoid bioanode and laccase biocathode were combined in the construction of a bio-solar cell capable of light-induced generation of electrical power. This two-compartment cell showed a greater than 5-fold increase in short circuit current density and an open circuit voltage 0.275 V larger than that of a thylakoid bio-solar cell incorporating an air-breathing Pt cathode. The electrodes were then tested in several solutions of varying pH to evaluate the possibility of constructing a compartment-less bio-solar cell. This membrane-less cell, operating at pH 5.5, generated a short circuit photocurrent density of 14.0 ± 1.8 μA cm(-2) which is 25% larger than the two-compartment cell and a similar open circuit voltage of 0.720 ± 0.018 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Rasmussen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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30
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Hu CW, Lin MH, Huang HC, Ku WC, Yi TH, Tsai CF, Chen YJ, Sugiyama N, Ishihama Y, Juan HF, Wu SH. Phosphoproteomic analysis of Rhodopseudomonas palustris reveals the role of pyruvate phosphate dikinase phosphorylation in lipid production. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:5362-75. [PMID: 23030682 DOI: 10.1021/pr300582p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R. palustris) is a purple nonsulfur anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium with metabolic versatility and is able to grow under photoheterotrophic and chemoheterotrophic states. It has uses in carbon management, carbon recycling, hydrogen generation, and lipid production; therefore, it has the potential for bioenergy production and biodegradation. This study is the first to identify the phosphoproteome of R. palustris including 100 phosphopeptides from 54 phosphoproteins and 74 phosphopeptides from 42 phosphoproteins in chemoheterotrophic and photoheterotrophic growth conditions, respectively. In the identified phosphoproteome, phosphorylation at the threonine residue, Thr487, of pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK, RPA1051) was found to participate in the regulation of carbon metabolism. Here, we show that PPDK enzyme activity is higher in photoheterotrophic growth, with Thr487 phosphorylation as a possible mediator. Under the same photoheterotrophic conditions, R. palustris with overexpressed wild-type PPDK showed an enhanced accumulation of total lipids than those with mutant PPDK (T487V) form. This study reveals the role of the PPDK in the production of biodiesel material, lipid content, with threonyl-phosphorylation as one of the possible regulatory events during photoheterotrophic growth in R. palustris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Hu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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31
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Dickson DJ, Luterra MD, Ely RL. Transcriptomic responses of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 encapsulated in silica gel. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:183-96. [PMID: 22846903 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Global gene expression of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 encapsulated in silica gel was examined by microarray analysis. Cultures were encapsulated in gels derived from aqueous precursors or from alkoxide precursors and incubated under constant light for 24 h prior to RNA extraction. Cultures suspended in liquid media were exposed to 500 mM salt stress and incubated under identical conditions for comparison purposes. The expression of 414 genes was significantly altered by encapsulation in aqueous-derived gels (fold change ≥1.5 and P value < 0.01), the expression of 1,143 genes was significantly altered by encapsulation in alkoxide-derived gels, and only 243 genes were common to both encapsulation chemistries. Additional qRT-PCR analyses of four selected genes, ggpS, cpcG2, slr5055, and sll5057, confirmed microarray results for those genes. These results illustrate that encapsulation stress is quite different than salt stress in terms of gene expression response. Furthermore, a number of hypothetical and unknown proteins associated with encapsulation and alcohol stress have been identified with implications for improving encapsulation protocols and rationally engineering microorganisms for direct biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Dickson
- Biological and Ecological Engineering Department, Oregon State University, 116 Gilmore Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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32
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Bian ZY, Wang H, Fu WF, Li L, Ding AZ. Two bifunctional RuII/ReI photocatalysts for CO2 reduction: A spectroscopic, photocatalytic, and computational study. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Zhou H, Fan T, Zhang D. Biotemplated materials for sustainable energy and environment: current status and challenges. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1344-87. [PMID: 21905237 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Materials science will play a key role in the further development of emerging solutions for the increasing problems of energy and environment. Materials found in nature have many inspiring structures, such as hierarchical organizations, periodic architectures, or nanostructures, that endow them with amazing functions, such as energy harvesting and conversion, antireflection, structural coloration, superhydrophobicity, and biological self-assembly. Biotemplating is an effective strategy to obtain morphology-controllable materials with structural specificity, complexity, and related unique functions. Herein, we highlight the synthesis and application of biotemplated materials for six key areas of energy and environment technologies, namely, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, CO(2) reduction, solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, photocatalytic degradation, and gas/vapor sensing. Although the applications differ from each other, a common fundamental challenge is to realize optimum structures for improved performances. We highlight the role of four typical structures derived from biological systems exploited to optimize properties: hierarchical (porous) structures, periodic (porous) structures, hollow structures, and nanostructures. We also provide examples of using biogenic elements (e.g., C, Si, N, I, P, S) for the creation of active materials. Finally, we disscuss the challenges of achieving the desired performance for large-scale commercial applications and provide some useful prototypes from nature for the biomimetic design of new materials or systems. The emphasis is mainly focused on the structural effects and compositional utilization of biotemplated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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34
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Xu X, Wang B, Tang R. Hybrid materials that integrate living cells: improved eco-adaptation and environmental applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1439-1446. [PMID: 22102993 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xurong Xu
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China.
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35
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Rooke JC, Léonard A, Meunier CF, Su BL. Designing photobioreactors based on living cells immobilized in silica gel for carbon dioxide mitigation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1249-1257. [PMID: 21728249 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been rising since the industrial revolution, with the most dramatic increase occurring since the end of World War II. Carbon dioxide is widely regarded as one of the major factors contributing to the greenhouse effect, which is of major concern in today's society because it leads to global warming. Photosynthesis is Nature's tool for combating elevated carbon dioxide levels. In essence, photosynthesis allows a cell to harvest solar energy and convert it into chemical energy through the assimilation of carbon dioxide and water. Therefore photosynthesis is regarded as an ideal way to harness the abundance of solar energy that reaches Earth and convert anthropologically generated carbon dioxide into useful carbohydrates, providing a much more sustainable energy source. This Minireview aims to tackle the idea of immobilizing photosynthetic unicellular organisms within inert silica frameworks, providing protection both to the fragile cells and to the external ecosystem, and to use this resultant living hybrid material in a photobioreactor. The viability and activity of various unicellular organisms are summarized alongside design issues of a photobioreactor based on living hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna C Rooke
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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36
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Evaluation of encapsulation stress and the effect of additives on viability and photosynthetic activity of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 encapsulated in silica gel. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 91:1633-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Micro-algal biosensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:581-97. [PMID: 21626188 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fighting against water pollution requires the ability to detect pollutants for example herbicides or heavy metals. Micro-algae that live in marine and fresh water offer a versatile solution for the construction of novel biosensors. These photosynthetic microorganisms are very sensitive to changes in their environment, enabling the detection of traces of pollutants. Three groups of micro-algae are described in this paper: chlorophyta, cyanobacteria, and diatoms.
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38
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Meunier CF, Yang XY, Rooke JC, Su BL. Biofuel cells Based on the Immobilization of Photosynthetically Active Bioentities. ChemCatChem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Rooke JC, Léonard A, Sarmento H, Meunier CF, Descy JP, Su BL. Novel photosynthetic CO2bioconvertor based on green algae entrapped in low-sodium silica gels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02712j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Perullini M, Amoura M, Roux C, Coradin T, Livage J, Japas ML, Jobbágy M, Bilmes SA. Improving silica matrices for encapsulation of Escherichiacoli using osmoprotectors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm03948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Perullini M, Amoura M, Jobbágy M, Roux C, Livage J, Coradin T, Bilmes SA. Improving bacteria viability in metal oxide hosts via an alginate-based hybrid approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10684h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Abstract
Diatom inspired bio-hybrids offer new possibilities for the synthesis of nanostructured materials and the development of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Nassif
- Chimie de la matière condensée de Paris
- CNRS
- UPMC
- 75231 Paris Cedex 05
- France
| | - Jacques Livage
- Chimie de la matière condensée de Paris
- CNRS
- UPMC
- 75231 Paris Cedex 05
- France
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43
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Zhou H, Fan T, Zhang D. An Insight into Artificial Leaves for Sustainable Energy Inspired by Natural Photosynthesis. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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How to design cell-based biosensors using the sol-gel process. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 400:965-76. [PMID: 21046077 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic gels formed using the sol-gel process are promising hosts for the encapsulation of living organisms and the design of cell-based biosensors. However, the possibility to use the biological activity of entrapped cells as a biological signal requires a good understanding and careful control of the chemical and physical conditions in which the organisms are placed before, during, and after gel formation, and their impact on cell viability. Moreover, it is important to examine the possible transduction methods that are compatible with sol-gel encapsulated cells. Through an updated presentation of the current knowledge in this field and based on selected examples, this review shows how it has been possible to convert a chemical technology initially developed for the glass industry into a biotechnological tool, with current limitations and promising specificities.
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