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Yu Y, Zhong J, Xu K, Yuan Y, Ye K. Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Synthesis and Functionalization of Indole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun‐Song Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Ke‐Yin Ye
- Key Laboratory for Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
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Wang P, Yang Z, Wang Z, Xu C, Huang L, Wang S, Zhang H, Lei A. Electrochemical Arylation of Electron-Deficient Arenes through Reductive Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15747-15751. [PMID: 31433101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical method has been developed to achieve arylation of electron-deficient arenes through reductive activation. Various electron-deficient arenes and aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates are amenable to this transformation within the conditions of an undivided cell, providing the desired products in up to 92 % yield. Instead of preparing diazonium reagents, these reactions can begin from anilines, and they can be carried out in one pot. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies indicate that cathodic reduction of quinoxaline occurs using the transformation. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry indicates that both quinoxaline and aryl diazonium salt have relatively low reduction potentials, which suggests they can be activated through reduction during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Yang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, P. R. China.,National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
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3
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Wang P, Yang Z, Wang Z, Xu C, Huang L, Wang S, Zhang H, Lei A. Electrochemical Arylation of Electron‐Deficient Arenes through Reductive Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Yang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Hubei P. R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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4
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A novel electrochemical assay for aspartame determination via nucleophilic reactions with caffeic acid ortho-quinone. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Deng
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jisong Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
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Kärkäs MD. Electrochemical strategies for C-H functionalization and C-N bond formation. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5786-5865. [PMID: 29911724 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00619e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 582] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Conventional methods for carrying out carbon-hydrogen functionalization and carbon-nitrogen bond formation are typically conducted at elevated temperatures, and rely on expensive catalysts as well as the use of stoichiometric, and perhaps toxic, oxidants. In this regard, electrochemical synthesis has recently been recognized as a sustainable and scalable strategy for the construction of challenging carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Here, electrosynthesis has proven to be an environmentally benign, highly effective and versatile platform for achieving a wide range of nonclassical bond disconnections via generation of radical intermediates under mild reaction conditions. This review provides an overview on the use of anodic electrochemical methods for expediting the development of carbon-hydrogen functionalization and carbon-nitrogen bond formation strategies. Emphasis is placed on methodology development and mechanistic insight and aims to provide inspiration for future synthetic applications in the field of electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yan M, Kawamata Y, Baran PS. Synthetic Organic Electrochemical Methods Since 2000: On the Verge of a Renaissance. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13230-13319. [PMID: 28991454 PMCID: PMC5786875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1869] [Impact Index Per Article: 267.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry represents one of the most intimate ways of interacting with molecules. This review discusses advances in synthetic organic electrochemistry since 2000. Enabling methods and synthetic applications are analyzed alongside innate advantages as well as future challenges of electroorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangye Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Abstract
The preparation and transformation of heterocyclic structures have always been of great interest in organic chemistry. Electrochemical technique provides a versatile and powerful approach to the assembly of various heterocyclic structures. In this review, we examine the advance in relation to the electrochemical construction of heterocyclic compounds published since 2000 via intra- and intermolecular cyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangye Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
| | - Kun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China.,College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanyang Normal University , Nanyang , Henan 473061 , China
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & Bioengineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
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Yu FC, Hao XP, Lin XR, Yan SJ, Lin J. Synthesis of fused polyhalogeno-7a-hydroxy-[1,2-a]indol-5-one derivatives. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang KM, Ma YL, Lin XR, Yan SJ, Lin J. Regioselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazoles and imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04244e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A concise synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazoles and imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines by regioselective aza-ene additions and regioselective cyclic–condensation reactions of HKAs with ethyl 3-benzoylacrylate derivatives under catalyst-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry Education
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
| | - Yu-Lu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry Education
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
| | - Xin-Rong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry Education
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
| | - Sheng-Jiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry Education
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry Education
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
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Wang KM, Yan SJ, Lin J. Heterocyclic Ketene Aminals: Scaffolds for Heterocycle Molecular Diversity. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Shchepochkin AV, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN, Petrosyan VA. Direct nucleophilic functionalization of C(sp2)–H-bonds in arenes and hetarenes by electrochemical methods. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n08abeh004386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Ketene dithioacetals are versatile intermediates in organic synthesis. Extensive research, since the last decade, has given rise to new prospects in their chemistry. The objective of this review is twofold: first, to highlight the new prospects in the chemistry of functionalized ketene dithioacetals, and second, to provide an intrinsic link between ketene dithioacetal groups and a variety of other functional groups, which has brought out many new facts that will assist in future designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
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Zhang NT, Gao XG, Zeng CC, Hu LM, Tian HY, She YB. Electrochemical oxidation of catechols in the presence of enaminone: exclusive α- arylation. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00683e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Martinez CM, Neudörffer A, Largeron M. A convenient biomimetic synthesis of optically active putative neurotoxic metabolites of MDMA (“ecstasy”) from R-(−)- and S-(+)-N-methyl-α-methyldopamine precursors. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3739-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Bai YX, Ping DW, Little RD, Tian HY, Hu LM, Zeng CC. Electrochemical oxidation of catechols in the presence of ketene N,O-acetals: indole formation versus α-arylation. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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