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Weber I, Wang CW, Huang SC, Zhu CY, Lee YP. Fluorescence Excitation and Dispersed Fluorescence Spectra of the 1-Hydronaphthyl Radical (1-C 10H 9) in Solid para-Hydrogen. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8423-8433. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Weber
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3000093, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3000093, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3000093, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3000093, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 3000093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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2
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Lee GW. Observation of vibronic emission spectrum of jet-cooled 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl radical. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120001. [PMID: 34098481 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We observed the vibronic emission spectrum of 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl radical using a corona-excited supersonic jet expansion (CESE) from the precursor 3-chloro-4-fluorotoluene. From an analysis of the observed spectrum, we investigate the formation of the 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl and 4-fluorobenzyl radicals and explained the reaction paths with an ab initio study. The D1 → D0 transition energy and the frequencies of vibrational mode of the 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl radical were determined with a Franck-Condon simulation from density functional theory calculations in the D0 and D1 states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Woo Lee
- Inorganic Material Team, Chemical Development Group, Dongwoo Fine-chem, Iksansi, Jeonrabukdo, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Shiels OJ, Prendergast MB, Savee JD, Osborn DL, Taatjes CA, Blanksby SJ, da Silva G, Trevitt AJ. Five vs. six membered-ring PAH products from reaction of o-methylphenyl radical and two C 3H 4 isomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14913-14924. [PMID: 34223848 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01764k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase reactions of the o-methylphenyl (o-CH3C6H4) radical with the C3H4 isomers allene (H2C[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2) and propyne (HC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CH3) are studied at 600 K and 4 Torr (533 Pa) using VUV synchrotron photoionisation mass spectrometry, quantum chemical calculations and RRKM modelling. Two major dissociation product ions arise following C3H4 addition: m/z 116 (CH3 loss) and 130 (H loss). These products correspond to small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The m/z 116 signal for both reactions is conclusively assigned to indene (C9H8) and is the dominant product for the propyne reaction. Signal at m/z 130 for the propyne case is attributed to isomers of bicyclic methylindene (C10H10) + H, which contains a newly-formed methylated five-membered ring. The m/z 130 signal for allene, however, is dominated by the 1,2-dihydronaphthalene isomer arising from a newly created six-membered ring. Our results show that new ring formation from C3H4 addition to the methylphenyl radical requires an ortho-CH3 group - similar to o-methylphenyl radical oxidation. These reactions characteristically lead to bicyclic aromatic products, but the structure of the C3H4 co-reactant dictates the structure of the PAH product, with allene preferentially leading to the formation of two six-membered ring bicyclics and propyne resulting in the formation of six and five-membered bicyclic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisin J Shiels
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
| | - Matthew B Prendergast
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
| | - John D Savee
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - David L Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - Craig A Taatjes
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Adam J Trevitt
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
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4
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Krechkivska O, Wilcox CM, Nauta K, Kable SH, Schmidt TW. Quantum-Induced Symmetry Breaking in the Deuterated Dihydroanthracenyl Radical. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6711-6719. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olha Krechkivska
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Callan M. Wilcox
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Klaas Nauta
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Scott H. Kable
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy W. Schmidt
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Huh CS. Jet-cooled spectroscopy of the m-ethylbenzyl radical in a corona-excited supersonic expansion. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 214:326-332. [PMID: 30798214 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The vibronic structure of m-ethylbenzyl radical has been investigated in the gas phase for the first time in a corona-excited supersonic expansion (CESE). Assignment of the m-ethylbenzyl radical has been reported by comparing the spectra from m-xylene and m-ethyltoluene. The theoretical calculation, Density functional theory, of the D0 and D1 state structures of the m-ethylbenzyl radical was computed. Conclusive assignment of vibronic emission spectrum has been analyzed with an aid of Franck-Condon simulation in the D0-D1 transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Soon Huh
- Applied Chemistry Major, Division of Chemical Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Pusan 614-714, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Brand C, Stickler BA, Knobloch C, Shayeghi A, Hornberger K, Arndt M. Conformer Selection by Matter-Wave Interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:173002. [PMID: 30411911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We establish that matter-wave diffraction at near-resonant ultraviolet optical gratings can be used to spatially separate individual conformers of complex molecules. Our calculations show that the conformational purity of the prepared beam can be close to 100% and that all molecules remain in their electronic ground state. The proposed technique is independent of the dipole moment and the spin of the molecule and thus paves the way for structure-sensitive experiments with hydrocarbons and biomolecules, such as neurotransmitters and hormones, which have evaded conformer-pure isolation so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brand
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin A Stickler
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraße 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Christian Knobloch
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armin Shayeghi
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Hornberger
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraße 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Markus Arndt
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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7
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Tsuge M, Bahou M, Wu YJ, Allamandola L, Lee YP. Infrared spectra of ovalene (C 32H 14) and hydrogenated ovalene (C 32H 15˙) in solid para-hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28864-28871. [PMID: 27722314 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05701b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the infrared (IR) spectra of ovalene (C32H14) and hydrogenated ovalene (C32H15˙) in solid para-hydrogen (p-H2). The hydrogenated ovalene and protonated ovalene were generated from electron bombardment of a mixture of ovalene and p-H2 during deposition of a matrix at 3.2 K. The features that decreased with time have been previously assigned to 7-C32H15+, the most stable isomer of protonated ovalene (Astrophys. J., 2016, 825, 96). The spectral features that increased with time are assigned to the most stable isomer of hydrogenated ovalene (7-C32H15˙) based on the expected chemistry and on a comparison with the vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities predicted by the B3PW91/6-311++G(2d,2p) method. The mechanism of formation of 7-C32H15˙ is discussed according to the observed changes in intensity and calculated energetics of possible reactions of H + C32H14 and isomerization of C32H15˙. The formation of 7-C32H15˙ is dominated by the reaction H + C32H14 → 7-C32H15˙, implying that, regardless of the presence of a barrier, the hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons occurs even at 3.2 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tsuge
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Sciences, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Mohammed Bahou
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Sciences, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jong Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Louis Allamandola
- The Astrophysics and Astrochemistry Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Sciences, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. and Institute of Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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9
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10
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Maity S, Steglich M, Maier JP. Electronic Spectroscopy of Resonantly Stabilized Aromatic Radicals: 1-Indanyl and Methyl Substituted Analogues. J Phys Chem A 2015. [PMID: 26203496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase electronic spectra of two resonantly stabilized radicals, 1-indanyl (C9H9) and 1-methyl-1-indanyl (C10H11), have been recorded in the visible region using a resonant two-color two-photon ionization (R2C2PI) scheme. The D1(A″) ← D0(A″) origin bands of 1-indanyl and 1-methyl-1-indanyl radicals are observed at 21157 and 20565 cm(–1), respectively. The excitation of a′ vibrations in the D1 state is observed up to ∼1500 cm(–1) above the origin band in both cases. The experimental assignments are in agreement with DFT and TD-DFT calculations. The R2C2PI spectrum recorded at m/z = 131 amu (C10H11) features three additional electronic transitions at 21433, 21369, and 17989 cm(–1), which are assigned to the origin bands of 7-methyl-1-indanyl, 2,3,4-trihydronaphthyl, and methyl-4-ethenylbenzyl radicals, respectively.
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11
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O’Connor GD, Woodhouse GV, Troy TP, Schmidt TW. Double-resonance spectroscopy of radicals: higher electronic excited states of 1- and 2-naphthylmethyl, 1-phenylpropargyl and 9-anthracenylmethyl. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1012127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Krechkivska O, Wilcox CM, Chan B, Jacob R, Liu Y, Nauta K, Kable SH, Radom L, Schmidt TW. H and D Attachment to Naphthalene: Spectra and Thermochemistry of Cold Gas-Phase 1-C10H9 and 1-C10H8D Radicals and Cations. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3225-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olha Krechkivska
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Callan M. Wilcox
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Bun Chan
- School
of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and
Biotechnology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Rebecca Jacob
- School
of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and
Biotechnology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Yu Liu
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Klaas Nauta
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Scott H. Kable
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Leo Radom
- School
of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and
Biotechnology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Timothy W. Schmidt
- School
of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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13
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Kidwell NM, Mehta-Hurt DN, Korn JA, Sibert EL, Zwier TS. Ground and excited state infrared spectroscopy of jet-cooled radicals: Exploring the photophysics of trihydronaphthyl and inden-2-ylmethyl. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:214302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4879550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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14
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Aysina J, Maranzana A, Tonachini G, Tosi P, Ascenzi D. Growth of polyphenyls via ion–molecule reactions: An experimental and theoretical mechanistic study. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:204310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4807486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Bahou M, Wu YJ, Lee YP. Formation and infrared absorption of protonated naphthalenes (1-C10H9+and 2-C10H9+) and their neutral counterparts in solid para-hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:1907-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43143b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Chalyavi N, Troy TP, Bacskay GB, Nauta K, Kable SH, Reid SA, Schmidt TW. Excitation spectra of the jet-cooled 4-phenylbenzyl and 4-(4'-methylphenyl)benzyl radicals. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10780-5. [PMID: 23082991 DOI: 10.1021/jp309003u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The excitation spectra of jet-cooled 4-phenylbenzyl and 4-(4'-methylphenyl)benzyl radicals have been identified by a combination of resonant two-color two-photon ionization mass spectrometry and quantum chemical methods. Both radicals exhibit progressions in the biphenyl torsional mode, peaking near ν = 17. The lowest observed peak for 4-phenylbenzyl was observed at 18598 cm(-1) and is estimated to be the ν = 3 of the progression, while the lowest observed peak for the 4-(4'-methylphenyl)benzyl radical was observed at 18183 cm(-1) and is possibly the origin. The spectra are discussed and compared to other biphenyl and benzyl chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Chalyavi
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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17
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Sebree JA, Kidwell NM, Selby TM, Amberger BK, McMahon RJ, Zwier TS. Photochemistry of Benzylallene: Ring-Closing Reactions to Form Naphthalene. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1153-63. [PMID: 22148423 DOI: 10.1021/ja209189g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Sebree
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
| | - Nathanael M. Kidwell
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
| | - Talitha M. Selby
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Washington County, 400
University Drive, West Bend, Wisconsin 53095,
United States
| | - Brent K. Amberger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322,
United States
| | - Robert J. McMahon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322,
United States
| | - Timothy S. Zwier
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
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18
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Sebree JA, Kidwell NM, Buchanan EG, Zgierski MZ, Zwier TS. Spectroscopy and ionization thresholds of π-isoelectronic 1-phenylallyl and benzylallenyl resonance stabilized radicals. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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